Journal of affective disorders最新文献

{"title":"Life-course dynamics of parental occupational status and subjective socioeconomic status: Associations with adolescent depressive symptoms.","authors":"Jing Zeng, Mei Zhang, Yafeng Li, Yunting Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Family socioeconomic status (SES) is a key determinant of adolescent depressive symptoms. However, prior research has largely relied on static and objective indicators, with limited attention to life-course dynamics in parental occupational status and subjective socioeconomic status (SSS). Evidence from a life-course perspective remains scarce. This study applies a life-course framework to examine how dynamic changes in parental occupational status and SSS are associated with adolescent depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were drawn from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2010 to 2020 (N = 1143). Participants were observed across three developmental stages (ages 5-8, 11-14, and 15-18). Parental occupational status, parental SSS, and adolescent depressive symptoms were assessed at each stage. A structured life-course modeling approach was used, embedding parental occupational and SSS indicators within saturated models. Competing life-course hypotheses were compared using partial F-tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over half of adolescents experienced low parental occupational status or low parental SSS during at least one developmental stage. The association between parental occupational status and adolescent depressive symptoms was primarily explained by social mobility, particularly reflecting the adverse influence of downward occupational mobility. In contrast, parental SSS exhibited sensitive period and cumulative exposure patterns rather than mobility effects. Low paternal SSS during late adolescence was significantly associated with depressive symptoms, whereas maternal SSS showed both sensitive period and accumulation effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dynamic changes in parental occupational status and SSS, especially during early life, play an important role in shaping adolescent depressive symptoms. Early identification of socioeconomic disadvantage and timely interventions may help reduce depressive symptoms among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":"405 ","pages":"121658"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147512085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered brain network topology in adolescents with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder: A resting-state fMRI graph-theoretical and machine learning study.","authors":"Zixuan Cheng, Tong Zhu, Yijia Zhou, Mingmeng Huang, Yuting Jiang, Yu Zhang, Jingwen Liu, Jiaxin Luo, Xingyin Huang, Mingke Liu, Jing Tian, Menghan Gao, Can Liu, Du Lei, Liangbo Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) share substantial clinical overlap and elevated suicide risk, yet the neurobiological distinctions between these disorders and their associations with suicidality remain incompletely understood. This study investigated functional connectome differences between adolescent MDD and BD and examined associations with suicide attempts (SA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resting-state fMRI data were acquired from 125 adolescents aged 12-19 years (48 MDD, 36 BD, 41 healthy controls). We used graph-theoretical analysis to investigate group differences in functional brain networks, and machine learning models were applied to functional network data to distinguish between MDD and BD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with MDD and healthy controls, adolescents with BD exhibited a global shift toward network randomization, characterized by a lower clustering coefficient and widespread reductions in nodal centrality across hubs of the DMN, SN, and CEN. In contrast, MDD was characterized by preserved global topology but focal nodal alterations. Within the MDD group, greater suicidal-ideation severity was associated with lower nodal efficiency in the insula and supramarginal gyrus. A support vector machine classifier distinguished MDD from BD with 88.24% (p < 0.001) accuracy, with features from the insula and cingulate gyrus being highly informative.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescent MDD and BD showed distinct patterns of functional network disruption, with BD showing global network disorganization and MDD showing more localized disruptions. Alterations involving the insula and supramarginal gyrus may be relevant to suicidality in adolescent MDD, and network-based features may aid in distinguishing MDD from BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"121670"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147512377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of multimodal inpatient treatment in psychosomatic medicine using patient reported outcomes: A naturalistic and longitudinal data analysis.","authors":"Marzieh Abdoli, Jens Lehmann, Johannes M Giesinger, Maria Rothmund-Grenier, Jonas Egeter, Paolo Cotrufo, Bernhard Holzner, Katharina Hüfner","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multimodal treatment uses evidence-based therapeutic approaches by integrating pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, relaxation techniques and mind body exercises, social/family therapy, and lifestyle interventions in the treatment of mental disorders. This study investigates changes in mental health indicators among patients undergoing multimodal inpatient care, using patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to monitor symptom development and well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an exploratory retrospective analysis of patients receiving multimodal inpatient treatment at a ward for psychosomatic medicine between January 2015 and February 2024. We included patients with stress-related mental disorders (F32-34, F40-48, F50, F54). We compared their overall well-being and symptom load at the time of hospital admission and discharge using validated questionnaires, using parametric statistical tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 395 patients were included in the analysis. A transdiagnostic analysis across all patients showed significant improvements in PRO scores in global, physical, and psychological quality of life, depression severity, illness perception, overall symptom burden, and state anxiety from admission to discharge. In particular, patients with eating disorders and trauma-related conditions experienced the most notable gains in quality of life and reductions in depressive symptoms. Anxiety levels showed the greatest improvement in patients with somatoform disorders, whereas patients with eating disorders experienced smaller reductions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study highlights that patients undergoing multimodal inpatient treatment for stress-related mental disorders showed improvements in symptoms and well-being across diagnostic groups and these improvements can be captured by routine PRO monitoring. In the future, routine PRO monitoring could inform more individualised treatment adjustments within the multimodal program.