Journal of Advances in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Warburgia ugandensis on Selected Standard Organisms that Cause Urinary Tract Infections","authors":"Silver Joseph Okoli, Shallon Asiimwe, Adolf Oyesigye Mukama, Elizabeth Atwiine, Adolf Busobozi, Rogers Kalyetsi","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i3714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i3714","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The antimicrobial effect of Warburgia ugandensis has been recognized for many years in developing countries especially in East Africa. However, limited investigations have focused on its effect on microorganisms causing urinary tract infection. \u0000Objective: To determine the antimicrobial activity of Warburgia ugandensis on selected standard microorganisms that cause urinary tract infections i.e. Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 25933), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). \u0000Methods: Warburgia ugandensis stem bark was obtained from Tooro Botanical centre and were shade dried. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts were prepared and evaluated for phytochemical components using semi qualitative phytochemical screening techniques. The antimicrobial activity on three bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and one fungus Candida albicans was tested by agar well diffusion and broth dilution which to obtain the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the plant extracts respectively. \u0000Results: Phytochemical screening showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids in both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts. The  bacteria were susceptible to the aqueous extract which caused significant inhibition of microbial growth with the highest activity observed on Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 0.49mg/ml), while less susceptibility to the ethanolic extract was observed with Staphylococcus aureus having an MIC of 1.95mg/ml and so was MBC/MFC, in which Staphylococcus aureus had an MBC of 7.81mg/ml. Candida albicans showed the same pattern with more susceptibility to the aqueous extract (MFC 15.63mg/ml) as compared to the ethanolic extract (MFC 62.5mg/ml) \u0000Conclusion: The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Warburgia ugandensis exhibit antimicrobial effect against the selected urinary tract infection causing organisms. The aqueous extract showed antimicrobial activity in both agar well diffusion and broth dilution methods. This study further shows the potential of Warburgia ugandensis being a novel source of modern drugs with further studies and these results provide some new perspectives on the traditional uses of Warburgia ugandensis in treating urinary tract infections.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86965130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free Fatty Acids and Cocoa Butter Quality Traits: Causes and Impact on Consumers’ Health","authors":"Joëlle Stéphanie Tape, Kouakou Richard Houphouet, A. Kadjo, K. Yao, Kra Brou Didier Kédjébo, K. M. Koné, T. Guehi, D. Montēt","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i3713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i3713","url":null,"abstract":"Cocoa butter (CB) technological quality and financial value depend widely on the free fatty acids (FFA) content. Cocoa butter has to contain less than 1.75% free fatty acids (FFA, based on oleic acid) to be in compliance with the EU directive 2000/36/EC (2000) and needs to be free from off-flavours and rancidity from a sensory (taste, odour, colour) and technological point of view. Free fatty acids are carboxylic acids, generated from triglycerides via the hydrolysis of their ester bounds by enzymatic and/or chemical reactions. The present work reviews free fatty acids formation mechanisms in cocoa beans, the free fatty acids levels assay as well as possible reduction methods. Furthermore, the impact of high free fatty acids content on the technological and chemical qualities and on the health of consumer of cocoa derived products were described. The results highlighted that the free fatty acids formation in cocoa beans was ascribed to the endogenous and exogenous lipases activities. Excreted exogenous lipases by contaminated molds during poor post-harvest processing are most active for free fatty acids generation in cocoa beans. In addition, the germination, poor storage conditions such as high water activity and moisture content provoke high free fatty acids content in cocoa butter. Although alkalization, deodorization and other refining treatments are efficient methods for reduction of free fatty acids content, chocolate manufacturers recorded high losses in cocoa butter. It is important to eliminate the free fatty acids content of cocoa butter because excessive consumption of high- free fatty acids cocoa product induces pathologies.