Journal of Biomedical Research最新文献

{"title":"Helminth-derived molecules: pathogenic and pharmacopeial roles.","authors":"Yu Zhang, Chunxiang Shen, Xinyi Zhu, Chiuan Yee Leow, Minjun Ji, Zhipeng Xu","doi":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240177","DOIUrl":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasitic helminths, taxonomically comprising trematodes, cestodes, and nematodes, are multicellular invertebrates widely disseminated in nature and have afflicted people continuously for a long time. Helminths play potent roles in the host through generating a variety of novel molecules, including some excretory/secretory products and others that are involved in intracellular material exchange and information transfer as well as the initiation or stimulation of immune and metabolic activation. The helminth-derived molecules have developed powerful and diverse immunosuppressive effects to achieve immune evasion for parasite survival and establish chronic infections. However, they also improve autoimmune and allergic inflammatory responses and promote metabolic homeostasis by promoting metabolic reprogramming of various immune functions, and then inducing alternatively activated macrophages, T helper 2 cells, and regulatory T cells-mediated immune responses. Therefore, a deeper exploration of the immunopathogenic mechanism and immune regulatory mechanisms of helminth-derived molecules exerted in the host is crucial for understanding host-helminth interactions as well as the development of therapeutic drugs for infectious or non-infectious diseases. In this review, we focus on the properties of helminth-derived molecules to give an overview of the most recent scientific knowledge about their pathogenic and pharmacopeial roles in immune-metabolic homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of perioperative factors in the prognosis of cancer patients: A coin has two sides.","authors":"Yingzhou Tu, Sen Wang, Haoran Wang, Peiyao Zhang, Mengyu Wang, Cunming Liu, Chun Yang, Riyue Jiang","doi":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240164","DOIUrl":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer, the second leading cause of mortality globally, poses a significant health challenge. The conventional treatment for solid tumors involves surgical intervention, followed by chemo- and radio-therapies as well as target therapies, but the recurrence and metastasis of cancers remain a major issue. Anesthesia is essential for ensuring patient comfort and safety during surgical procedures. Despite its crucial role during the surgery, the precise effect of anesthesia on cancer patient outcomes is not clearly understood. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the various anesthesia strategies used in the perioperative care of cancer patients and their potential effects on patients' prognosis, but understanding the complex relationship between anesthesia and cancer outcomes is crucial, given the complexity in cancer treaments. Examining potential implications of anesthesia strategies on cancer patient prognosis may help better understand treatment efficacy and risk factors of cancer recurrence and metastasis. Through a detailed analysis of anesthesia practices in cancer surgery, this review aims to provide insights that may lead to improving the existing anesthesia protocols and ultimately reduce risk factors for patient outcomes in the field of oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the mass balance, biotransformation, and safety of [ ¹⁴C]IBI351 in healthy Chinese subjects.","authors":"Shuaishuai Wang, Wen Lin, Bilal Ahmed, Tianqi Zhong, Jun Zhao, Lijun Xie, Hao Feng, Juan Chen, Chen Zhang, Peng Yan, Shirui Zheng, Lingge Cheng, Yipeng Cheng, Bei Zhu, Feng Han, Lulu Zhang, Chen Zhou","doi":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.38.20240254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IBI351, a synthetic compound, exerts its anti-tumor effects by specifically, covalently, and irreversibly modifying the 12th cysteine residue of KRAS G12C. However, the pharmacokinetic characteristics of IBI351 in the human body have not been reported. The current study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics and safety of IBI351 in healthy Chinese male subjects. A single oral dose of 600 mg/150 μCi [ ¹⁴C]IBI351 was administered to six healthy male subjects. Blood, urine, and fecal samples were collected at continuous time points to analyze the levels of IBI351 parent drug and its metabolites. We found that IBI351 showed favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics, and was well tolerated in all the six participants. In addition, 17 major metabolites of IBI351 were analyzed and identified in the blood, urine, and feces. The main metabolic pathways included oxidation, hydrogenation, sulfonate conjugation, glucuronide conjugation, and cysteine conjugation. IBI351 and its metabolites were primarily excreted through feces. Taken together, this is the first study on the metabolism and safety of IBI351 in Chinese subjects, and these findings may guide future clinical development of IBI351 as a novel anti-tumor drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142466153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular evolution of intestinal-type early gastric cancer according to Correa cascade.","authors":"Fangyuan Li, Yaohui Wang, Xiaochun Ping, Jiani C Yin, Fufeng Wang, Xian Zhang, Xiang Li, Jing Zhai, Lizong Shen","doi":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.38.20240118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early screening is crucial for the prevention of intestinal-type gastric cancer. The objective of the current study was to ascertain molecular evolution of intestinal-type gastric cancer according to the Correa cascade for the precise gastric cancer screening. We collected sequential lesions of the Correa cascade in the formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded endoscopic submucosal dissection-resected specimens from 14 Chinese patients by microdissection, and subsequently determined the profiles of somatic aberrations during gastric carcinogenesis using the whole exome sequencing, identifying multiple variants at different Correa stages. The results showed that <i>TP53</i>, <i>PCLO</i>, and <i>PRKDC</i> were the most frequently mutated genes in the early gastric cancer (EGC). A high frequency of <i>TP53</i> alterations was found in low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), which further increased in high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) and EGC. Intestinal metaplasia (IM) had no significant correlation with EGC in terms of mutational spectra, whereas both LGIN and HGIN showed higher genomic similarities to EGC, compared with IM. Based on Jaccard similarity