Journal of Alzheimer's Disease最新文献

{"title":"The association between herpes zoster vaccination and the decreased risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.","authors":"Yishu Yin, Jie Deng, Jue Liu","doi":"10.1177/13872877251351593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13872877251351593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundHerpes zoster (HZ) infection may increase the risk of dementia, that causes a heavy socioeconomic burden. However, the epidemiological evidence between HZ vaccination and the risk of dementia remains inconclusive.ObjectiveThis meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of HZ vaccination on the onset of dementia.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus for cohort studies assessing the association between HZ vaccination and dementia risk up to 20th January 2025. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled adopting a random-effect model.ResultsFour eligible studies were included in the systematic review and five retrospective cohort studies in the meta-analysis. Among 14,493,383 dementia-free participants at baseline, 427,309 dementia cases occurred during 36-95 months of follow-up. All studies were of high quality. Pooled analysis of adjusted HRs indicated that HZ vaccination could reduce dementia risk by 29% (HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.66-0.76, I² = 97.15%). Subgroup analyses revealed heterogeneity linked to definitions of dementia, exposure measurements, vaccination doses, deprivation index, and region. The results were stable in the sensitivity analyses, and no publication bias was found.ConclusionsHZ vaccination was notably related to a reduced risk of dementia. More mechanistic studies and epidemiological studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":14929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"13872877251351593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concerning the debate about homocysteine, B vitamins, and dementia.","authors":"Joshua W Miller, Andrew McCaddon, Jin-Tai Yu, Babak Hooshmand, Helga Refsum, A David Smith","doi":"10.1177/13872877251350297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13872877251350297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is important to identify modifiable risk factors for dementia and to introduce policies to implement their modification. The Lancet Commission on Dementia Prevention, Intervention and Care failed to identify raised plasma homocysteine as a risk factor, despite considerable evidence; hence there is a need for a debate on this matter.</p>","PeriodicalId":14929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"13872877251350297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based prediction of amyloid positivity using early-phase F-18 flutemetamol PET.","authors":"Yong-Jin Park, Sang Won Seo, Seong Hye Choi, So Young Moon, Sang Joon Son, Chang Hyung Hong, Young-Sil An","doi":"10.1177/13872877251351275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13872877251351275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPrevious studies have suggested that early-phase imaging of amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) may offer information for predicting amyloid positivity.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate whether early-phase fluorine-18 flutemetamol (eFMM) PET images provide valuable information for predicting amyloid positivity using machine learning (ML) models and whether incorporating clinical and neuropsychological features improves predictive performance.MethodsIn total, 454 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) were enrolled and randomly divided into training (n = 354) and test (n = 100) groups. We developed ML models using logistic regression (LR) and linear discriminant analyses (LDA) for predicting amyloid positivity: eFMM features alone (eFMM model), eFMM features combined with clinical features (eFMM + C model), eFMM features combined with neuropsychological features (eFMM + N model), eFMM features combined with both clinical and neuropsychological features (eFMM + C + N model), clinical and neuropsychological features combined (C + N model), and dFMM features alone (dFMM model).ResultsIn the test group, the eFMM models achieved areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) of 0.791 (LR) and 0.779 (LDA). The eFMM + C + N models significantly improved predictive performance, with AUROCs of 0.902 for both LR and LDA, outperforming the eFMM models.ConclusionsML predictive models using eFMM PET data demonstrated fair performance in predicting amyloid positivity in patients with MCI and AD. The addition of relevant clinical and neuropsychological features further enhanced the predictive performance of the eFMM models, achieving excellent performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"13872877251351275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia in ancient Greece and Rome.","authors":"Caleb E Finch, Stanley M Burstein","doi":"10.1177/13872877251351856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13872877251351856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We respond to the commentary by Ballenger et al. While appreciating \"our provocative article\", they called for \"a more rigorous historical approach…\". In fact, we documented from known texts how ancient physicians recognized memory loss in the elderly, Solon to Galen, who gave stereotypical descriptions of the negative aspects of old age in historical sequence. Texts from the Roman era with references to elderly memory loss did not have any earlier Greek counterpart, suggesting historically novel environmental and lifestyle factors in dementia that are associated with the modern dementia epidemic. Our initial inquiry, while historically rigorous, warrants further discussion.