Journal of building engineering最新文献

{"title":"Strength monitoring and prediction of blended concrete systems from very early to delayed curing age using embedded piezo sensor data: An experimental and machine learning approach","authors":"Ramesh Gomasa ,&nbsp;Visalakshi Talakokula ,&nbsp;Sri Kalyana Rama Jyosyula ,&nbsp;Tushar Bansal","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete structures form the backbone of modern infrastructure, offering essential support for housing, water management and transportation systems. Effective monitoring of concrete strength development is essential to ensure safety and prevent damage during the construction phase. This study comprehensively evaluated the strength development of three blended concrete systems from very early (1–24 h), early age (1–5 days), later age (6–28 days) and delayed curing age (30–90 days) using an embedded piezo sensor (EPS), along with non-destructive, destructive tests, and a machine learning (ML) approach. The concrete mixtures incorporate fine and coarse aggregates along with Portland pozzolana cement (PPC), concrete enhancer (CE), and slag. Experimental results indicate that concrete prepared with PPC + CE + slag achieves the highest compressive strength, followed by concrete with PPC + CE, while PPC alone exhibits the lowest strength. EPS monitors phase transitions and strength development in blended concrete systems through observable shifts in conductance signatures, offering non-destructive insights into structural changes and strength development. Statistical and equivalent stiffness analysis further confirms the higher strength development in the PSC-C system followed by PC-C and PPC-C systems. Furthermore, various ML models are employed for strength prediction, with the random forest (RF) model demonstrating the highest accuracy of 0.97. Overall, EPS data provides a reliable non-destructive indicator of strength in blended concrete systems, while its integration with ML models enhances strength prediction capabilities. This approach advances the understanding of strength development during the curing process and provides valuable insights for contractors, engineers and researchers in the construction of sustainable concrete structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 112677"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire-insulation properties of recycled aggregate concrete, its application in composite concrete structures, and concrete-concrete interface effects: a review","authors":"Zixuan Chen ,&nbsp;Jianzhuang Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cement-based materials inherently face a conflict between load-bearing capacity and fire resistance. To address this issue, combined using several types of concrete has the potential to improve both mechanical and fire performance. Therefore, this paper focuses on the composite concrete structures, particularly the fire performance of those incorporating recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), and explores their future development. This study considers three main aspects: the properties of RAC, composite concrete structures, and the concrete-concrete interface. The findings indicate that RAC exhibits excellent fire-insulation properties due to its lower thermal conductivity. The use of RAC in composite concrete structures can effectively enhance fire resistance while having a limited impact on mechanics. The bonding properties of discontinuous concrete-concrete interface in composite concrete structures significantly decreases when exposed to elevated temperatures, which may adversely affect structural integrity and requires attention. In summary, this paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the thermal insulation properties of RAC, thereby promoting its application in composite concrete structures and offering a viable approach to enhancing the fire resistance of concrete structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 112681"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-strength mechanisms, carbon sequestration, and phytocompatibility of ecological porous concrete synergistically modified with triethanolamine and nano-silica: Hydration kinetics and microstructural mechanisms","authors":"Yangyi Zhu,&nbsp;Jian Yin,&nbsp;Sijiao Li,&nbsp;Sizhe Liu,&nbsp;Shuai He,&nbsp;Yihao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the specific demands for early-strength materials in ecological slope emergency restoration projects and ecological slope construction in cold regions, this study has developed Ecological Porous Concrete (EPC) with low-alkali characteristics and enhanced early-strength advantages through a synergistic mechanism of alkalinity regulation and strength enhancement. This provides new material support for advancing the ecological restoration technology system within the context of carbon neutrality. In this study, we systematically investigated the influences of triethanolamine (TEA) and nano-silica (NS) on the mechanical properties and CO₂ absorption capacity of EPC cementitious materials. The results indicate that the incorporation of TEA and NS effectively mitigates the issue of reduced early strength in EPC caused by oxalic acid, leading to a significant improvement of 33.3 % in the early mechanical properties. Furthermore, the addition