Journal of Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Axial muscle-fibre orientations in larval zebrafish","authors":"Noraly M. M. E. van Meer, Johan L. van Leeuwen, Henk Schipper, Martin J. Lankheet","doi":"10.1111/joa.14161","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most teleost fish propel themselves with lateral body waves powered by their axial muscles. These muscles also power suction feeding through rapid expansion of the mouth cavity. They consist of muscle segments (myomeres), separated by connective tissue sheets (myosepts). In adult teleosts, the fast axial muscle fibres follow pseudo-helical trajectories, which are thought to distribute strain (relative fibre length change) approximately evenly across transverse sections during swimming, thereby optimizing power generation. To achieve strain equalization, a significant angle to the longitudinal axis on the frontal plane (azimuth) is necessary near the medial plane, increasing strain. Additionally, a deviation from longitudinal orientation on the sagittal plane (elevation) is required laterally to decrease strain. Despite several detailed morphological studies, our understanding of muscle-fibre orientations in the entire axial musculature of fish remains incomplete. Furthermore, most research has been done in post-larval stages, leaving a knowledge gap regarding the changing axial muscle architecture during larval development. Larval fish exhibit different body size, body shape and swimming kinematics compared to adults. They experience relatively high viscous forces, requiring higher tail-beat amplitudes to overcome increased drag. Additionally, larval fish swim with higher tail-beat frequencies. Histological studies have shown that in larval fish, muscle fibres in the anal region transition from an almost longitudinal orientation to a pseudo-helical pattern by 3 dpf (days post-fertilization). However, these studies were limited to a few sections of the body and were prone to shrinkage and tissue damage. Here, we introduce a novel methodology for quantifying muscle-fibre orientations along the entire axial muscles. We selected 4 dpf larval zebrafish for our analyses, a stage where larvae are actively swimming but not yet free-feeding. High-resolution confocal 3D scans were obtained from four genetically modified zebrafish expressing green fluorescent protein in fast muscle fibres. Fluorescence variation allowed segmentation of individual muscle fibres, which were then converted to fish-bound coordinates by correcting for the fish's position and orientation in the scan, and normalized to pool results across individuals. We show that at 4 dpf, muscle-fibre trajectories exhibit a helical pattern tapering towards the tail. Average fibre angles decrease from anterior to posterior, with azimuth varying over the dorsoventral axis and elevation varying over the mediolateral axis. Notably, only the anteriormost 20% of the body displayed higher azimuth angles near the medial plane. Angles between neighbouring fibres were substantial, particularly at the rim of the epaxial and hypaxial muscles. The revealed muscle-fibre architecture at this age presumably contributes to the swimming performance of these larvae, but that swimming performance is probably not","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"246 4","pages":"517-533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joa.14161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomy of spinal CSF loss in the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)","authors":"Hadyn DeLeeuw,&nbsp;Michael Cramberg,&nbsp;Matthew Dille,&nbsp;Emily Pick,&nbsp;Mary Thompson,&nbsp;Bruce A. Young","doi":"10.1111/joa.14177","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14177","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A variety of anatomical techniques, imaging modalities, dyes and contrast agents, were used to document the mechanisms/routes whereby spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) would move beyond the confines of the spinal dura in the American alligator, <i>Alligator mississippiensis</i>. Three pathways for CSF loss were identified: spinal arachnoid granulations, perineural flow along the spinal nerves, and lymphatic drainage (both along the surface of the dura and at the venous plexus surrounding the spinal ganglion). These same three pathways for spinal CSF loss have been documented in mammals, suggesting that they may be a common feature of (at least) amniotes. Crocodilians, including <i>A. mississippiensis</i>, have the largest epidural venous sinus system of any vertebrate, the present study suggests that, as in mammals, the venous complex of the alligator plays a direct role in regulating the absorption of CSF from the spinal compartment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"246 4","pages":"575-584"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joa.14177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sacroiliac joint auricular surface morphology modulates its mechanical environment","authors":"Petr Henyš,&nbsp;Niels Hammer","doi":"10.1111/joa.14160","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14160","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) exhibits significant variation in auricular surface morphology. This variation influences the mechanics of the SIJ, a central node for transmitting mechanical energy from upper body to lower limbs and vice versa. The impact of the auricular surface morphology on stress and deformation in the SIJ remains poorly understood to date. Computed tomography scans obtained from 281 individuals were included to extract the geometry of the pelvic ring. Then, the auricular surface area, SIJ cartilage thickness, and total SIJ cartilage volume were identified. Based on these reconstructions, 281 finite element models were created to simulate SIJ mechanical loading. It was found that SIJ cartilage thickness only weakly depended on age or laterality, while being strongly sex sensitive. Auricular surface area