Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Performance evaluation of a fully automated deep sequencing platform for hepatitis B genotyping and resistance testing.","authors":"Valérie Ortonne, Magali Bouvier-Alias, Erwan Vo-Quang, Pierre Cappy, Patrick Ingiliz, Vincent Leroy, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Stéphane Chevaliez","doi":"10.1093/jac/dkae418","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jac/dkae418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection requires lifelong administration of nucleos(t)ide analogues with a high barrier to resistance and effective viral suppression. The major limitation of lifelong therapy is the possible selection of drug-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains. International Liver Society guidelines recommend that hepatitis B resistance testing must be performed by a reference laboratory.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Performance of the deep sequencing-based ViroKey® SQ FLEX Genotyping Assay for the determination of HBV genotypes and resistance profiles were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Plasma samples collected from patients with chronic hepatitis B have been sequenced by two methods including Sanger (population) sequencing of a portion of the P/S overlapping gene and the deep sequencing-based ViroKey® SQ FLEX Genotyping Assay (Vela Diagnostics).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A high concordance rate with population sequencing was found regardless of HBV genotypes. Deep sequencing with the Sentosa platform was more sensitive than population sequencing in detecting minor variant populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The deep sequencing-based ViroKey® SQ FLEX Genotyping Assay can be confidently used in clinical practice for hepatitis B genotyping and resistance testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":14969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"919-926"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly adsorptive removal of cefiderocol during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration equipped with oXiris filter in an orthotopic liver transplant recipient having septic shock caused by VIM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.","authors":"Milo Gatti, Matteo Rinaldi, Cristiana Laici, Antonio Siniscalchi, Simone Ambretti, Maddalena Giannella, Pierluigi Viale, Federico Pea","doi":"10.1093/jac/dkaf040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jac/dkaf040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1153-1155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased susceptibility to cefepime/zidebactam among carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli from Stockholm, Sweden with alterations in PBP2.","authors":"Chaitanya Tellapragada, Chantel Dunleavy, Patrik Jonsson, Christian G Giske","doi":"10.1093/jac/dkaf045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jac/dkaf045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to investigate the in vitro activity and genetic determinants of decreased susceptibility (DS; MIC > 4 mg/L) to cefepime/zidebactam of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical isolates (N = 150) of carbapenemase-producing E. coli (CP-EC) belonging to seven distinct STs, isolated at a university clinical microbiology laboratory during 2019-2023 in Stockholm, Sweden were included. MICs for cefepime/zidebactam were determined using the broth microdilution method and interpreted using the tentative EUCAST clinical breakpoints (Susceptible; MIC < 4 mg/L; based on cefepime breakpoint). Whole genome sequences of the isolates were analysed with an emphasis on identifying alterations in PBPs 2 and 3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 150 isolates, 145 (96.6%) isolates had MICs <4 mg/L indicating susceptibility and 5 (3.3%) had MICs >4 mg/L. MICs for zidebactam alone among the five isolates with DS to cefepime/zidebactam were ≥8 mg/L. WGS analysis revealed that these five isolates were NDM-5 producers and belonged to ST405 (n = 1), ST410 (n = 2) and ST648 (n = 2). Presence of four-amino-acid inserts (YRIK/YRIN) in PBP3 was observed in 80/150 (53.3%) isolates, and mutations leading to alterations in PBP2 were observed in 41/150 (27.3%) isolates. Presence of other β-lactamases (CTX-M group) and/or cephalosporinases (blaCMY) did not have an impact on the susceptibility to cefepime/zidebactam. Three of the five isolates with DS had a V522I substitution in PBP2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate that DS to cefepime/zidebactam among clinical isolates of E. coli could arise due to targeted mutations in PBP2.</p>","PeriodicalId":14969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1137-1140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus minocycline monotherapy for treatment of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia.","authors":"Emily T Graves, Lynn Wardlow, Stella Ogake, Jose A Bazan, Kelci Coe, Kaitlyn Kuntz, Jessica L Elefritz","doi":"10.1093/jac/dkaf024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jac/dkaf024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the rate of clinical cure and adverse effects in patients receiving definitive treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus minocycline monotherapy for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-centre, retrospective cohort study of patients with S. maltophilia pneumonia admitted 1 March 2018-30 September 2023 was conducted comparing treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus minocycline monotherapy. The primary outcome was the rate of clinical cure, defined as meeting two of the three prespecified criteria for a period of 48 hours while on definitive therapy: normalization of white blood cell count, absence of fever and hypothermia and decreased oxygen support. Secondary