Journal of Bone Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"SGLT2 Inhibitors: Dual Effects on Erythropoiesis and Bone Metabolism.","authors":"Aseel H Mohammad, Shatha H Mohammad, Mohammad H Alsaaty","doi":"10.11005/jbm.25.995","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.25.995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been used as a therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, their effects on erythropoiesis, phosphate regulation, and bone turnover are incompletely clarified. Studies report a marked increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit during treatment, suggesting an erythropoietic response rather than simple hemoconcentration. Simultaneously, changes in mineral metabolism, including a modest increase in phosphate, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), and parathyroid hormone (PTH), raise questions about the possible consequences for bone quality, mainly in individuals with diabetes or CKD who are at increased risk of fracture. Accordingly, this narrative review was structured through a literature search of PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar for studies published in English up to November 2025. Keywords included SGLT2 inhibitors, erythropoiesis, bone metabolism, phosphate homeostasis, FGF-23, PTH, vitamin D, bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture. Randomized trials, mechanistic studies, animal experiments, observational cohorts, sub-analysis and reviews were included. Current evidence shows that SGLT2 inhibition promotes erythropoietin production, enhances iron mobilization and modifies the bone marrow environment, while also influencing the FGF- 23-PTH-vitamin D axis through renal phosphate handling. Although canagliflozin has been associated with reduction in hip BMD and possible fracture risk, findings from the drug class remain inconsistent and are often confounded by baseline comorbidities. In conclusion, SGLT2 inhibitors trigger a connected hematologic and mineral changes, but their long-term skeletal impact remains uncertain. Further mechanistic and longitudinal studies are advised to clarify these outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"33 3","pages":"209-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Effects of Psychogenic Stress on Bone Morphology and Metabolism in Wistar Rats.","authors":"Sangun Lee, Haruka Tatehana, Takumi Saito, Issei Sugimoto, Yugo Kimura, Ikue Kondo, Atsunori Itagaki","doi":"10.11005/jbm.25.977","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.25.977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychogenic stress (PS) significantly contributes to the development of various pathological conditions, including psychiatric, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, PS has been shown to influence bone health. In this study, we aimed to elucidate PS effects on bone morphology and metabolism during distinct developmental periods in male Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PS was induced by combined restraint and water immersion stress for 3 hr per day over 4 weeks. In the end of the experiment, femora and tibiae were analyzed to determine bone length, cross-sectional area, and bone mass. Internal organ weights were also recorded. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activities were measured as markers of bone formation and resorption, respectively. Data were analyzed using the Student's ttest and Scheffé's multiple comparison test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PS significantly reduced body and organ weights at all developmental stages, indicating systemic growth suppression. The degree of stress-induced alterations in bone metabolism differed depending on the developmental stage: PS during growth impaired bone formation and enhanced resorption.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that PS exerts stage-specific effects on skeletal development and maintenance. The results highlight the importance of considering developmental stage in evaluating the impact of PS on bone health and suggest potential mechanisms linking chronic stress exposure to altered bone metabolism and increased risk of osteoporosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"33 3","pages":"246-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yerba Mate and Bone Health: Can Antioxidant Capacity Influence Skeletal Outcomes?","authors":"Mercedes Lombarte, Laureana Villarreal, Agustina Velázquez, Patricia M Lupión, Verónica E Di Loreto, Lucas R Brun","doi":"10.11005/jbm.25.981","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.25.981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxidative stress contributes to bone loss, and dietary antioxidants may support skeletal health. This study evaluated the effects of yerba mate (YM) infusion with enhanced antioxidant capacity (AOC; YM+) on skeletal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old) were randomized into three groups: control (water), YM, and YM+. After 90 days, tibial bone mineral density (BMD), biomechanical strength, histomorphometry, and plasma oxidative stress/antioxidant markers were assessed. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both YM and YM+ groups showed significantly higher tibial BMD vs. control (YM, +10.1%; YM+, +9.1%; p<0.05). Plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances decreased (46% in YM, 55% in YM+), indicating reduced lipid peroxidation. Although YM+ had higher ferric reducing antioxidant power values and total polyphenol content (TPC), skeletal outcomes did not differ between YM and YM+. TPC and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner: TPC (μg/mL gallic acid equivalent): control 456±43.2; YM, 577±45.0; YM+, 634±44.4; ALP (IU/L): 0.201±0.010; 0.265±0.049; 0.321±0.051. Histomorphometry showed no differences in trabecular volume, thickness, number, or separation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>regular YM consumption improved BMD and vertebral mechanical strength. However, increasing AOC did not enhance additional skeletal benefits, indicating that increased AOC did not translate into additional skeletal benefits under the experimental conditions tested. These findings support YM as a potential dietary strategy to promote bone health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"33 3","pages":"234-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Intake and Bone Microarchitecture Deterioration in Older Men: The Prospective Structure of Aging Men's Bones (STRAMBO) Study.","authors":"Pawel Szulc, Danielle E Whittier, Steven K Boyd, Roland Chapurlat","doi":"10.11005/jbm.25.989","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.25.989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data on the link between alcohol intake and prospectively assessed changes in areal bone mineral density (aBMD) are scarce. Our aim was to assess the association of alcohol intake with bone loss and microarchitectural decline prospectively assessed in older men.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 818 men aged 60 to 87 years, bone microarchitecture was assessed at the distal radius and distal tibia (XtremeCT; Scanco Medical). Areal aBMD was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Inc.). Both were assessed at baseline, then after 4 and 8 years. Linear mixed models were adjusted for age, body mass index, bioavailable 17β-estradiol, osteoprotegerin, parathyroid hormone, Creactive protein and for grip strength (radius) or for the lower limb physical function score (tibia).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, aBMD and bone microarchitecture measures did not differ across the classes of alcohol intake. During the follow-up, aBMD decrease did not vary differently across the classes of alcohol intake. Men drinking 16 to 112 g alcohol per week had the slowest bone microarchitecture decline (reference group). At the distal radius, trabecular BMD (Tb.BMD) and number (Tb.N) decreased faster in men consuming <16 g/week and in men drinking >224 g/week vs. the reference group. At the distal tibia, cortical thickness (Ct.Thd), cortical area (Ct.Ar), reaction force, and failure load decreased faster in men consuming <16 g/week and in men drinking >224 g/week versus the reference group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Moderate alcohol intake is associated with slower bone decline. Very low and higher alcohol intake were associated with faster bone microarchitecture deterioration in older men when assessed prospectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"33 3","pages":"278-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olympic Weightlifting Training Status, Bone Health, and Hormonal Profiles in Pubertal Male Weightlifters.","authors":"Soufiane Kaabi, Sebastian Puschkasch-Möck, Philippe Passelergue","doi":"10.11005/jbm.26.024","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.26.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescence is a critical period for bone mass accrual, and mechanical loading through sport may enhance bone mineral acquisition. Olympic weightlifting provides high-magnitude, weight-bearing stimuli, but evidence in pubertal male athletes remains limited, particularly regarding its associations with endocrine factors related to growth and maturation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 47 pubertal boys aged 13 to 15 years were classified into three groups: controls (N=16), non-elite weightlifters (N=16), and elite weightlifters (N=15). Biological maturation was assessed using Tanner staging. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Serum growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and testosterone concentrations were determined. Annual training exposure (h/year) was calculated as the total number of hours of structured physical activity performed during the preceding 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elite weightlifters were taller and had greater training exposure than non-elite weightlifters and controls. BMD and BMC at whole-body and regional skeletal sites were higher in the trained groups, with the highest values generally observed in elite weightlifters. Elite weightlifters also exhibited higher GH, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and testosterone concentrations than controls. Total lean mass was strongly correlated with total and regional BMD and BMC, while IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and GH were positively associated with several bone outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pubertal male weightlifters, particularly elite athletes, exhibited greater bone mineral status and a more favorable growth-related hormonal profile than age-matched controls. These findings support a positive association between training status, lean mass, and skeletal health during puberty; however, causal inferences are limited by the cross-sectional design.