coefficients, three evolutionary models were further constructed, and most patients showed linear progression from LGIN to HGIN, ultimately resulting in EGC. The ECM-receptor interaction pathway was revealed to be involved in the linear evolution. Additionally, the retrospective validation study of 39 patients diagnosed with LGIN indicated that <i>PRKDC</i> mutations, in addition to <i>TP53</i> mutations, may drive LGIN progression to HGIN or EGC. In conclusion, the current study unveils the genomic evolution across the Correa cascade of intestinal-type gastric cancer, elucidates the underlying molecular mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis, and provides some evidence for potential personalized gastric cancer surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the persistent gap: The ongoing challenge of integrating sex and gender in biomedical research.","authors":"Janet Delgado, Mónica Cano Abadía, Kaya Akyüz, Melanie Goisauf, David Rodríguez-Arias","doi":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240157","DOIUrl":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"18-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variants and mRNA expression levels of <i>KLF4</i> and <i>KLF5</i> with hypertension: A combination of case-control study and cohort study.","authors":"Xu Han, Wen Li, Changying Chen, Jiahui Liu, Junxiang Sun, Feifan Wang, Chao Wang, Jialing Mu, Xincheng Gu, Fangyuan Liu, Hankun Xie, Song Yang, Chong Shen","doi":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240208","DOIUrl":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension (HT) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are important transcription factors in eukaryotes. Studies have reported that KLF4 and KLF5 are correlated with several cardiovascular diseases, but population-based studies on associations between HT and KLF4 or KLF5 have rarely been reported. Therefore, the current study investigated the associations of genetic variants and mRNA expression levels of <i>KLF4</i> and <i>KLF5</i> with HT, as well as the effects of antihypertensive drugs on the expression levels of these genes. The associations of one single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in <i>KLF4</i> and three SNPs in <i>KLF5</i> with HT were analyzed using a combination of case-control and cohort studies. The study populations were selected from a community-based cohort in four regions of Jiangsu province. The risks of HT were estimated through logistic and Cox regression analyses. In addition, mRNA expression levels of <i>KLF4</i> and <i>KLF5</i> were detected in 246 controls and 385 HT cases selected from the aforementioned cohort. Among the HT cases, 263 were not taking antihypertensive drugs [AHD(-)] and 122 were taking antihypertensive drugs [AHD(+)]. In the case-control study, SNP rs9573096 (C>T) in <i>KLF5</i> was significantly associated with an increased risk of HT in the additive model (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.106; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.009 to 1.212). In the cohort study of the normotensive population, rs9573096 in <i>KLF5</i> was also significantly associated with an increased risk of HT in the additive model (adjusted hazards ratio [HR], 1.199; 95% CI, 1.070 to 1.344). <i>KLF4</i> and <i>KLF5</i> mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in the AHD(-) group than in the control group ( <i>P</i> < 0.05), but lower in the AHD(+) group than in the AHD(-) group ( <i>P</i> < 0.05). The current study demonstrated the associations of <i>KLF4</i> and <i>KLF5</i> genetic variants with hypertension, as well as the association of the indicative variations in mRNA expression levels of <i>KLF4</i> and <i>KLF5</i> with the risk of hypertension and antihypertensive treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"103-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extinction of influenza B Yamagata: Its impact on public health and vaccine implications.","authors":"Muhammad Awais Ashraf, Muhammad Asif Raza, Muhammad Nabeel Amjad","doi":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240158","DOIUrl":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted therapy outcomes in acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau: a systematic review.","authors":"ChaoJing Zhou, YiYun Hou, YuFei Wang, JiLiang Lu, YaMei Gao, ZhiQiang Yin","doi":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240090","DOIUrl":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Buccal DNA global methylation and cognitive performance in stunted children under 5 years of age.","authors":"Ahmad Rusdan Handoyo Utomo, Yusnita Yusnita, Siti Maulidya Sari, Octaviani Indrasari Ranakusuma, Sunu Bagaskara, Wening Sari, Yulia Suciati, Anggi Puspa Nur Hidayati, Silviatun Nihayah, Catur Anggono Putro, Neni Nurainy","doi":"10.7555/JBR.37.20230295","DOIUrl":"10.7555/JBR.37.20230295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children under five years of age is about 20%. Chronic maternal malnutrition contributes to the risk of stunting by affecting global DNA methylation. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the levels of 5-methyl-cytosine (5mC), as a surrogate marker of global DNA methylation, in buccal swabs and its potential association with risk of stunting and cognitive performance. The levels of 5mC were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence was used to measure cognitive functions. Buccal swab DNA samples and anthropometric data were collected from a total of 231 children aged zero to five years. In this cross-sectional cohort, the prevalence of stunting was 37% in 138 children aged zero to two years and 30% in 93 children aged > two years. The univariable analysis revealed that the levels of 5mC in buccal swab DNA were significantly lower in severely stunted children (median, 2.84; interquartile range [IQR], 2.39-4.62; <i>P</i>-value, 0.0314) and in children of a younger age (median, 2.81; IQR 2.53-4.62, <i>P-</i>value, 0.0001) than in normal (median, 3.75; IQR, 2.80-4.74) and older children (median, 4.01, IQR, 3.39-4.87), respectively. We also found that the average cognitive scores tended to be low in boys and stunted children, although the differences were not statistically significant. Furthermore, levels of 5mC found in buccal and mouthwash DNA were not associated with cognitive scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Crocus</i> <i>sativus</i> (Saffron): A potential multifunctional therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative disorders.","authors":"M R Khazdair","doi":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240131","DOIUrl":"10.7555/JBR.38.20240131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"114-116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}