Journal of affective disorders最新文献

{"title":"Maternal warmth and depressive symptoms in children: The mediating role of children's responses to positive affect and the moderating role of peer emotion regulation","authors":"Liuhua Ying,&nbsp;Shuang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although poor negative emotion regulation is a known risk factor for childhood depression, the potential role of positive emotion regulation—particularly in interaction with maternal warmth and peer socialization in Chinese cultural contexts—remains understudied. This study explored whether children's responses to positive affect may mediate the relationship between maternal warmth and depressive symptoms, and whether peer emotion regulation might moderates these pathways. Participants included 489 Chinese children (<em>M</em> age = 11.06 years, <em>SD</em> = 1.22; 51.7 % female) who completed self-report measures of all main variables. Results showed a direct negative association between maternal warmth and child depressive symptoms, with two potential indirect pathways: positive rumination appeared linked to reduced symptoms, while dampening was associated with increased symptoms. Peer emotion regulation seemed to moderate only the positive mediation pathway, with the buffering effect of positive rumination on depressive symptoms appearing stronger when peer regulation was high. In contrast, the direct protective effect of maternal warmth was more pronounced at lower levels of peer regulation. These preliminary findings suggest that both children's responses to positive affect and peer emotional regulation may influence the extent to which maternal warmth is associated with reduced depressive symptoms. The results tentatively support the value of family-based interventions that target maternal warmth and adaptive positive rumination, especially when combined with peer-supported emotion regulation strategies, as a multi-system approach to alleviating childhood depressive symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 119713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating and forecasting global burden of mental disorders attributable to childhood sexual abuse or intimate partner violence: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","authors":"Ke-chen Xu ,&nbsp;Ying Xie ,&nbsp;Fang Chu ,&nbsp;Meng-ting Li ,&nbsp;Ze-qi Hao ,&nbsp;Collins Opoku Antwi ,&nbsp;Peter Darko Adjei ,&nbsp;Zi-yi Li ,&nbsp;Jun Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>As a leading global disease burden, mental disorders require critical assessment of related risk factors through disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years lived with disability (YLDs) to understand their public health impact.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>With the data available from 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD), we mainly focused on the effect of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and intimate partner violence (IPV) on global burden of mental disorders. We estimated numbers and the age-standardized rate (ASR) of DALYs/YLDs by sex, age, socio-demographic index (SDI), and country, and calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Moreover, we forecasted the DALYs/YLDs using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model from 2022 to 2050.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>From 1990 to 2021, the ASR of CSA-attributable DALYs/YLDs has declined from 18.25 (95 % uncertainty interval [UI] 9.04–31.13) to 18.08 (95%UI 8.75–30.97) per 100,000 population, while IPV-attributable ASR increased to 33.57 (95%UI 0.11–73.57) during the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021, the highest DALYs/YLDs rate was observed in the 40–45 age group. Females exhibited a higher number and ASR of DALYs/YLDs attributable to CSA than males, and as the sole victims of IPV, they are projected to experience a decline in both metrics from 2022 to 2050. Low-SDI regions consistently had the highest ASR of DALYs and YLDs. India, China, and the U.S. bear the greatest burden, with the U.S. showing the highest increasing trend (EAPC: 1.54 [95%UI 1.25–1.83]), while China exhibited a decline (EAPC: −1.88 [95%UI -2.14 to −1.61]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CSA and IPV are key risk factors for mental disorders. The burden imposed on women often attracted more attention in the past, but we see a rising trend in CSA in men. Certain countries like Singapore are doing well while others are struggling. Cross-country learning is thus put forward as important in managing CSA and IPV and their attendant mental disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 119717"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allostatic load partially mediates the association between number of stressful life events and cardiometabolic multimorbidity: A nationally representative cross sectional study from CHARLS","authors":"Lin Liu ,&nbsp;Xiuli Chen ,&nbsp;Yini Wang ,&nbsp;Qingfang Ye ,&nbsp;Ting Han ,&nbsp;Ping Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Stressful life events are independent psychological risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease, yet studies on cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) are scarce. This study aimed to examine the effects of stressful life events and their accumulation on the prevalence of CMM, as well as the mediating role of allostatic load in the association between accumulated stressful life events and CMM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 7493 participants from Wave 3 (2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. Stressful life events were assessed using five simple questions. CMM, defined as having two or more of cardiometabolic diseases, including diabetes, heart disease and stroke, was obtained through self-reports.