outcomes evaluated included time to clinical cure, infection-related and in-hospital mortality, pneumonia recurrence and incidence of adverse effects, which was a composite of acute kidney injury (AKI), hyperkalaemia and thrombocytopenia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 93 patients included, 48 received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 45 received minocycline. There was no difference in the primary outcome of clinical cure between the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and minocycline groups (72.9% versus 66.7%, P = 0.51). S. maltophilia pneumonia recurrence was more common in the minocycline group compared to the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group (35.6% versus 10.4%, P = 0.006). In-hospital mortality was higher in the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group although there was no difference in infection-related in-hospital mortality (6.3% versus 2.3%, P = 0.62). The incidence of AKI, hyperkalaemia and thrombocytopenia did not differ between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was no difference in clinical cure rate for S. maltophilia pneumonia treatment between trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and minocycline monotherapy although higher rates of recurrent pneumonia were observed in patients treated with minocycline. Rates of adverse effects were similar between groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":14969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"988-995"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of MRSA ST612 in horses and of MSSA CC398 in cats in France.","authors":"Marisa Haenni, Séverine Murri, Antoine Drapeau, Iarimino Rafidinarivo, Stéphanie Gilles, Nicolas Keck, Albertine Léon, Aline Sulter, Marie-Capucine Tricaud, Pauline François, Jean-Yves Madec","doi":"10.1093/jac/dkaf027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jac/dkaf027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Staphylococcus aureus is an important zoonotic pathogen that has often been seen in animals through the prism of the MRSA clonal complex (CC) 398 in pigs and in-contact humans. The goal of this study was first to assess the prevalence of MRSA, and second to look for MSSA CC398 in cats, dogs and horses in France.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical S. aureus isolates (n = 479) were collected from 186 cats, 143 dogs and 150 horses during 2022-2023 all over the French territory. Antibiograms were performed on all isolates. MRSA and MSSA CC398 isolates were subject to WGS. Core genome (cg) MLST-based and SNP-based phylogenetic analyses were performed using published methodologies, and characterization of the isolates was performed using publicly available tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-six MRSA isolates were identified in 14 cats (7.5%), 9 dogs (6.3%) and 43 horses (28.7%). The epidemiology of MRSA in cats and dogs remained stable since a previous study in 2015, with the presence of both CC398 and human-associated clones. In horses, in contrast, an important increase in MRSA (from 10% to 28.7%) was observed, potentially attributable to the emergence of the ST612 clones. In parallel, CC398 MSSA, a clone usually described as animal-independent, was found in 24.2% of the cat isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study, which is leading the way to a genomic surveillance of S. aureus in France, revealed the emergence of both MRSA ST612 in horses and MSSA CC398 in cats. These clones should be closely monitored to avoid their zoonotic spread and to understand their dynamics of transmission between humans and animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1001-1010"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: Effect of empiric antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa on mortality in hospitalized patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Shubham Kumar, Ahmad Neyazi, Rachana Mehta, Ranjana Sah","doi":"10.1093/jac/dkaf046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jac/dkaf046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1161-1162"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung toxicity related to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole: pharmacovigilance data review.","authors":"F Givry, F Lebargy, D Lebrun, M Bonnet, A L Ruellan, M Hentzien, B Azzouz, F Bani-Sadr","doi":"10.1093/jac/dkaf050","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jac/dkaf050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Well-established side effects of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole include cutaneous and liver toxicity, hypersensitivity syndrome and blood dyscrasias. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole has also been associated with severe lung toxicity (LT) but reports are scarce.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated pharmacovigilance data and reviewed spontaneous reports of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-related LT recorded in the French national pharmacovigilance database (FPVD) and the WHO global database of adverse events (VigiBase®) up to 31 December 2023. We performed disproportionality analysis to detect a possible pharmacovigilance signal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 755 patients with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-related LT were reported in VigiBase®, 17 of which were from the FPVD. In VigiBase®, interstitial lung disease was the most frequent LT pattern (30.5%). A fatal outcome was reported in 197 patients (26.1%). Significant reporting ORs were observed for the following trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-related LT patterns: interstitial lung disease 1.5 (95% CI: 1.3-1.7); acute respiratory distress syndrome 2.9 (95% CI: 2.5-3.5); eosinophilic pneumonia 4.1 (95% CI: 3.2-5.2); diffuse alveolar damage 3.7 (95% CI: 2.6-5.3); organizing pneumonia 2.1 (95% CI: 1.4-3.1); pulmonary toxicity 1.9 (95% CI: 1.3-2.9); acute lung injury 7.5 (95% CI: 4.9-11.6) and hypersensitivity pneumonitis 2.7 (95% CI: 1.7-4.2).