Journal of Biomedical Research最新文献

{"title":"A pilot study of the relative number of circulating tumor cells and leukocytes containing actin-binding proteins in head and neck cancer patients.","authors":"Gelena Kakurina,&nbsp;Marina Stakheeva,&nbsp;Elena Sereda,&nbsp;Evgenia Sidenko,&nbsp;Olga Cheremisina,&nbsp;Evgeny Choinzonov,&nbsp;Irina Kondakova","doi":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.36.20220182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play an important role in tumor metastases, which is positively correlated with an increased risk of death. Actin-binding proteins, including cofilin (CFL1), profilin 1 (PFN1), and adenylate cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1), are thought to be involved in tumor cell motility and metastasis, specifically in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, currently, there are no published studies on CFL1, PFN1, and CAP1 in CTCs and leukocytes in HNSCC patients. We assessed serum levels of CFL1, PFN1, and CAP1 and the number of CTCs and leukocytes containing these proteins in blood from 31 HNSCC patients (T1-4N0-2M0). The analysis used flow cytometry and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. We found that CAP1 ⁺ CTCs and CAP1 ⁺ leukocyte subpopulations were prevalent in these HNSCC patient samples, while the prevalence rates of CFL1 ⁺ and PFN1 ⁺ CTCs were relatively low. Patients with stage T2-4N1-2M0 had CFL1 ⁺ and PFN1 ⁺ CTCs with an elevated PFN1 serum level, compared with the T1-3N0M0 group. In summary, the PFN1 serum level and the relative number of PFN1 ⁺CD326 ⁺ CTCs could be valuable prognostic markers for HNSCC metastases. The current study is the first to obtain data regarding the contents of actin-binding proteins (ABPs) in CTCs, and leukocytes in blood from HNSCC patients. This is also the first to assess the relationship between the number of CTCs subgroups and disease characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"37 3","pages":"213-224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10226087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9545426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of AKT isoforms in non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Sahil Khurana,&nbsp;Ajay Pal Singh,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar,&nbsp;Rajeev Nema","doi":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.36.20220138","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world and has a high mortality rate. Lung cancer patients often have a poor prognosis, with a five-year survival rate of only about 16%. The International Agency for Research on Cancer reports that lung cancer was the main cause of cancer deaths in 2020, accounting for 1.80 million deaths. Due to the dismal overall prognosis of lung cancer, there is an urgent need to develop accurate and effective diagnostic tests that target specifically early oncogenic pathways in lung cancer patients to improve their prognosis. The two principal types of lung cancer are small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), with NSCLC accounting for around 85% of all lung malignancies[1]. The region frequency and prevalence of the lung disease are controlled by both genotypic and phenotypic exposures. An accurate lung cancer diagnosis is essential for the patient's better survival for two main reasons: appropriate drug selection and effective treatment prediction. Histopathological diagnosis depends on cell shape and the nucleus-to-cytoplasm size ratio to distinguish SCLC from NSCLC. Surgical resection, aggressive or palliative radiation, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy are frequently used to treat lung cancer. In the modern era, gene-targeted treatments against tyrosine kinase inhibitors and antibodies against mutations in driver genes for lung cancer are being developed. Several mutations have been shown to be the most common in lung cancer. For example, mutations in the K-ras proto-oncogene cause 10% to 30% of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), while epidermal growth factor receptor mutations are more frequent in squamous cell lung cancer (SqCLC)[2]. Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM plotter) database (http://kmplot.com/analysis/) is a commonly used database for the real-time meta-analysis of published lung cancer microarray datasets to find survival biomarkers[3]. In a number of malignancies, the KM plotter has also been used to discover genes that may serve as possible prognostic indicators for postprogression survival (PPS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS)[3]. Many human malignancies, including lung cancer, have activated and overexpressed AKT isoforms[4]. AKT2 inhibition aids in the suppression of LUAD cell proliferation and colony expansion. Therefore, the significance of AKT isoforms in the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer was investigated in the current study. The association between gene specific mRNA expression and OS was analyzed by the KM plotter. Currently, gene expression and survival data from 1927 patients with a follow-up period of 20 years are available. Gene names of AKT isoforms (i.e., AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3) were entered into the KM plotter database to obtain survival plots. The association between mRNA expression levels of different AKT isoforms and the established clinicopathological features was studied. The patient data were linked t","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"37 3","pages":"225-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10226088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9543966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of an adaptation to hypoxia on cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion.","authors":"Natalia V Naryzhnaya, Leonid N Maslov, Ivan A Derkachev, Huijie Ma, Yi Zhang, N Rajendra Prasad, Nirmal Singh, Feng Fu, Jianming Pei, Akpay Sarybaev, Akylbek Sydykov","doi":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220125","DOIUrl":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and sudden cardiac death (SCD), both associated with acute cardiac ischemia, are one of the leading causes of adult death in economically developed countries. The development of new approaches for the treatment and prevention of AMI and SCD remains the highest priority for