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"193 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83728735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential Strain Improvement of Cordyceps militaris","authors":"L. B. L. Rathod, Shaik Muzammil Pasha, Anju Rajan, M. ., C. Pasha","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i3711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i3711","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: As a highly valued fungus, Cordyceps militaris has been widely used all over the world. Although the wild resources of C. militaris are limited, the fruiting bodies of C. militaris have been successfully cultivated on a large-scale with limited Cordycepin production. However, the high-frequency degeneration of C. militaris during subculture and preservation seriously limits the development of the C. militaris industry. \u0000Methods and Results: In this study, three different techniques for strain improvement viz., protoplast fusion, UV irradiation and chemical mutagenesis were assessed for improved biomass and cordycepin production. \u0000Conclusion: It was observed that the fusant subsequently mutated were stable for many generation and yielding improved biomass and Cordycepin. It was found that fusants after mutagenesis will be genetically stable and this methodology can be used for strain improvement of genetically unstable microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77119885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Food Matrix, Cooking and Preservation Modalities on the Outgrowth of Bacillus cereus Spores in Some Starchy Foods","authors":"A. Tong, M. Kenne, R. Tchikoua, S. Kamdem, F. Etoa","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i3710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i3710","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Starchy products are very important in the fight against food insecurity in developing countries, where they are widely consumed. This study is aimed to assess the impact of cooking and storage methods on the spoilage of some cooked starchy products by spore-forming bacteria \u0000Place and Duration: Department of Microbiology of the University of Yaoundé I betweenJune 2020 and September 2022 \u0000Methodology: In order to better understand the alteration of these foods by spore-forming bacteria, a survey was carried out among some households and restaurant owners in the city of Yaoundé to determine the cooking and preservation methods for cassava, maize and rice couscous. Then, cooking parameters and conservation modalities from the survey were simulated in the laboratory in order to assess the deactivation kinetics of Bacillus cereus. \u0000Results: It emerged from this experiment that cooking time varies according to the foodstuffs, the most important being maize. The packaging is mainly done in non-food plastic bags, and the thermos is used more often than the fridge and the pot. Cassava flour was more contaminated in aerobic spore (1.105 spores/g) than maize and rice (5.103 and 9.103 spores/g) after cooking of different starchy food enriched with Bacillus cereus spores, their inactivation was more important in rice followed by cassava and maize couscous as indicated by the Weibull scaleparameters which were respectively 1.1; 0.52 and 0.08. It was also noted that increase in cooking time also reduced the time for spores to initiate outgrowth and this time was affected by the type of flour. These two parameters also affected the time of spore outgrowth to 5logufc/g. \u0000Conclusion:  Storage in the fridge is still the best way to store food, but the thermos flask is more often used. The use of electric thermostats set at temperatures around 60°C would increase the optimal shelf life and significantly reduce the risk of spoilage and foodborne illness.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87675713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and Biochemical Characterization of Indigenous Polyhydroxyalkanoates Producing Bacteria","authors":"B. N. Dienye, G. Abu, O. Agwa","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i2709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i2709","url":null,"abstract":"Exploration for promising polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) producers is a continuous process as effort to mitigate the accumulation of synthetic plastic is on the rise. The present study focuses on isolation of indigenous polyhydroxyalkanoates producing bacteria from soil, waste water effluent and organic waste sample of Obio-Akpor, LGA. Screening of the selected bacteria isolates for polyhydroxyalkanoates production was based on viable plate method followed by microscopic visualization using Sudan black B. The PHA producing abilities of the selected isolates were estimated by gravimetric method and the positive isolates were detected for the presence of PHA synthase gene and identified up to genus level. Results revealed that out of 106 isolates, 55 were suspected to accumulate PHA after screening and produced PHA in the range of 0.2-1.1 g/L. Six potential isolates produced highest PHA yield and their phaC genes were successfully amplified from genomic DNA. Based on morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics, the six isolates were tentatively identified to the genus Bacillus sp, Lysinibacillus sp and Pseudomonas sp. The result of the present study indicated that these bacterial isolates have the potential of producing PHA and their potential harnessed for future purposes.