</p>","PeriodicalId":14929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"13872877251351856"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of five cross-cultural cognitive screening instruments for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in a multicultural memory clinic sample.","authors":"T Rune Nielsen, Kasper Jørgensen, Alfonso Delgado-Álvarez, Sanne Franzen, Alvaro Lozano-Ruiz, Maria Özden, Juliette Palisson, Naaheed Mukadam, Gunhild Waldemar","doi":"10.1177/13872877251351037","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13872877251351037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundWith the changing demographic landscape in most countries worldwide, early identification of cognitive impairment in multicultural populations is increasingly relevant.ObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic accuracy of the Brief Assessment of Impaired Cognition (BASIC), BASIC Questionnaire (BASIC-Q), Category Cued Memory Test (CCMT), Multicultural Cognitive Examination (MCE), and Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a multicultural memory clinic sample.MethodsThe study was a cross-sectional multi-center study across six sites in five European countries. All cognitive screening instruments were available in the majority languages of the collaborating countries. Participants with immigrant status were generally assessed in their first language by multilingual researchers or through interpreter-mediated assessment. Correlation analysis was used to explore associations between scores on the cognitive screening instruments. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to examine diagnostic accuracy for dementia and MCI as compared to specialist diagnosis.ResultsThe study included 187 participants (94 cognitively intact, 36 MCI, 57 dementia), of which 105 (56%) had immigrant background. All cognitive screening instruments were strongly correlated and had high diagnostic accuracy for dementia (areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) in the range 0.86-0.97) and moderate to high diagnostic accuracy for MCI (AUCs in the range 0.72-0.86), with the MCE, BASIC, and BASIC-Q showing the best diagnostic properties. Overall, diagnostic accuracy for cognitive impairment (dementia or MCI) did not significantly differ between European native-born and immigrant participants, or between participants with <7 compared to ≥7 years of formal schooling.ConclusionsIn the present study, the MCE, BASIC, and BASIC-Q showed better diagnostic properties than the RUDAS and CCMT for the diagnosis of dementia and MCI in a multicultural memory clinic sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":14929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"13872877251351037"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting α-synuclein translation: Novel PROTEIMERs as 5'-UTR directed inhibitors.","authors":"Logan S Richards, Stephanie Kim, Hannah K Cho, Catherine M Cahill, Jack T Rogers, HyunDae D Cho","doi":"10.1177/13872877251351305","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13872877251351305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundAmyloid aggregation of α-Synuclein is a defining feature of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). While there have been many attempts to reduce the α-Synuclein burden of neuronal cells through direct targeting of the protein, the conformationally dynamic nature of α-Synuclein make it a particularly difficult target to drug. Given the correlation between α-Synuclein levels and both familial and environmentally induced synucleinopathies, targeting the α-Synuclein mRNA transcript offers an alternative therapeutic avenue.ObjectiveTo develop and evaluate protein-based RNA-binding therapeutics (PROTEIMERs) that selectively bind the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of α-Synuclein mRNA and inhibit its translation to reduce α-Synuclein levels.MethodsWe employed high-throughput phage display to identify novel RNA-binding PROTEIMER candidates targeting the 5'UTR of α-Synuclein mRNA. Binding affinities were assessed via surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Computational structural predictions were used to evaluate PROTEIMER-RNA interactions relative to known regulatory proteins IRP1 and IRP2. RNase domains were fused to the lead PROTEIMERs, and their RNA degradation activity was tested in vitro.ResultsThree PROTEIMERs were identified that bind the α-Synuclein 5'UTR with high affinity. Structural predictions supported specific interactions with the structured RNA region. RNase-fused PROTEIMERs demonstrated targeted RNA degradation and induced decay of α-Synuclein mRNA in vitro, indicating translational suppression capability.