Journal of Advances in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Bactericidal and Bacteriostatic Effects of Four Different Parts of 2 Plants Moringa Extracts against the Bacteria Vibrio cholerae and Salmonella typhi, and some Phytochemical Properties","authors":"C. S. Metsopkeng, G. Bricheux, F. Donnadieu, P. Nana, I. Ripoche, N. Tchinda, G. Agbor, P. Chalard, T. Sime-Ngando, M. Nola","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i9749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i9749","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Typhoid fever and cholera are two major health challenges in many developing countries. The use of extracts of the plants Moringa for their treatment is often done without perfect knowledge of the antimicrobial properties of each part of plant. This study aims to evaluate the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects of extracts of M. oleifera and M. stenopetala against the bacteria S. typhi and V. cholerae which cause typhoid fever and cholera respectively.\u0000Materials and Methods: Four different parts (leaves, seeds, stem, and roots) of each plant species were dried and then ground. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the extracts of each part of the plants against the considered bacteria were determined by dilution method. Their phytochemical profiles were determined by chromatographic and mass spectral analyses.\u0000Results: It has been noted that MICs and MBCs varied from one part to another of the same Moringa species, and from one bacterium to another for the same extract. With M. oleifera, the lowest MBC (0.078 mg/mL) against S. typhi and V. cholerae came from seeds and roots extracts, respectively. With M. stenopetala, the lowest MBCs against S. typhi (0.156 mg/mL) and V. cholerae (0.312 mg/mL) were from seeds extracts. Extracts of different parts of M. oleifera have bactericidal effects against S. typhi, and bacteriostatic effects against V. cholerae. Extracts from all considered parts of M. stenopetala have bacteriostatic effects against both bacteria. Although some phytochemicals were found in both Moringa, others were specific to one species or to a given part.\u0000Conclusion:  In case of co-infection by both bacteria, M. oleifera roots extracts could be the most recommended in the treatment because of their lowest MIC and MBC. With M. stenopetala, roots and seeds extracts could be the most recommended because of their relatively lower MIC and MBC, respectively. The next studies will determine for each microorganism, the activity of each identified and purified chemical compound. \u0000GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT \u0000","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81126402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of In-vitro Activity of Cefixime to Doxycycline and Minocycline Against Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Patients Suffering from Respiratory Tract Infections at a Tertiary Care Centre in Northern India","authors":"Akanksha Dubey, Mitra Kar, C. Sahu","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i9748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i9748","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTI) form a major part of common ailments encountered by a general physicians hailing from a developing country. Antibiotics are used for treating any infection but inappropriate use of antibiotics lead to development of multidrug resistance (MDR). This study was performed to analyze the comparative in-vitro activity of Cefixime and Tetracyclines by antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) against the pathogens isolated from respiratory samples. \u0000Materials and Methods: We performed a prospective study in the Bacteriology section of the Department of Microbiology at a teaching hospital in Northern India from Jan 2022 to June 2022. Cefixime, Doxycycline, and Minocycline were tested for susceptibility against 100 Gram-negative bacteria from respiratory samples. The antibiotic susceptibility testing for each of the isolates was performed by the Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method, according to the CLSI, 2019 guidelines. \u0000Results: Our study cohort included 100 Gram negative isolates with a majority of them obtained from Endotracheal aspirate samples (43, 43%) followed by Sputum (37, 37%) samples. The most common microorganism tested for susceptibility to this drug was Klebsiella pneumoniae (39, 39%) followed by Escherichia coli (33, 33%). Escherichia coli was identified as the most isolated to all the antibiotics and was 12.12% (4/33, 12.12%) susceptible to all three drugs. On overall analysis activity of Doxycycline was better than Cefixime among inducible Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenter isolate.     \u0000Conclusion: Doxycycline is a proficient antimicrobial agent for treating an array of Gram-negative bacteria-associated infections showing better in-vitro activity in comparison to Minocycline and other bactericidal agents like Cefixime.