Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the early osteogenic potential of strontium doped titanium alloy surface.","authors":"Ali Alenezi, Mohamed Ahmed Alkhodary","doi":"10.1177/22808000251328992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251328992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study was conducted to test the early osteogenic potential of strontium (Sr) doped titanium-aluminum-vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy using an in vitro cell culture experiment. Thirty Ti-6Al-4V alloy sheets were sandblasted and etched with large grit acid. Of these, 10 alloy sheets represented group I, 10 sheets doped with Sr using a hydrothermal process represented group II, and 10 sheets also coated with Sr-supplemented hydroxyapatite using a hydrothermal process represented group III. The surfaces of the three groups were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The three groups were also compared in terms of their water contact angle, protein adsorption, and Sr ion release profile. Further, bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) obtained from the femora of 10 Sprague Dawley rats were used for the in vitro cell culture experiment, and the viability of the cultured cells was evaluated using the MTT assay and confocal microscopy; in addition, their osteogenic potential was assessed using alkaline phosphatase ALP activity. For statistical analysis, data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA; IBM SPSS statistics 23), and <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. SEM images revealed that the three groups had surface roughness, and EDS and XRD revealed the success of incorporating Sr to their surfaces. Group III had the best contact angle, protein adsorption, and Sr ion release rate. The cell culture also revealed that the surfaces of the titanium alloy sheets in group III were the most viable and had the best osteogenic potential; however, there was no statistically significant difference between groups I and II. In Conclusion, Sr alone was not able to improve the osteogenic potential of titanium alloy surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251328992"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol-loaded PCL-PEG/GO/HAP biocomposite bone membranes: Evaluation of mechanical properties, release kinetics, and cellular response.","authors":"Betül Meryem Arpacay, Fatih Ciftci, Ali Can Özarslan, Mustafa Unal, Mine Kucak, Aslihan Yelkenci","doi":"10.1177/22808000251314087","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251314087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, biocomposite membranes were developed by incorporating resveratrol (RSV)-loaded PCL-PEG composites, modified with graphene oxide (GO) and hydroxyapatite (HAP). The aim was to enhance hydrophilicity with GO and improve bioactivity with HAP. The release kinetics of RSV was evaluated by using Franz diffusion cells and compared with various kinetic models, including Korsmeyer-Peppas, Higuchi, and Baker, all of which showed high correlation coefficients (<i>R</i>²) close to 0.99. Mechanical tests was performed to determine the suitability of these membranes for tissue engineering applications. The composite membrane modified with GO and HAP exhibited tensile strength of 105.2 ± 5.8 MPa, tensile modulus of 3895 ± 159 MPa, elongation at break of 8.4 ± 0.9%, and toughness of 5.88 ± 0.46 MJ/m³. In vitro cell adhesion studies, visualized using DAPI fluorescence staining, demonstrated increased cell adhesion to the composite membranes over periods of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days. These findings highlight the potential of the RSV-loaded PCL-PEG membranes, enhanced with GO and HAP, for applications in bone tissue engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251314087"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of multi-pass friction stir alloying on characterization of AZ91D alloy-based dual reinforcement bio-ceramic nano-composites.","authors":"Surendra Kumar Patel, Guoxin Dai, Lu Liu, Zhen Sun, Lei Shi","doi":"10.1177/22808000251314086","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251314086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In current study, microstructural, mechanical and corrosion behaviour were investigated with incorporation of dual reinforced AZ91D surface composites. This research was carried out for enhancement of the bio-degradability in biological environment. The surface composites were successfully fabricated by friction stir processing method with a rotation speed of 800 rpm, travel speed of 80 mm/min and 2.5° tilt angle at multi-passes. The surface properties were characterized via optical, SEM, EDS, XRD and EBSD techniques. The microstructure showed that the reinforcements were equally distributed into the surface matrix after 3-passes for sets of composites. After 3-passes FSP average grain diameter of the composite C (1.61 μm) was smaller than that of composite A (1.86 μm) and composite B (1.63 μm), because of the strong shear deformation and generated friction heat, which occurred via dynamic recrystallization between grains in the processed zones. The microhardness of Composite C (162 Hv) has a higher than the composite A (125.2 Hv) and composite B (146.2 Hv). The ultimate tensile strength of composite A (152.7 MPa) was greater than that of composite B (133 MPa) and composite C (111.3 MPa). Furthermore, the corrosion resistance at 7, 15 and 30 days of immersion of composite C was higher than that of composite A