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"121613"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147457423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The paradox of social capital and gendered suicide ideation: Findings from correlated random effects (CRE) models.","authors":"Harris Hyun-Soo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study is twofold. First, it examines how social capital accessible through interpersonal contacts (e.g., family, friends, neighbors, coworkers) is related to suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, it investigates whether this relationship varies across gender groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two waves of longitudinal data (n = 8953 person-years) are drawn from the Seoul Young Adult Panel Survey fielded during the height of the pandemic (2021-2022). For estimation strategy, the correlated random effects (CRE) analysis is used, along with logit and probit regression as robustness checks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjusting for individual covariates, unobserved time-invariant heterogeneity, and regional fixed effects, results from the CRE models show a significantly positive association between social capital and suicidality (ß = 0.004, p < .001). Specifically, greater access to network-mediated social support increases the probability of suicide intent over time. Importantly, this effect is significant only among women (β = 0.006, p < .001). These results are consistently significant when using logit and probit models with Bonferroni-adjusted p-values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In contrast to conventional view in the scholarship that social capital is protective of mental health risks, this study highlights its potential downside. Future research should recognize that interpersonal ties do not necessarily promote emotional or psychological well-being, especially for women. As such, the academic community should pay more detailed attention to how and the conditions under which social capital can produce gendered benefits as well as impose differential costs for males and females.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"121664"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147512087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained tic reduction through behavioural therapy in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: A meta-analysis with implications for affective health.","authors":"Xiao-Rui You, Wen-Hua Cai, Yu-Ting Yang, Yan Li, Xin-Qiang Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Behavioural therapy (BT) alleviates tic symptoms in patients with Tourette syndrome/chronic tic disorder (TS/CTD). TS/CTD is often associated with emotional dysregulation, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, substantially impairing quality of life. Nevertheless, the specific effects of BT on tic symptoms in children and adolescents with TS/CTD, including persistence and follow-up outcomes, remain unclear. Tic symptoms in children with TS/CTD are often assessed using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and the Parent Tic Questionnaire (PTQ)-when combined, these tools mitigate subjective biases and enhance assessment objectivity. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically review randomised controlled trials evaluating the impact of BT on tic symptoms in children and adolescents with TS/CTD and to examine longitudinal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched multiple databases for articles published up to May 2025 and screened their reference lists. The standardised mean difference (SMD) served as the primary effect size metric, focusing on YGTSS and PTQ indicators, from baseline to endpoint through follow-up. Subgroups, heterogeneity, risk of bias, and publication bias were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The meta-analysis included 11 studies, encompassing 21 datasets and involving 942 participants. Forest plot analysis revealed that BT improved tic symptoms in patients with TS/CTD compared with controls, as confirmed by both the YGTSS and PTQ assessments. The improvements persisted through follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BT effectively produces sustained improvements in tic symptoms in children and adolescents with TS/CTD. The demonstrated reduction in core tic severity underscores the potential for BT to alleviate secondary emotional burdens and improve overall mental health in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"121677"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147512156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and network model of depressive symptoms among older adults: evidence based on national surveys from China, the United Kingdom, the United States, India and Mexico.","authors":"He-Li Sun, Pan Chen, Yuan Feng, Sha Sha, Zhaohui Su, Teris Cheung, Gabor S Ungvari, Matteo Malgaroli, Todd Jackson, Qinge Zhang, Yu-Tao Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is prevalent among older adults. Understanding the network structure of depression across diverse cultural contexts is essential to preventing and treating depression. This study evaluated the prevalence and combined network structure of depression among older adults based on national surveys from five countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study combined data from five national cohort studies. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD) scale was used to assess depressive symptoms. Meta-analysis was used to estimate the overall prevalence of depression, while network models were constructed using Ising models. The most central depressive symptoms were identified using the Expected Influence (EI) index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 102,202 older adults were included. The pooled prevalence of depression was 18.9% (95% confidence interval (CI):10.3%-27.4%). In the combined network model, the most central symptoms were \"Feeling depressed\" (CESD1), \"Feeling sad\" (CESD4), \"Lack of happiness\" (CESD6) and Loneliness (CESD3), while the strongest positive edge was \"Not enjoy life\" (CESD7) - \"Lack of happiness\" (CESD6).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicated depressive symptoms are common among older adults across several countries. Moreover, interventions to address feelings of sadness, depressed mood, and lack of happiness as well as loneliness may be beneficial in alleviating depression across older adults in these countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"121530"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147365382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Abnormal coupling between glymphatic activity and brain structure-function in adolescents with major depressive disorder and suicidality\" [J. Affect. Disord. 