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88031545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiogram and Multiple Antibiotics Resistance Indices of Bacterial Isolates from Urine of Diabetics and Nondiabetics Attending Some Hospitals in Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"Hanson, Asikiya Huldah, Akani, Nedie Patience, Williams, Janet Olufunmilayo, Sampson, Tonye","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i2706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i2706","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increase in the number of cases of antimicrobial resistance with a paucity of data from developing nations. This study is aimed at determining the antibiograms of uropathogens isolated from diabetics and non-diabetic subjects in three hospitals in Rivers State Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion procedure was used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the uropathogens with the following antibiotics: vancomycin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, imipenem, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, amoxiclav and ofloxacin. The results show that S. aureus (20%), E. coli (9%), K. aerogenes (8%), and K. ascobata (7%) were the most prevalent bacterial isolates. Data showed the isolates were sensitive to imipenem (18.6%), ofloxacin (13.8%) and ceftazidime (12.3%). On the other hand, the antibiotics with the highest resistance were cefotaxime (9.5%), tetracycline (14.1%), erythromycin (18.4%), and vancomycin (21.1%). The diabetic subjects showed a significantly (P < 0.0001) lower prevalence of bacteria with MAR indices below 0.2 but a significantly (P = <0.0001) higher prevalence of bacteria showing MAR indices ≥0.2. In the analyses of MAR indices ≥0.2 bacterial isolates according to location. Abonnema had the highest percentage distribution, with higher number of diabetics (81%) to non-diabetics (19%), with P <0.0001. This was followed by Mgbundukwu, which had a higher number of diabetics (77%) to non-diabetics (23), with P < 0.0001, and then Eleme, with a higher number of diabetics (80%) to non-diabetics (20%), with P = <0.0001. This indicates a high level of antibiotic abuse hence resistance to antibiotics among diabetic patients.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73733542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Various Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on Decolorization of Textile Dyes by Pseudomonas taiwanensis Strain TNZ3","authors":"Tamanna Nasrin, A. Saha, M. Mohanta, A. Reza, M. Haque","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i2707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i2707","url":null,"abstract":"The co-substrate is a crucial component in the bio-decolorization process that helps bacteria to grow and carry out their fundamental functions. Different types of textile dyes with diverse chemical structures are frequently employed in the textile industry, and the most of them are resistant to biodegradation because of their xenobiotic nature. Due to the low carbon content of textile dyes, particularly of azo dyes, co-metabolic conditions are required for decolorization process. Hence, the current study was aimed to determine which striking carbon and nitrogen sources are preferred for generating co-metabolic conditions to decolorize the following dyes: Disperse Yellow-3, Malachite Green, Basic Red-18, and Reactive Blue-4. Different carbon and nitrogen sources were used to isolate, screen, and evaluate different bacterial strains for dye degradation. A potential bacterial strain Pseudomonas taiwanensis strain TNZ3 was identified based on 16s rDNA sequence and selected for further study. It was found that the presence of yeast, peptone, NH4Cl, sucrose, glucose, fructose, maltose, galactose, lactose, and starch in dye contaminated media effectively enhanced azo dye degradation rate by Pseudomonas taiwanensis strain TNZ3. In the medium inoculated with Pseudomonas taiwanensis strain TNZ3, sucrose and yeast with peptone extracts induced the greatest decolorization among diverse carbon and nitrogen sources. In all dyes, the maximum decolorization occurs at 1.5% yeast extract supplementation. The results made it abundantly clear that various carbon and nitrogen sources used as co-substrates played effective role on dye decolorization process.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82046240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Sickle Cell Trait on the Treatment Response of Individuals Infected with Human Immune-Deficiency Virus (HIV)","authors":"N. Odunukwe, J. Okwuzu, A. Musa, P. C. Austin-Akaigwe, Ahmed R. Abubakar, B. Salako","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i2705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i2705","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sickle cell disease is of public health importance and comes with systemic organ complications that can cause long-term disabilities and early death. \u0000Aim: This study was to determine the effect of co-existence between sickle cell gene (HbS) and HIV infection in a Lagos population. \u0000Methods: The study was conducted at the anti-retroviral (ARV) outpatient clinic of the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR), Yaba, Lagos. It is a cross-sectional cohort study of 292 adult HIV- positive patients who were enrolled for treatment and support in the centre between the year 2004-2015. A review of case notes and database was done to extract haematologic, immunologic, virologic and clinical information of the patients. The enrolled participants were invited for additional clinical and socio-demographic information using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected and reanalysed to confirm the haemoglobin genotype. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. \u0000Results: Out of 292 recruited patients, 274 participants had complete data of which 74.1%, 22.9% and 2.9% were HbAA, HbAS and HbAC respectively. Sickle cell trait (SCT) was found in 25.9% of the participants and there was no record of sickle cell disease (SCD). HbAA participants were found to have a higher viral load (87.5%) at baseline (P < 0.001). For HbAA and SCT groups, treatment response over the years was similar with lower figures seen in SCT. \u0000Conclusion: It was concluded that lower HIV viraemia in SCT might mean a delay in HIV-1 disease progression and subsequently better quality of life for such patients.