Journal of building engineering最新文献

{"title":"A novel low carbon cuing strategy for developing ultra-low water/binder cementitious materials (ULWC)","authors":"Yuan Feng, Jingjing Zhang, Siyu Wang, Rui Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112198","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a novel microwave-CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> combined curing strategy is proposed and its effect on the hydration kinetics and microstructure development of ultra-low water/binder cementitious materials (ULWC) is evaluated. To be specific, microwave pre-curing is firstly applied to ULWC in its early stage to promote the formation of Ca(OH)<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>, thereby activating carbonation. Subsequently, rapid CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> curing technology is used to further optimize the microstructure of ULWC. Based on this, a detailed evaluation of the macro and micro properties of the newly developed ULWC is conducted. Experimental results show that microwave pre-curing can effectively increase the rate and extent of subsequent carbonation reactions, benefiting ULWC by forming a dense outer layer that enhances durability. Additionally, compared with standard curing the proposed combined curing strategy synergistically promotes the hydration and carbonation reactions of ULWC, increasing the early compressive strength from 56.44 MPa to 79.06 MPa while reducing the CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> emission by 5994g. The practice demonstrates that the proposed combined curing strategy contributes to the production of advanced construction products with high mechanical performance and a low carbon footprint.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of strength of parent concrete on utilization of recycled aggregate concrete: A review","authors":"Yunchun Chen, Chunhong Chen, Zhenyu Cai, Pinghua Zhu, Ronggui Liu, Hui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112187","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve sustainable recycling of recycled aggregate (RA), it is essential to fully understand the inherent “genetic information” embedded in the parent concrete (PC) strength. This study reveals that PC strength has varying effects on the quality and content of residual mortar in recycled aggregates. An increase in PC strength enhances the quality of the residual mortar, which improves the mechanical properties and durability of both RA and recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Additionally, higher PC strength results in increased residual mortar content. Higher mortar content has both positive and negative effects on RA. This higher mortar content increases the water absorption capacity of RA, promoting internal curing in RAC and improving its mechanical performance over time. Conversely, it may reduce the physical properties of RA, increase the porosity of RAC, weaken the interfacial transition zone, and thus lower the mechanical performance of RAC. Additionally, this study systematically analyzes the effects of PC strength on the durability of RAC from both macro and micro perspectives. The findings lay a theoretical foundation for the classification and multi-generation recycling of RA, highlighting the critical role of PC strength in optimizing the performance and quality of RA in concrete applications.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bond and corrosion behavior of steel bar embedded in cracked concrete exposed to marine environment","authors":"Junhao Zhou ,&nbsp;Huaishuai Shang ,&nbsp;Liang Fan ,&nbsp;Zhihua Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Huang ,&nbsp;Yanwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Different marine corrosion zones exposure has various impact on steel bar corrosion and bond properties. In this work, 27 beam specimens were prepared to evaluate the corrosion states and bond properties of steel bar embedded in cracked ordinary performance concrete (OPC), high-performance concrete (HPC) and ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) exposed to artificial simulated marine corrosion zones for 360 days. The corrosion zones include atmospheric zone, water level fluctuation zone and immersion zone. Electrochemical test showed that corrosion rate of steel bar embedded in cracked concrete reduced over time. Steel bars embedded in the same type of cracked concrete corrode most severely in the water level fluctuation zone and least severely in the atmospheric zone. Cracked beam specimens exposed to water level fluctuation zone experience alternating wet/dry cycles, which enhances the capillary adsorption effect and increases the diffusion and penetration of chloride ions. The steel bar resistance of specimens exposed to the same corrosion zone increases as the concrete strength increases. Flexural bond test showed that bond strength of steel bar embedded in cracked concrete increases significantly as the concrete strength increases. The bond strength, bond stiffness, bond ductility and bond toughness showed highest values when specimens exposed to the atmospheric zone, followed by immersion zone, and then the water level fluctuation zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 112190"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-curing strategy of granite waste powder by calcined and alkaline activation: Mechanical and durability properties","authors":"Yu Diao, Dongcheng Zhu, Qingsong Hu, Chu Wang, Haikuo Hu, Lingzhu Zhang, Jianyou Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112214","url":null,"abstract":"To explore the durability of granite waste powder (GWP) based cementing materials and expand the application potential in engineering, this paper applied alkali-activated calcined GWP (AACG) as a cementitious material to achieve GWP-AACG self-curing (GAC). The response surface methodology was used to investigate the effects of the calcined-GWP proportion, calcination temperature, alkali activator modulus, and thermal curing temperature on the strength, water resistance, and long-term durability of GAC. The results show that the four variables have a roughly linear effect on strength, while an optimal interval for water resistance and long-term durability exists. Moreover, increasing the curing temperature could improve the polymerization process, fill the capillary gap, and reduce water absorption. However, the high calcined-GWP proportion and low alkali activator modulus would increase harmful porosity in GAC. Compared to the cracking and disintegration observed in previous studies, GAC within the optimal interval not only maintains structural integrity, but also has a residual strength coefficient of nearly 50 % after-saturation. Its 28 days unconfined compressive strength can reach around 5 MPa and withstand at least 12 wetting-drying cycles. These findings significantly advance the large-scale recycling and utilization of GWP as a geopolymer precursor, demonstrating the material's potential for sustainable construction applications.