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86070909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activities of Medicinal Plants Used against Microbial Infections in Pregnant Women in Delta State, Nigeria","authors":"P. O. Adomi, Ruth Idundun","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i9747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i9747","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnant women are important people in society. As such, their health condition is paramount. Healthy babies reflect the health condition of fetus in the womb and the mother. In Nigeria, pregnant women consult local midwives for the purpose of their health and that of their unborn children. Medicinal plant ingestion is common among pregnant women as they believe it is safe and effective for curing ailment and maintaining good health. Microbial diseases that infect pregnant women are numerous. There is therefore a need to detect other bioactive compounds which could be used for treating and maintaining good health in pregnant women. The study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of medicinal plants used for pregnancy care. Medicinal plants used were identified by oral interview. Microorganisms were isolated and identified by standard methods from urine samples. Result from oral interviewers showed that some medicinal plants and substances including kaolin clay were used by pregnant women. Microrganisms identified were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and others including Candida albicans. Ficus exasperata and Solenostemon monostachyus were active against Candida albicans at 12.5mg/ml but not active on any bacteria. Peperomia pellucida had no inhibitory effect on any of the microorganism. In conclusion, Ficus exasperata and Solenostemon monostachyus could be used to treat microbial infections caused by Candida ablicans during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90436198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiology and Physicochemical Characteristics of Surface Water from a Local Refinery Site in Port Harcourt, Nigeria","authors":"Chibuike, Princess Mebom, W. Olufunmilayo, Ajah, Elizabeth Queen","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i9746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i9746","url":null,"abstract":"Water plays a vital role in maintaining human health but due to an increase in industrialization, urbanization and other anthropogenic activities, surface water pollution is on an increase. This research was carried out to investigate the microbiological and physicochemical status of a crude oil polluted surface water in Iwofe River, Rumuolemini, Port Harcourt. Samples were collected from two points (Upstream and Downstream) bi-monthly for a period of three months. The THB counts for the upstream and downstream samples were 1.7 × 108cfu/ml and 1.4 × 108 cfu/ml, respectively while the THF counts for the samples were 3.0 × 106cfu/ml and 1.4 × 106 cfu/ml, respectively. Hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial (HUB) counts were higher in the upstream (1.5 × 106cfu/ml) than downstream (4.3 ×105cfu/ml) location of the Iwofe River. The Hydrocarbon utilizing fungal (HUF) count ranged from 1.0 × 105cfu/ml to 1.4 × 105 cfu/ml in the upstream and downstream water samples, respectively. The results of all the microbiological parameters analyzed indicated that the total heterotrophic bacterial (THB) and Total heterotrophic fungal (THF) counts were higher in the upstream than in the downstream location. The Most Probable Number (MPN) method used for the determination of coliform counts revealed the presence of coliforms both upstream and downstream, with an MPN index of 1,600/100ml of each sample. Some of the bacterial species isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae while the fungal isolates included Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium species and Alternaria species. The high level of oil contamination poses a great health threat and there is a need for remediation of the aquatic ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80341228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioproduction and Application of Orange and Yellow Pigments Obtained from Chryseomicrobium palamuruense and Micrococcus luteus","authors":"Ifeoluwa V. Daramola, K. Awojobi","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i8742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i8742","url":null,"abstract":"Colour is a fundamental and most likely one of the primary attributes to be observed by the human senses, making it an essential part of human life and culture. This study investigates the bioproduction and potential application of bacterial pigments obtained from abattoir wastewater.  Bacteria isolates recovered from abattoir wastewater were screened for pigment production and identified using the 16S rRNA gene sequence. Optimal physicochemical conditions of parameters were investigated and harnessed for bulk pigment production. Pigments produced were characterised using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) Analysis.  The antibacterial and dyeing ability of the extracted pigments were evaluated. Two bacteria namely, Chryseomicrobium palamuruense strain PUI and Micrococcus luteus strain 1k produced orange and yellow pigments respectively. The UV-visible spectrum of the orange pigment produced by Chryseomicrobium palamuruense showed surface plasmon resonance peaks at 262, 426, and 453 nm while that of the yellow pigment produced by Micrococcus luteus showed a single peak at 260 nm. The FTIR analysis of the extracted pigments indicated the presence of some functional groups namely hydroxyl (OH), C-H, primary and secondary C-O, and skeletal C-C vibrations.  Chryseomicrobium palamuruense and Micrococcus luteus showed no antibacterial activity against the selected typed bacterial isolates assessed in this study. The orange pigment extracted from Chryseomicrobium palamuruense was retained on cotton and polyester producing different shades of colour on the two fabrics when used as a dyeing agent. The pigment-producing potentials of these organisms suggest their relevance as promising dyes in textile industry.