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of CMM increased with the number of stressful life events, ranging from 5.73 % for one stressful life event to 6.61 % for two or more. In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratios (95 % confidence interval) for CMM were 1.49 (1.01–2.20) for participants experiencing marital problems and 1.93 (1.45–2.56) for those with functional disability. Compared with no stressful life events, an increasing number of stressful life events was associated with a higher risk of CMM (<em>P</em>-trend &lt;0.001). The mediation analysis results demonstrated that allostatic load was a significant mediator of the association between accumulated stressful life events and CMM, accounting for a mediated proportion of 16.7 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the general population, the presence of specific and cumulative stressful life events is associated with an increased prevalence of CMM, and allostatic load plays a crucial mediation effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 119711"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and predictors of suicidal ideation in patients with chronic schizophrenia: A large-scale study on the mediating roles of depression, insomnia and aggression","authors":"Guoshuai Luo ,&nbsp;Ke Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Rui Jiang ,&nbsp;Jianan Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of suicidal ideation (SI) in patients with chronic schizophrenia, focusing on the mediating roles of depression, insomnia, and aggression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1271 patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia in China. Participants were assessed using the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Mediation and serial mediation analyses were performed to examine the relationships among depression, insomnia, aggression, and SI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of SI was 16.44 %. Depression exhibited both direct and indirect effects on SI, mediated by insomnia (indirect effect = 0.255, 95 % CI [0.116, 0.426]) and aggression (indirect effect = 0.115, 95 % CI [0.014, 0.260]). Serial mediation analysis revealed a significant pathway: depression → insomnia → aggression → SI (β = 0.038, 95 % CI [0.003, 0.094]). Younger age, family history of mental illness, alcohol consumption, higher PANSS scores, and elevated HAMD and MOAS scores were significant predictors of SI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings highlight the high prevalence of SI in chronic schizophrenia and underscore the complex interplay of depression, insomnia, and aggression in increasing suicide risk. Targeted interventions addressing these mediators, particularly insomnia and aggression, may mitigate SI in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>The cross-sectional design precludes causal inferences. The sample was predominantly male and single, limiting generalizability. Self-reported measures may introduce bias, and medication effects were not controlled.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 119721"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing efficacies of different transcranial magnetic stimulation targeting methods for depression: A meta-analysis","authors":"Sirui Wang ,&nbsp;Qingan Weng ,&nbsp;Gai Kong ,&nbsp;Guanfu Wu ,&nbsp;Huiru Cui ,&nbsp;Zhenying Qian ,&nbsp;Lihua Xu ,&nbsp;Junjie Wang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Huang ,&nbsp;Jijun Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Li ,&nbsp;Yingying Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Transcranial magnetic stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is widely used to treat patients with major depressive disorder. The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is located using the “5 cm”, F3, or neuro-navigational methods. However, whether treatment efficacy differs according to the method used remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines were followed. Randomized controlled trials that compared the efficacy of sham with active transcranial magnetic stimulation using at least one of the three targeting methods or compared different targeting methods in active transcranial magnetic stimulation were selected. The data were independently extracted by two authors and discrepancies were resolved by a third author. The primary outcome was the change in the severity of depressive symptoms. The secondary outcomes were acceptability (drop-out rate) and tolerability (incidence of adverse events).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Network meta-analysis of 63 randomized controlled trials involving 3080 participants showed that active transcranial magnetic stimulation using the neuro-navigational (standardized mean difference = 1.19, 95 % confidence interval = 0.55–1.84) and “5 cm” methods (standardized mean difference = 1.13, 95 % confidence interval = 0.79–1.47) had greater anti-depressant efficacy than sham transcranial magnetic stimulation. The neuro-navigational method had the highest surface under the cumulative ranking curve score (79.3), followed by the “5 cm” method (73.9) and the F3 method (40.1). Neuro-navigation also exhibited the lowest drop-out rate and the highest incidence of adverse events.