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on achieving high tensile ductility in 3D-Printable engineered cementitious composites reinforced with 8 mm fibers","authors":"Amir Bakhshi, Muhammad Saeed Zafar, Maryam Hojati","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112196","url":null,"abstract":"This paper delves into the design and formulation of 3D printable Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) mixes, featuring 8 mm fibers, to tackle challenges like nozzle blockage and improve print quality. It explores the mechanical performance of four ECC mixes—S50, FA50, FA40-MK10, and FA40-SF10—by replacing 50 % of cement with mineral admixtures such as slag (S), fly ash (FA), metakaolin (MK), and silica fume (SF), specifically tailored for mold-cast and extrusion-based 3D printing. PolyVinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (PE) fibers were incorporated at different ratios (1.5 % and 2 %). Comprehensive mechanical testing, including compressive, direct tensile, and three-point bending tests, was conducted, considering various parameters' influence, such as different admixtures, fiber types and volumes. The S50 mix demonstrated superior strength and ductility, with 2 % PVA and 2 % PE fibers displaying significantly larger strain capacities than FA50 mixes. Substituting 10 % of FA with MK improved mechanical performance, while SF substitution reduced strength and bending capacity. Ultra-ductile ECC with 8 mm PE fibers, printed with high quality, achieved a strain capacity of up to 11.9 % and a tensile strength of 5.85 MPa, with optimized mixing procedures and viscosity modifier admixture. Analysis of SEM images revealed that ECC mixes with 2 % PE fibers predominantly exhibited pullout failures, whereas those containing 2 % PVA fibers displayed rupture failures. These findings expand possibilities for developing high-quality 3D printable ECC with both high compressive strength and ductility, offering insights for advancing sustainable and resilient construction materials.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"120 10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion mode and spatial performance cross-scale evolution model of concrete box girder bridge in cold regions","authors":"Yinglong Liu, Pengzhen Lin, Chuang Cui, Junjun Ma, Zhigang He","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112194","url":null,"abstract":"To study the spatial degradation mode of concrete box girder bridges in cold regions, scaled models were made to conduct a series of durability tests. Furthermore, to unify with current corde, a new truss structure model for calculating the spatial force transmission of box girders was proposed based on beam element. Combined with a stress-strain constitutive model considering material time-varying, a cross-scale theoretical model of spatial performance evolution was established, and the accuracy of the model was verified by comparing with numerical and experiment values. The results indicate that the degradation mode of concrete box girder bridges in cold regions exhibits significant multidimensional characteristics in space due to spatial geometric construction features, shear lag effects, and freeze-thaw cycles. Among them, the spatial geometric construction characteristics of the large cavity of the box girder result in a maximum difference of 18.11 % in chloride ion concentration variations for the same plate element (top/bottom plate), followed by shear lag effect, leading to a maximum difference of 24.72 %. The difference in spatial corrosion is most significant under the combined action of the three aspects, And the maximum corrosion difference of the same plate element reached 25.39 %. The difference of average chloride ion concentration of the top and bottom plates at the same cross-section is as high as 44.32 %. The existing single-parameter durability design method, which is mainly used for solid cross-section beams, is no longer fully applicable to the box girder structure. The new truss structure model adopts beam theory for spatial force transfer calculation of box girders, which is highly consistent with the finite element stress calculation results based on Shell 63 elements, with a maximum difference of only 0.1 MPa. The cross-scale theoretical model of spatial performance evolution of box girder proposed in this paper accurately predicted the ultimate bearing capacity of corroded test box girder. The stress prediction results under different loading levels are generally consistent with the measured values. The new theoretical model has high accuracy, which can be used for real-time evaluation of the spatial structural performance of concrete box girders.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jute fiber reinforcement for masonry walls: Integrating structural strength and thermal insulation in sustainable upgrades","authors":"Flavio Stochino ,&nbsp;Arnas Majumder ,&nbsp;Andrea Frattolillo ,&nbsp;Monica Valdes ,&nbsp;Enzo Martinelli","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing masonry buildings require appropriate structural and thermal upgrading to meet structural safety and energy efficiency according to the current standards. Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) presents several advantages for masonry strengthening, but the production of man-made fibers is often expensive and environmentally harmful. For this reason, this work reports on the integrated (structural and thermal) upgrading of the hollow-clay brick masonry walls strengthened with jute Natural Fiber (NF) TRM system configured with jute fiber nets, jute fiber diatons and jute fiber composite mortar. The shear strength capacity and ultimate strength of these upgraded masonry walls have been evaluated through in-plane cyclic shear tests, whereas a constant vertical load was applied. Furthermore, the thermal performance of the same upgraded masonry walls has been evaluated through thermal conductance measurement, by using a climate chamber with pre-set environmental (internal/room and external/ambient) conditions.