Journal of building engineering最新文献

Influence of cyclic degradation behaviors in shape memory alloy on the seismic performance of structures 形状记忆合金循环退化行为对结构抗震性能的影响

IF 6.4 2区工程技术

Journal of building engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113461

Wenlang Yuan, Fei Shi, Chao Zhang, Almas Erbolat, Wenchen Lie

{"title":"Influence of cyclic degradation behaviors in shape memory alloy on the seismic performance of structures","authors":"Wenlang Yuan, Fei Shi, Chao Zhang, Almas Erbolat, Wenchen Lie","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113461","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of cyclic degradation in shape memory alloys (SMA) on the seismic performance of SMA-based self-centering steel frames. A novel material model, the Self-centering Model with Cyclic Degradation (SMCD), is proposed to comprehensively capture the cyclic degradation behavior of SMA, including stiffness degradation, strength degradation, and residual strain accumulation. The SMCD model is implemented in OpenSees to enable accurate numerical simulations. To evaluate the influence of these degradation factors on structural seismic performance, sixteen SMA braces steel frames with varying SMCD parameters were designed and modeled. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) was conducted using 22 ground motion records recommended by FEMA P695. The IDA results were further analyzed through a comprehensive assessment framework, including collapse margin ratio, fragility analysis, and probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. The results demonstrate that the SMCD model effectively captures the cyclic degradation behavior of SMA braces. All three degradation factors: strength degradation, stiffness degradation, and residual strain accumulation, were found to significantly influence the seismic performance of the structures. Ignoring cyclic degradation effects of SMA-based self-centering brace leads to an overestimation of structural seismic performance. Specifically, higher degradation levels were associated with a reduced collapse margin ratio, increased fragility probability, and higher annual exceedance probability. This study provides valuable insights for the design and assessment of SMA-based self-centering systems, highlighting the need to account for material degradation to ensure accurate performance predictions.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shaking table tests on the seismic performance of rural row-lock wall masonry structure subjected to mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequence 农村排锁墙砌体结构在主余震序列作用下抗震性能的振动台试验

IF 6.4 2区工程技术

Journal of building engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113460

Guquan Song, Wenyang Zhao, Qiang Zhou

{"title":"Shaking table tests on the seismic performance of rural row-lock wall masonry structure subjected to mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequence","authors":"Guquan Song, Wenyang Zhao, Qiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113460","url":null,"abstract":"The mainshock of an earthquake sequence is usually followed by a series of aftershocks that further aggravate the damage to structures. Row-lock wall masonry structures are widely distributed in rural areas of China, and their seismic performance is poorer than that of solid wall unreinforced masonry structures. To study the seismic performance of row-lock wall masonry structures with the action of a mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequence, two half-scale row-lock wall masonry structure models were made for a shaking table test. One model was unreinforced and the other was confined by the ring beam and the constructional column. The seismic damage characteristics, natural frequency variation, maximum acceleration, and displacement response of each model for the mainshock and aftershock tests were compared and analyzed. The test results showed that the existence of earthquake-resistant constructional measures enhanced the shear strength of the model, limited the propagation range of cracks, and effectively improved the integrity of the earthquake-damaged model. The cumulative damage effect of an aftershock cannot be ignored, and consideration of only the safety of the structure for a mainshock has limitations. When the model was seriously damaged, the cumulative damage effect of the aftershock was more noticeable. The maximum inter-storey displacement for aftershock tests essentially cannot exceed that for the corresponding mainshock tests, indicating that the inter-storey drift is not suitable for evaluating the cumulative damage effect of an aftershock on a row-lock wall masonry structure. The present study can provide a reference for earthquake disaster prevention and reduction in rural areas.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on hybrid ventilation effect of small and medium-sized railway station buildings in different climate regions of China 中国不同气候区中小铁路车站建筑混合通风效果研究

IF 6.4 2区工程技术

Journal of building engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113437

