Journal of building engineering最新文献

{"title":"Research on expansion characteristics of circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag as concrete fine aggregate","authors":"Wenbin Guo, Mingkai Zhou, Yuqiang Liu, Lishun Chen, Xiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111953","url":null,"abstract":"Circulating fluidized bed boiler coal-fired bottom slag (CFBBS) has the potential to be used as fine aggregate for concrete. However, the application of CFBBS in concrete materials poses difficulties due to the risk of volume instability. The expansion and mechanical properties of concretes with CFBBS and machine-made sand are compared in this paper. The XRD, SEM and EDS are used to analysis the hydration products and microscopic morphology of interfacial transition zone (ITZ) in concretes with CFBBS and machine-made sand. The ICP are used to test the dissolution of calcium and sulfur elements from CFBBS with different particle sizes. The results showed that in ITZ of CFB ash-slag concrete, a great deal of ettringite produced due to the rapid dissolution of calcium and sulfur components in CFBBS at the early stage of hydrating process, making the expansion rate of CFB ash-slag concrete higher than that of fly ash machine-made sand concrete. In the later stage of hydration, the anhydrite contained in CFBBS undergoes hydration to generate dihydrate gypsum, which expands in volume and compensates for drying shrinkage. In addition, the structure of CFBBS is loose and porous, and the ettringite and dihydrate gypsum generated by hydration grow crystalline in the interfacial pores, which not only absorbs expansion well, but also improves the microstructure of ITZ and improves the strength of concrete. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the CFBBS application in concrete as fine aggregate.","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision-based recognition and geolocation of colored steel constructions in cities to promote urban management","authors":"Yongjingbang Wu ,&nbsp;Lu Xu ,&nbsp;Donglian Gu ,&nbsp;Ning Zhang ,&nbsp;Zexing Zheng ,&nbsp;Yongjia Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to accurately identify and geolocate colored steel constructions (CSCs) at a city scale addresses critical challenges in urban management, particularly concerning unauthorized and temporary structures that pose safety risks. This study introduces an end-to-end pipeline for recognizing CSC information in cities using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to promote efficient urban management. The proposed pipeline involves several techniques, including UAV-based data acquisition, deep learning-powered image processing, photogrammetry, and map visualization. The pipeline encompasses UAV flight planning, image collection, detection and segmentation of CSCs, and street location visualization, producing comprehensive output regarding the CSC area, distribution density, and precise location. The accuracy level was validated through the ArUco marker-based experiments. Case studies were performed in two real-world cities to test the pipeline, indicating the encouraging accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of the proposed method. Furthermore, the two-stage instance segmentation model developed in this study requires only an object detection dataset for training, which avoids collecting pixel-level mask annotation datasets. Hence, users can easily train object detection models for other objects to replace the model used in this study, thereby facilitating the recognition and localization of other high-risk objects within urban areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 111904"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Living Lab sensing system through Bayesian networks: The preferable working space targeting comfort and productivity","authors":"Veronica Martins Gnecco ,&nbsp;Ioannis Kousis ,&nbsp;Ilaria Pigliautile ,&nbsp;Anna Laura Pisello","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Workplace environmental conditions significantly influence workers' well-being, health, and productivity. The understanding of the interaction between environmental factors across multiple domains can improve occupants' satisfaction and indoor conditions. This study aims to identify optimal office environmental conditions by analysing comfort demands and multi-domain interplay in a dynamic context. A year-long experimental campaign was performed in a Living Lab comprising five offices, monitoring indoor and outdoor environmental parameters and gathering occupants' feedback through surveys. Gaussian Naïve Bayes technique was applied to develop probabilistic models that identified optimal conditions for comfort and satisfaction, including self-perceived productivity as combined effect analysis. Participants showed more acceptability of warmer conditions in cooling seasons. Probabilistic models aligned with the current standards, indicating optimal temperatures of 22°C-24 °C for heating seasons and 23°C-24 °C for cooling seasons. Visual comfort was affected by the balance of natural and artificial light, with higher visual discomfort when the former was limited during cooling seasons. Temperatures higher than 22 °C demonstrated increased “stale air” discomfort, potentially linked to respiration and sweating, even without elevated CO₂ levels. Self-perceived productivity decreased in temperatures higher than 24 °C and CO₂ concentrations exceeding 800 ppm. Other factors and more comprehensive measurements, together with monitoring of physiological signals should be included in future studies, allowing the creation of guidelines for more comfortable office places. These findings offer valuable insights for enhancing workplace human-centric standards and regulations globally. They have the potential to shape policies that foster more sustainable productive environments for workers’ wellbeing worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 111913"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A failure criterion of bond strength of corroded steel bars based on plasticity and limit analysis of concrete and the prediction model of shear capacity of beams based on CSCT and MCFT theories","authors":"Pinghua Zhu ,&nbsp;Jiamin Liu ,&nbsp;Binbin Zhou ,&nbsp;Xinjie Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Liu ,&nbsp;Chunhong Chen ,&nbsp;Bo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corrosion can severely impair the bond strength between steel reinforcement and concrete, compromising the structural integrity and safety of concrete elements. Current models for assessing the bond strength of corroded