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"33 3","pages":"269-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Clinical Application of Digital Biomarkers for Sarcopenia.","authors":"Hyunbin Kim, Hyeon Su Kim, Bonsang Gu, Shivam Bhola, Jung-Gil Kim, Jun-Il Yoo","doi":"10.11005/jbm.25.1000","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.25.1000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcopenia, the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and function, has become a recognized disease entity with serious health implications. However, traditional diagnostic methods relying on handgrip strength, walking speed, and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry-based muscle mass assessment are limited by subjective components, irregular measurement intervals, and inability to capture muscle quality. This paper comprehensively reviews how digital biomarker technologies including smart watch, smart insoles, surface electromyography, and markerless motion analysis via OpenPose enable objective, continuous, real-world monitoring of sarcopenia. These technologies provide multidimensional insights into muscle strength, physical performance, daily activity patterns, coordination, and fatigue that single-modality assessments cannot achieve. Integration of medical imaging with artificial intelligence-based automatic segmentation models and machine learning-driven multimodal sensor fusion enables construction of personalized digital twin models for surgical planning and rehabilitation optimization. As the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2025 expands the focus to include a lifecourse muscle health framework, there is growing clinical interest in digital biomarkers for their potential to detect early functional changes in real-life settings. While the integration of digital biomarkers as supplementary indicators for sarcopenia is a promising frontier, their formal inclusion in diagnostic criteria will require further standardization of protocols and large-scale clinical validation. While significant challenges remain including lack of standardized protocols, sensor interoperability issues, elderly patient usability concerns, and data security considerations, digital biomarkers hold the potential to transform sarcopenia management from episodic clinical assessment toward continuous, proactive, data-driven personalized care, provided that clinical validation is further established.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"33 3","pages":"223-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Vitamin D Status on Speed, Power, and Sport-Specific Skills in Young Soccer Players Living Above 55° North Latitude.","authors":"Eduard Bezuglov, Elvira Usmanova, Ilsiuiar Anishchenko, Viacheslav Kolesnichenko, Anton Emanov, Mikhail Vinogradov, Timur Vakhidov, Elizaveta Kapralova","doi":"10.11005/jbm.26.022","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.26.022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D is crucial for calcium metabolism, protein and hormone synthesis, and immune response. Deficiency may impair muscle function and athletic performance, but evidence on sport‑specific skills and power remains inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 170 soccer players aged 7-18 from a region above 55°N. In February 2024, serum 25‑hydroxy-vitamin D (25[OH]D) was measured by mass spectrometry, and physical performance tests (sprint, jumps, change‑of‑direction) were conducted. Players were compared by vitamin D status (normal, insufficient, deficient) and by 25th vs. 75th percentiles. Statistical analyses included group comparisons, correlations, and multivariable linear regression adjusted for age, body size, maturation, and supplementation, with false discovery rate correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in performance were found between vitamin D groups, except for broad jump in unadjusted comparisons. Crude correlations were weak. In adjusted regression models, 25(OH)D was not significantly associated with any performance outcome; this was consistent across alternative models and after correction for multiple testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In young soccer players above 55°N, vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were common, but adjusted analyses did not provide robust evidence that 25(OH)D independently influences speed, power, or sport‑specific skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"33 3","pages":"259-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Bone Microarchitecture and Clinical Biomarkers between Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women.","authors":"Tushar Kumar, Swapnajeet Sahoo, Richa Rattan, Vandana Dhiman, Trupti Nagendra, Raman Saini, Sanjay Kumar Bhadada","doi":"10.11005/jbm.25.1011","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.25.1011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To characterize skeletal and metabolic profiles in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), their coexistence (T2DM+osteoporosis), and healthy controls using biochemical markers, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 220 postmenopausal women (60 each in osteoporosis, T2DM, and T2DM+osteoporosis groups; 40 controls). Participants underwent biochemical, endocrine, and hematological profiling, DXA of the spine and hip, and HR-pQCT imaging at the distal radius and tibia. Bone turnover markers (propeptide of type I collagen, C-terminal telopeptide), parathyroid hormone, and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D were assessed. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and correlation analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The osteoporosis and T2DM+osteoporosis groups demonstrated significantly lower areal bone mineral density (BMD), elevated bone turnover markers, and marked deterioration in cortical and trabecular microarchitecture. In contrast, T2DM participants exhibited preserved or higher BMD but showed microarchitectural alterations on HR-pQCT. Significant inverse correlations between DXA and HR-pQCT parameters were observed in osteoporosis and T2DM+osteoporosis groups, whereas such associations were not evident in T2DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Distinct skeletal phenotypes were observed across osteoporosis, T2DM, and T2DM+osteoporosis. HR-pQCT identified structural deficits not captured by DXA, highlighting that microarchitectural assessment may provide additional insights beyond areal BMD; however, these findings are associative and hypothesis-generating.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"33 3","pages":"292-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Health in Breast Cancer Patients: Comparative Evaluation Using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan and High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography.","authors":"Sunaina Kumari, Sabaretnam Mayilvaganan, Sushil Gupta, Manisha Kakaji, Gyan Chand, Anjali Mishra, Gaurav Agarwal","doi":"10.11005/jbm.25.955","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.25.955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoporosis is highly prevalent among Indian women and is further exacerbated by cancer-directed therapies such as chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and radiotherapy. Patients with breast cancer are particularly susceptible to bone loss. While dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) remains the gold standard, it does not assess bone microarchitecture. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) may provide additional insights.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional pilot study was conducted between May and December 2024 at a tertiary care center and included 54 women with breast cancer without bone metastases. Demographic, clinical, and treatment data were recorded. All patients underwent DXA and HR-pQCT scans to assess bone density and microarchitecture. Statistical analysis included subgroup comparisons and concordance testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age was 55.8±11 years, and 65% were postmenopausal. Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positivity rates were 76%, 57%, and 28%, respectively. Osteoporosis was found in 38.2% and osteopenia in 61.8% by DXA. HR-pQCT revealed lower volumetric bone density (0.59±0.07 g/cm³) compared to DXA (0.84±0.16 g/cm³, P<0.01). Microarchitectural deficits were significant in postmenopausal women, chemotherapy recipients, and those on letrozole. Lin's concordance correlation indicated poor agreement between HR-pQCT and DXA (<0.9).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HR-pQCT was superior to DXA in detecting microarchitectural deterioration in women with breast cancer. This pilot study emphasizes the need for larger prospective studies in Indian cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"33 2","pages":"188-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13284590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148277484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Maternal Vitamin D Levels on Offspring Bone Development: Systematic Review.","authors":"Julian Dewantiningrum, Adriyan Pramono, Dwi Pudjonarko, Detty Siti Nurdiati, Wiku Andonotopo","doi":"10.11005/jbm.25.967","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.25.967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal vitamin D is essential for fetal calcium homeostasis and skeletal development. The long-term impact of maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy on offspring bone health remains unclear, especially in populations with high sun exposure yet persistent deficiency. This systematic review synthesizes cohort study on the association between maternal serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25[OH]D) levels during pregnancy and bone outcomes in offspring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 19 cohort studies, comprising 12,835 mother-offspring pairs across diverse geographic regions, were systematically reviewed. Offspring bone health indicators included bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover biomarkers, and fracture risk, assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), quantitative ultrasound (QUS), and biochemical markers. Heterogeneity in vitamin D thresholds, measurement timing, and follow-up duration was noted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings were heterogeneous and often sex-specific. Some studies reported a positive association between higher maternal 25(OH)D levels and increased BMC/BMD, particularly in male offspring. Others showed no significant association after adjusting for maternal and neonatal confounders. Biomarker analyses generally supported an inverse relationship between maternal vitamin D deficiency and fetal bone turnover markers. However, evidence remains inconclusive regarding the benefits of prenatal vitamin D supplementation on long-term skeletal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Maternal vitamin D status appears to influence offspring bone development in a complex and multifactorial manner. Effects may be modified by child sex, timing of deficiency during gestation, and genetic factors. Future studies should prioritize standardized measurement protocols and expand cohort representation in under-researched regions, notably Southeast Asia, to inform public health guidelines and targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"33 2","pages":"113-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13284597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148277514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}