Tianci Shen, Tao Yu, Bo Lei

{"title":"Study on hybrid ventilation effect of small and medium-sized railway station buildings in different climate regions of China","authors":"Tianci Shen, Tao Yu, Bo Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113437","url":null,"abstract":"The hybrid ventilation system, which comprises natural ventilation, mechanical ventilation and air conditioning system, offers significant benefits in terms of indoor thermal comfort and energy saving in railway station buildings. This paper takes typical small and medium-sized railway station buildings as an example, and proposes a hybrid ventilation system control strategy with ventilation switching temperature and enthalpy as control parameters, the effects of hybrid ventilation across five climate regions in China are analyzed by building simulation method. The optimal temperature ranges for switching between natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation, determined by thermal comfort and energy efficiency, are 14 ° C to 16 ° C and 22 ° C to 23 ° C, respectively. Meanwhile, the non-air-conditioning thermal comfort hours and energy saving amount both increases gradually from severe cold region, cold region, hot summer and cold winter region, hot summer and warm winter region to moderate region, with the longest thermal comfort hours of 4736 hours and the highest energy saving potential of 20.6 KWh/m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>·a in moderate region. However, due to the difference of climatic factors and ventilation operation time in each region, the percentage of non-air-conditioning thermal comfort hours and energy saving rate both decreases gradually from moderate region, severe cold region, cold region, hot summer and cold winter region to hot summer and warm winter region, with the lowest percentage of non-air-conditioning thermal comfort hours of 55.1% and the lowest energy saving rate of 11.5 % in hot summer and warm winter region. The application of hybrid ventilation in railway station buildings yields excellent results in China.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EFFECTS ON THE SHEAR BEHAVIOUR OF EXISTING MASONRY WALLS STRENGTHENED WITH ONE-SIDED SFRM COATING 单面SFRM涂层对既有砌体墙体抗剪性能的影响

IF 6.4 2区工程技术

Journal of building engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113373

Riccardo Piazzon, Laura Niero, Paolo Zampieri, Carlo Pellegrino

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of edge distance effects on uplift response in OSB sheathing-to-framing nailed connections using digital image correlation 边缘距离对OSB套管-框架钉接提升响应影响的数字图像相关实验研究

IF 6.4 2区工程技术

Journal of building engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113348

Georgios Tsampras, Richard Zabel, Kaixin Chen

{"title":"Experimental investigation of edge distance effects on uplift response in OSB sheathing-to-framing nailed connections using digital image correlation","authors":"Georgios Tsampras, Richard Zabel, Kaixin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113348","url":null,"abstract":"Nailed connections between Oriented Strand Board (OSB) structural sheathing panels and wood sill plates are commonly used to form panel wall assemblies for light-framed wood buildings in the United States. The structural integrity of light-framed wood buildings depends on the structural performance of OSB sheathing-to-framing nailed connections. This paper characterizes experimentally the effect of the distance between the OSB panel edge and the nails on the uplift response of sheathing-to-framing nailed connections. Four edge distances were considered. Twelve OSB sheathing-to-framing nailed connections were tested to failure. Analysis of the three-dimensional displacement and strain fields computed using state-of-the-art digital image correlation method was performed to provide insights into the force–displacement response, the yield mechanism, the post-yielding response, the failure mechanisms, and the evolution of stiffness of the connections. Reduction of the nail edge distance resulted in a reduced maximum deformation capacity of the sheathing-to-framing nailed connections without affecting significantly the uplift force capacity. The uplift yield force and yield displacement was effectively independent of the edge distance. It is shown that the yield force can be estimated assuming a nail bearing pressure distribution that is justified based on experimental observations. Effectively no strain localization and stiffness degradation was observed up to an uplift force equal to the uplift design force computed using the American National Design Specification. Initiation of non-uniform strain localization was observed at uplift force larger than the yield force of the connections. Two failure modes that depend on the nail edge distance were observed at the end of the tests.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Key drivers of life-cycle carbon emission for residential buildings in cold zone of China: A comparative study of thermal design and morphological design factors 中国寒区居住建筑全生命周期碳排放的主要驱动因素：热设计与形态设计因素的比较研究

IF 6.4 2区工程技术

Journal of building engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113449

