Journal of affective disorders最新文献

{"title":"Real-time EEG-triggered transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with group therapy for adolescents with depression and self-harm behavior: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Hong Liu, Shaowei Liu, Ming Yu, Bo Xin, Yanju Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of real-time EEG-triggered repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with group therapy versus rTMS alone over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in adolescents with depression and self-harm behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A parallel-group randomized controlled trial (RCT) enrolled 160 inpatients aged 12-18 years with depression and recent self-harm (≤2 weeks prior) from June to December 2024. Participants were 1:1 randomized to rTMS alone (control, n = 80) or rTMS plus group therapy (observation, n = 80).</p><p><strong>Primary outcome: </strong>4-week change in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) scores. Secondary outcomes included anxiety (HAMA-14), suicide risk (SPS), self-harm severity, and neurophysiological markers measured by resting-state EEG (α/θ power, θ/β ratio) and event-related potentials (P300 latency/amplitude) from a task-evoked paradigm. Randomization used computer-generated block sequences (size = 4) with sealed-envelope concealment; outcome assessors were blinded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics were balanced. Intention-to-treat analysis showed greater HAMD-24 reduction in the observation group (-14.5 ± 3.2 vs. -9.8 ± 2.9, P < 0.001). Observation group also had significant improvements in HAMA-14 (-10.2 ± 2.5 vs. -6.7 ± 2.1, P < 0.001), SPS (-12.3 ± 4.1 vs. -7.9 ± 3.5, P < 0.001), self-harm severity (-8.7 ± 2.8 vs. -4.9 ± 2.3, P < 0.001), and neurophysiological indices (shorter P300 latency, lower θ/β ratio, all P < 0.001). No severe adverse events occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Real-time EEG-triggered rTMS combined with group therapy demonstrates superior efficacy in improving clinical symptoms and neurophysiological markers for adolescents with depression and self-harm, offering a potential optimized intervention strategy.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT07047534).</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120144"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns and transitions of physical, psychological, and behavioral health across adulthood: A latent transition analysis of the roles of childhood and adulthood adversities.","authors":"Shan Jiang, Chengkun Jin, Ruoyu Du, Zurong Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite growing recognition of health as a multidimensional construct, few studies have examined how physical, psychological, and behavioral health dimensions coalesce and evolve across the transition from young to middle adulthood, especially within the context of life-course adversities. Existing research often focuses on isolated health indicators or overlooks the dynamic, fluid nature of health over time. Additionally, the combined effects of childhood and adulthood adversities on health transitions remain underexplored. This study addresses these gaps by employing latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify health classes at distinct developmental stages and latent transition analysis (LTM) to examine the stability and predictors influencing transitions between these states. The analysis includes 2798 individuals from four waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. We identified three consistent health profiles-healthy, moderately healthy, and troubled-and tracked how individuals transitioned between these profiles over time. Our findings demonstrate that both childhood and adulthood adversities, including emotional abuse, community violence, and homelessness, significantly influence health deterioration and limit recovery. Notably, our moderation analysis revealed that men were less likely than women to transition out of poor health following childhood adversities, underscoring the need for gender-sensitive interventions. This study contributes to a more dynamic, life-course-informed understanding of health and emphasizes the importance of trauma-informed, gender-responsive interventions. By addressing the interplay of multiple health dimensions and adversities, this research provides critical insights for developing targeted policies and interventions aimed at improving long-term health outcomes and promoting health equity across the lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of metabolic dysfunction on depressive symptom trajectories: A one-year follow-up study.","authors":"Christophe Longpré-Poirier, Nicolas Garel, Eugénie Samson-Daoust, Cécile Le Page, Ahmed Jérôme Romain, Stéphane Guay, Paul Lespérance, Robert-Paul Juster","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored the role of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and health-related behaviors in the progression of depressive symptoms over a one-year naturalistic follow-up in patients with depressive disorder. Using data from 153 participants recruited through the Signature Biobank at a psychiatric emergency setting, we tested whether MetS mediated the relationship between health-related behaviors such as smoking, alcohol and drug use, and sleep, and depressive symptom trajectories. Linear mixed models revealed that while depressive symptoms significantly decreased over time, higher MetS score was associated with a slower improvement in depressive symptoms. However, health-related behaviors did not independently predict depressive symptoms, nor did they exert significant indirect effects through MetS. Smoking, alcohol, and drug use, as well as sleep efficiency, showed no direct or mediated association with depression over time. These findings suggest that MetS may represent a biological vulnerability contributing to unfavorable depression trajectories, independent of common behavioral risk factors. The persistent increase in MetS scores over time supports its potential role as a moderator of treatment