{"title":"Hygiene conditions explain larval density-dependent performance in Plutella xylostella with sufficient food","authors":"Aiying Lu , Leyun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Larval density is an important factor influencing insect growth, development and population dynamics. Under conditions of limited food resources, higher larval density leads to reduced food availability per individual, causing adverse outcomes. When food was abundant, how larval density influences insect performance and its underlying mechanism have been understudied. We compared fitness traits of <em>Plutella xylostella</em> (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), over a wide range of rearing densities (1, 4, 7 and 10 larvae per Petri dish) provided with sufficient common cabbage leaves. <em>Plutella xylostella</em> reared at 10 larvae per container had significant reductions in the pupal weight, realized fecundity, and adult life span when compared with those reared at lower densities. To find out the underlying mechanism, we further tested the hypothesis that the hygiene condition in part mediates larval density-dependent performance of larvae with sufficient food. We investigated the effect of 3 hygiene conditions (clean, control, mess: indicated by feces accumulation rates) on fitness of <em>P. xylostella</em> at the same rearing density (10 larvae per Petri dish) provided with sufficient common cabbage leaves. Results confirmed the important role of hygiene conditions in mediating the responses of larva fitness to larval density that the mess condition significantly reduced the pupal weight, total survival rate, realized fecundity, adult life span, and the development rates of completing a life cycle in comparison to cleaner treatments. These findings highlight that, even with sufficient food, rearing insects in different densities and hygiene conditions can largely affect the fitness outcomes. This provides critical insights for understanding the ecology of insects feeding in high densities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 3","pages":"Article 102444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fredrick Ojija , Marco Mng’ong’o , Becky N. Aloo , Gabriel Mayengo , Mlyashimbi Helikumi
{"title":"Effect of global climate change on insect populations, distribution, and its dynamics","authors":"Fredrick Ojija , Marco Mng’ong’o , Becky N. Aloo , Gabriel Mayengo , Mlyashimbi Helikumi","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insects are vital to various ecosystems as pollinators, decomposers, and food sources for many organisms. They dominate diverse terrestrial (e.g.<em>,</em> glassland) and aquatic (lakes, oceans, rivers, etc.) ecosystems. Previous studies report that more than half of the estimated 2.0 million species of living organisms identified on our planet are insects. However, global climate change (GCC), characterised by rising temperatures and altered precipitation patterns, significantly impacts their populations worldwide. We reviewed the literature to provide an overview of GCC events in insects. Collectively, the study findings reveal that global temperature and precipitation change are among the extreme GCC events affecting more than 30% of insect population, distribution, physiology, feeding habits, interactions, migration, and communication across the globe. The climate change intensifies insect cycles and insect damage in agroecosystems. In response, insect species alter their geographic ranges and phenology, changing population dynamics and interactions. GCC also influences reproductive patterns, including mating behaviour and breeding synchrony. Warmer global temperatures might advance or delay insect emergence, causing mismatches with food availability or pollination partners. While some insect populations may adapt, extreme heat events or prolonged droughts exceeding their physiological tolerance result in population declines or local extinctions. Predictions suggest that up to 65% of insect populations could face extinction within the next century due to increasing climate change. Thus, understanding these impacts is essential for predicting the ecological consequences of the GCC and developing effective conservation strategies to mitigate such impacts and protect insect biodiversity and ecosystem services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 3","pages":"Article 102442"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lethal and sublethal effects of azadirachtin on Riptortus pedestris (F.) and its egg parasitoids, Gryon japonicum (Ashmead) and Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii","authors":"Young-gyun Park , Naresh Dangi , Un Taek Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Azadirachtin may cause acute toxicity and alter behavior of natural enemies. We evaluate the lethal and sublethal effect of five concentrations of azadirachtin through topical