Journal of affective disorders最新文献

{"title":"Association between working after retirement age and lower depressive symptoms among Korean older adults","authors":"Youngsun Park ,&nbsp;Heejoo Park ,&nbsp;Jian Lee ,&nbsp;Byungyoon Yun ,&nbsp;Jin-Ha Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The global older adult population is growing rapidly, with over 14 % of South Korea's population being aged ≥60 years. This trend is expected to increase societal and economic burdens. Employing older adults can mitigate labor shortages, improve health, and reduce depressive symptoms. However, limited research has investigated the correlation between working status and depression in older Korean individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, including 8142 participants aged ≥60 years, were analyzed. Employment status and depressive symptoms were assessed using structured questionnaires and the 10-item Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. A Generalized Estimating Equation model was used to evaluate the relationship between work status and depressive symptoms over a 2-year interval, after adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Continued employment was associated with fewer depressive symptoms (odds ratio: 0.63, 95 % confidence interval: 0.58–0.67). This association was stronger among participants with lower levels of education, lower income, and male sex. Both “non-working → working” and “working → working” transitions correlated with reduced depressive symptoms, particularly among pre-baby boomers. Baby boomers in the “working → working” group exhibited reduced symptoms. Employment status had a significant impact on depression compared with working hours.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings indicate that paid work enhances psychological well-being through social interactions and activities. Employment at aged ≥60 years is crucial for improving mental health and addressing socioeconomic challenges in Korea's aging society. Developing interventions to support post-retirement employment can enhance mental health and extend a healthy working life expectancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 119874"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response inhibition deficits in unmedicated youth with ADHD: An ERP/sLORETA study","authors":"Yixuan Xu ,&nbsp;Yexian Zeng ,&nbsp;Weizhen Yin ,&nbsp;Tong Fu ,&nbsp;Danping Hong ,&nbsp;Han Yang ,&nbsp;Zhihang Zhu ,&nbsp;Daomeng Cheng ,&nbsp;Caiping Dang ,&nbsp;Yan Song ,&nbsp;Miancong Li ,&nbsp;Yanling Zhou ,&nbsp;Chanjuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by impairments in executive functioning, particularly response inhibition (RI). This study combines time-domain analysis and source analyses of event-related potentials (ERPs) to explore the underlying neuropsychological mechanisms of RI deficits in unmedicated youth with ADHD, and assesses ERP features as potential biomarkers to differentiate ADHD from healthy controls (HCs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 52 unmedicated youth with ADHD (ages 6–12) and 53 HCs. ERPs were recorded using an oddball paradigm, followed by within- and between-group comparisons. Source localization analysis examined regional brain activation during task performance. Significant ERP features were then used in a machine learning classification model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to HCs, youth with ADHD exhibited prolonged mismatch negativity (MMN) latency at frontal (Fz) and posterior (Pz) electrodes, and reduced latency at the central (Cz) electrode. Source analysis indicated increased activation in the cuneus and superior temporal gyrus during the MMN-deviant condition, and enhanced activation in the superior parietal lobules, inferior frontal gyrus, and rectal gyrus during the MMN-novelty condition. Additionally, ADHD patients showed higher activation in the middle temporal and middle occipital gyri during the P300-target condition, and increased activation in the superior frontal gyrus and cuneus during the P300-non-target condition. Notably, the classification model achieved an area under curve (AUC) of 0.918 using MMN latency features.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Abnormal ERP patterns in unmedicated youth with ADHD may reflect impaired RI and have potential as neurobiological markers for the disorder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"391 ","pages":"Article 119880"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderating and mediating effects of dysmenorrhea pain severity in the relationship between body mass index and body appreciation among adult women with primary dysmenorrhea.","authors":"Guilherme Tavares de Arruda, Maria Eduarda Chinotti Batista da Silva, Pâmela Calixto de Moraes, Patricia Driusso, Mariana Arias Avila","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether dysmenorrhea severity moderates and/or mediates the association between body mass index (BMI) and body appreciation among women with primary dysmenorrhea (PD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional online study with 2026 women with PD. Participants were allocated into two groups according to their menstrual status: those who were menstruated and had current menstrual pain (CMP) and those who reported pain from their last menstrual period (LMP). We assessed bivariate relationships among BMI (Kg/cm²), pain severity (Numerical Rating Scale), and body appreciation (10-item Body Appreciation Scale), along with moderation and mediation for the same variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the LMP group, BMI was significantly and negatively correlated with body appreciation (r = -0.249, p < 0.001). Moderation analysis indicated that the negative association between BMI and body appreciation was stronger at lower pain severity (β = -0.045, p < 0.001), whereas higher pain severity attenuated this effect. Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that dysmenorrhea severity partially mediated the relationship between BMI and body appreciation (indirect effect β = -0.001, 95 % CI [-0.002, -0.001]), accounting for approximately 3 % of the total effect. No significant moderation or mediation effects were observed in the CMP group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dysmenorrhea severity plays a dual role - acting as both moderator and mediator - in linking higher BMI to lower body appreciation. These findings underscore the importance of integrating pain management with interventions designed to improve body appreciation in women with PD. Future longitudinal studies should further clarify these relationships and underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"119888"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive interviewing of the PHQ-A for depression screening among adolescents living with and without HIV in Malawi","authors":"Ashland C. Thompson ,&nbsp;Melissa A. Stockton ,&nbsp;Steven Mphonda ,&nbsp;Jerome Nyirenda ,&nbsp;Maureen Matewere ,&nbsp;Michael Udedi ,&nbsp;Kazione Kulisewa ,&nbsp;Bradley N. Gaynes ,&nbsp;Nivedita L. Bhushan","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression significantly affects adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly adolescents living with HIV (ALWH). In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where depression prevalence among ALWH ranges from 26 to 29 %, it is essential to screen for depressive symptoms despite the challenges of limited resources. The Patient Health Questionnaire-Adolescent (PHQ-A) is a widely used tool for depression screening, but its effectiveness for adolescents in Malawi has not been thoroughly explored. This study cognitive interview tested the PHQ-A for adolescents in Malawi with the goal of ensuring cultural appropriateness and improving the tool's sensitivity and specificity for the entire adolescent population.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study conducted cognitive interviews to explore conceptualizations of depression among both ALWH (<em>n</em> = 10) and adolescents without HIV (n = 10) in Malawi, assess the acceptability and comprehension of PHQ-A items, and adapt the PHQ-A for local use. The study involved adolescents (age 13–19 years), half of whom were living with HIV, who were recruited from two public health centers in Lilongwe.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings showed that participants were able to answer all PHQ-A items, but faced challenges comprehending questions 2 and 5, using Likert scales, the response period, and truthfully answering questions about suicidality. Additionally, Malawian adolescents perceive depression through cultural expressions involving heart issues, excessive thinking, and a focus on family and friends. ALWH interpreted some symptoms of the PHQ-A differently, yet they generally understood and responded to the questions similarly to adolescents without HIV.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While the PHQ-A is a widely used tool, its application among adolescents in Malawi requires further exploration and adaptation to ensure cultural relevance and accuracy in depression screening. This study underscores the importance of culturally sensitive mental health assessments to accurately screen adolescents and connect them with appropriate mental health services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 119863"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence: Concurrent and prospective associations between sleep duration and timing and postpartum anxiety symptoms.","authors":"Ling-juan Zhang ,&nbsp;Meng-meng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhan-kui Du","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119900","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 119900"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms throughout pregnancy in relation to obstetric outcomes","authors":"Elbert-Jaap I. Schipper ,&nbsp;Judith G.M. Rosmalen ,&nbsp;Klaas J. Wardenaar","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy have been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, it is unclear to what extent this depends on these symptoms' specific change-patterns during pregnancy. Therefore, we aimed to identify different trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy and to investigate their associations with obstetric outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We administered depression and anxiety questionnaires six times during pregnancy (<em>n</em> = 598) and extracted pregnancy-outcome information from obstetric records. We used growth mixture modeling (GMM) to estimate different depressive- and anxiety-symptom course-trajectories and multivariable regression analyses to investigate their associations with pregnancy outcomes, adjusting for known risk factors (e.g., smoking).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GMM identified four depressive-symptom and three anxiety-symptom trajectory-classes. Only depression trajectories showed associations with obstetric outcomes. Compared with a trajectory-class with stable low depression scores, a class with high and then decreasing scores showed a lower mean gestational age at delivery, and a class with stable moderate scores showed a higher mean birthweight and less frequent low Apgar scores. Overall, trajectory-classes showed limited associations with obstetric outcomes compared with the included known risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>The depression questionnaire applied may overestimate depression in pregnancy because it covers many somatic symptoms. The range of obstetric outcomes was limited.