393 (2026) 120403].","authors":"Yuting Jiang, Junfeng Li, Jing Tian, Guitao Qi, Menghan Gao, Mingmeng Huang, Mingke Liu, Yijia Zhou, Zixuan Cheng, Jingwen Liu, Yu Zhang, Cheng Ke, Yuanchao Zhang, Liangbo Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121538","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"121538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147432478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A decade-long comparison of depressive symptom networks in Asian patients with depressive disorders: Findings from REAP studies in 2023 and 2013.","authors":"Seonjae Lee, Han Seul Kim, Heechan Yoon, Eunkyung Kim, Kiwon Kim, Ii Bin Kim, Hyun-Ju Yang, Hyung-Jun Yoon, Hyun Soo Kim, Gyung-Mee Kim, Tian-Mei Si, Roy Abraham Kallivayalil, Andi J Tanra, Kok Yoon Chee, Kang Sim, Pornjira Pariwatcharakul, Shih-Ku Lin, Norman Sartorius, Naotaka Shinfuku, Seonhwa Lee, Eric Toyota, Jae-Hon Lee, Takahiro A Kato, Seon-Cheol Park","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Network analysis provides a framework for examining interrelationships among symptoms beyond traditional categorical diagnostic models.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Data were analyzed from two decade-apart, large-scale, multi-country surveys in Asia. Network structures of depressive symptoms among Asian patients with depressive disorders in 2023 and 2013 were compared.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten depressive symptom domains, rated by clinicians in accordance with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, were modeled using the graphical Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator. Network structures were compared using the Network Comparison Test and evaluated with respect to expected influence centrality, stability, and clustering. Subgroup network structure comparisons were additionally conducted according to gender and geographic region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Network Comparison Test demonstrated significant differences in both network structure and global strength between 2013 and 2023. In 2023, among 2298 patients, depressive symptom networks comprised 38 connections, with the strongest associations observed between low self-confidence and guilt or self-blame and between disturbed sleep and poor or increased appetite; low self-confidence emerged as the most central symptom. In contrast, in 2013, among 1303 patients, 36 connections were identified, with persistent sadness and disturbed sleep forming the strongest association and persistent sadness representing the most central symptom. Substantial subgroup differences in network structure were also observed according to gender and region.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These differences may reflect contextual influences, including the COVID-19 pandemic and related sociocultural factors. The findings may further identify self-critical symptoms as promising targets for clinical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"121616"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147463350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting vulnerabilities in suicide mortality from the COVID-19 crisis to the socioeconomic aftermath in Spain (2016-2024): A Bayesian triple-interaction analysis.","authors":"Manuel Canal-Rivero, Enrique Baca-García, María Luisa Barrigón, Miguel Ruiz-Veguilla, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The transition from the acute Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis to the subsequent socioeconomic aftermath introduced complex stressors. We aimed to determine the differential impacts of pandemic onset (March 2020) and the socioeconomic aftermath (July 2021) on suicide mortality in Spain, examining heterogeneous effects by sex and age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed 108 months (2016-2024) of national registry data. Using a Bayesian Interrupted Time-Series (ITS) design with a Triple Interaction framework (Sex×Age×Event), we isolated immediate (level) and long-term (trend) risk trajectories, adjusting for Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Public Health Expenditure (PHE), and (COVID-19) mortality. Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation (LOO-CV) was used to validate the complex specification against simpler models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Impacts differed fundamentally across demographics. Pandemic onset was associated with an immediate increase in men aged 80+ (Rate Ratio [RR] = 1.46; 95% BCI 1.13-1.90), while other male groups remained stable. Conversely, the socioeconomic aftermath triggered a delayed acute shock in women, specifically aged 15-29 (RR = 1.66; 95% BCI 1.05-2.68). Bayesian comparison confirmed simpler models failing to account for triple interactions obscured these effects.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The ecological design precludes causal inference at the individual level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Suicide risk pathways were highly heterogeneous: male vulnerability was concentrated in the elderly during the initial viral threat, whereas female vulnerability emerged later as a delayed response to the socioeconomic aftermath. Prevention requires adapting strategies to the distinct nature of immediate isolation in older men versus delayed socioeconomic strain in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"121650"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147491125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A healthy lifestyle is associated with lower risk of depression in type 2 diabetes, irrespective of genetic susceptibility: A UK biobank cohort study.","authors":"Yue Zhang, Peng Zhao, Huaxing Lou, Wentao Zhang, Chenming Zhang, Jiaqiang Liao, Haibo Zhou, Hongru Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jad.2026.121657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with type 2 diabetes have an elevated risk of depression. This study sought to evaluate whether an overall healthy lifestyle, encompassing factors such as never smoking, moderate alcohol consumption, regular physical activity, healthy diet, less sedentary time, adequate sleep duration, and appropriate social connection, is associated with a lower incidence of depression in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods and findings: </strong>This study included 10,294 participants with type 2 diabetes from the UK Biobank, excluding those with baseline cardiovascular disease or cancer. Lifestyle data were collected via baseline questionnaires, while depression was from the first occurrences data. Among the participants, 559 developed depression during follow-up. All individual lifestyle factors except regular exercise and healthy diet showed significant associations with depression. A clear dose-response relationship was observed between the composite lifestyle score and depression risk. Furthermore, this protective association remained significant and was independent of individuals' genetic risk for depression. The optimal lifestyle combination for reducing depression risk was defined as never smoking, moderate alcohol consumption, adequate sleep duration, and limited sedentary time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A composite healthy lifestyle was significantly associated with a lower risk of depression in individuals with type 2 diabetes, showing a clear dose-response relationship that was independent of genetic susceptibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"121657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}