application and residual exposure on <em>Riptortus pedestris</em> (F.). Its effects were also assessed against egg parasitoids, <em>Gryon japonicum</em> (Ashmead) and <em>Ooencyrtus nezarae</em> Ishii, by pre- and post-parasitization treatment of host eggs. The toxicity of azadirachtin to <em>R. pedestris</em> increased significantly with higher concentrations. A morphological deformity in nymphs was also observed in topical application after molting into the next instar. Azadirachtin significantly reduced egg parasitism by <em>G. japonicum</em> and <em>O. nezarae</em> at concentrations of 15 and 10 mL/L. Interestingly, the male ratio of <em>G. japonicum</em> progeny was increased significantly when host eggs were treated with azadirachtin before parasitization. However, the risk levels of azadirachtin to <em>G. japonicum</em> and <em>O. nezarae</em> were classified as harmless and slightly harmful, respectively, at a concentration of 10 mL/L. Thus, this concentration could be a potential alternative to broad-spectrum chemical insecticides for managing <em>R. pedestris</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 3","pages":"Article 102441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xu Chen , Ning Fu , Qingxuan Xu , Chun Zhang , Su Wang , Da Xiao
{"title":"Functional characterization of RNAi candidate target genes in Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky) for potential pest control applications","authors":"Xu Chen , Ning Fu , Qingxuan Xu , Chun Zhang , Su Wang , Da Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Monolepta hieroglyphica</em> (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae) is a major agricultural pest affecting maize crops in northern and northwestern China. RNA interference (RNAi) technology offers a strategy for sustainable pest control by targeting and silencing specific genes, reducing reliance on chemical pesticides. In this study, we investigated four genes from <em>M. hieroglyphica</em> genome: V-type ATPase subunit A (<em>MhVATP-A</em>), coat protein complexes I <em>β’</em> subunit (<em>MhCOPI-β’</em>), cytochrome P450 reductase (<em>MhCPR</em>) and tyrosine decarboxylase (<em>MhTDC</em>) as potential RNAi targets for RNAi-mediated pest control. Through dsRNA injections in adult, we successfully achieved gene silencing in <em>M. hieroglyphica</em>, resulting in significantly reduced expression levels of the target genes. Silencing of <em>MhVATP-A</em> and <em>MhCOPI-β’</em> resulted in a marked increase in mortality (60–80%), suggesting that these genes play critical roles in essential physiological functions, such as cellular PH regulation and vesicular transport. In contrast, <em>MhCPR</em> suppression resulted in moderate mortality (30%), indicating that while it influences detoxification processes, it may be less effective as a primary target for pest control. <em>MhTDC</em> silencing, involved in nervous system regulation, had no significant impact on adult insect survival, possibly due to compensatory physiological mechanisms. Overall, our findings demonstrate the potential of RNAi technology to target essential genes in <em>M. hieroglyphica,</em> leading to significant insect mortality. The results highlight <em>MhVATP-A</em> and <em>MhCOPI-β’</em> as promising targets for RNAi-based transgenic maize, offering a species-specific approach for sustainable pest management in maize production. Further investigation is required to assess the effectiveness of RNAi across different development stages and environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 3","pages":"Article 102440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frances Paula L. Miaral , Keisuke Suganuma , Claro N. Mingala , Jose Ma M. Angeles , Derick Erl P. Sumalapao , Thaddeus M. Carvajal , Adrian Miki C. Macalanda , Cristian C. Lucañas , Maria Angenica F. Regilme , Gabriel Alexis S. Tubalinal , Maria Luz B. Belleza , Arlene G. Bertuso
{"title":"Molecular detection of Trypanosoma evansi and Theileria/Babesia sp. in Tabanus spp. populations (Diptera: Tabanidae) from Nueva Ecija, Philippines","authors":"Frances Paula L. Miaral , Keisuke Suganuma , Claro N. Mingala , Jose Ma M. Angeles , Derick Erl P. Sumalapao , Thaddeus M. Carvajal , Adrian Miki C. Macalanda , Cristian C. Lucañas , Maria Angenica F. Regilme , Gabriel Alexis S. Tubalinal , Maria Luz B. Belleza , Arlene G. Bertuso","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hematophagous flies of the family Tabanidae (Order Diptera) are important nuisance pests and vectors of several diseases in both animals and humans. In this study, the potential role of tabanids in the transmission of protozoans such as <em>Babesia</em> sp., <em>Theileria</em> sp. and <em>Trypanosoma evansi</em> was determined. Nzi traps were installed near backyard farms in Brgy. Catalanacan, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines from May to June 2023 for the