steel bars primarily focus on the extent of corrosion. Most of these models are based on the results fitted by experiments, ignoring the influence of concrete cracking and steel surface characteristics on the bonding performance. This paper explores the implications of concrete crack roughness and the characteristics of steel surfaces on force transfer at the crack interface, informed by the principles of plasticity theory. A novel failure criterion is proposed to better estimate bond strength in corroded steel bars embedded within cracked concrete. Based on the Critical Shear Crack Theory (CSCT) and the Modified Compression Field Theory (MCFT), this study proposes a shear capacity model for corroded beams. In previous models, the stirrup was assumed to yield; however, in cases of significant corrosion, the stirrup did not yield even when the structure failed. The proposed approach in this paper accounts for the behavior of concrete in its fractured state post-corrosion and the actual stress levels in stirrups after corrosion. Comparative analyses indicate that the proposed model demonstrates higher accuracy than other models currently available.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 111903"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined effects of stooped posture and limited visibility on pedestrian evacuation in building corridors","authors":"Maoyu Li ,&nbsp;Zhizuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Nan Jiang ,&nbsp;Hanchen Yu ,&nbsp;Jixin Shi ,&nbsp;Lizhong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The acceleration of urbanization has led to more complex building structures, bringing new challenges for emergency evacuations. In accidents like fire or gas attacks, the evacuation environment becomes particularly harsh, with limited visibility and height restrictions due to the smoke layer, forcing individuals to adopt abnormal walking postures like stooping. The combined effects of stooped posture and limited visibility complicate crowd movement characteristics during evacuations and bring adverse effects to evacuation. However, the pedestrian evacuation dynamics under these conditions are still unclear. Therefore, this study focuses on the movement characteristics of pedestrian evacuation in building corridor under stooped posture and limited visibility to assess their evacuation performance. The results show a piecewise descending trend between speed differences and density relation in building corridor. In the relatively free phase (<em>ρ</em> &lt; 1.7 ped/m²), stooped pedestrians move slower under limited visibility compared to normal visibility, with speed showing less variation as density increases. Additionally, under stooped posture and limited visibility, pedestrians exhibit greater tolerance to density, resulting in a higher density for peak flow. From a temporal-spatial perspective, stooped posture and limited visibility cause pedestrians to maintain shorter headways at low density, while also reducing their adaptability and sensitivity to headway changes. These findings can provide guidance for crowd emergency evacuation within the building corridor, which is crucial for developing effective evacuation strategies and enhancing crowd emergency management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 111921"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the mechanical behavior of the exterior wall of old masonry structures with the integration of reinforcement and insulation","authors":"Yuanqi Yang ,&nbsp;Yuepeng Wu ,&nbsp;Shuchun Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuanzhou Wu ,&nbsp;Henglin Lv ,&nbsp;Mingming Zhang ,&nbsp;Xing Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reinforcement has high requirements in terms of efficiency, and rapid reinforcement reduces the impact on people's travel. A masonry structure is a relatively common structural form, but many masonry structures lack insulation systems, so this work systematically studied the integration of thermal insulation. In this test, two comparison components and two grouting and reinforcement components were prepared for the axial compression test and quasi-static test. In terms of materials, to ensure the accuracy of the test, this work selects old sintered bricks of the same era. In terms of the strength of the mortar, weakening was performed. The test results show that in the axial compression test, the peak load of axial compression increased by 80 %, and the energy consumption increased by nearly 800 %. In the seismic test, the displacement increased by 108 %, and the energy dissipation capacity of the specimen increased by 110.5 %. Thus, when an earthquake strikes, the masonry structure can absorb more energy. In numerical simulations, the use of separate and integral modeling can ensure the model convergence and accurately reflect the failure of cracks. The model results show that the load displacement curve is similar to the test value in terms of axial compression. In the quasi-static test, the stress contours, skeleton curves, and failure phenomena obtained are close to the test values, and the error is approximately 5 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 111902"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of single and combined use of base isolator and fluid viscous damper on seismic performance in a conventional RC building with torsional irregularity","authors":"Esra Ozer ,&nbsp;Mehmet Inel","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of fluid viscous damper (FVD), lead rubber bearing (LRB) and friction pendulum slider (FPS) used both separately and in combination on seismic performance of a mid-rise reinforced concrete building with torsional irregularity. Three earthquake levels were used corresponding to frequent, design and rare earthquake ground motions. 