</div><div>Masonry wall specimens were upgraded with NFTRM system package and the package consists of fiber nets (with mesh 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm, one on each side), jute fiber diatons (four), and jute fiber composite mortar (of the combination of 1 % jute fiber with respect to the dry mortar mass and 30 mm fiber length).</div><div>Improvements in both ultimate strength and thermal insulation of the NFTRM-upgraded masonry walls have been observed as part of the integrated (structural and thermal) behavior assessment.</div><div>Due to the application of jute fiber composite layers of the NFTRM system package (jute fiber nets, jute fiber diatons, and jute fiber composite mortar) the overall withstanding load capacity increased by more than 525.00 %, whereas the thermal transmittance value was reduced by 36.05 % (representing the improvement of insulation capacity) when compared with the masonry wall without upgrading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 112210"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the shear performance of the bonding interface between geopolymer concrete and cement concrete","authors":"Xiaoqian Li, Quansheng Sun, Jianfei Li, Yancheng Liu, Hongpeng Sun, Chao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112193","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the mechanical performance of geopolymer concrete as a strengthening material for bridge deck pavement, this study examined the bonding performance between geopolymer concrete and cement concrete through direct shear and inclined shear tests. The influence of section treatment methods, steel fiber volume ratio, and fiber length on bonding performance was considered, leading to the establishment of a bonding strength formula and a bond-slip constitutive model. The results indicate that untreated and grooved sections primarily exhibit bond surface failure, whereas chiseled sections show failure on the cement concrete side. Section treatment method is the most significant factor affecting bonding performance. A volume ratio of 2.5 % for end-hooked steel fibers with a length of 35 mm yields the best improvement in bonding performance. This study derived a theoretical formula for bonding strength and established a bond-slip constitutive model, providing a theoretical basis for the application of geopolymer concrete in bridge deck pavement strengthening.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation on wind loads of planar porous façades","authors":"Guohui Shen, Xinyuan Bao, Jianfeng Yao, Shice Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112199","url":null,"abstract":"Porous façades have been widely used in modern architectural design recently. The flow through and around such porous façades is complicated, and the associated aerodynamic effects thereon remain unclear. Therefore, this paper mainly aims to gain insight into the wind actions on the planar porous façades, which would be affected by various factors, including the porosity ratio, the wind incidence angle, and the surrounding interference. Accordingly, a succession of wind tunnel tests was conducted on nine panels with porosity ratios ranging from 0 % to 74.76 %, which covered the most common porosity. The direct force measurement (DFM) method was employed by using the high-frequency force balance (HFFB) technique to attain the aerodynamic forces on the isolated porous façades and the façades with surrounding interference. Based on the testing results, the porosity reduction factor and the wind load-distribution factor are then calculated and fitted to account for the effects of porosity and wind incidence angle. Results show that the normal force coefficients of the panels decrease with the increase of the porosity ratio and the wind incidence angle, and the maximum coefficients take place for the solid panel when the wind is perpendicular to the façade. The isolated solid panel with an aspect ratio of 0.5 has a nominal drag coefficient of 1.19, while the panel with surrounding interference has a nominal drag coefficient of 1.53. Additionally, the dimensionless bending moment and torsion can be conservatively set at 0.5 and 0.2, respectively, for all test scenarios. The proposed estimating equations for porosity reduction factor and the wind load-distribution factor are in good agreement with the experimental results. The equations would greatly facilitate the determination of the wind loads on planar porous facades.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repair of piers and spandrel masonry assemblies with grouting and FRCM systems: An experimental and analytical study","authors":"Georgios Karanikoloudis ,&nbsp;João B. Serra ,&nbsp;Paulo B. Lourenço","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current work investigates the repair of damaged unreinforced masonry (URM) piers and spandrel assemblies using grouting and Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) systems. Two real-scale brick and lime mortar URM piers and spandrel assemblies were initially subjected to extensive flexural and shear damage from a differential vertical uplift test. Post-damage, one assembly was repaired with a high-performance lime-based grout, while the other received both grout and FRCM. Subsequent retesting demonstrated that both techniques effectively restored in-plane stiffness and shear capacity. The grouted assembly regained the shear capacity of the undamaged specimen, with notable post-cracking stiffness and ductility. The assembly repaired with grout and FRCM showed a significant increase in shear capacity and displacement ductility, exceeding initial values by at least 50 % and 56 %, respectively. The dynamic properties were analyzed using Ambient Vibration Testing (AVT), confirming the improved in-plane stiffness following changes in dynamic properties. The study's results were analyzed with analytical models, accounting for the effect of timber lintels, masonry arches and the FRCM, validating the repairs' effectiveness with high correlation. The results highlight the potential of these techniques for restoring structural integrity in damaged URM structures, with recommendations for further validation on the proposed analytical formulations through additional experimental studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 112192"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}