and SIJ cartilage volume depended weakly and non-linearly on age, peaking around menopause in females, but without significant laterality effect. Larger SIJs, characterized by greater auricular area and cartilage volume, exhibited reduced stress and deformation under loading. These findings highlight the significant role of SIJ morphology in its biomechanical response, suggesting a potential link between morphological variations and the risk of SIJ dysfunction. Understanding this relationship could improve diagnosis and targeted treatment strategies for SIJ-related conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"246 2","pages":"258-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Cover (December 2024)","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/joa.14084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.14084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <b>Front cover:</b>\u0000 </p><p>Cover image: see M. Didziokas et al., ‘BounTI (Boundary-preserving Threshold Iteration): a user-friendly tool for automatic hard tissue segmentation’, this issue.</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"245 6","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joa.14084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Advances in craniosynostosis—Basic science to clinical practice","authors":"Mehran Moazen,&nbsp;Stephen R. F. Twigg","doi":"10.1111/joa.14126","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14126","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Craniosynostosis is a serious congenital condition caused by early fusion of the cranial sutures, the joints between the flat bones of the skull. Current treatment involves a multidisciplinary team of plastic and maxillofacial surgeons, neurosurgeons, speech and language therapists, psychologists, orthoptists, dentists, clinical geneticists and other specialists. Scientists from different disciplines are working together to advance our fundamental understanding of the causes and treatment of this condition using a wide range of approaches. This is clearly a joint transdisciplinary effort involving multiple stakeholders with the children and their families at the heart.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each of the aforementioned groups and disciplines that are engaged in treatment/research on craniosynostosis have their own societies and conferences. Some examples are the International Society of Craniofacial Surgery, the Gordon Research Conference on Craniofacial Morphogenesis and Tissue Regeneration, the European Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery and many others that are increasingly becoming more interdisciplinary.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The idea behind the “Advances in Craniosynostosis – basic science to clinical practice” (AdCr) meeting originated in 2011 when Moazen promised the Royal Academy of Engineering Research Fellowship Scheme “… to organize a workshop on &lt;i&gt;the use of computational skull models in clinical applications.”&lt;/i&gt; As the fellowship progressed it became increasingly clear that there was a need to bring together all the key stakeholders involved in treatment and research on craniosynostosis, including the patients and their families.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The RAEng Fellowship engendered wider interaction with multiple colleagues working on various aspects of craniosynostosis. Prof Michael Fagan, Prof Andrew Willkie, Prof Susan Herring, Mr David Johnson and Prof Michael Cunningham had supported the initial application and through the years that followed this network expanded. This included interaction with the Headlines Craniofacial Support Charity that is run by families affected by craniosynostosis. Moazen's move to UCL enabled wider interaction with many other colleagues including Dr Erwin Pauws and Prof Karen Liu in London and Dr Steve Twigg in Oxford, forming a team to organise the meeting as was envisaged back in 2011.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On 27 July 2018, we organised the first AdCr at UCL. Following the success of that conference, we felt there was sufficient interest and enthusiasm for a regular meeting and the second and third AdCr followed on 27 August 2021, and 25 August 2023, respectively. We are very keen to continue these meetings and to expand them to ensure that we have a united and well-connected community working on craniosynostosis, more so considering that this is still a rather under-funded condition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The third AdCr meeting celebrated the lifetime impact and achievements of Prof Gillian Morriss-Kay in craniofacial research, as well as her significant contribution to t","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"245 6","pages":"813-814"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11547217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure and development of the dermal ossicles of Antarctopelta oliveroi (Dinosauria, Ankylosauria): A complex morphogenetic system deciphered through three-dimensional X-ray microtomography.","authors":"Sophie Sanchez, Armand de Ricqlès, Jasper Ponstein, Paul Tafforeau, Louise Zylberberg","doi":"10.1111/joa.14159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.14159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ankylosaurs were a group of heavily armored non-avian dinosaurs (Dinosauria, Ankylosauria), represented by a relatively abundant fossil record from the Cretaceous of North and South America. Their dermal skeleton was characterized by large osteoderms whose development and functional role have been largely investigated. However, interstitial small ossicles, forming between these osteoderms, have been far more overlooked and it remains unknown whether they were formed through the ossification of a preexisting fibrous matrix of connective tissue (i.e., metaplasia) or by a cell-induced differentiation of new fiber bundles followed by mineralization (i.e., neoplasia