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate the feasibility of using engineered protein therapeutics to target α-Synuclein mRNA via the 5'UTR. These PROTEIMERs represent a promising new strategy for reducing α-Synuclein levels and mitigating neurodegenerative progression in LBD, PD, and AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"13872877251351305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulnerability of mitochondrial OXPHOS complexes in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Jing Tian, Sai Sreeja Meka, Tienju Wang, Lan Guo, Heng Du","doi":"10.1177/13872877251352209","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13872877251352209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundWith increasing recognition of the heterogeneity of the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), clinical and basic research has accentuated a contribution of hypothalamic dysfunction to the development of this neurodegenerative disorder. The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) plays a critical role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis through its regulation of energy storage and expenditure. Although the importance of mitochondrial bioenergetics to the fitness of ARH neurons has been documented, the functional status of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes in ARH neurons has not been comprehensively investigated in AD-related settings.ObjectiveThis study investigated the mitochondrial OXPHOS complex enzyme activity in ARH of AD patients.MethodsWe examined ARH mitochondrial OXPHOS complexes and AD-related pathological characteristics in AD patients. We also utilized transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) bioinformatics method to predict gene expression changes in ARH mitochondrial-related genes within the AD cohort.ResultsIn this study, we identified mitochondrial complex IV dysfunction in tissue homogenate and synaptosomal fractions of postmortem ARH from patients with AD. Further examination determined a reverse correlation between neuronal complex IV dysfunction and ARH amyloid-β 42. Furthermore, through hypothalamus-specific TWAS analysis we identified multiple AD susceptibility genes that encode key proteins for mitochondrial OXPHOS complex assembly and function.ConclusionsOur results suggest that ARH neuronal mitochondrial complex IV dysfunction constitutes a phenotypic change in AD that potentially contribute to ARH neuronal stress and dysmetabolism in patients with AD. These findings form a groundwork for future research to understand a hypothalamic mitochondrial pathway of AD pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"13872877251352209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoantibodies in Alzheimer's disease: Multifaceted roles and therapeutic horizons.","authors":"Jin Gong, Shaoqi Li, Xiaodong Han, Pin Wang, Wenxian Sun, Chang Xu, Heya Luan, Boye Wen, Jinxuan Guo, Cuibai Wei","doi":"10.1177/13872877251350292","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13872877251350292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by pathogenesis involving numerous factors. Recent research has highlighted the significant role of autoimmunity in the initiation and progression of AD, with autoantibodies emerging as a pivotal area of investigation. Nevertheless, the influence of autoantibodies in AD is marked by substantial heterogeneity, they may either mitigate disease progression by clearing pathogenic protein aggregates or exacerbate the pathological process through mechanisms such as the activation of inflammatory responses or the induction of neuronal damage.ObjectiveThis review aims to synthesize the various roles of autoantibodies in AD, examine the factors that influence their functions, and assess their potential application in precision immunotherapy.MethodsPubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for English-language papers (2015-2025). Peer-reviewed human, animal and cell studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses were screened independently by two reviewers.ResultsA total of 87 studies were selected for inclusion, spanning human, animal, and cellular research. The findings indicated that certain autoantibodies, such as those targeting amyloid-β, tau, or 4-hydroxynonenal, may confer neuroprotective effects. Conversely, other autoantibodies, including those against BACE1, aquaporin-4, or HuD, may exacerbate AD pathology. Importantly, some autoantibodies were found to exhibit dual roles, contingent upon their specific modifications or the context of the disease.ConclusionsAutoantibodies constitute a double-edged immune axis in AD. Their impact hinges on antigen class, disease stage, isotype affinity and glycosylation. Precision strategies-like CAAR-T cell therapy, glycosylation modulation, and affinity optimization-offer