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Depressive-symptom course-trajectories during pregnancy were associated with some obstetric outcomes. However, their associations with obstetric risk seemed limited compared with known risk factors (e.g., smoking, primiparity), stressing the importance of considering a full range of factors when aiming to predict obstetric risk in research and practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 119876"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"The impact of anxiety on the risk of kidney stone disease: Insights into eGFR-mediated effects\".","authors":"Dan Liu, Yuan Du","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119898","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"119898"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Acid reflux medication use among adults with depressive symptoms","authors":"Zexu Tang ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Yang ,&nbsp;Jinwen Fang ,&nbsp;Xiangming Li ,&nbsp;Yinghua Yao ,&nbsp;E. Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119899","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 119899"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disruption of the retinoid X receptor-PPAR-γ axis is associated with appetite hormone dysregulation and cognitive dysfunction: A cross-sectional study of adolescents with first-episode bipolar disorder.","authors":"Mu-Hong Chen, Ju-Wei Hsu, Li-Chi Chen, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ya-Mei Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) axis in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) remains poorly understood. The relationship of RXR-PPAR-γ axis disruption with cognitive impairment and appetite hormone dysregulation has yet to be clearly established in individuals with BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 46 adolescents with first-episode BD and 46 age- and sex-matched neurotypical controls were enrolled in this study. All participants underwent assessments of RXR-α, PPAR-γ, and PPAR-γ coactivator (coA) 1α, as well as appetite-related hormones, including insulin, leptin, and adiponectin. Cognitive performance was evaluated using a visual divided attention task.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A generalized linear model with adjustments for demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, and medication use revealed that BD status was associated with significantly lower levels of PPAR-γ coA 1α (p = 0.029). Lower PPAR-γ coA 1α levels were significantly associated with longer mean reaction times (p = 0.038) and greater variability in reaction time (p = 0.004) during the visual divided attention task and higher insulin levels (p = 0.014).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Early-stage BD is characterized by the disruption of the RXR-PPAR-γ axis, as indicated by decreased PPAR-γ coA 1α levels. This disruption is further associated with cognitive impairment and appetite hormone dysregulation, particularly involving insulin. This study provides the first known direct evidence associating decreased PPAR-γ coA 1α levels with both impaired cognitive performance and disrupted insulin regulation in adolescents with first-episode BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"119908"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional causal relationship between depression and Type 2 diabetes: a multi-ancestry and sex stratified Mendelian Randomization analysis.","authors":"Hui-Yu Liu, Jun-Yan Xiang, Qiuhong Xie, Hongyu Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Observational studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between depression and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the causal relationships remain poorly understood, particularly in non-European and sex-stratified populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to evaluate the causal relationship between broadly defined depression and T2D across five ancestry groups (European, African, East Asian, South Asian, and Hispanic/Latin American), using the largest available multi-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. Additionally, sex-stratified MR analysis was conducted to determine if these causal relationships were sex-specific. Potential mediators of the depression-T2D relationship were further explored through two-step MR analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetic predisposition to depression was significantly associated with an increased risk of T2D in the European population, but not in other ancestry groups, although the analyses in some non-European cohorts had limited statistical power. Conversely, genetically predicted T2D showed no causal association with depression across any populations. Sex-stratified analysis revealed that the depression-T2D relationship existed in both males and females, while being more significant in females. Mediation analysis suggested that body mass index (BMI) and smoking behavior explained a significant portion of the causal pathway linking depression to T2D.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the importance of early screening for depressive symptoms and the promotion of healthy lifestyle interventions, such as weight management and smoking cessation, as preventive strategies for T2D in people with depression. Further research is needed to validate these ancestry- and sex-specific causal effects, especially in populations with limited statistical power.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"119879"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}