and composite B, because of the domino effects and better bio-mineralization with the addition of Y₂O₃ and ZrO₂ particles. The typically worn surface revealed reduced deep pits, pits and cracks due to better ionization of the hydrogen generated during immersion. Finally, this research was carried out for treatment of bone defects and fractures as well as improving corrosion resistance of the mg-containing biocompatible implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251314086"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functionalization of nanoceria a dual approach to anticancer and antifungal applications.","authors":"Salama A Yaseen, Faizaa A Saif, Prabhakar B Undre","doi":"10.1177/22808000251354888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251354888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs) have unique physicochemical properties that make them suitable for various applications, particularly in biomedicine. To enhance their compatibility with biological systems, we functionalized these nanoparticles with selected amino acids, which significantly improved their potential for biomedical use, as our findings show. Cerium oxide has a fluorite-type structure and can exist in both trivalent and tetravalent states. Notably, cerium oxide also serves as an effective radioprotectant, offering selective protection to normal cells over tumor cells. The present embodiment provides functionalized cerium oxide nanoflakes with a plurality of amino acids. The surface modification by amino acids has been studied and characterized with various techniques. The cytotoxicity and the biological activity of nanoceria and the functionalization of nanoceria were evaluated. The result of this investigation shows the change in morphology structure and optical properties. The anticancer activity of the samples shows significant results against the MCF-7 and SCC-29B cell lines overall. In the case of comparing pure and functionalized nanoceria in the microbial study, the functionalization of nanoceria shows better significance by improving biological activity in some cases than synthesized/pure nanoceria and becomes suitable for biomedical applications. Therefore, the results show that the functionalization of nanoceria plays an important role in manufacturing and the possibility of using it as a therapeutic compound in the future to improve the public health of society.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251354888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of fluoride varnish on the color stability and surface microhardness of bioactive restorative materials: An in vitro study.","authors":"Mihriban Gökcek Taraç, Melek Çam","doi":"10.1177/22808000251403913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251403913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of fluoride varnishes on both the color stability and surface microhardness of different fluoride-releasing restorative materials exposed to beverages commonly consumed by children . This study was conducted as an in vitro experimental study design. Three different restorative materials (Dyract XP, Beautifil II, and Cention N) and a colorless fluoride varnish were used. The solutions in which the samples were immersed were selected as beverages commonly preferred by children: cherry juice, chocolate milk, and cola. Color changes of the samples were measured using a spectrophotometer at 1, 7, 14, and 28 days and calculated according to the CIEDE2000 total color difference formula. Surface microhardness values were measured using a digital microhardness testing device at 1 and 28 days. To assess the effects of variables and their interactions in repeated observation designs, generalized linear models and generalized linear mixed models were fitted. Following model estimation, Tukey's-adjusted estimated marginal means were computed to identify significant pairwise differences. Fluoride-releasing restorative materials exhibited varying degrees of color change and decrease in surface microhardness when immersed in different staining solutions. Among the tested materials, Cention N demonstrated the greatest color stability (ΔE=1.01 for fluoride applied group, ΔE=1.45 for the group without fluoride application) and least reduction in surface microhardness. Fluoride application initially caused a slight discoloration immediately after application. However, following immersion in different solutions, fluoride application appeared to enhance color stability (ΔE=1.59 in the varnish-applied group, ΔE=2.21 in the group without varnish application), but did not have a statistically significant effect on the surface microhardness. A negative correlation was observed between color change and surface microhardness; as the surface microhardness decreased, the extent of color change increased. This study highlights the prominent role of intraoral environmental factors in influencing the durability and aesthetic properties of fluoride-releasing restorative materials. Topical fluoride application has a beneficial effect on the color stability with a more pronounced effect observed with Cention N.