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89563588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GC-MS Based Metabolomic Profiling of Streptomyces clavuligerus Isolated from Ocimum gratissimum Rhizosphere","authors":"R. G. Ifediora, C. Anyamene, M. O. Ikele, C. Ezebialu","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i8741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i8741","url":null,"abstract":"Streptomyces clavuligerus is a member of the Actinobacteria family primarily known for its production of clavulanic acid antibiotic. The need for identification of new antimicrobials led to the identification of volatile components of S. clavuligerus metabolites using GC-MS. The isolate was obtained from Ocimum gratissimum rhizosphere using starch casein agar, and identified using molecular typing. The preliminary antibacterial screening of the isolate was carried out using some indicator bacteria from wound sites and urinary tract infection. Its bioactive metabolites were obtained using sub-merged fermentation over a four-day period, and the volatile compounds identified using GC-MS. The organism showed significant (p<0.05) inhibition on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Metabolomics study revealed the presence of compounds of alkanone and alkene functional groups. Eicosene was the major antimicrobial compound identified. Likewise, a non-antimicrobial, steroidal metabolite – pregnelonone, was also dominant in the metabolite mixture produced by the organism. Identifying volatile constituents of microbial metabolites may be a route for obtaining new antimicrobials and the GC-MS is a useful tool for achieving such aim.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88770560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-microbial Activity of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) Extracts from Semi-arid Eastern Parts of Kenya","authors":"Mercy Liharaka Kidaha, G. Mungai, Fredah K. Rimberia Wanzala","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i8740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i8740","url":null,"abstract":"Natural products are alternatively used in the control of pests and diseases because they are highly available, cheap and environmentally friendly. Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) belongs to the Leguminosae family and subfamily Fabaceae. Its native to Africa, Asia and S, America. Tamarind tree produces pod like edible fruits that are widely used in cuisines globally. The fruits have been reported to be therapeutic in several pharmacopoeias. The seeds have been explored in the treatment of diabetes, fevers, intestinal infections and diarrhea. In Kenya, tamarind is present in the arid and semi-arid areas and there is limited information on its antimicrobial activity. This study aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial activity of leaf and fruit extracts from tamarind trees growing in semi-arid Eastern Kenya. Fruits and leaves of tamarind were sequentially extracted using methanol and water and evaporated using a rotary evaporator at 40°C. The extracts were then reconstituted using the solvent and stored at 4°C. The pathogenic bacteria were cultured on 28 g/l of nutrient agar and the extract-impregnated discs were inoculated on the plates and cultured at 37 °C for 24 hrs. Sub-culturing was done to obtain pure isolates of the pathogens. The extracts were tested for their activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Data on bacterial inhibition zones were recorded after 24 hrs. The results revealed that there was no significant difference in inhibition between the leaf and fruit extracts. However, there was a significant inhibition difference between the five study regions and in extraction solvents against B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa. Tamarind extracts were not effective against S. aureus and E. coli. When compared to common antibiotics Ampicillin, Methanol leaf extracts from accessions KT007, E017 and E020 had a higher inhibition than B. subtilis; also, water fruit extracts from accessions E008 and E014 had a higher inhibition than B. subtilis. Methanol leaf extracts from accessions KT012, E001, KB008 and KB011 had higher inhibition against P. aeruginosa              compared to Streptomycin, Kanamycin, and Co-trimoxazole.  Water fruit extracts from the accession of KT012 had a higher inhibition of P. aeruginosa compared to Streptomycin, Kanamycin, and Co-trimoxazole. Water leaf extracts from accessions of KT001, KB004, KB005, KB011, KB012, KB014 and KB016 had a higher inhibition of P. aeruginosa compared to kanamycin, gentamycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, and co-trimoxazole. Tamarind extracts did not inhibit S. aureus and E. coli. In conclusion, Eastern Kenyan tamarind had limited potential against B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77745392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Profiling of Lactobacillus plantarum Isolated from Ocimum gratissimum Rhizosphere","authors":"R. G. Ifediora, C. Anyamene, M. O. Ikele, C. Ezebialu","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i8739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i8739","url":null,"abstract":"L. plantarum is a known member of the lactic acid bacteria that possesses antimicrobial  activities. Organic acids, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins have been majorly identified  as the contributors to its antimicrobial activity. The present study sought to employ the GC-MS technique to further classify biological compounds that comprise the antimicrobial metabolite produced by L. plantarum through sub-merged fermentation. The bacterium was isolated from the rhizosphere of O. gratissimum and confirmed using molecular typing. Preliminary antibacterial screening of the organism was done with indicator strains isolated from urinary tract and wound surface, after which sub-merged fermentation was employed for the production of secondary metabolites for a 24 h period. The GC-MS technique was employed to identify the volatile bioactive compounds that comprise the secondary metabolite produced. The organism had significant (p<0.05) inhibition of the indicator strains when compared to the ciprofloxacin standard antibiotic. Metabolomics analyses identified Hydroxylamine, O-decyl-, 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, and a wide range of organic compounds mainly from the alkane, amine, carboxylic acids and phenol functional groups, as the components of its antibacterial metabolite. GC-MS based metabolomics analyses is a profitable tool for identifying key components of the antibacterial substance produced by L. plantarum as this will give a room for its bio-prospecting potentials as alternative and sustainable source of novel antimicrobial compounds and other beneficial medications used by humans.