sensu (Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 1858, 9, 147)). Here, we propose a hypothesis on the developmental origin of these small ossicles in the ankylosaurian Antarctopelta oliveroi using light microcopy, scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional virtual histology through propagation phase-contrast synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (PPC-SRμCT). Ossicles are located in the dermis. They are composed of two layers: (1) a thin external layer, and (2) a thick basal plate, composed of collagen fiber bundles, which forms the main part of the ossicle. The external layer is made of a smooth, vitreous mineralized tissue that does not look like bone. The basal plate, however, is of osseous origin. In this basal plate, the collagen fiber bundles are organized in two orthogonal systems: one horizontal-observable in cross-sections-and one vertical-observable in the primary plane of sections sensu (Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 2004, 24, 874). The horizontal system is itself composed of successive layers of collagen fiber bundles arranged into an orthogonal plywood-like structure. The bundles of the vertical system radiate from the center of the ossicle at the level of the transition between the external layer and the basal plate and run towards the periphery of the basal plate. Their thickness increases from the center of the ossicle towards its periphery. Numerous bundles of the vertical system form thin threads that interweave and penetrate within the thick bundles of the horizontal system. Our new data suggest that the ossicles were at least partially formed by metaplasia, that is, through the ossification of a preexisting fibrous matrix of connective tissue. This process was probably supplemented by a cell-induced differentiation of new fiber bundles laid down prior to their incorporation into the fibrous system and its mineralization. This process looks more akin to neoplasia sensu (Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 1858, 9, 147) than to metaplasia. Consequently, metaplastic and neoplastic processes may coexist in these ossicles with a possible differential expression during ontogeny.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology and phylogenetic implications of the inclinatores dorsales for the galeomorph sharks (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii)","authors":"Jade Medeiros,&nbsp;Diego F. B. Vaz,&nbsp;Marcus V. G. Araújo,&nbsp;Arthur de Lima,&nbsp;João Paulo C. B. da Silva","doi":"10.1111/joa.14162","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14162","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elasmobranchs have been studied in anatomical terms for nearly 200 years, but several elements of their anatomy, such as the dorsal fin musculature, have not been completely addressed and still lack detailed descriptions. In this context, the present study investigates the anatomical variation of the muscles <i>inclinatores dorsales</i> across galeomorph sharks, shedding new light on their evolution. We have observed that the <i>inclinatores dorsales</i> have two distinct components, being composed of a <i>profundus</i> and a <i>superficialis</i> component. Additionally, we have uncovered, through an anatomical comparative analysis, that the variation present in these muscles is considerably greater than previously considered, indicating some characteristics never described before, for instance the presence or absence of the <i>inclinatores dorsales</i> at the free rear tip of the first dorsal fin. Moreover, our findings for the <i>inclinatores dorsales</i> are different from their previous interpretation in the context of the hypnosqualean hypothesis, reinforcing the need for a reevaluation of previous morphological characters. Lastly, we discuss our findings in relation to the most recent interrelationships of elasmobranchs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"246 4","pages":"544-557"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shape analysis of the craniofacial skeleton in children prenatally exposed to anticonvulsant medications using geometric morphometrics","authors":"Carmen M. Doumit,&nbsp;Antoine Saade,&nbsp;Leslie A. Will","doi":"10.1111/joa.14154","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14154","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Children exposed prenatally to antiepileptic drugs may have a typical facies characterized by midfacial retrusion, a short nose, and anteverted nares. Our aim was to determine whether the shape of the maxilla was altered in its sagittal displacement, or whether the defect in the underlying articulation with the cranial base was responsible for the appearance of midface retrusion. Our hypothesis was that the sphenoid bone as well as the maxilla and other bones in the cranial base were affected by the anticonvulsant medication. The lateral cephalograms of 65 children exposed prenatally to monotherapy (phenobarbital, phenytoin, or carbamazepine) were evaluated using various analyses derived from geometric morphometrics (GM) on different studied areas (maxilla, entire cranial base, spheno-occipital region, and the total study area) and the resulting configurations compared with those of control children. Procrustes ANOVA suggested that shape variation for all the regions correlated significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) with exposure to antiepileptic drugs, and principal component analysis revealed a noticeable separation between the means of the two groups when PC1 was plotted against PC2 for all the areas studied. The cross-validation resulting from the discriminant function analysis accurately classified between 79.5% and 88.6% of the control group and between 73.8% and 90.7% of the study group when looking at the different anatomic regions. Canonical variate analysis, applied to the sample after its separation following biological sex and stratification into two age groups, showed unequal results between