collection of tabanids. The species, relative abundance, and density of the collected tabanids were recorded. While the occurrence of <em>Tr. evansi</em> (n = 383) and <em>Theileria/Babesia</em> sp. (n = 382) in the dissected proboscis of tabanids were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The presence of human blood among the samples that were positive for <em>Tr. evansi</em> and <em>Theileria/Babesia</em> sp. was also determined as an indicator of potential human exposure to the protozoans. A total of 4,317 tabanids were collected belonging to <em>Tabanus partitus</em> (99.95 %, 4,315/4,317) and <em>Ta. reducens</em> (0.05 %, 2/4,317). Using conventional PCR, the occurrences for <em>Tr. evansi</em> and <em>Theileria/Babesia</em> sp. were 47.26 % (181/383) and 31.15 % (119/382) in <em>Ta. partitus</em>, respectively, while both were detected in 6.01 % (23/383) of the proboscis. Twelve samples that were positive for <em>Theileria/Babesia</em> sp. were subjected to sequencing and were found to belong to the genus <em>Theileria</em>. About 18.41 % (51/277) of the samples positive for either or both protozoans have detectable human blood, indicating that humans have been bitten by tabanids in the study area, thus demonstrating the risk of exposure to hemoprotozoan-carrying tabanids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 3","pages":"Article 102439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A review of Korean Aleochara Gravenhorst subgenus Xenochara Mulsant and Rey (Coleoptera:Staphylinidae:Aleocharinae) with description of a new species","authors":"Kee-Jeong Ahn, Joon-Yong Park","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a result of a taxonomic review of the <em>Aleochara</em> Gravenhorst subgenus <em>Xenochara</em> Mulsant and Rey in Korea, we discovered one new species [<em>Aleochara</em> (<em>Xenochara</em>) <em>kimae</em> Ahn and Park, <strong>new species</strong>] and one additional species [<em>Aleochara</em> (<em>Xenochara</em>) <em>niponensis</em> Sharp] new to the Korean fauna. A key, a description, diagnoses, and illustrations of the habitus photographs and diagnostic characters including median lobe and spermatheca are provided to facilitate identification. The monophyly of the subgenus <em>Xenochara</em> and its phylogenetic relationships was briefly discussed based on partial <em>COI</em>, <em>tRNA leucine</em>, and <em>COII</em> gene sequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 3","pages":"Article 102438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A systematic review of the East Asian Vidalia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetini: Trypetina), with recognition of a new species","authors":"Ho-Yeon Han, Kyung-Eui Ro","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The East Asian species of the horn-headed tephritid genus <em>Vidalia</em> are systematically reviewed, including <em>V. armifrons</em> (Portschinsky, 1892), <em>V. itoi</em> Han and Ro, sp. nov., and <em>V. satae</em> Ito, 1984. A key, diagnoses, descriptions, photographs of morphological structures (including genitalia), and a 16S rDNA phylogram of 18 genera and 26 species within the tribe Trypetini are provided. The species status of <em>V. armifrons</em> has previously been unclear. However, we were able to distinguish the light-colored <em>V. itoi</em>, sp. nov., from the dark-colored <em>V. armifrons</em> based on the specimens collected from northern South Korea. In addition to differences in coloration, the female aculei exhibit significant interspecific variation. Nevertheless, the two species are indistinguishable based on 16S rDNA sequences, supporting their status as sister species. The dark-colored <em>V. armifrons</em> appears to be distributed in more northern regions (East Siberia, northern China, and Korea), whereas <em>V. itoi</em> has a more southern distribution, extending as far as Japan. Both species coexist in Korea and presumably also in China and Russia, but only <em>V. itoi</em> is found in Japan. Minor differences in flight periods may exist between the two species, likely due to their use of different host plants in northern South Korea. Based on expanded sampling of <em>V. satae</em>, this species is hereby resurrected from synonymy with <em>V. accola</em> (Hardy, 1973) due to significant differences in wing pattern. Furthermore, our 16S rDNA phylogram supports a previously proposed morphological phylogenetic hypothesis: multiple independent, convergent evolutions of male head ornamentation have occurred within the tribe Trypetini, likely driven by intense selection pressure arising from aggressive male butting behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 3","pages":"Article 102436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Hyeuk Lee , Seunghyun Lee , Jinbae Seung , Seunghwan Lee
