Journal of building engineering最新文献

{"title":"Identifying urban energy-vulnerable areas: a machine learning approach","authors":"Antonio J. Aguilar ,&nbsp;María Fernanda Guerrero-Rivera ,&nbsp;Maria L. de la Hoz-Torres","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Access to energy services is essential for preserving health and well-being. However, energy poverty is a challenge affecting millions of citizens worldwide, which could even worsen due to the predicted severity of climate change. Energy poverty vulnerability and social problems are often linked to energy-inefficient buildings. Thus, identifying energy-inefficient dwellings in energy-vulnerable urban areas is crucial for formulating and implementing effective public policies. Consequently, this study proposes a multidimensional methodological approach to determine these urban areas and support decision-making to develop public policies that can help lift dwellings out of or prevent them from falling into energy poverty. The suggested methodology utilizes public data from existing databases and applies unsupervised machine–learning classification algorithms. Applying such methodology to the case study of Seville identified different clusters of urban areas with similar characteristics, providing key information for creating specific public policies tailored to the needs of each area and community. The study’s findings support Building Renovation Wave strategies to improve energy efficiency in dwellings, define specific policies for access to financial resources for low-income families, and provide personalized support for vulnerable populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 113047"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144177523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air pollution in residential kitchens: Sources, health hazards and control technologies","authors":"Guozhu Li ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Shuai Wang ,&nbsp;Kailiang Huang ,&nbsp;Chong Meng ,&nbsp;Qingqin Wang ,&nbsp;Shui Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the concept of “healthy kitchen” continues to take root deeply in the minds in public consciousness, growing emphasis has been placed on both the health impacts of airborne pollutants in kitchen environments and the control of residential kitchen air pollution. In order to better create a healthy environment in residential kitchens, this paper reviewed and summarized the emission factors of kitchen air pollution sources, health risks associated with long-term and short-term exposure to air pollutants, and control strategies for kitchen air pollution. The results indicated significant variations in pollutant emissions across different fuel types, with solid fuels (e.g., biomass, coal) generating substantially higher emissions compared to cleaner fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and natural gas. Cooking oil fumes (COF) remain poorly mitigated even when range hoods are activated across diverse cooking scenarios. The health hazards posed by pollutants from fuel combustion particularly solid fuel combustion and COF demand serious consideration because of their multifaceted impacts on respiratory, cardiovascular, and carcinogenic risk pathways. Fuel pretreatment, optimized cooking methods and ingredient selection can reduce air pollutants at the source. Despite limited progress in centralized flue systems optimization, intelligent control systems show promise in enhancing fume extraction efficiency. For various make-up air ventilation measures, localized airflow distribution optimization measures, and the application of air purifiers, it is crucial to focus on relevant key parameters, and further experimental and simulation analysis is still required. This study aims to provide references for research on kitchen air pollution control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 113046"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144177526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the contribution of on-site industrialized construction technologies towards industrialization goals","authors":"Shengbin Ma ,&nbsp;Zhongfu Li ,&nbsp;Ruiyan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industrialized construction (IC), encompassing off-site construction (OSC) and on-site industrialized construction (OIC), is pivotal to promoting sustainability in the construction sector. However, existing research in the construction industry has focused predominantly on the advantages of OSC, while overlooking the value of OIC to the broader industrialization of the building sector. In this paper, a systematic evaluation is conducted of key OIC technologies' contributions to industrialization goals (IGs). Through case studies and literature analysis, 8 critical OIC technologies and 7 IGs are identified. An advanced decision-making framework, integrating the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) to analyze IGs interactions and weights, hesitant fuzzy numbers to address evaluation uncertainty, and prospect theory to incorporate psychological preferences, is