Advances in Anthropology最新文献_第7页

Event-Specific Body Characteristics of Elite Alpine Skiers in Relation to International Rankings 优秀高山滑雪运动员单项身体特征与国际排名的关系

Advances in Anthropology Pub Date : 2017-03-22 DOI: 10.4236/AA.2017.72007

B. Vermeulen, R. Clijsen, R. Fässler, J. Taeymans, Eva D’Hondt, D. Aerenhouts

{"title":"Event-Specific Body Characteristics of Elite Alpine Skiers in Relation to International Rankings","authors":"B. Vermeulen, R. Clijsen, R. Fässler, J. Taeymans, Eva D’Hondt, D. Aerenhouts","doi":"10.4236/AA.2017.72007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/AA.2017.72007","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This explorative study examined potential performance indicators through a correlational analysis between morphological measures and international ranking within each alpine ski event for each gender separately. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 58 elite alpine skiers were allocated into a technical or speed event group based on their international ski rankings. Several two-way (2 * 2) (M)ANOVA’s were used to examine the effect of gender and event group on age, BMI, sum of 6 skinfolds and somatotype. Forward stepwise discriminant analysis selected the most discriminating somatotype component between gender and/or event. Bivariate Pearson correlations between registered variables and international rankings per alpine ski event were examined for each gender separately. Results: Female speed specialists possessed more relative fat mass (P = 0.022) than female technical specialists. Irrespective of gender, technical specialists were lighter (P P = 0.008). Pearson values indicated moderate associations between speed rankings and body weight. High female speed rankings were associated with higher relative fat mass. High male speed rankings were associated with lower ectomorphy. Conclusion: Additional body weight appears to be beneficial in SPEED events. Fat mass correlated positively with higher rankings of female SPEED specialists. This observation should be monitored in female alpine skiers so that performance thresholds of relative body fat can be determined.","PeriodicalId":149660,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anthropology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132884222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

“ Yo fuí vendida ”: Reconsidering Peonage and Genocide in Western Amazonia “youfuí vendida”:重新考虑西亚马逊地区的奴隶制度和种族灭绝

Advances in Anthropology Pub Date : 2017-03-22 DOI: 10.4236/AA.2017.72004

R. Wasserstrom

引用次数: 3

Significance of Prenuptial Rituals as Ethnic Definitional Ceremonies among Immigrants 婚前仪式作为移民族群界定仪式的意义

Advances in Anthropology Pub Date : 2017-03-22 DOI: 10.4236/AA.2017.72005

R. Sharaby

引用次数: 3

The Geography as a Regulator of Genetic Flow and Genetic Structure in Andorra 地理作为安道尔遗传流动和遗传结构的调节器

Advances in Anthropology Pub Date : 2017-03-22 DOI: 10.4236/AA.2017.72008

Elena Campoy, A. González-Martín

{"title":"The Geography as a Regulator of Genetic Flow and Genetic Structure in Andorra","authors":"Elena Campoy, A. González-Martín","doi":"10.4236/AA.2017.72008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/AA.2017.72008","url":null,"abstract":"The Principality of Andorra is one of the smallest states in Europe. Traditionally its economy has been based on the agriculture and cattle ranch although in the last decades it has developed an important tourist activity that has become a collector of emigrants. The origin of marriage consorts has been analyzed in the six parishes that have traditionally constituted the Principality. In total, there have been 10,208 marriages covering a continuous period from 1606 to 1960. From this information, two migration matrices have been constructed, one general and one intra-population. The study of the first one shows the existence of a male migration to long distance, mainly from the nearby Catalan provinces. It also shows that the main parameter that regulates migration is geography and that it indirectly defines the language’s performance and political boundaries as the genetic filters. For the study of the intrapopulation matrix, two methods have been used. On the one hand, a tree has been constructed and has been linked to Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Different matrices have also been tested by applying the Mantel test. The results indicate that there is no asymmetry in the mobility of men and women in an intra-population level, a result that is justified by the demographic and social structure of the small population centers of the Pyrenees. It is also shown that geography is the main governing factor travel within the Principality. And finally, we can observe the existence of a genetic substructure in the Andorran population marked again by geography.","PeriodicalId":149660,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anthropology","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115873497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Depictions and Modelings of the Body Seen in Japanese Folk Religion: Connections to Yokai Images 日本民间宗教对身体的描绘和造型:与横井形象的联系