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Transcranial magnetic stimulation using neuro-navigation was associated with good efficacy, high acceptability, and low tolerability compared with sham transcranial magnetic stimulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 119712"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene expression profiles associated with gray matter and dynamic connectivity disruptions in major depressive disorder","authors":"Danni Chen ,&nbsp;Qinghe Li ,&nbsp;Yinuo Xiao ,&nbsp;Yuting Guo ,&nbsp;Wanying Jing ,&nbsp;Kaili Che ,&nbsp;Fanghui Dong ,&nbsp;Heng Ma ,&nbsp;Feng Zhao ,&nbsp;Haifeng Lian ,&nbsp;Xicheng Song ,&nbsp;Chao Ren ,&nbsp;Tongpeng Chu ,&nbsp;Ning Mao ,&nbsp;Peiyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To identify biomarkers linking molecular mechanisms to macroscale brain changes in major depressive disorder (MDD) by integrating multimodal neuroimaging, transcriptomics, and machine learning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>First, T1-weighted and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from 160 first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients and 119 age-/sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) analyses were conducted to generate case-control t-maps. Next, minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (mRMR) was applied for feature selection, followed by support vector machine (SVM) modeling for diagnostic classification and symptom prediction. Subsequently, partial least squares (PLS) regression was employed to examine the link between case-control t-maps and gene expression. Finally, the findings were validated using two independent cohorts and alternative brain atlases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with MDD exhibited gray matter reductions in bilateral inferior frontal gyri and dFC disruptions between default mode and sensorimotor networks (all <em>P</em>_FDR &lt; 0.05). The models classifier built on multimodal imaging features achieved high diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.92 [0.80–0.97], sensitivity = 0.84, specificity = 0.87, accuracy = 0.83) and accurately predicted symptom severity (HAMD: <em>r</em> = 0.614, NGASR: <em>r</em> = 0.581, MoCA: <em>r</em> = 0.707; all <em>P</em>_FDR &lt; 0.05). Neuroimaging-transcriptome integration identified 884 genes associated with structural-functional alterations (|Z| &gt; 3, <em>P</em>_FDR &lt; 0.05), enriched in protein localization/trafficking, RNA metabolism, and chromatin organization. Replication analyses confirmed the model's robust generalizability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Multimodal imaging and transcriptomic integration revealed reliable biomarkers and underlying molecular pathways, supporting personalized diagnosis and intervention in MDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 119697"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis capsular K1 serotype IgG seropositivity is associated with moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms during the first trimester of pregnancy.","authors":"Teodor T Postolache, Qiong Sha, Eric Achtyes, Abhishek Wadhawan, Aline Dagdag, Niel T Constantine, Lisa A Brenner, Maureen E Groer, Yvonne M Edgerly, Janna Volkov, Kuei-Ling Hsu, Joshua Joseph, Andrew J Hoisington, Vivek Thumbigere-Math, Robert E Schifferle, Christopher A Lowry, Robert K Ernst, Richard Leach, Lena Brundin, Mark A Reynolds","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontal disease (PD) is a common oral infection that is often exacerbated during pregnancy. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a keystone PD pathogen, promotes systemic inflammation, depressive-like behavior in animals, and can translocate to the brain and genital tract. Its capsular antigens (K1-K7) are key virulence factors. We hypothesized that seropositivity to specific P. gingivalis capsular K serotypes is associated with depressive symptoms and systemic inflammation during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a prospective cohort of pregnant women (N = 114), depressive symptoms were assessed in each trimester of pregnancy using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Rating Scale (EPDS, ≥13 denoting moderate-to-severe depression symptoms). Plasma IgG antibodies against P. gingivalis K1-K7 serotypes and proinflammatory cytokines were measured. Statistical analyses included Firth's bias-reduced logistic regression and mixed-effects linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 25 % of participants were seropositive for at least one K serotype. IgG seropositivity to P. gingivalis K1 serotype was significantly associated with moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms during the first trimester (EPDS≥13; P = 0.035). Additionally, aggregated K seropositivity was significantly associated with elevated plasma IL-10 levels during the first trimester (P < 0.05, adjusted for multiple comparisons). Other cytokines were unrelated to P. gingivalis K seropositivity.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>We did not assess clinical or radiological manifestations of PD, antibodies to non-capsular P. gingivalis antigens, or the presence of other PD pathogens.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest the importance of integrating IgG K seropositivity (which, in addition to local oral pathogens may also reflect their distal translocation) with clinical, bacteriological and radiological measures when studying associations between periodontal disease and affective dysregulation in pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"119710"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between folate intake and suicidal ideation: NHANES 2005-2018 and Mendelian randomization.","authors":"Ling Feng, Shandie Li, Chaorui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous findings indicated that there was an association between folate intake and suicidal behaviors. Nevertheless, whether folate intake influences suicidal ideation remains inconclusive. Consequently, this research focuses on investigating the link between folate intake and suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data utilized came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, with a coverage period of 2005-2018. We examined the correlation between folate intake and suicidal ideation by applying weighted logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) models, and subgroup analysis. Mendelian randomization (MR) was utilized as an instrumental variable method to evaluate the potential causality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NHANES analysis revealed a non-linear inverse relationship between folate intake and suicidal ideation (P for nonlinear: 0.014). After adjusting for all covariates, participants in the fourth quartile of folate intake demonstrated a 38 % diminished risk of suicidal ideation relative to those in the first quartile, for each incremental unit of folate intake (OR: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.44-0.89). Subgroup analysis revealed that the relationship between folate intake and suicidal ideation remained consistent across gender, race, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension and depression (P for interaction>0.05). Nevertheless, the Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was unable to show causality between folate intake and suicidal ideation (OR: 0.944, 95%CI: 0.788-1.131, P: 0.533).