employed to systematically rank the contributions of OIC technologies. Results indicate: (1) the importance ranking of IGs is: <em>labor saving, efficiency improvement, costs reduction, quality enhancement, resource conservation, safety assurance, and pollution reduction</em>. (2) The ranking of OIC technologies based on their contributions to IGs is: <em>Interspersed construction</em>, <em>High-precision lightweight formwork</em>, <em>Centralized steel bar processing and distribution</em>, <em>Digitization and intelligent assistive technologies</em>, <em>Intelligent self-climbing scaffolds</em>, <em>Ready-mixed concrete and pumping</em>, <em>Full cast-in-situ exterior walls</em>, and <em>Floor water interception systems</em>. This study empirically quantifies the contribution of each OIC technology to key IGs and defines an upgrading direction that enables traditional construction practices toward on-site industrialization, thereby reducing the sector's path dependence on OSC. In addition, it establishes an integrated evaluation framework that helps decision-makers identify and prioritise the most suitable OIC technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 113022"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A performance simulation of the coupled solar wall and earth-air heat exchanger system heating technology","authors":"Qinghua Guo,&nbsp;Peijun Sun,&nbsp;Fei Xia,&nbsp;Ximeng Lv,&nbsp;Sijia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heating constitutes a significant portion of the total energy consumption over a building's life cycle. This is particularly pronounced in rural areas, where winter heating can account for over 50 % of the total energy demand. Consequently, the adoption of green and energy-efficient heating methods is of paramount importance for energy conservation and emission reduction in rural residential buildings. This study proposes an innovative coupled system that integrates a solar wall with ground-buried pipes. The system leverages both the solar heat collection capability of the solar wall and the relatively stable temperature characteristics of the ground-buried pipes to provide indoor space heating during winter. A three-dimensional numerical model was developed using the finite volume method. Full-day operational simulations were conducted under two typical winter meteorological conditions: sunny and cloudy days. The study evaluates the heating performance of the coupled system, its impact on the indoor thermal environment, and analyzes its energy-saving benefits. Results indicate that the coupled system demonstrates significant heat exchange effectiveness during daytime operation. However, under cloudy conditions, the thermal efficiency decreases by approximately 36 % compared to sunny conditions. During nighttime, the system exhibits favorable thermal stability, capable of achieving an indoor temperature increase of approximately 9 °C. These findings offer valuable insights relevant to the fields of renewable energy utilization, building energy conservation and emission reduction, and clean heating retrofitting initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 113023"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization of capacity configuration for district heating and cooling system based on life cycle cost and annual carbon dioxide emissions","authors":"Yucheng Ren ,&nbsp;Zhili Ren ,&nbsp;Gang Zou ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xueqi Xu ,&nbsp;Yimin Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>District heating and cooling (DHC) systems with energy storage are highly promising due to their high economic viability and energy-saving potential. However, inadequate consideration of time-of-use (TOU) pricing, annual load demand variations and control strategies often leads to excessive capacities and low energy efficiency. A multi-objective optimization (MOO) model is established by combining the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and Technique Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method, aiming to minimize life cycle cost (LCC) and annual CO₂ emissions. Taking an office park in Beijing as an example, a comprehensive optimal capacity configuration is obtained from both economic benefits and energy efficiency perspectives. Results indicate that the optimal capacities for solar collectors, gas boiler, electric heating boiler, electric chiller, heat energy storage tank, and cold energy storage tank are 2564 m², 1260 kW, 1350 kW, 1400 kW, 344,386 kW, and 7234 kW, respectively. Compared to configurations individually considering LCC and CO₂ emissions, the optimal scheme reduces CO₂ emissions by 10.75 % and LCC by 1.12 %. Compared to the traditional DHC system without energy storage, the initial investment for the DHC system with energy storage increases by 29.48 %, but the LCC decreases by 52.33 %, annual electricity expenses fall by 57.53 %, and annual CO₂ emissions drop by 49.63 %. This study provides valuable insights for designing the DHC system with energy storage that achieve both high economic efficiency and low CO₂ emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 113038"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An event-triggered stochastic model predictive control of indoor thermal environment for building energy management","authors":"Ning He ,&nbsp;Jiawen Guo ,&nbsp;Yanxin Li ,&nbsp;Yubo Quan ,&nbsp;Shuting Xiong ,&nbsp;Fuan Cheng ,&nbsp;Danlei Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stochastic model predictive control (SMPC) considering randomness constraints for weather characteristics has been widely adopted to achieve energy diminution and human comfort regulation for building energy management (BEM). However, the substantial computational loads involved in solving the complex optimization problem pose a significant challenge to the real-time implementation of SMPC in actual building systems. The event-triggered mechanism (ETM) has exhibited a huge potential that runs optimization only when the pre-specified events occur, contrasting with the time-triggered mechanism (TTM) that triggers at each step causing useless wastage of computational resources. To address this challenge, this paper develops a stochastic event-triggered mechanism (SETM), which determines the triggering instant of the SMPC controller via considering simultaneously current-future states and the inherent randomness of weather. This approach significantly reduces the controller update frequency without degrading the thermal comfort. Besides, the convergence properties of the proposed SET-SMPC strategy are rigorously analyzed, providing theoretical guarantees for closed-loop stability. Finally, the control performance of the suggested SET-SMPC strategy is validated through a real thermal environment variable air volume air conditioning (VAV-AC) system, and the results indicate the superior performance of SET-SMPC. Specifically compared to the MPC, the SET-SMPC and SMPC can reduce 30.08 %–33.3 % and 25 %–33.3 % energy consumption, respectively, and compared to MPC and SMPC strategies employing TTM, the SET-SMPC can reduce 48.1 %–67.6 % computational load while maintaining the comfortable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 113026"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D-printed earth-fiber Envelopes: Optimization of thermal performance and industrial applicability","authors":"Stefanie Rückrich ,&nbsp;Guy Austern ,&nbsp;Ofer Denay ,&nbsp;Paul Seiwert ,&nbsp;Yoav Sterman ,&nbsp;Sürayyn Selvan ,&nbsp;Ezri Tarazi ,&nbsp;Abraham Yezioro ,&nbsp;Yasha J. Grobman","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D printing with earth-based materials is emerging as a sustainable building method; however, challenges remain regarding strength, thermal performance, and both logistical and environmental viability. This study aims to optimize the passive thermal performance and facilitate the industrial applicability of printed envelopes through advanced material and geometric design; implementing a mass-customizable computational toolpath framework, and refining the printing processing parameters. The design approach is guided by experimental exploration and the integration of state-of-the-art knowledge.</div><div>The results present a high-strength material mix with over 55 vol% fiber-content, including fibers several centimeters in length, printed using an 8 mm nozzle outlet. The medium-resolution printing method balances efficiency, shape accuracy, and thermal performance. Mechanical tests showed that small, lab-cast specimens achieved compressive strengths of up to 10.6 MPa, surpassing typical cob-like materials. Likewise, thermal conductivity measurements of approximately 0.35–0.37 W/m·K confirm the material's potential for passive temperature regulation. Furthermore, by segmenting the wall into repeatable yet customizable units and integrating cavities and ventilation channels, the system can be adapted to different building sizes, performance requirements, and assembly methods. Full-scale prototypes were printed to evaluate the applicability in buildings. While load-bearing capacity remains limited, results suggest that 3D-printed earth-fiber walls up to 30 cm thick can achieve simulated U-values of approximately 0.8–0.9 W/m²·K. These findings demonstrate that engineered fiber-earth composites, combined with strategic toolpath design, can enhance both mechanical and thermal performance in earthen construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 113006"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of door-opening events on air exchange rates in naturally ventilated spaces","authors":"Sowoo Park ,&nbsp;Paul Choi ,&nbsp;Doosam Song ,&nbsp;Junemo Koo","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated the effect of unintentional door-opening events on air exchange rates (AERs) in naturally ventilated environments. Using occupant-generated carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a natural tracer gas, we performed experimental measurements in an office setting. We employed the mass-balance approach to estimate AER and CO₂ generation rates, focusing on the influence of intermittent door-opening events caused by occupant