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251403913"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymeric hollow fibers for encapsulating <i>Eucalyptus galbie</i> essential oil with decongestant potential and physicochemical study.","authors":"Reyhane Shojaei, Mehdi Ansari, Neda Mohamadi, Fariba Sharififar","doi":"10.1177/22808000251335735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251335735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Eucalyptus</i> species are known for their decongestant and antimicrobial properties, mainly due to their essential oil. However, significant challenges persist in maintaining the stability and durability of the essential oils' effectiveness. This study examines the use of polymeric hollow fibers for encapsulating <i>Eucalyptus</i> essential oil (EE) to improve its stability and effectiveness in treating nasal congestion. The EE was obtained by hydro-distillation method, and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A dialysis cartridge containing polysulfone hollow fibers was used to load the EE, and their permeability, morphology, and stability were assessed. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and headspace sampling with gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) were employed to monitor EE release and the stability of EE-loaded hollow fibers. GC/MS analysis identified 20 major components with 1,8-cineole being the predominant compound at 59.32%. Physicochemical characterization of hollow fibers revealed complete permeability to EE. FT-IR spectra suggested potential interactions between EE and the fibers. Release studies indicated that over 80% of EE was released from the fibers within 180 min. Headspace analysis confirmed the presence and stability of 1,8-cineole in the loaded fibers. The stability test demonstrated no significant changes in the EE-loaded fibers over 6 days. This study indicated that the capillary properties of the EE-loaded hollow fibers facilitate oil loading, and headspace sampling provides a more efficient analysis. The successful and stable release of EE from the fibers, highlights the potential of hollow fibers for controlled drug delivery. However, conducting more accurate experiments can help deduce more logical results.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251335735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical characterization, cellular bioactivity, and biosafety evaluation of type A recombinant humanized collagen type XVII.","authors":"Nana Han, Xingxing Gao, Lu Song, Jian Wang, Ling Li, Kaixuan Guo, Huan Hu, Jing Wang, Bo Fan, Yun Zhu, Xia Yang","doi":"10.1177/22808000251389472","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251389472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collagen type XVII is a unique transmembrane protein that plays a crucial role in anchoring epithelial cells to the underlying basement membrane. However, the low natural abundance of collagen type XVII in the human body poses significant challenges for large-scale extraction and production. With a development in biosynthesis technology, type A recombinant humanized collagen type XVII (rhCol XVII) has emerged as a promising and innovative alternative. In this study, rhCol XVII was successfully synthesized and expressed using genetic engineering techniques. The amino acid composition of rhCol XVII was analyzed, and its molecular weight was determined to be consistent with the theoretical design. Key physicochemical properties, including isoelectric point, particle size, and thermal stability, were evaluated. The experimentally measured pI was approximately 9.00, a particle size ranges from 820 to 857 nm, and thermal stability up to 23.60°C. The structure of rhCol XVII was characterized using infrared spectroscopy and circular dichroism. Furthermore, the cytocompatibility of rhCol XVII was assessed in vitro, and its systemic safety was evaluated in vivo. This research provided a solid foundation for the potential application of rhCol XVII in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251389472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145495300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of pull-out bond strength and microleakage of lithium disilicate onlay with and without immediate dentin sealing.","authors":"Aruna Krishnan, Nishitha Arun, Mohammad Fareed, Nisha Manila, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari","doi":"10.1177/22808000251329112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251329112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective adhesion between dentin and resin materials is essential for the long-term durability of onlays, as the strength and durability of the tooth-restoration complex hinge on reliable adhesion. This study aims to enhance the adhesion of lithium disilicate onlays by employing immediate dentin sealing (IDS) and evaluates its effectiveness by comparing pull-out bond strength and microleakage with and without IDS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Extracted human premolars were prepared and categorized into two distinct groups: Group A (with IDS) and Group B (without IDS). In Group A, the dentin surfaces were sealed immediately after tooth preparation using an adhesive resin. In Group B, no sealing was performed before bonding the lithium disilicate restorations. Pull-out bond strength was assessed utilizing universal testing machine. Microleakage was evaluated through dye penetration analysis after thermocycling and sectioning of the samples. For statistical interpretation, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pull-out bond strength was significantly higher in Group A compared to Group B (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). Microleakage evaluation revealed less dye penetration in Group A, indicating superior marginal integrity with IDS. The high-resolution images provided clearer visualization of the interfaces