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We highlight statistically significant disproportionality for several trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-related LT patterns, which constitutes a pharmacovigilance signal. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-related LT is rare, but may be critical and even life-threatening. Physicians should be aware of potential trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-related LT and should inform their patients, since early intervention could prevent severe outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":14969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1148-1152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin pharmacokinetics of miltefosine in the treatment of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in South Asia-authors' response.","authors":"Thomas P C Dorlo, Wan-Yu Chu","doi":"10.1093/jac/dkaf059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jac/dkaf059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1162-1164"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluconazole step-down therapy versus echinocandins for the treatment of Candida glabrata invasive candidiasis with candidaemia.","authors":"Madeline Droney, Erica Reed, Sajed Sarwar, Kelci Coe, Nikki Tran","doi":"10.1093/jac/dkaf026","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jac/dkaf026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Candida glabrata is the second most common species responsible for invasive candidiasis, including candidaemia. Echinocandins are typically the first-line therapy for C. glabrata candidaemia, with the option to transition to oral fluconazole. Studies are needed to evaluate clinical outcomes in patients initially treated with echinocandins then transitioned to fluconazole.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective, single-centre cohort study of patients with C. glabrata candidaemia from November 2011 to August 2023. Inpatients aged 18-89 years who received an echinocandin within 24 h of the initial positive blood culture were included. Patients were excluded if they received antifungal treatment less than 48 h, combination therapy, or fluconazole as initial therapy. The primary composite outcome was 30-day clinical failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 186 patients were included (n = 153 echinocandin only; n = 33 fluconazole step-down). The most common source of candidaemia was line-associated in both groups with the majority having source control (43% echinocandin versus 58% fluconazole; P = 0.32). Compared to fluconazole, patients in the echinocandin group had a higher rate of concomitant bacteraemia (45% versus 24%; P = 0.03) and endovascular complications (11% versus 0%; P = 0.05). There was no significant difference in treatment duration between echinocandin and fluconazole (16 versus 19 days; P = 0.46), incidence of persistent candidaemia (22% versus 24%; P = 0.7), or 30-day clinical failure (15% versus 9%; P = 0.58).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fluconazole appears to be a safe and reasonable step-down therapy in the management of C. glabrata candidaemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"996-1000"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amino acid substitutions in PBP3 in Haemophilus influenzae strains, their phenotypic detection and impact on resistance to β-lactams.","authors":"Vladislav Jakubu, Marketa Cechova, Martin Musilek, Lucia Malisova, Barbora Zapletalova, Helena Zemlickova","doi":"10.1093/jac/dkaf023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jac/dkaf023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data from surveillance on antibiotic resistance have shown an increasing prevalence of non-enzymatic resistance (β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant) to β-lactam antibiotics among H. influenzae strains in the Czech Republic. Aminopenicillins are recommended agents for non-invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections. The phenomenon of non-enzymatic resistance to β-lactams is complicated by the fact that the phenotypic detection of PBP3 with specific amino acid substitutions (rPBP3) is challenging, since rPBP3 isolates have repeatedly been demonstrated to be split by the epidemiological cut-off values (ECOFF) for aminopenicillins defined by EUCAST.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We sought to determine whether the penicillin disc has sufficient detection ability to predict the non-enzymatic mechanism; whether other antibiotics can be used for detection; and what is the agreement between the broth microdilution and disc diffusion methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We undertook susceptibility testing of selected antibiotics according to EUCAST of 153 rPBP3 strains, and sequencing of the ftsI gene to determination amino acid substitutions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For a selected set of rPBP strains: (i) the detection capability for penicillin, ampicillin, cefuroxime and amoxicillin/clavulanate was found to be 91.5%, 94.4%, 89.5% and 70.6%, respectively; (ii) the categorical agreement between the disc diffusion method and the MIC for ampicillin and cefuroxime was 71.1% and 83.8%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed better recognition of rPBP3 strains by the ampicillin disc than by the penicillin disc. There is frequently a discrepancy in the interpretation of susceptibility results between the methods used.</p>","PeriodicalId":14969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"980-987"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}