therapeutic promise but require further validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"13872877251350292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent Alzheimer's disease pathologies in Lewy body diseases affect cognition and glucose metabolism in the posterior cingulate gyrus: A multimodal PET study.","authors":"Kosei Nakamura, Kenji Tagai, Hitoshi Shinotoh, Shigeki Hirano, Soichiro Kitamura, Hironobu Endo, Keisuke Takahata, Yuhei Takado, Ming-Rong Zhang, Kazunori Kawamura, Osamu Onodera, Makoto Higuchi, Hitoshi Shimada","doi":"10.1177/13872877251351220","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13872877251351220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundLewy body disease (LBD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by Lewy bodies, and it clinically presents dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies frequently coexist with LBD, complicating the clinical manifestation.ObjectiveWe evaluated the impact of AD pathologies, including amyloid-β and tau depositions, on cognitive dysfunction and glucose metabolism in LBD using multiple positron emission tomography scans.MethodsOur study cohort consisted of 14 patients diagnosed with LBD, including five from the PD spectrum and nine from the DLB spectrum. In addition, 12 amyloid-negative cognitively healthy controls (HCs) and 13 amyloid-positive AD-spectrum patients were included. We subsequently explored the influence of amyloid and tau deposition on cognitive dysfunction and glucose metabolism among the LBD patients.ResultsIn the LBD group, 44.4% of the DLB patients were amyloid-positive, and all PD patients were amyloid-negative. While tau accumulation was lower than in AD and similar to HCs at the group level, tau accumulation in the AD signature region was correlated with cognitive dysfunction. Among the changes in glucose metabolism, the cingulate island sign (CIS) index was elevated compared to AD. However, as cognitive impairment progressed, the CIS index decreased, reflecting reduced metabolism in the posterior cingulate gyrus, which was closely associated with tau accumulation in the same region.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that AD pathologies, and particularly tau accumulation, significantly impact both cognitive dysfunction and glucose metabolism in LBD. This underscores the importance of addressing AD-related changes in the clinical management of LBD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"13872877251351220"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative changes in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers with correlation to clinical outcome in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.","authors":"Rebecca Grønning, Anna Jeppsson, Per Hellström, Kerstin Andrén, Katarina Laurell, Dan Farahmand, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Carsten Wikkelsø, Mats Tullberg","doi":"10.1177/13872877251350308","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13872877251350308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundVentricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was analysed peri- and postoperatively to elucidate the pathophysiology of Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH).ObjectiveTo capture the dynamics of biomarkers and their relation to clinical symptoms.MethodsIn 113 consecutively diagnosed patients, the Hellström iNPH scale was used to quantify symptom burden pre- and postoperatively. CSF was collected at shunt insertion and postoperatively by shunt reservoir puncture, and analyzed for concentrations of GFAP, YKL40, MCP-1, NfL, Aβ₄₀, sAβPPα, sAβPPβ, GAP43, Alzheimer's disease biomarkers Aβ₄₂, Aβ_42/40, total tau (T-tau), phosphorylated tau (P-tau), and neurogranin.ResultsConcentrations increased postoperatively for Aβ₄₀ (134%), Aβ₄₂ (106%), sAβPPα (112%), sAβPPβ (83%), NfL (128%), YKL40 (86%), GAP43 (124%), and MCP-1 (5%) (p < 0.001, MCP-1 (p = 0.03)), while mean concentration reductions were seen in T-tau (32%), GFAP (31%), neurogranin (49%), and Aβ_42/40 (10%) (p < 0.001). A higher perioperative concentration of AβPPβ correlated with less pronounced gait disturbance (R_p 0.20 (0.01-0.38) (95% CI)), whereas higher levels of NfL (-0.23 (-0.41-(-)0.04) and MCP-1 (-0.21 (-0.37-(-)0.01)) correlated with impaired cognition. Higher MCP-1 correlated with a lower balance domain score (-0.20 (-0.37-(-)0.01)). Postoperative increases in levels of Aβ₄₀ (R_s 0.27 (0.05-0.46)), Aβ₄₂ (R_s 0.24 (0.02-0.44)) and YKL40 (R_s 0.22 (-0.00-0.43)) correlated with gait improvement, and a postoperative increase in Aβ₄₀ (R_s 0.36 (0.05-0.60)) was associated with improvement in urinary continence (p 0.01-0.05).ConclusionsCSF biomarker concentrations change after shunt insertion. These changes, seen as increased concentrations for some biomarkers and decreased concentrations for others, are associated with improvement in core clinical symptoms and may illustrate reversibility of pathophysiological mechanisms in iNPH.</p>","PeriodicalId":14929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"13872877251350308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}