of TEA and NS promotes crystal nucleation and growth during the hydration reaction of EPC cementitious materials, facilitating the transition from the nucleation and growth (NG) process to the impingement (I) process, and enhances the CO₂ sequestration capacity of the EPC cementitious materials. Planting tests demonstrate that the early-strength EPC exhibits excellent vegetation performance, fulfilling the practical needs of the project. These research findings offer robust technical support for accelerating the construction speed of EPC and ensuring project quality. They are of considerable significance in promoting the industrialized application of EPC in green building and ecological restoration fields, particularly in cold region engineering and emergency ecological slope restoration projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 112669"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effect of particle characteristics on the rheological properties of mortar with recycled fine aggregate","authors":"Qi Deng ,&nbsp;Yutong Zhuang ,&nbsp;Ahmed Nasr ,&nbsp;Hengrui Liu ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigates the impact of recycled fine aggregates’ (RFA) particle characteristics on the rheological behavior of mortar mixtures by direct testing, theoretical calculations, and dynamic analysis. First, key parameters of RFA were quantitatively assessed, including time-dependent water absorption, packing density, and particle morphology. The rheological performance of mortar mixtures, containing varying RFA volume fractions and saturation levels, was examined according to these particle properties. Dynamic analysis, based on the relationship between rheological parameters and solid particle content, was employed to determine the dynamic packing fraction of RFA in shear flow. Additionally, the interactions between RFA and cement were considered, and the overall packing fraction of the particle system was evaluated using the compressible packing model (CPM). The results indicate that RFA exhibits high water absorption and rapid absorption kinetics, along with a distinct non-spherical morphology, leading to a low packing density. The water absorption of unsaturated RFA is strongly correlated with the water-to-cement ratio of the paste. Dynamic analysis effectively describes the influence of particle parameters on rheology, with the fitted packing fractions slightly higher than the measured values. The theoretical calculations based on CPM indicate that the packing fraction of the particle system exhibits a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with respect to the volume ratio of RFA to cement (A/C), reaching its peak when A/C is 1.3896. This relationship can be used to rapidly assess the impact of the particle system on the rheological behavior of the mixture. The methodology employed in this study provides new insights into the mix proportion design of cement-based materials and promotes the broader application of RFA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 112673"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the seismic performance of prestressed precast coupled walls with friction coupling beams: experiments and theoretical behaviors","authors":"Yong Zhao, Jingwei Gao, Yong Zhang, Bin Zeng, Chun-Lin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112656","url":null,"abstract":"The improvement of seismic toughness is one of research focuses on coupled shear walls. In this paper, a prestressed precast coupled wall with friction coupling beams (PPCW-FCB) was assembled, in which the prestressed tendons mainly provided lateral resistance and self-centering capability, and the friction coupling beams (FCB) provided energy dissipation capacity. Based on the quasi-static tests of three specimens, the effects of FCBs on the deformation characteristics and seismic performance of PPCW-FCBs were analyzed. The test results showed that after three loadings, only small cracks appeared within the height of the bottom FCB; the friction pads suffered from streak abrasion, but there was no obvious plastic deformation on the bolts and hole wall in the steel plate of FCBs, which was conducive to rapid repair after an earthquake. The FCBs were beneficial to improving the load and seismic performance of prestressed precast coupled walls. In detail, compared with the specimen without FCBs, the initial stiffness and load capacity of PPCW-FCB specimens increased by 196 % and 61 % on average, respectively; the equivalent viscous damping ratio and relative energy dissipation ratio increased by 266 % and 249 % on average, respectively. Based on the key performance points of gap opening, friction start, design state and ultimate state, a theoretical skeleton curve for the load-drift response of PPCW-FCBs was established. The theoretical skeleton curve formed a good envelope for the experimental load-drift responses, where the average deviation between the experimental and theoretical results at design state was only 6.6 %.