response, possibly through mechanisms related to inflammation and neuroendocrine dysregulation. Although limitations such as self-reported measures and the acute nature of the clinical population may affect generalizability, this study highlights the importance of addressing metabolic dysfunction in depression management. Future research should further investigate the biological underpinnings linking MetS and depression to inform more personalized and effective therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120203"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence: \"Inflammation as a mediator between adverse childhood experiences and adult depression: A meta-analytic structural equation model\".","authors":"Lawrence Maayan","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spousal depressive symptoms and partner's subsequent risk of cardiovascular diseases: A nationwide population-based prospective study in China.","authors":"Yujia Guo, Wenhua Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between spousal depressive symptoms and cardiovascular risk remains understudied despite established links between individual depression and cardiovascular outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from 6651 married Chinese adults (≥45 years) in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2018), we examined associations between spousal depressive symptoms and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) using Cox proportional hazards models. Cox models with penalized splines were performed to explore the dose-response relationship. Marginal structural models examined how changes in spousal depressive symptoms over time related to CVD risk. Four-way decomposition analysis quantified the mediating and modifying role of individual depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spouses with depressive symptoms were associated with increased CVD risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.26, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.51 for men; HR: 1.29, 95 % CI: 1.08-1.54 for women). Dose-response analyses revealed similar linear patterns in both genders, with each unit increase in spousal depressive symptom score associated with progressive increases in CVD risk. Persistent spousal depressive symptoms were associated with significantly higher CVD risk in both men (HR: 1.44, 95 % CI: 1.04-1.98) and women (HR: 1.51, 95 % CI: 1.08-2.12), while recently remitted or recent-onset symptoms showed no significant associations. Women's own depressive symptoms mediated 26.3 % of this association, while no evidence of mediation was observed in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spousal depressive symptoms represent an important, underrecognized CVD risk factor, highlighting the need for couple-based approaches to mental health care and cardiovascular management, particularly for couples where one partner has persistent depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120266"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dietary mineral intake with depression in overweight or obese adults: A cross-sectional study in the United States.","authors":"Siqiao Wang, Na Luo, Jiahui Jiang, Chenyi Zhu, Xiao Hu, Wei Xu, Zhourui Wu, Chen Li, Zhihui Xiao, Bei Ma, Lei Huang, Liming Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study explored the association between mineral intake and depression in overweight/obese adults in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was performed using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2015 to 2018. Depression was evaluated using the PHQ-9 questionnaire. The participants were divided into overweight/obesity group and non-overweight/obesity group according to whether BMI ≥ 25 kg/m². Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between mineral intake and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 8204 adults were included in this study. Univariate logistic regression model showed the higher intake of phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, sodium, potassium, and calcium (all p < 0.001) in overweight/obese people was associated with lower depression risk. In non-overweight/obese individuals, multivariate models showed higher magnesium intake (Q3 vs. Q1: OR = 0.615, p = 0.042) and sodium intake (Q2-Q4 vs. Q1: p < 0.05) were associated with lower depression risk. The negative correlation between depression risk and the intake of phosphorus (Q2: p = 0.004), magnesium (Q2: p = 0.016; Q3: p = 0.009), iron (Q2: p = 0.019; Q3: p = 0.001), zinc (Q2: p = 0.003), copper (Q2: p = 0.001; Q3: p = 0.001; Q4: p = 0.025), sodium (Q2: p = 0.007), and potassium (Q2: p = 0.006) is more prominent in overweight/obese women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Appropriate mineral supplementation for overweight/obese individuals may reduce the depression risk, especially in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120080"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin's psychological benefits in Type 2 diabetes: A call for further exploration.","authors":"Xiaozhi Chen, Zhiqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identify key environmental factors and neglected genetic SNPs associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder by two-sample multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Yongheng Wang, Weiye Qian, Haoyu Sun, Juan Zhao, Mingdao Mu, Zhiyuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder characterized by recurrent, intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. The association between environmental factors and OCD remains incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied two-sample multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis by using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables to analyze the possible associations between environmental factors and OCD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed that depressive symptoms (p-value = 0.0004, OR = 3.234), neuroticism (p-value = 0.0001, OR = 2.502), and educational attainment (p-value = 0.021, OR = 1.467) are significant risk factors for OCD. Conversely, adventurousness (p-value = 0.044, OR = 0.669), eczema (p-value = 0.004, OR = 0.253), and subjective well-being (p-value = 0.002, OR = 0.304) appear to be significant protective factors. In addition, the heterogeneity test for these six environmental factors indicated no significant variations present in this study. The horizontal pleiotropy analysis showed that certain neglected SNPs impact OCD only indirectly through environmental factors, but do not directly influence this disease. By SNP-gene mapping analysis, 11 genes and 11 SNPs were present in those three risk factors. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that these genes were significantly enriched in the pathways of neurodevelopmental disorder.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our identification of these environmental factors and SNPs significantly advances the understanding of and potential treatments for OCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120181"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mentalization and Emotional-Cognitive Rigidity as predictors of esketamine's effects on Treatment-Resistant Depression: Findings from a prospective observational study.","authors":"Miriam Olivola, Filippo Mazzoni, Barbara Tarantino, Alessandro Guffanti, Matteo Marcatili, Federico Luigi Motta, Ranieri Domenico Cornaggia, Vassilis Martiadis, Tiziano Prodi, Pierluigi Politi, Natascia Brondino, Giovanni Martinotti, Massimo Clerici, Bernardo Dell'Osso","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) remains a major challenge in the management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Esketamine, the S-enantiomer of ketamine and a glutamatergic modulator, has been approved by the FDA and EMA for TRD in 2019. Beyond its rapid antidepressant effects, esketamine may enhance neuroplasticity, facilitating the reconnection with emotional and cognitive processes, improving mentalization, social cognition and promoting resilience.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This prospective multicenter observational study aimed to evaluate esketamine's therapeutic impact on depressive symptoms and explore whether psychological and clinical factors-including mentalization, psychache, social cognition, suicidality, and cognitive-emotional rigidity-could predict treatment response, enabling a more personalized approach to TRD management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six TRD patients treated with esketamine were assessed over a six-month follow-up period using psychometric measures of depression severity, suicidality, mentalization, social cognition, psychache, and cognitive-emotional rigidity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant association emerged between mentalization deficits and depressive symptoms. Specifically, patients with poor baseline mentalization abilities exhibited higher Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores both at baseline and throughout follow-up. In contrast, greater cognitive rigidity appeared to have a protective role, potentially mitigating negative thinking and providing emotional stability, which may enhance resilience to stressors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of a personalized treatment approach in TRD. Esketamine may be particularly beneficial in reducing cognitive rigidity, improving mentalization, and breaking the cognitive inflexibility that contributes to sustained negative depressive thinking patterns. Further research is needed to refine patient stratification and optimize treatment strategies for individuals with TRD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145000597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring why adolescents of disadvantaged family socio-economic status were more depressed than others: Serial mediations via personal psychological resources, loneliness, and school refusal functions.","authors":"Yanqiu Yu, Juliet Honglei Chen, Anise M S Wu, Guohua Zhang, Dong-Wu Xu, Xinwei Lyu, Deborah Baofeng Wang, Mengni Du, Joseph T F Lau","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disadvantageous family socio-economic status (DFSES) is a potential source of disparity in adolescent mental health. This study investigated the association between DFSES and probable depression and its mediation mechanisms via personal psychological resources (hope and resilience), loneliness, and school refusal functions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A school-based anonymous survey was conducted among 8285 middle school students in China from February to March 2022; the response/eligible rate was 98.6 %/88.4 % (n = 8169/7321). The DFSES index counted the number of five unfavorable conditions (not living with both parents, either the father's or the mother's education level was primary school or below, self-reported poor/very poor household financial situation, and single-parent family). Probable depression was defined as the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire score ≥ 10.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of probable depression was 18.9 %. The proportions endorsing nil/1/2/≥3 DFSES conditions were 49.4 %/30.4 %/15.1 %/5.1 %. Adjusting for age and sex, DFSES was positively associated with probable depression. Such an association was fully mediated by three 2-step indirect paths (via personal psychological resources of hope and resilience, loneliness, and school refusal functions, respectively) and two 3-step serial mediation (via personal psychological resources then school refusal functions, and via loneliness and then school refusal); the mediation effect size ranged from 8.8 % to 23.5 %.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DFSES was a significant factor of adolescent depression. Modifications of the personal psychological resources of hope and resilience, loneliness, and school refusal functions might mitigate such potentially harmful effects of DFSES. Future longitudinal and intervention studies are warranted to verify the findings and reduce adolescent depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120220"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}