Liu Yang, Shuxin Jiang, Yuhao Qiao, Yiyang Ye, Chenhao Wang, Yan Liu

{"title":"Key drivers of life-cycle carbon emission for residential buildings in cold zone of China: A comparative study of thermal design and morphological design factors","authors":"Liu Yang, Shuxin Jiang, Yuhao Qiao, Yiyang Ye, Chenhao Wang, Yan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113449","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing life-cycle carbon emissions (LCCE) from residential buildings is essential for achieving carbon neutrality in the building sector. LCCE arises from operational and embodied carbon emissions, influenced by both thermal design and morphological design factors. It is essential to clarify the key drivers of LCCE to develop effective carbon reduction design strategies. However, previous research often studies these factors in isolation, neglecting their interactions, which limits the promotion of zero-carbon residential building design. This study proposed a research framework to address these limitations based on architectural typology and orthogonal experiment method, which integrates thermal design and morphological design factors. This framework was applied to analyze the key drivers of LCCE for residential buildings in Xi'an, a typical cold zone city in China. 4533 high-quality information data on existing residential buildings were collected. By adopting architectural typology, more than 1500 typologies were obtained. <ce:italic>K</ce:italic>-means clustering was used to refine and obtain 78 prototype buildings. A series of simulations were conducted using the orthogonal experiment method to identify the key factors covering both thermal and morphological aspects. The results showed that plane form (<ce:italic>PF</ce:italic>), exterior wall K-value (<ce:italic>WK</ce:italic>), and transparent envelope K-value (<ce:italic>TK</ce:italic>) are the key drivers, while transparent envelope solar heat gain coefficient (<ce:italic>SHGC</ce:italic>) and building orientation (<ce:italic>BO</ce:italic>) were influencing factors. The above five factors can collectively explain 95 % of the variation in LCCE. Moreover, based on factor importance level and the factor value's carbon reduction contribution, the low-carbon design strategies for residential buildings in cold zone of China were proposed.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of Potential Mitigation Methodologies for Existing Concrete Structures Containing Pyrrhotite-Bearing Aggregates 现有含磁黄铁矿骨料混凝土结构的潜在缓解方法综述

IF 6.4 2区工程技术

Journal of building engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113408

Ashley S. Carey, Stephanie S. Watson

{"title":"Review of Potential Mitigation Methodologies for Existing Concrete Structures Containing Pyrrhotite-Bearing Aggregates","authors":"Ashley S. Carey, Stephanie S. Watson","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113408","url":null,"abstract":"Deterioration of concrete foundations due to pyrrhotite oxidation has led to several studies to better understand its reaction mechanisms, develop methodologies to identify potentially reactive aggregates, and quantify the influence of mixture formulations on potential pyrrhotite oxidation. However, little research has evaluated the potential of sealants that mitigate oxidation of existing foundations known to include pyrrhotite-bearing aggregate that has yet to cause severe deterioration. This paper provides a comprehensive review regarding the potential use of mitigating sealants from three perspectives. First, a general overview of pyrrhotite reaction mechanisms and associated damage in concrete structures is provided. Second, mitigating sealants commonly used to mitigate deleterious reactions in concrete substrates are summarized, and their potential efficacy for mitigating pyrrhotite is discussed. Last, a brief overview of established methodologies for evaluating moisture and gas transport properties of concrete is provided from the perspective of quantifying sealant performance and their potential to be used within a performance-based framework. The findings of this review are envisioned to guide future research efforts toward recommending potential mitigation strategies for existing structures known to contain pyrrhotite-bearing aggregate.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Refined Framework for Energy Disaggregation Using Load-Temperature Plots in Cooling-Dominated Academic Buildings 基于负荷-温度图的制冷型学术建筑能量分解的改进框架

IF 6.4 2区工程技术

Journal of building engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113451

Ko-Hsuan Liao, Shyh-Chang Huang

{"title":"A Refined Framework for Energy Disaggregation Using Load-Temperature Plots in Cooling-Dominated Academic Buildings","authors":"Ko-Hsuan Liao, Shyh-Chang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113451","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces a refined hourly-based Load-Temperature Plot (LTP) framework for disaggregating building energy use into base load (<ce:math altimg=\"si1.svg\"></ce:math>), dynamic operational load (<ce:math altimg=\"si2.svg\"></ce:math>), and cooling-sensitive load. By leveraging a temperature-insensitive zone and defining interpretable metrics—<ce:math altimg=\"si1.svg\"></ce:math> (base load) and <ce:math altimg=\"si3.svg\"></ce:math> (entire operational load)—the framework increases the granularity of energy-use disaggregation. Validated through hourly submeter data, the LTP-based baseline achieved an error rate of 0.72% for total energy use and 3.41% for cooling-sensitive loads. Application to 14 academic buildings revealed strong correlations among <ce:math altimg=\"si1.svg\"></ce:math>, <ce:math altimg=\"si3.svg\"></ce:math>, and Energy Use Intensity (EUI), confirming their reliability for benchmarking energy performance and suggesting scalability to other building types. Moreover, an experimental study focusing on nighttime air-conditioning optimization illustrates the framework’s capacity to guide base load reduction, yielding 13.97% energy savings across daily operations and a 43.1% drop in nighttime base load, all while maintaining essential operations. Overall, the refined LTP framework presents a scalable, actionable tool for energy management, enhancing sustainability and energy efficiency in cooling-dominated contexts.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An investigation on the deterioration behavior of cement paste in CO2-rich water by an LBM-based reactive transport model 基于lbm反应输运模型的水泥浆体在富co2水中劣化行为研究