males and females as well as during circumpubertal growth of the cranial base. Thus, in the exposed subjects, while the glabella was projected forward with a similar prominence in males and females, the rhinion, which is relocated more posteriorly, was more severely displaced in females as opposed to the sella, where the most important displacement occurred in males. Regarding the age groups, it revealed that patients in the younger group of both sexes exhibited a facial shape difference very early (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) when the comparison was performed between exposed and non-exposed subjects. This difference was maintained in females at older ages but not in males. These details may help isolate the mechanism for the anomalies because of GM's use of shape instead of traditional linear and angular cephalometric measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"246 2","pages":"234-248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A road map to manual segmentation of cerebral structures.","authors":"Fanny Darrault, Guillaume Dannhoff, Maëlig Chauvel, Théo Delmaire, Simon Louchez, Cyril Poupon, Ivy Uszynski, Christophe Destrieux, Igor Lima Maldonado, Frédéric Andersson","doi":"10.1111/joa.14167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.14167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Manual segmentation is an essential tool in the researcher's technical arsenal. It is a frequent practice necessary for image analysis in many protocols, especially in neuroimaging and comparative brain anatomy. In the framework of emergence of studies focusing on alternative animal models, manual segmentation procedures play a critical role. Nevertheless, this critical task is often assigned to students, a process that, unfortunately, tends to be time-consuming and repetitive. Well-conducted and well-described segmentation procedures can potentially guide novice and even expert operators and enhance research works' internal and external validity, making it possible to harmonize studies and facilitate data sharing. Furthermore, recent advances in neuroimaging, such as ex vivo imaging or ultra-high-field MRI, enable new acquisition modalities and the identification of minute structures that are barely visible with typical approaches. In this context of increasingly detailed and multimodal brain studies, reflecting on methodology is relevant and necessary. Because it is crucial to implement good practices in manual segmentation per se but also in the description of the segmentation procedures in research papers, we propose a general roadmap for optimizing the technique, its process and the reporting of manual segmentation. For each of them, the relevant elements of the literature have been collected and cited. The article is accompanied by a checklist that the reader can use to verify that the critical steps are being followed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurotrophic extracellular matrix proteins promote neuronal and iPSC astrocyte progenitor cell- and nano-scale process extension for neural repair applications","authors":"Cian O'Connor,&nbsp;Rena E. Mullally,&nbsp;Sarah F. McComish,&nbsp;Julia O'Sullivan,&nbsp;Ian Woods,&nbsp;Ingmar Schoen,&nbsp;Massimiliano Garre,&nbsp;Maeve A. Caldwell,&nbsp;Adrian Dervan,&nbsp;Fergal J. O'Brien","doi":"10.1111/joa.14163","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14163","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The extracellular matrix plays a critical role in modulating cell behaviour in the developing and adult central nervous system influencing neural cell morphology, function and growth. Neurons and astrocytes, play vital roles in neural signalling and support respectively and respond to cues from the surrounding matrix environment. However, a better understanding of the impact of specific individual extracellular matrix proteins on both neurons and astrocytes is critical for advancing the development of matrix-based scaffolds for neural repair applications. This study aimed to provide an in-depth analysis of how different commonly used extracellular matrix proteins— laminin-1, Fn, collagen IV, and collagen I—affect the morphology and growth of trophic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived astrocyte progenitors and mouse motor neuron-like cells. Following a 7-day culture period, morphological assessments revealed that laminin-1, fibronectin, and collagen-IV, but not collagen I, promoted increased process extension and a stellate morphology in astrocytes, with collagen-IV yielding the greatest increases. Subsequent analysis of neurons grown on the different extracellular matrix proteins revealed a similar pattern with laminin-1, fibronectin, and collagen-IV supporting robust neurite outgrowth. fibronectin promoted the greatest increase in neurite extension, while collagen-I did not enhance neurite growth compared to poly-L-lysine controls. Super-resolution microscopy highlighted extracellular matrix-specific nanoscale changes in cytoskeletal organization, with distinct patterns of actin filament distribution where the three basement membrane-associated proteins (laminin-1, fibronectin, and collagen-IV) promoted the extension of fine cellular processes. Overall, this study demonstrates the potent effect of laminin-1, fibronectin and collagen-IV to promote both iPSC-derived astrocyte progenitor and neuronal growth, yielding detailed insights into the effect of extracellular matrix proteins on neural cell morphology at both the whole cell and nanoscale levels. The ability of laminin-1, collagen-IV and fibronectin to elicit strong growth-promoting effects highlight their suitability as optimal extracellular matrix proteins to incorporate into neurotrophic biomaterial scaffolds for the delivery of cell cargoes for neural repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"246 4","pages":"585-601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joa.14163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}