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91285034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Oilfield Wastewaters from Soku Swamp Rig on the Population and Diversity of Microbes in Soku River in Niger Delta","authors":"Oyibo Ntongha, Obire, Omokaro","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i2704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i2704","url":null,"abstract":"Oilfield wastewater contains poisonous and dangerous compounds that harm microorganisms and the quality of the water. An ongoing environmental concern in the Niger Delta is the rapid deterioration of water quality brought on by oilfield wastewater discharged from Nigerian oil industry operations. For a period of two months, biweekly studies were conducted to evaluate the microbiological effects of oilfield effluent from the Soku swamp oil rig on the Soku River in Rivers State in the Niger Delta. A total heterotrophic bacterial count, a hydrocarbon-utilizing bacterial count, a total fungal count, a hydrocarbon-using fungal count, and a microflora count were all determined using water samples obtained from upstream, downstream, drilling points, Deck drainage, and a control point. Total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) counts ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 (log10cfu/ml), total fungal (TF) count ranged from 0.1 to 0.95 (log10cfu /ml), while the total hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial (THUB) count ranged from 0.01 to 0.25 (log10cfu/ml), and the total hydrocarbon utilizing fungal (THUF) count ranged from 0.01 to 0.85 (log10cfu/ml). A statistical study revealed no appreciable difference in THB between the sampling stations and the controls. Streptococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Pediococcus spp., Kurthia, Staphylococcus, and Micrococcus spp. were among the bacteria species isolated for the study. Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium adamatzii, Rhizopus oligosporus, and Penicillium spp. were among the fungi that were isolated. The study's bacterial and fungal counts showed how oilfield effluent affected aquatic microorganisms. The abundance of microorganisms that use hydrocarbons demonstrated that the water body under study had active native hydrocarbon utilizers that can be used in the bioremediation process.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81010490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Wood Ash in the Preparation of “Soumbala” from Parkia biglobosa Seeds","authors":"Ténincoura Nadège Koné, Zamblé Bi Irié Abel Boli, Kra Brou Didier Kedjebo, Tagro Simplice Guehi","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i1703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i1703","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Evaluation of the biochemical and microbiological characterization of Parkia biglobosa seeds added with wood ash during the fermentation for the preparation of \"soumbala\" (traditional condiment used across West Africa). \u0000Study Design:  Food safety \u0000Methodology: 32 soumbala samples due to eight samples per commune were collected in the markets of Dimbokro (city in the center of Côte d'Ivoire) and three communes from Abidjan district, namely Adjamé, Abobo and Cocody. Also, 5 kg of Parkia biglobosa seeds divided into 14 samples were collected on Adjamé’s market. The loads of microorganisms (mesophilic aerobic germs, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus, yeasts and moulds) were determined by counting after culture in agar medium. The physico-chemical composition (pH, titratable acidity and soluble sugars) of Soumbala and Parkia bigloboda seeds has been determined according to standard methods. \u0000Results: The results of physico-chemical analyses showed that the pH varied from 5.53 to 7.95 for the control and from 8.2 to 8.6 for the \"soumbala\" produced in the presence of ash during 72 hours of fermentation, while that of the commercial \"soumbala\" was between 6.4 and 7.7. The protein, reducing sugar and fat contents increase while the dry matter and total carbohydrate contents of the seeds decrease during the fermentation process. Microbiological analyzes showed that the Bacillus loads varied from 5.2 to 9.9 log (CFU/g) for the control and 4.2 to 10.9 log (CFU/g) with the addition of wood ash with a respective optimum of 60 hours, those of lactic acid bacteria varied respectively by 2.3 log (UFC/g) and 3.1 log (UFC/g) in the control and supplemented with wood ash to reach an optimal load similar of 5.5 log (CFU/g). Yeast and mold loads varied from 2 to 5.2 log (CFU/g) for the control and from 3 to 4.5 and 5.6 log (CFU/g) respectively with the addition of wood ash. Bacillus was the only microorganism with the highest load both in commercial soumbala [10.2 log (CFU/g)] and in laboratory-produced soumbala [9.7 log (CFU/g)]. \u0000Conclusion: Wood ash had a enhancing effect on the fermentation of Parkia biglobosa seeds where Bacillus are in the majority. \"Soumbala\" produced in the laboratory were free of lactic acid bacteria and fungi at the end of fermentation.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87725385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}