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An inverse connection was observed between folate intake and suicidal ideation, but no causal relationship was established.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"119730"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of emotion dysregulation and rumination in predicting premenstrual symptom severity in premenstrual disorders and elevated anxiety or depression","authors":"Anagha M. Kaluve,&nbsp;Bronwyn M. Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) are prevalent and cause significant distress, yet their psychological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Previous research has linked emotion dysregulation with premenstrual symptoms, but it has often relied on retrospective self-reports, which are prone to bias, and rarely compared PMDD with the milder PMS. Additionally, past studies have not differentiated the heightened emotion dysregulation seen in PMDD from that typically observed in other affective conditions. To address these gaps, we examined the association between emotion dysregulation and premenstrual symptoms in a sample of menstruating individuals meeting criteria for provisional PMDD (<em>N</em> = 39), PMS (<em>N</em> = 160), elevated depression or anxiety (DEPANX; <em>N</em> = 88), and controls (<em>N</em> = 172). All participants completed questionnaires on premenstrual symptom severity and trait global emotion dysregulation, rumination, reappraisal, and suppression. A subset of participants completed a sad mood induction task (PMDD/PMS combined: <em>N</em> = 104; DEPANX: <em>N</em> = 54; Control: <em>N</em> = 161) and reported in vivo use of emotion regulation strategies. Compared to controls, all groups reported greater in vivo and trait rumination, higher trait emotion dysregulation, and lower trait reappraisal. The PMDD group endorsed greater rumination and emotion dysregulation than both the PMS and DEPANX groups. Greater trait emotion dysregulation and rumination predicted higher premenstrual symptom severity across groups. Rumination was the strongest predictor of premenstrual symptom severity between groups, compared to other emotion dysregulation measures. These findings raise the possibility that emotion dysregulation, particularly rumination, plays a role in the aetiology and/or maintenance of impairing premenstrual symptoms, although longitudinal research is needed to further explore these relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 119705"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multicentric study examining a deep-learning-based computer model for classifying bipolar disorder using retinal vascular images","authors":"Vaishak Harish ,&nbsp;Anantha Padmanabha ,&nbsp;Abhishek Appaji ,&nbsp;Pradeep Palaniappan ,&nbsp;Raghavendra Nayak ,&nbsp;Arpitha Jacob ,&nbsp;Prakash Kamaraj ,&nbsp;Syed Ummar ,&nbsp;R. Sureshkumar ,&nbsp;Vijay Kumar ,&nbsp;Shivarama Varambally ,&nbsp;Muralidharan Kesavan ,&nbsp;Ganesan Venkatasubramanian ,&nbsp;Shyam Vasudeva Rao ,&nbsp;Carroll A.B. Webers ,&nbsp;Tos T.J.M. Berendschot ,&nbsp;Naren P. Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Due to easy accessibility, the retina is considered a window to the brain. Recent studies have reported retinal vascular abnormalities in bipolar disorder. Deep learning analysis, an advanced computational approach, has been implemented in medicine for diagnosis using retinal vascular images. However, deep learning analysis has not been implemented to classify patients with bipolar disorder and healthy individuals using retinal vascular images to date.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 383 subjects participated in the study (188 patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD) and 195 Healthy Volunteers(HV)). 327 subjects were classified as the training dataset, and the remaining 56 subjects were classified as the test dataset. We acquired retinal fundus images using a non-mydriatic fundus camera. We applied an optimized convolutional neural network (CNN) model for the current analysis. The model was trained using the training dataset and its transfer learning ability was tested in the test dataset.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall metrics of the CNN for the training dataset are 88.0 % sensitivity, 85.7 % specificity, 96.2 % positive predictive value, and 83.7 % negative predictive value. The model parameters were close to each other, suggesting a balanced model. The model achieved high performance in the test dataset; accuracy = 85.7 %, sensitivity = 83.3 %; specificity = 92.9 %, and positive predictive value = 83.3 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Diagnostic markers are the need of the hour in psychiatry. The CNN model differentiated BD patients and HV with greater accuracy. Replicating the findings in a non-overlapping, independent, test dataset suggests the potential for transfer learning and clinical utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 119718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}