movement. We observed significant increases in AER during occupancy periods due to unintentional door opening. The AERs increased by 11.5 %, 15.6 %, 40.5 %, and 41.1 % for one, two, three, and four occupants, respectively. We found a strong positive correlation between the number of people entering or leaving per hour and AERs, indicating that occupant movement through hinged doors is the primary driver of air exchange. These results underscore the critical role of unintentional door-opening events in shaping natural ventilation performance and infiltration dynamics. We rigorously validated our estimation model using tests and independent datasets, which confirmed its high predictive accuracy in compliance with ASTM D5157 standards. Our findings have practical implications for the optimization of demand-controlled ventilation and variable air volume systems. By incorporating dynamic occupancy patterns, these systems can increase energy efficiency while maintaining optimal indoor air quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 113028"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axial compressive performance of full-scale reinforced hollow high strength concrete-filled thin-walled square steel tubular columns","authors":"Zhijian Yang,&nbsp;Weizhe Cui,&nbsp;Xu Li,&nbsp;Mo Liu,&nbsp;Weiqi Cui,&nbsp;Guochang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manufacturing limitations in hollow concrete-filled steel tube (HCFST) structures often lead to significant void ratios, which can result brittle failure after reaching the peak load. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel structural solution: reinforced hollow concrete-filled square steel tubular (RHCFST) columns. These columns integrate the benefits of hollow concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST) and prestressed high-strength concrete (PHC) tubular columns. The research includes experimental testing and finite element simulations on five full-scale, thin-walled RHCFST under axial compression. Experimental results reveal that the column specimens predominantly failed with mid-section buckling, including local buckling of steel tubes and shear or cleavage failures in the sandwich and core concrete. Increasing steel tube wall thickness (e.g., from 5 mm to 8 mm) enhanced peak load by up to 13.66 %, while adding conventional reinforcement increased it by up to 6.97 % and significantly improved post-peak behavior. Finite element analysis conducted on the ABAQUS platform, demonstrated superior composite behavior during loading, with coordinated deformation between the sandwich and core concrete. Internal reinforcement significantly enhanced the mechanical performance of the tubular column. Parametric analysis indicated that for width-to-thickness ratios exceeding 60, additional conventional reinforcement substantially improved the mechanical performance of the members. This study also assessed the applicability of design models from GB 50936–2014, AISC 360–16, and Eurocode 4 in predicting the load capacity of RHCFST short columns. The AISC 360-16 model predicted a high accuracy, with an average prediction ratio of 0.976, and the proposed adjustments to the partial section factors in GB 50936-2014 significantly improved accuracy, achieving average prediction ratios of 0.989.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 113003"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of seismic load resistance for STPU-strengthened masonry wall structure","authors":"Tae-Hee Lee,&nbsp;Jang-Ho Jay Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As seismic activity in Korea increases, concerns over aging masonry structures grow. By 2030, over 62 % of South Korea's buildings will be more than 30 years old, with masonry structures are a dominant structural type in older structures. Due to the low tensile strength of mortar, masonry buildings are highly vulnerable to seismic loads, requiring effective retrofitting and strengthening solutions. This study evaluates the seismic strengthening effects of stiff-type polyurea (STPU) and glass fiber-strengthened polymer (GFRP) on masonry walls through shaking table tests. Three strengthening types were tested: non-strengthened (MWN), STPU-strengthened (MWP2), and hybrid GFRP + STPU-strengthened (MWPF5) specimens. The results show that MWP2 resisted up to 0.8 g PGA, twice the capacity of the non-strengthened specimens (0.4g–0.5 g PGA). The hybrid MWPF5 exhibited the highest seismic resistance, withstanding up to 1.0 g PGA, but also showed increased acceleration, indicating improved structural stiffness and potential brittle failure. The findings confirm that STPU significantly enhances ductility, energy absorption, and seismic resistance, while GFRP further improves structural seismic performance. These strengthening materials offer effective and practical retrofitting solutions for aging masonry structures vulnerable to earthquakes. Further details on the experiments and results are discussed in the paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 112963"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}