and the extent of dye penetration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Immediate dentin sealing significantly enhances the pull-out bond strength of lithium disilicate onlay and reduces microleakage. These findings suggest that IDS is a beneficial step in the bonding protocol for lithium disilicate restorations, potentially improving the longevity and performance of the restorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251329112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite: Potential antibacterial properties.","authors":"Ismail Zaed, Corrado Iaccarino, Francesca Faedo, Laura Grillini, Elisabetta Galassi, Alessandro Dotti, Angelo Nataloni, Francesca Carolina Mannella, Andrea Cardia","doi":"10.1177/22808000241311389","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000241311389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intensive research is dedicated to the development of novel biomaterials and medical devices to be used as grafts in reconstructive surgery, with the purpose of enhancing their therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and durability. A variety of biomaterials, from autologous bone to polymethylmetacrylate, polyether ether ketone, titanium, and calcium-based ceramics are used in cranioplasty. Porous hydroxyapatite (PHA) is reported as a possible material for bone reconstruction, with good signs of biocompatibility, osteoconductive and osteointegrative properties. In the present paper we studied the possible antibacterial properties of PHA in a laboratory test in order to provide a possible overview of the occurrence of post-operative infections in PHA cranioplasty.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The test method has been designed to evaluate the potential antimicrobial activity of specimens under dynamic contact conditions to overcome difficulties in ensuring contact of inoculum to the specimen surface. The test was conducted using <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC6538 as a bacterial strain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two experimental sets were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the specimens against two different <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> concentrations. The first preliminary test (a) verified the antibacterial property at 0, 1, 2, and 4 h of contact time; the second confirmatory test (b) was repeated to verify the antibacterial property at 0, 4, 8 h. In the first experiment, after the first hour of contact, the bacterial inoculum was reduced by 7.96% compared to \"inoculum only,\" which increased to 26.11% at the second hour, and up to 52.33% after 4 h. In the second experiment, the confirmation test showed that bacterial growth reaches maximum inhibition after 4 h of contact. At 4 h, there was a higher bacterial reduction of 72.93%, which decreased at 8 h (36.45%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Analyzing the growth trend of viable microorganisms under Dynamic Contact Conditions it can be seen that PHA cranioplasty appears to inhibit exponential growth by inducing bacterial stasis in the early hours of contact, reaching a maximum reduction within 4 h, in this adopted experimental condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000241311389"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143038852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Less cytotoxic phthalocyanine derivative promotes in vitro wound healing compared to chlorhexidine.","authors":"Caique Andrade Santos, Adriano de Souza Pessoa, Fabiano Vieira Vilhena, Rodrigo Cardoso de Oliveira, Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos, Carla Andreotti Damante, Mariana Schutzer Ragghianti Zangrando","doi":"10.1177/22808000251314630","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251314630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of adjunct chemical substances in the early postoperative period of periodontal surgical procedures is recommended due to the potential risk of trauma in the operated area. Chlorhexidine digluconate mouthwash is widely used but can cause adverse effects. Phthalocyanine derivatives are being studied as an alternative, demonstrating good antimicrobial activity, especially in the self-activated form, which does not require additional light or chemicals. The objective of this study is to compare the cytotoxicity of different concentrations of a phthalocyanine (PHY) with chlorhexidine (CHX) and assess their influence on fibroblast cell migration. Different concentrations of CHX and PHY (0.0075%-0.12%) were evaluated using NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT and crystal violet (CV) assay; CHX and PHY (0.0075% and 0.12%) were also evaluated by in vitro wound healing assay. PHY was less cytotoxic compared to CHX, based on cell viability assays. PHY did not interfere with experimental healing, allowing cell migration similar to the positive control with both concentrations (PHY 0.0075% and 0.12%) and only 0.0075% CHX allowed cell migration. In a comparative analysis, PHY showed less cytotoxicity than CHX and PHY concentrations of 0.0075% and 0.015% was non-toxic even after 48 h of contact with the cells. This in vitro evaluation demonstrated that PHY was less cytotoxic to NIH 3T3 fibroblasts compared to CHX. Furthermore, the different concentrations of PHY did not interfere negatively in the healing of experimental wounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251314630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}