Advances in Anthropology Pub Date : 2017-03-22 DOI: 10.4236/AA.2017.72006

M. Yasui

{"title":"Depictions and Modelings of the Body Seen in Japanese Folk Religion: Connections to Yokai Images","authors":"M. Yasui","doi":"10.4236/AA.2017.72006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/AA.2017.72006","url":null,"abstract":"Hoping to clarify the abundant creative ability that produced Japanese yokai, I have examined depictions and modelings of these supernatural creatures of Japanese folklore. In particular, I have focused on yokai fashioned in the manner of hitotsume kozō, by altering part of the human body. In so doing, I thought that clues to the creation of yokai based on bodily motifs might be found in examples from folk religion of depicting or modeling the body. Accordingly I took up the topic of ema and the folk practice of offering these small wooden boards invested with prayers for recovery from disease and so forth. Among parts of the body drawn on ema, the eyes, hands, breasts, and female and male genitalia are common, but in this contribution I analyze in particular the mode of expression used in ema for eyes, breasts, and female genitalia. As a result, it became clear that the style of drawing seen in ema, of multiple eyes lined up or genitals and breasts depicted in exaggerated fashion, is linked to a considerable degree with the mode of expression used in creating bodily motif yokai. I believe this perspective may contribute to research clarifying views of the body and the creative power of people who produced and enjoyed yokai in the past.","PeriodicalId":149660,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126541171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Why Marx Was a Bad Driver: Alienation to Sensuality in the Anthropology of Automobility 为什么马克思是个糟糕的司机:汽车人类学中对感官的异化

Advances in Anthropology Pub Date : 2017-01-18 DOI: 10.4236/AA.2017.71001

A. Dawson

{"title":"Why Marx Was a Bad Driver: Alienation to Sensuality in the Anthropology of Automobility","authors":"A. Dawson","doi":"10.4236/AA.2017.71001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/AA.2017.71001","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary automobilities research is characterised by a fundamental paradox-recognition of driving as a sensate experience alongside a tendency to emphasise the driver’s sensory disengagement from, rather than engagement with the bodily, social and environmental contexts with which s/he interacts. In this article, which builds on previous empirical work I have published, only now in a more theoretical and comparative directions, I undertake three tasks. I locate automobilities researches’ concern with the senses in its broader contexts of substantive enquiry-namely, the “Mobilities Paradigm” and the social scientific study of the “Senses”. I posit the theoretical basis of the representation of sensory disengagement in driving in automobilities research, specifically in post-war Marxian thought and its critique of Capitalist Modernity and concern with alienation. Lastly, I review three anthropological case studies that represent sensory engagement in driving, one from Palestine, one from Turkey and my own from Bosnia and Herzegovina. I go on to suggest that the approach they share, which is indicative of a growing trend towards the anthropological study of automobilities, is valuable in two ways. It is a corrective to the inappropriate representation of sensory disengagement that is a characteristic of most automobilities research. Also, through its ability to convey sensory engagement in driving, I argue that it provides important insights on the contemporary nature of enduring, but now increasingly mobile social phenomena such as, as in these particular cases sectarian enclosure, class segregation, and ethnic-national transition.","PeriodicalId":149660,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anthropology","volume":"2005 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114195853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Excavated DNA from Two Khazar Burials 从两个哈扎尔墓葬中挖掘出的DNA

Advances in Anthropology Pub Date : 2017-01-18 DOI: 10.4236/AA.2017.71002

A. Klyosov, T. Faleeva

引用次数: 5

Applying Global Perspectives on Fragility to Improve US Communities 运用脆弱性的全球视角改善美国社区

Advances in Anthropology Pub Date : 2017-01-18 DOI: 10.4236/AA.2017.71003

Debra J. Bolton, F. M. Hernandez

引用次数: 0

Cameroon and the Gender Issue 喀麦隆与性别问题

Advances in Anthropology Pub Date : 2017-01-18 DOI: 10.4236/AA.2017.71004

Laurentine Mouchingam Mefire, B. Vissandjée, G. Bibeau

{"title":"Cameroon and the Gender Issue","authors":"Laurentine Mouchingam Mefire, B. Vissandjée, G. Bibeau","doi":"10.4236/AA.2017.71004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/AA.2017.71004","url":null,"abstract":"As African states have entered the global trend for women’s emancipation, many have then set up a “national gender policy”. However, that process seems to vary by country and by degree of cultural integration. The purpose of this article is to point out the obstacles blocking the implementation of the gender policy and negatively affect its social appropriation. It raises out the essential innovative mechanisms and argues that the process would need to be driven from the bottom up with direct involvement of target groups. From an anthropological perspective this article regarded at the Cameroon’s situation. So, an ethnographic study carried on during the recent years in Cameroon allowed questioning the relationships between central and decentralised State services, associative groups and political parties. As a matter of result it concludes that there is a need of reshaping those deontic links so as to guarantee that the gender policy document will not end up being just a theoretical text kept in closets. Concerning political parties they should relayed the promotion of the national gender policy. Furthermore strategic partnerships between State services and associative groups should be more coherent as well.","PeriodicalId":149660,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anthropology","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121891138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Probable Pagan Origin of an Ancient Jewish Custom: Purification with Red Heifer's Ashes 古代犹太习俗的可能的异教起源:用红母牛的灰烬净化

Advances in Anthropology Pub Date : 2016-09-26 DOI: 10.4236/AA.2016.64011

E. Lev, S. Lev-Yadun

引用次数: 1