IF 6.4 2区工程技术

Journal of building engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113456

Kai Li, Pusong Wang, Jianhui Liu, Caijun Shi

{"title":"An investigation on the deterioration behavior of cement paste in CO2-rich water by an LBM-based reactive transport model","authors":"Kai Li, Pusong Wang, Jianhui Liu, Caijun Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113456","url":null,"abstract":"The deterioration process of cement-based materials imme<ce:bold>rsed in CO</ce:bold><ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:bold>2</ce:bold></ce:inf><ce:bold>-rich water is induced by several factors, such as the diffusion of CO</ce:bold><ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:bold>2</ce:bold></ce:inf><ce:bold>and various ions, the reactions between solutes and the dissolution-precipitation of minerals. In order to understand this phenomenon in an efficient way, a new reactive transport model (RTM) is developed in this work, in which lattice Boltzmann method is selected as a solver for solute transport equations. By utilizing this model, both 2D and 3D simulations are conducted and the results show that a reduction in structural dimensionality leads to an underestimated deterioration rate and inhomogeneous mineral distribution. Besides, calculation frequency is proven to be an important parameter for the RTM, which needs to be carefully calibrated to improve computational accuracy and efficiency. The influence of CO</ce:bold><ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:bold>2</ce:bold></ce:inf><ce:bold>-rich water’s composition, temperature and curing age on the specimen’s deterioration process are investigated as well. It is found that increased CO</ce:bold><ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:bold>2</ce:bold></ce:inf><ce:bold>concentration and acidity promote the dissolution of hydration products and the inward movement of calcite precipitation zone, while a reduced temperature hinders the ingress of CO</ce:bold><ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:bold>2</ce:bold></ce:inf><ce:bold>and this results in a decreased deterioration rate. Meanwhile, a significant drop is observed in the porosity of cement paste at a prolonged curing age, resulting in decelerated rates of both carbonation and calcium leaching.</ce:bold>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing High-Water-Resistance Cementitious Materials Using Modified Phosphogypsum Synergy Multiple Solid Wastes with Response Surface Methodology 用响应面法优化改性磷石膏协同多种固体废物的高阻水胶凝材料

IF 6.4 2区工程技术

Journal of building engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113443

Jie OuYang, Qianru He, Xuanzhe Liao, Qiulin Deng, Jing Bai, Yuling Zhang, Faqin Dong, Lianjun Shi, Jinlong Jiang

{"title":"Optimizing High-Water-Resistance Cementitious Materials Using Modified Phosphogypsum Synergy Multiple Solid Wastes with Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Jie OuYang, Qianru He, Xuanzhe Liao, Qiulin Deng, Jing Bai, Yuling Zhang, Faqin Dong, Lianjun Shi, Jinlong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113443","url":null,"abstract":"This study synthesized highly water-resistant composite cementitious materials (HPGCMs) by combining hydrophobically modified phosphogypsum (HM-PG)—produced by milling with sodium silicate and sodium stearate at a specific mass ratio—with cement, slag, and aluminum ash. Orthogonal experiments quantified the significant effects of cement, slag, and aluminum ash within defined compositional ranges, while meticulously optimizing phosphogypsum proportions and water-reducing agent dosage. Material characterization revealed near-identical XRD patterns between HM-PG and regular PG (phosphogypsum), but SEM imaging showed HM-PG possessed a distinctly smoother and finer surface texture. Crucially, water contact angle measurements confirmed effective hydrophobic modification, reaching 113.9°. Multi-objective optimization via Response Surface Methodology (RSM) yielded HPGCMs with exceptional performance: 28-day compressive strength achieved 9.197 MPa, the softening coefficient reached 0.95 (indicating outstanding water resistance retention), and the 1-day water absorption rate was only 9.304% (demonstrating effective early-stage waterproofing). The developed RSM models accurately simulated compressive strength, softening coefficient, and water absorption, with experimental results deviating less than 5% from predicted values, confirming model reliability. Analysis of hydration products and microstructure elucidated the performance enhancement mechanisms. These quantitatively superior properties—high strength, near-perfect softening coefficient, and low water absorption—combined with validated hydrophobic modification and precise optimization, demonstrate HPGCMs' significant potential for waterproof construction material applications.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0