medicine. A study on the cardiovascular effects of chronic hypoxia (CH) may contribute to the development of these methods. Chronic hypoxia exerts both positive and adverse effects. The positive effects are the infarct-reducing, vasoprotective, and antiarrhythmic effects, which can lead to the improvement of cardiac contractility in reperfusion. The adverse effects are pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy. This review presents a comprehensive overview of how CH enhances cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion. It is an in-depth analysis of the published data on the underlying mechanisms, which can lead to future development of the cardioprotective effect of CH. A better understanding of the CH-activated protective signaling pathways may contribute to new therapeutic approaches in an increase of cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"37 4","pages":"230-254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10387748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9907734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glioblastoma multiforme: Diagnosis, treatment, and invasion.","authors":"Jiawei Li,&nbsp;Lili Feng,&nbsp;Yingmei Lu","doi":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.36.20220156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an essentially incurable brain tumor, which has been explored for approximately a century. Nowadays, surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are still the standardized therapeutic options. However, due to the intrinsic invasion and metastasis features and the resistance to chemotherapy, the survival rate of glioblastoma patients remains unsatisfactory. To improve the current situation, much more research is needed to provide comprehensive knowledge of GBM. In this review, we summarize the latest updates on GBM treatment and invasion. Firstly, we review the traditional and emerging therapies that have been used for GBM treatment. Given the limited efficiency of these therapies, we further discuss the role of invasion in GBM recurrence and progression, and present current research progress on the mode and mechanisms of GBM invasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"47-58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9898042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10739917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and evaluation of an alcohol vapor chamber system.","authors":"Wan Jiang,&nbsp;Jiajia Chen,&nbsp;Olivia Ewi Vidjro,&nbsp;Yingying Zhang,&nbsp;Gengni Guo,&nbsp;Ziyi Li,&nbsp;Yize Qi,&nbsp;Rouli Dai,&nbsp;Tengfei Ma","doi":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.36.20220151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An increasing number of studies demonstrated that alcohol vapor chamber is an effective way to model physical signs of alcohol use disorders. Although researchers are developing different vapor chambers to study chronic alcohol exposure model worldwide, few studies build and modify their own vapor chambers in China. Here, we designed and established an alcohol vapor chamber system for small animals. We described a paradigm showing how to control and monitor alcohol concentration in whole system. The vapor chamber system with several advantages including accommodating up to ten standard mouse cages. Furthermore, the system was tested by evaluating the blood alcohol concentration and neuron injury in mice. Importantly, the alcohol withdrawal after vapor exposure caused motor coordination impairment, anxiolytic- and depression-like behavior. Finally, the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated glutamatergic transmissions in the medial prefrontal cortex was changed after alcohol vapor exposure-induced behaviors. The frequency and amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents between control and alcohol groups were not different, suggesting that alcohol exposure-induced behaviors are associated with the change in NMDAR response. Taken together, the new alcohol vapor chamber system was constructed, which would help to research the relationship between the stable alcohol exposure and withdrawal behaviors and to study chronic alcohol exposure-induced disorders in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"37 2","pages":"115-124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10018410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9565644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological functions and potential implications of circular RNAs.","authors":"Lan Ma,&nbsp;Haiyan Chu,&nbsp;Meilin Wang,&nbsp;Zhengdong Zhang","doi":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.36.20220095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are characterized by a covalent closed-loop structure with an absence of both 5' cap structure and 3' polyadenylated tail. Numerous studies have found that circRNAs play an important role in various diseases and have a variety of biological regulatory mechanisms, including acting as microRNA sponges, interacting with proteins, modulating the expression of related genes and translating into peptides or proteins. CircRNAs have also been used as biomarkers for a number of diseases, which could improve clinical practice. This review summarizes the most recent advances in biogenesis and knowledge of the biological functions of circRNAs as well as the related bioinformatics databases. We specifically describe developments in understanding of circRNA functions in the field of environmental exposure-induced diseases. Finally, we focus on potential clinical implications of circRNAs to facilitate their clinical transformation into disease treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"37 2","pages":"89-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10018409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9884290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired autophagy in amyloid-beta pathology: A traditional review of recent Alzheimer's research.","authors":"Minghao Yuan,&nbsp;Yangyang Wang,&nbsp;Zhenting Huang,&nbsp;Feng Jing,&nbsp;Peifeng Qiao,&nbsp;Qian Zou,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Zhiyou Cai","doi":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.36.20220145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. The major pathological changes in AD progression are the generation and accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides as well as the presence of abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau proteins in the brain. Autophagy is a conserved degradation pathway that eliminates abnormal protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Previous studies have suggested that autophagy plays a key role in the production and clearance of Aβ peptides to maintain a steady-state of Aβ peptides levels. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that autophagy is significantly impaired in the pathogenesis of AD, especially in Aβ metabolism. Therefore, this article reviews the latest studies concerning the mechanisms of autophagy, the metabolism of Aβ peptides, and the defective autophagy in the production and clearance of Aβ peptides. Here, we also summarize the established and new strategies for targeting autophagy <i>in vivo</i> and through clinical AD trials to identify gaps in our knowledge and to generate further questions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"30-46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9898044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9251319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to lead and dietary furan intake aggravates hypothalamus-pituitary-testicular axis toxicity in chronic experimental rats.","authors":"Solomon E Owumi,&nbsp;Uche O Arunsi,&nbsp;Moses T Otunla,&nbsp;Imisioluwa O Oluwasuji","doi":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.36.20220108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lead (Pb) and furan are toxic agents, and persistent exposure may impair human and animal reproductive function. We therefore explored the effects of Pb and furan on male rat hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal reproductive status, oxidative stress, inflammation, and genomic integrity. We found that co-exposure to Pb and furan reduced the activities of testicular function enzymes, endogenous antioxidant levels, total sulfhydryl group, and glutathione. Sperm abnormality, biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and p53 expression were increased in a dose-dependent manner by treatment with furan and Pb. Typical rat gonad histoarchitecture features were also damaged. Conclusively, co-exposure to Pb and furan induced male reproductive function derangement by decreasing the antioxidant defences in rats, increasing abnormalities in spermatozoa morphology, and reducing reproductive hormone in circulation. These pathophysiological alterations, if persistent, might provide a permissive environment for potentiating reproductive dysfunction and infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"37 2","pages":"100-114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10018412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9517376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral CD4 ⁺CD8 ⁺ double positive T cells: A potential marker to evaluate renal impairment susceptibility during systemic lupus erythematosus.","authors":"Kai Chang, Wanlin Na, Chenxia Liu, Hongxuan Xu, Yuan Liu, Yanyan Wang, Zhongyong Jiang","doi":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220094","DOIUrl":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lupus nephritis (LN) has a high incidence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, but there is a lack of sensitive predictive markers. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between the CD4 ⁺CD8 ⁺ double positive T (DPT) lymphocytes and LN. The study included patients with SLE without renal impairment (SLE-NRI), LN, nephritic syndrome (NS), or nephritis. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Biochemical measurements were performed with peripheral blood in accordance with the recommendations proposed by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories. The proportions of DPT cells in the LN group were significantly higher than that in the SLE-NRI group ( <i>t</i>=4.012, <i>P</i><0.001), NS group ( <i>t</i>=3.240, <i>P</i>=0.001), and nephritis group ( <i>t</i>=2.57, <i>P</i>=0.011). In the LN group, the risk of renal impairment increased significantly in a DPT cells proportion-dependent manner. The risk of LN was 5.136 times (95% confidence interval, 2.115-12.473) higher in cases with a high proportion of DPT cells than those whose proportion of DPT cells within the normal range. These findings indicated that the proportion of DPT cells could be a potential marker to evaluate LN susceptibility, and the interference of NS and nephritis could be effectively excluded when assessing the risk of renal impairment during SLE with DPT cell proportion.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":" ","pages":"59-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9898043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10680286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of mitophagy in the hallmarks of aging.","authors":"Jie Wen,&nbsp;Tingyu Pan,&nbsp;Hongyan Li,&nbsp;Haixia Fan,&nbsp;Jinhua Liu,&nbsp;Zhiyou Cai,&nbsp;Bin Zhao","doi":"10.7555/JBR.36.20220045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.36.20220045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging, subjected to scientific scrutiny, is extensively defined as a time-dependent decline in functions that involves the majority of organisms. The time-dependent accretion of cellular lesions is generally a universal trigger of aging, while mitochondrial dysfunction is a sign of aging. Dysfunctional mitochondria are identified and removed by mitophagy, a selective form of macroautophagy. Increased mitochondrial damage resulting from reduced biogenesis and clearance may promote the aging process. The primary purpose of this paper is to illustrate in detail the effects of mitophagy on aging and emphasize the associations between mitophagy and other signs of aging, including dietary restriction, telomere shortening, epigenetic alterations, and protein imbalance. The evidence regarding the effects of these elements on aging is still limited. And although the understanding of relationship between mitophagy and aging has been long-awaited, to analyze details of such a relationship remains the main challenge in aging studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9898045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9236354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}