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ANN-GA optimization method for building clusters based on wind-induced vulnerability","authors":"Bo Chen, Wei Li, Linfei Jiang, Lu Zhang, Yi Hui, Qingshan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112696","url":null,"abstract":"Optimizing the building parameters of low/high-rise building clusters using wind-induced vulnerability (WIV) is valuable for minimizing building envelope damage losses due to strong winds and windborne debris. In general, the building parameters with the minimum WIV from typical scenarios are selected as the optimal ones. However, due to the multitude of parameter variables influencing the WIV of building clusters, such as roof slope, building spacing, building orientation, aerodynamic mitigations, etc., the vast number of parameter scenarios across various wind directions required makes it difficult to determine the optimal building parameters (OBPs) by enumerating the WIV for each scenario. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel artificial neural network (ANN)-genetic algorithm (GA) optimization method based on WIV to efficiently obtain the OBPs of building clusters. This ANN-GA method involves three steps: first, establish an ANN surrogate model to predict extreme wind loads for building clusters with different building parameters; second, perform WIV analysis after incorporating the models for wind-induced roof panel damage and windborne debris damage to windows and considering the uncertainties in wind speed and direction; and third, optimize the building parameters of the building clusters using the GA. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, an optimization case study is conducted for the orientation and spacing of a typical row of three gable-roof buildings. The findings demonstrate that the proposed ANN-GA optimization method can efficiently solve complex multivariable optimization problems of building clusters to find the OBPs and achieve a lower wind-induced economic loss for building clusters. For scenarios with fixed building orientations, the wind-induced loss with the optimal spacing determined using the ANN-GA method is reduced by 59.95 %–88.87 % compared to that with the most unfavorable spacing. Compared to selecting the OBPs from typical scenarios, the ANN-GA optimization method can achieve a further reduction in wind-induced loss by 2.21 %–3.39 %.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of different ventilation strategies for mitigating airborne pathogen transmission in a multi-compartment dental clinic","authors":"Guangpeng Yao, Huijuan Xu, Haiyang Liu, Zhijian Liu, Chuan Jiang, Wenbin Zhuang, Yabin Li, Jia Liu, Junzhou He","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112692","url":null,"abstract":"The potential risk of airborne cross-infection in multi-compartment dental clinics (MCDCs) requires significant attention. Ventilation systems are crucial for preventing airborne pathogens, but the data available for MCDCs are still inadequate. Therefore, this study evaluated the ventilation performance under different ventilation strategies in an MCDC, including different ventilation modes, the relative positions of ventilation openings and the patient treatment zone, and air changes per hour (ACH). Four aspects of airflow distribution, bioaerosol diffusion (deposition/escape rate and removal index (<ce:italic>CRE</ce:italic>)), relative exposure index (<ce:italic>E</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:italic>P</ce:italic></ce:inf>), and fallow time were focused. Ultrasonic scaling experimental data validated the accuracy of the numerical model. The results showed that the DSUR (Down-Supply Up-Return) mode exhibited the best ventilation performance, while the USDR (Up-Supply Down-Return) mode performed poorly due to airflow short-circuiting. In the USUR (Up-Supply Up-Return) mode, the relative positioning of ventilation openings and the patient treatment zone should ensure airflow aligns more consistently with the bioaerosol release direction, promoting quick bioaerosol transport to the outlet as the ACH increases. This boosted the <ce:italic>CRE</ce:italic> from 0.85 to 1.43 and reduced surface deposition. While the <ce:italic>E</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:italic>P</ce:italic></ce:inf> decreased significantly within 30 min post-treatment, an 18-min fallow time remained necessary in the DSUR mode. Bioaerosol control in the DSUR mode at 6 ACH matched or exceeded that of other modes at 12 ACH, demonstrating that optimizing the ventilation mode was more effective for creating a safe environment than simply increasing the ventilation rate. These findings can provide a reference for the ventilation design of MCDCs, promoting a healthier dental care environment.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance of high strength double steel plate concrete composite shear walls","authors":"Bai-Xiang Wang ,&nbsp;Cai-Hua Chen ,&nbsp;Sheng-Yuan Qiu ,&nbsp;Ying-Qi Zhao ,&nbsp;Cui-Kun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the development of high-rise buildings, requirements have been proposed for high resilience, construction efficiency and economic benefits. A double steel plate concrete (DSC) composite structure using high strength material is proposed to provide large bearing capacity and ductility despite the brittleness of the high strength materials. This paper concentrates on the seismic performance of a DSC composite shear wall using high strength steel and high strength concrete. T-shaped stiffeners were adopted to achieve the composite action between the steel plate