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"83 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73064437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Jatropha curcas Leaf Extract on Some Isolates Associated with Surgical Wounds","authors":"Tobias Agada Ikoyi, U. Ashien, Banyonga Saidu Bobzom, Ime Aniema-Abasi Wilson, Ukemeobong Aniefiok Akpabio, Chidimma Rosemary Obi-Anyaorah","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i8738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i8738","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the antibacterial efficacy of Jatropha curcas leaf extract against some isolates associated with surgical wounds. \u0000Study Design: This was a hospital-based study conducted in 2017 in the Department of medical microbiology unit of Bingham university teaching hospital and the national veterinary research institute (NVRI) both institutions are located in Jos Plateau State Nigeria. \u0000Methodology: A total of twenty (20) isolates from clinical specimens of surgical wounds were used. The following bacteria were identified using biochemical analysis: Staphylococcus aureus (15), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (3). Using standard methods of ethanol and aqueous extraction techniques, the leaves of the Jatropha curcas were examined for phytochemical content. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the isolate were determined using the broth dilution method, while the antibacterial activity of the isolate was observed using the agar well diffusion techniques. \u0000Results: The result of the phytochemical extraction shows the presence of the following Alkaloids (secondary metabolite) Saponins, Tannins, glycosides, Flavonoids, Oxalate, Terpenoids, Resins and steroids. The ethanol extract of Jatropha curcas exhibited antimicrobial activity against all the test bacteria with higher activity recorded with Staphylococcus aureus (15 mm) followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (12 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10 mm). Aqueous extract of Jatropha curcas leaves did not exhibit significant antimicrobial activity against all the test isolates when compared to Ethanol Extraction However Aqueous extract of Jatropha curcas had a slight antimicrobial activity against only Staphylococcus aureus in the range of (5 mm to 7 mm). The MIC value for the ethanol extract of Jatropha curcas ranged from 100mg/ml to 200mg/ml while the MIC value for the aqueous extract was 200mg/ml.  \u0000Conclusion: The result of the present study shows that the ethanol and aqueous extracts of Jatropha Curcas leaves possess some antibacterial activities. The ethanol extract had higher antimicrobial activity than the aqueous extract on surgical wounds. It could therefore be inferred that these leaves contain bioactive constituents which can effectively inhibit the growth of some microorganisms. The plant could be used as an alternative therapy in the treatment of surgical wounds.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85894201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Nworie River, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria","authors":"Onyinyechi S. Onu, C. I. Chikwendu, C. O. Nweke","doi":"10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i7737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2023/v23i7737","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of infectious organisms' development of antibiotic resistance, using antibiotics to treat infectious diseases has become more challenging. This study was undertaken to study the antibiogram of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from Nworie river in Imo state. Water samples were collected and the two test organisms were selectively isolated for antimicrobial analysis. Routine antibiograms were determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton Agar. Nine (9) antibiotics were used for the analysis; ceftazidime (30 ug), imipenem (10 ug), meropenem (10 ug), cefotaxime (30 ug), tetracycline (30 ug), ciprofloxacin (5 ug), gentamicin (10 ug), colistin (10 ug) and polymyxin B (30 ug) (Oxoid, Basingstoke). 67 isolates of Escherichia coli and 75 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were obtained from the water samples. Escherichia coli had a very high resistance to polymyxin B (100%), colistin (100%), cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime (100%), ciprofloxacin (73.13%), tetracycline (82.09) and imipenem (73.13%), it exhibited a moderate resistance to meropenem (67.16%) and a low resistance to gentamicin (38.81%). Klebsiella pneumoniae had a very high resistance to polymyxin B (100%), colistin (100%), cefotaxime (98.67%), ceftazidime (98.67%), ciprofloxacin (86.67%), tetracycline (84), meropenem (78.67%) and imipenem (64%), it exhibited a moderate resistance to gentamicin (41.33%). Very high rates of resistance were found amongst isolates in this study and this is a cause for worry especially as the river from which these isolates were obtained is used for drinking swimming, washing etc. It is recommended therefore that more research is carried out to find out novel antibiotics that can be used in the treatment of diseases caused by these Enteriobacteriaceae; including combined chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":14918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Microbiology","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80725680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}