Journal of affective disorders最新文献

{"title":"Predicting adolescent suicide risk using integrated data from adolescents, parents and siblings: An analysis of multiple machine learning models.","authors":"Wenbang Niu, Hui Yu, Jiaqi Li, Zeming Zhang, Rumiao Pan, Ao Liu, Zhihao Ma, Runsen Chen, Yuanyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.119988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescent suicide is a critical public health issue, yet accurately predicting suicide risk remains challenging. Few studies integrate adolescents' self-reports with mental health, especially suicidality assessments from parents and siblings. This study employed machine learning (ML) models - Random Forest, XGBoost and LightGBM - to analyze 169 demographic, socio-relational, mental health, and functional variables from 7286 adolescents and one of their parents and siblings (N = 21858) to identify key predictors of suicide risk. There were 14.8 % of the adolescents at risk. Family-triad-models, which used all data from target adolescent, their sibling and parent, achieved consistent patterns in variable importance for predicting suicidality, with AUROC scores ranging from 0.875 to 0.877. All nine top predictors identified by all three ML methods originated from adolescents' self-reports, with emotional difficulties as the most important predictor, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) per ±1SD being 1.59 [95 % CI 1.46-1.73]. In family-proxy-models, which excluded the 56 self-reported variables from the target adolescent, predictive accuracy declined but remained sufficient (AUROC: 0.621 to 0.625). Four variables were identified by all three ML methods, with parents' reports of the target adolescent's emotional difficulties being the strongest, aOR ± 1SD being 1.47 [95 % CI 1.39-1.56]. Machine learning can effectively leverage adolescents' self-reports to predict suicide risk accurately. Even when adolescents' self-reports are unavailable due to their unwillingness to disclose information, family members' reports alone provide a sufficiently accurate basis for prediction. Moreover, emotional difficulties perceived by both adolescents and parents are crucial indicators of suicidality.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"119988"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144760113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of HPT axis hormones with metabolic comorbidities among individuals with and without anxiety: A population-based study.","authors":"Rumeng Chen, Zhiwei Zheng, Menghua Liu, Yining Ding, Shuling Xu, Chunyan Hou, Meihua Bao, Binsheng He, Jia Liu, Sen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether anxiety modifies the association between hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis hormone levels and comorbid metabolic disorders (CMDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 7298 NHANES (2007-2012) participants were used to examine associations between HPT axis hormones and CMDs. Weighted logistic and robust Poisson regressions estimated associations; restricted cubic splines (RCS) assessed nonlinear trends; weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression evaluated combined hormone effects. Interaction and stratified analyses were conducted to assess modification by anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HPT axis hormones showed significant associations with CMDs. Higher FT3 was inversely associated with congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease (CHD), and diabetes, but positively linked to CMD conditions, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and Metabolic syndrome (MetS). FT4 was negatively associated with obesity and dyslipidemia, yet positively with CHF, stroke and diabetes. Anxiety significantly modified these associations, notably FT3 with MetS (P_interaction = 0.035) and TT3 with diabetes (P_interaction = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HPT axis hormones show significant associations with CMDs, with differing patterns observed across groups. Therefore, it is of clinical significance to pay attention to HPT function in the anxious population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120006"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic profiling of human plasma for anxiety and depression: Discovery of potential biomarkers and mechanistic insights.","authors":"Chaoying Ding, Wanqing Qi, Hongdi Tu, Yuanyuan Wang, Tianyang Zhang, Hongpeng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the predictive potential of specific plasma proteins for the onset of anxiety and depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the UK Biobank included individuals diagnosed with depression, anxiety, or both conditions, as well as baseline proteomic profiles. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were utilized to assess the associations between protein levels and disease. Essential biological processes underlying disease mechanisms were determined. A machine learning framework combining LightGBM with sequential forward selection (SFS) was applied to develop optimal predictive protein and visualized via SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) plots. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to assess the predictive accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After excluding participants with self-reported or baseline psychiatric conditions, the three cohorts comprised 48,072, 50,555, and 46,762 participants. GDF15 (depression: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.63, P = 3.21 × 10^-74; anxiety: HR = 1.45, P = 9.49 × 10^-38; co-occurrence: HR = 1.52, P = 1.85 × 10^-14), PLAUR (depression: HR = 2.27, P = 1.07 × 10^-44; anxiety: HR = 1.94, P = 3.56 × 10^-33; co-occurrence: HR = 2.11, P = 1.92 × 10^-11), and TNFRSF10B (depression: HR = 1.35, P = 1.07 × 10^-39; anxiety: HR = 1.30, P = 5.11 × 10^-29; co-occurrence: HR = 1.34, P = 3.11 × 10^-11) were strongly associated with both psychiatric disorders. When combined with demographic indicators, PIGR (AUC = 0.626), a panel of 16 proteins (AUC = 0.617), and PLAUR (AUC = 0.588) demonstrated clinically meaningful predictive value for depression, anxiety, and the co-occurrence of both disorders, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies plasma proteomic alterations associated with the onset of depression and anxiety, highlighting their potential for advancing personalized mental health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120067"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mendelian randomization analysis of lipids traits and lipid-lowering drug-targets in relation to cognitive status.","authors":"Jiajing Fu, Zhaoli Zhang, Yi Xu, Liuhu Han, Huimin Fan, Yao Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive impairment is increasingly prevalent among older adults, posing a major public health challenge. While lipid-lowering medications are widely used to manage dyslipidemia in this population, the causal relationship between lipid levels and cognitive function remains unclear. This study investigates genetically- predicted lipid traits, lipid-lowering drug-targets, and their associations with cognitive status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genetic variants associated with lipid features or lipid-lowering drug-targets were identified using data from the GLGC. Cognitive summary statistics were obtained from six independent GWAS datasets. Significant drug-targets were further assessed using SMR and co-localization to account for potential confounding effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant associations were found between lipid traits or eight of the nine lipid-reducing drug-targets and cognitive outcomes. However, genetic inhibition of NPC1L1 was associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment across three distinct datasets (β1 = -0.191 [95 % CI: -0.307 to -0.075], p = 0.023; β2 = -0.288 [95 % CI: -0.394 to -0.182], p = 5.616 × 10^-6; β3 = -0.488 [95 % CI: -0.760 to -0.217], p = 0.011). SMR analysis revealed significant associations between NPC1L1 expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue and cognitive outcomes (β1 = 0.020 [95 % CI: 0.003 to 0.037], p = 0.019; β2 = 0.026 [95 % CI: 0.009 to 0.043], p = 0.003; β3 = 0.054 [95 % CI: 0.009 to 0.099], p = 0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings do not support dyslipidemia as a causal factor for cognitive impairment. However, NPC1L1 inhibition, as targeted by ezetimibe, may increase the risk of cognitive decline, independent of its lipid-lowering effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolving global burden of ADHD: A comprehensive analysis and future projections (1990-2046).","authors":"Chun Wang, Liyan Hou, Hang Zhou, Qian Wang, Hongting Yan, Yue Lang, Jing Tan, Yanzhi Liu, Yusong Ge, Yongzhong Lin, Ce Fu, Jianqiao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, affecting cognitive, behavioral, and social functions, and imposing a substantial global economic burden.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>ADHD often persists into adulthood, creating ongoing challenges for healthcare systems worldwide. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the global ADHD disease burden, including future projections to inform long-term public health strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The global incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for ADHD in 2021 were assessed by age-standardized rates. Temporal trends from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) derived from log-linear regression models, while cluster analysis examined regional variations across the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) regions. Future projections for ADHD burden over the next 25 years were made using ARIMA and BAPC models.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Between 1990 and 2021, global ADHD incidence, prevalence, and DALYs increased by 9.92 %, 18.71 %, and 18.57 %, respectively, with the highest burden among children and adolescents. Males consistently exhibited higher rates across all measures. High and high-middle Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions experienced an increase in ADHD burden, whereas low SDI regions showed stable or declining trends. BAPC projections indicate continued growth in ADHD cases, with a particularly steep rise anticipated among females, indicating a potential narrowing of the historical gender gap in ADHD prevalence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ADHD remains a major global health issue, with significant disparities across regions, genders, and socio-demographic groups. Targeted, evidence-based healthcare strategies are crucial to address these challenges and mitigate ADHD socio-economic impact globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New, but too much - A comment on \"new form of addiction: An emerging hazardous addiction problem of milk tea among youths\".","authors":"Ru Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120056"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144855235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Questionable prospective decreasing effect of internet use on depression: A simulated reanalysis and comment on Liu et al. (2024).","authors":"Kimmo Sorjonen, Bo Melin","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120053"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven cognitive subtypes in major depressive disorder: Grey matter atrophy in the left fusiform gyrus and cerebellum.","authors":"Yuanmei Tao, Yushun Yan, Min Wang, Huanhuan Fan, Yikai Dou, Liansheng Zhao, Rongjun Ni, Jinxue Wei, Xiao Yang, Xiaohong Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to apply a semi-supervised machine learning approach for classifying major depressive disorder (MDD) patients into more homogeneous cognitive subtypes based on multidimensional cognitive profiles, and to perform multimodal neuroimaging to identify subtype-specific neural signatures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 147 MDD patients and 222 healthy controls (HCs) completed the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Cognitive subtypes were derived based on neurocognitive profiles using heterogeneity through discriminative analysis (HYDRA). General linear models (GLMs) were employed to assess differences across groups in neurocognitive indexes and neuroimaging data followed by Tukey's post-hoc test for pairwise comparisons between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on cognitive profiles, MDD patients were classified into cognitive deficit (CD, N = 75) and cognitive preservation (CP, N = 72) subtypes. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) revealed reduced grey matter volume (GMV) in the left fusiform gyrus and left cerebellum in MDD patients when compared to HCs, with CD patients showing greater atrophy than patients in CP subtype. Meanwhile, the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in the temporal lobe of both MDD subtypes was decreased when compared to that of HCs, showing no inter-subtype differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A subtype of MDD characterized by comprehensive cognitive deficits is associated with structural atrophy in the left fusiform gyrus and cerebellum, suggesting these regions as potential biomarkers for the cognitive deficit subtype of MDD. However, no significant differences in ALFF were observed between the two cognitive subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"120068"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of household solid fuel use on depression trajectories in middle-aged and older adults: Findings from a longitudinal study in China.","authors":"Yuxin Huang, Xiaoyu Jin, Xingxu Yi, Zhiqian Cui, Ming Li, Zichen Zhang, Lingmei Kuang, Rong Song, Weizhuo Yi, Rubing Pan, Jian Cheng, Jian Song, Xulai Zhang, Hong Su","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global burden of mental disorders, particularly depression, is on the rise. Attention has been paid to the effect of outdoor air pollution on depression, but research on the harm of indoor air pollution remains limited, especially the change of depression status. In addition, the comorbidity of pain and depression is more noteworthy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the correlation between solid fuel use and depressive trajectories, using nationally representative cohort data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, and tested the association in subgroups with or without pain comorbidities, as well as potential high-risk groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We determined the optimal depression trajectories using the latent growth mixture model. Subsequently, we employed the multinomial logistic regression to evaluate the correlations between solid fuel use and depressive trajectories, in parallel with the effect on comorbidities pain subgroups. Furthermore, we investigated the correlations between the frequency of solid fuel uses and the change in household fuel type with depression trajectories over time, as observed in the four surveys. Finally, we explored potential high-risk groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 6160 subjects. Three distinct types of depression trajectories were identified: \"low-stable\", \"first rise then down\" and \"first down then rise\". The results of multiple logistic regressions indicated that solid fuel use was linked to an increase in high depression score trajectories (\"first rise then down\" and \"first down then rise\") and that pain may increase this risk compared to the pain-free group. Additionally, the risk of high depression score trajectories increased with solid fuel use across the four waves of the survey.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of solid fuel in China is related to an elevated risk of depression and further affects the pain comorbidities of depression. The transition to cleaner fuels is proposed to be a significant and necessary measure.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"391 ","pages":"120071"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and positive childhood experiences (PCEs) on mental health among children aged 6-17 (2021-2022).","authors":"Kiara Lyons, Bin Suh","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2025.120070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objectives were to 1) Examine the prevalence of mental health diagnoses, symptom severity and flourishing among children aged 6-17, 2) Examine the prevalence of household and community-based adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and positive childhood experiences (PCEs), 3) Examine the relationship between ACEs, mental health diagnosis and symptom severity, and 4) Investigate how PCEs moderate the relationship between ACEs and mental health diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized the cross-sectional, 2021-2022 combined National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) data. Caregiver responses for persons aged 6-17 years were included (N = 60,809). Logistic regression and moderation models were tested to assess relationships between ACEs, PCEs and different mental health diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Having 1+ ACE was associated with higher odds of anxiety (OR: 2.23), depression (OR: 2.67), ADHD (OR: 1.31), and behavior/conduct problems (OR: 1.84). In contrast, high PCEs were linked to lower odds of anxiety (OR: 0.67), depression (OR: 0.73), ADHD (OR: 0.87), and behavior/conduct problems (OR: 0.50). Community-based ACEs had a greater impact on mental health diagnoses than household-based ACEs. PCEs moderated the association between ACEs and mental health, attenuating dose-response relationships in all models.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our study provided more insight into the importance of examining how PCEs influence the relationship between ACEs and mental health diagnoses with the consideration of diagnosis severity. This can help to inform researchers and providers on how to develop and improve mental and behavioral health treatment interventions that are tailored to children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"391 ","pages":"120070"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}