and concrete. Experiments were conducted on three DSC composite shear walls subjected to axial compressive and lateral cyclic loads. The in-plane flexural behavior of the shear walls including the failure mode, the seismic performance, the deformation, and the strain distribution were analyzed. Then a three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) was established to numerically simulate the behavior of the specimen. The influence of the axial compressive ratio and the spacing of the stiffeners are preliminary investigated by the experiments, and then the results were expanded by the FEM method. Parameter analysis was conducted on the axial compressive ratio, the thickness of the web plate and the thickness of the flange plate. The effectiveness of the in-plane flexural performance of the DSC composite shear wall using high strength steel and high strength concrete is validated. The combination of the high strength steel and high strength concrete exhibited considerable flexural capacity and ductility. It is also found that the concrete in the concealed columns is uniaxially strengthened due to the confinement effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 112694"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of low-lime calcium silicate cement addition on the hydration, carbonation, and microstructural characteristics of OPC pastes by carbonation curing","authors":"Jemal Kedir Adem ,&nbsp;Joonho Seo ,&nbsp;Solmoi Park ,&nbsp;G.M. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-lime calcium silicate cement (CSC) is a promising alternative binder characterized by its non-hydraulic properties and low-lime content, requiring a carbon dioxide-enriched environment for effective curing. In the current study, CSC powder was blended into ordinary Portland cement (OPC) pastes to investigate its impact on phase evolution, microstructural pore characteristics, and strength development. The amount of CSC added to the OPC pastes varied from 0 % to 50 % by weight. For carbonation curing, the concentration of gaseous carbon dioxide was fixed at 20 %. Phase evolution, hydration reactions, carbonation reactions, microstructural pore characteristics, and strength development were analyzed using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), compressive strength testing, and thermodynamic modelling. The analysis indicated an increase in the amount of calcium carbonate due to the consumption of portlandite, calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H), and ettringite under carbonation curing conditions. The reaction of low-lime CSC was observed between one and three days of curing, resulting in a significant increase in calcium carbonate formation. The OPC paste containing 50 % CSC powder demonstrated the highest compressive strength of 45.6 MPa, representing a 75 % increase compared to the pure OPC paste, which achieved a compressive strength of 26.0 MPa after seven days of carbonation curing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 112683"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastic design for knee braced steel frame using performance and mechanism control","authors":"Yanjing Fan, Shaoping Wan, Jianrong Pan, Zhaoqi Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112689","url":null,"abstract":"The knee braced steel frame (KBSF) has seen widespread application in practical engineering due to its minimal spatial requirements and ease of assembly. However, the absence of key research findings regarding the synergistic between knee braces and joints has hindered the accurate calculation of the stress state in structural components. This limitation makes a challenge for the better seismic performance of structures designed using current methodologies. This paper proposed a new design method, referred to as the Plastic Design using Performance and Mechanism Control (PDPMC), for knee braced steel frames, which could control the yield sequence of structural components, ultimately enhancing the seismic performance of the structure. Additionally, a keen braced steel frame was designed using the proposed methodology and subsequently compared with the conventional method known as Performance-Based Plastic Design (PBPD) and Theory of Plastic Mechanism Control (TPMC) to assess its accuracy. The results shows that the designed structure using the PDPMC method will utilize 20.9 % and 21.6 % less steel compared to the PBPD and TPMC methods, respectively. Moreover, the structure designed using the proposed methods exhibits excellent seismic performance. Specifically, the maximum inter-story drift ratios at top-floor drift ratios of 2 % and 4 % are comparable to those designed using PBPD and are 17 % lower than those designed using TPMC. The results of the nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis conducted on structures designed using three different methodologies indicate that all design methods satisfied with the safety requirements under various seismic ground motions. It should be noted that the structures designed using the proposed method demonstrate superior control over maximum displacement and inter-story drift angles compared to those designed with the TPMC, while exhibiting performance comparable to that of structures designed using the PBPD.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}