{"title":"Review of subfamily Cryptarchinae Thomson, 1859 (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Korea (Part II: Genus Cryptarcha Shuckard, 1839)","authors":"Min Hyeuk Lee , Seunghyun Lee , Jinbae Seung , Seunghwan Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a partial revision of the subfamily Cryptarchinae <span><span>Thomson, 1859</span></span> in Korea. In this second part of our revision, we focus on the genus <em>Cryptarcha</em> <span><span>Shuckard, 1839</span></span>. One new species, <em>Cryptarcha octopunctatus</em> sp. nov., is described, and two additional species, <em>C. kapfereri</em> Reitter, 1913 and <em>C. inhalita</em> Reitter, 1884, are reported for the first time in Korea. Diagnostic descriptions, photographs of external morphology and genital structures, biological information, and a key to Korean <em>Cryptarcha</em> are provided. Additionally, we present the first description of the larval stage of <em>C. lewisi</em> Reitter. Furthermore, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of <em>C. lewisi</em>, which spans 16,745 bp and includes the typical set of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 21 putative tRNA genes, and a control region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 3","pages":"Article 102437"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of candidate genes engaged in the sex-determination cascade in Eupolyphaga sinensis walker","authors":"Rui Zhu, Fei Yang, Tielong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Eupolyphaga sinensis</em> is a sexually dimorphic and an important medicinal insect in the East Asian traditional medicine. To deeply comprehend the sex-determination process underlying <em>Eupolyphaga sinensis</em>, this study conducted a large-scale transcriptomic analysis of its sex-determination genes. In total, 79,705 unigenes were derived via transcriptome sequencing, assembly, and annotation, and they had 836.30 bp and an N50 of 1422 bp. Putative sex-determination genes in <em>E. sinensis</em>, including <em>doublesex</em> (<em>dsx</em>), <em>transformer-2</em>, <em>intersex</em>, and <em>fruitless</em>, which are key ones often engaged in arthropod sex determination, were identified and characterized. For <em>E. sinensis</em>, a comparative network of protein–protein interactions for the sex-determination cascade was developed, using the network from the model insect <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> as a reference. This research results offer a framework for determining target genes and comprehending the regulation of the sex-determination cascade in <em>E. sinensis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 3","pages":"Article 102434"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex Yagoo , M.C. John Milton , Jelin Vilvest , Antony Stalin
{"title":"In silico molecular docking analysis on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity on Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus by β-isocostic acid","authors":"Alex Yagoo , M.C. John Milton , Jelin Vilvest , Antony Stalin","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases poses serious public health and economic threats, further exacerbated by the emergence of insecticide resistance in mosquito populations. Although conventional insecticides are effective, they contribute to environmental degradation and resistance development. This study investigates the insecticidal potential of β-isocostic acid, a plant-derived compound that targets acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to disrupt neurotransmission in <em>Aedes aegypti</em> and <em>Culex quinquefasciatus</em>, two major mosquito vectors. Molecular docking was employed to evaluate and compare the AChE binding affinity and interaction patterns of β-isocostic acid with that of the standard insecticide temephos. Ligand structures were retrieved from PubChem and optimized using ChemDraw and the PRODRG server. Homology models of AChE1 for <em>Ae. aegypti</em> and <em>Cx. quinquefasciatus</em> were constructed based on the crystal structure of an <em>Anopheles gambiae</em> AChE mutant. Docking simulations were performed using AutoDock Tools with a grid-based approach and the Lamarckian Genetic Algorithm. β-Isocostic acid demonstrated strong binding affinity to AChE1 in both species, with binding energies of –8.2 kcal/mol for <em>Ae. aegypti</em> and –8.5 kcal/mol for <em>Cx. quinquefasciatus</em>, values comparable to those of temephos (–8.7 kcal/mol and –9.1 kcal/mol, respectively). These findings suggest that β-isocostic acid may serve as an eco-friendly insecticidal candidate, inhibiting AChE and impairing mosquito function. Given its promising binding profile, β-isocostic acid has potential as a sustainable alternative for mosquito control. Further in vivo studies are warranted to validate its efficacy and safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 3","pages":"Article 102433"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}