528 different bi-directional nonlinear history analyses of 3-D 5-story building models were performed. Each earthquake level was represented using 11 spectrum-compatible ground motion record pairs. Nonlinear behavior of structural members, base isolators and fluid viscous dampers was considered in the models with torsional irregularity. The roof drift ratios, inter story drift ratios, absolute acceleration profiles and torsion irregularity coefficient values and plastic damage states were compared for seismic performance evaluation. When passive systems were added to the model, seismic performances improved as expected and torsional irregularity was largely eliminated compared to the fixed-base model. Although using only FVD improved seismic performance less than using only base isolators, it should be noted that FVDs used in different numbers and configurations may change the results. The findings underscore the benefits of combined damping systems, particularly FPS and FVD in mitigating torsional effects and enhancing overall structural performance. Compared to the fixed-base model, RDR, IDR and maximum acceleration demands in this model decreased at least by 91.2 %, 74.7 % and 80.3 %, respectively. Besides, it was concluded that using a limited number of ground motion records may lead to misleading results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 111898"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Information Technologies for High-precision Quality Control in Building Engineering","authors":"Clyde Zhengdao Li ,&nbsp;Jia Zeng ,&nbsp;Vivian WY. Tam ,&nbsp;Hengqin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quality problems emerge in various stages of the building lifecycle. Traditional quality control methods are often inefficient and costly, which are misaligned with building goals due to their manual, time-intensive, labor-intensive, and error-prone processes. Advanced information technologies (AIT) have attracted significant attention for enabling high-precision quality control (HPQC) by providing accurate, real-time data. AIT shows promise for implementing automated HPQC in building engineering, yet a comprehensive overview of AIT applications in building quality control remains lacking, limiting the advancement of quality control methods and technologies. This study aims to provide a systematic review of AIT applications in HPQC for the building sector from 2012 to 2023, employing both bibliometric and qualitative analysis. A total of 172 papers were analyzed for bibliometric and qualitative discussion to identify research trends and challenges. Bibliometric analysis revealed three main clusters: “HPQC equipment”, “specific technologies”, and “quality problems”. These clusters were further examined through qualitative analysis, yielding insights into research gaps and areas for improvement. Finally, five future research directions are proposed to guide the development of automated HPQC methods. The findings provide actionable insights for stakeholders to enhance early-stage quality control, reduce quality rework, and improve overall efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 111918"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change impacts on future thermal energy demands and indoor comfort of a modular residential building across different climate zones","authors":"Azziz Chetouni ,&nbsp;Samir Idrissi Kaitouni ,&nbsp;Abdelmajid Jamil","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 2024 Moroccan census identified single-family houses as one of the most widespread building archetypes, making it necessary to study their future thermal energy demand and comfort conditions. Additionally, in the era of digitalization, modular construction is rapidly emerging as an efficient alternative to traditional on-site construction worldwide. Yet, a literature review reveals a significant gap in research addressing these aspects, particularly under future climate scenarios; worse still, most studies have focused on developed countries. To this end, this study assesses the climate change impact on the thermal energy requirements and indoor comfort conditions of a modular single-family home across the six climate zones of Morocco. The investigation considers both current climate conditions and future projections for the year 2050, based on two Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios: RCPs 4.5 and 8.5. The findings suggest that Morocco will experience rising ambient temperatures due to global warming, leading to an increase in cooling demand by 25.5–44.3 % under RCP 4.5 and 37–54.5 % under RCP 8.5. Conversely, heating energy requirements are expected to decrease by 23.5–36 % under RCP 4.5 and by 30.6–48.9 % under RCP 8.5, with variations across the country's different climate zones. Furthermore, Overheat Hours (OHs) are projected to rise by 8.5–16.8 % under RCP 4.5 and by 11.5–20.5 % under RCP 8.5, compared to current climate conditions based on static comfort evaluation. When considering adaptive comfort evaluation, OHs are expected to increase by 8.1–22.7 % under RCP 4.5 and by 17.8–26.3 % under RCP 8.5. Interestingly, the simulation results reveal that natural ventilation remains an effective passive design strategy that reduces OHs under both present-day and future climate change conditions. Lastly, extreme heatwave events, projected to worsen under climate change, will cause daytime temperature increases of up to 2.7 °C and nighttime temperature rises of up to 3.4 °C. These events pose significant health risks by generating non-livable indoor temperatures that could persist for over three days in the investigated cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 111927"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smooth poly-hypar membrane structure: A strut-and-membrane system based on combinations of hyperbolic paraboloids","authors":"Ting Cao ,&nbsp;Zongshuai Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an innovative form-making method for membrane structures by combing hyperbolic paraboloid modules with G¹ continuity. The approach generates equilibrium forms with mainly axial forces by adhering to specific predefined geometric constraints, offering a detailed depiction of internal force distributions utilizing graphic statics, simplifying the calculation of structural behaviour both in the initial self-stressed state and under external loads. This paper introduces the two fundamental prototypes and outlines the form-making strategies for creating smooth poly-hypar surfaces for various design options based on these prototypes. It also showcases a practical application of this innovative structural system through an experimental project, the Hypar Umbrella. This project illustrates the aesthetic, structural, and fabrication advantages of smooth poly-hypar membrane structures. The prototype was designed with several standard components and identical joints, facilitating its low-tech manufacturing feature. The internal forces calculated by graphic statics is validated by a refined finite element (FE) model. Finally, physical loading tests and FE simulations were carried out to verify the load-bearing capacity of this structural system, indicating its potential for future applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of building engineering","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 111897"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143359564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}