Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Elevated CO2 Modulates N Uptake and N Use Efficiency of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Response to Soil Progressive Drought at Topping Stage","authors":"Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Fulai Liu,&nbsp;Guitong Li","doi":"10.1111/jac.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration ([CO₂]) is believed to mitigate the drought stress on plant, and is regulated by soil nitrogen availability. Nonetheless, effects of elevated [CO₂] (<i>e</i>[CO₂]) on plant response to drought and their interactive effects on plant N uptake and utilisation remain critical unknown. In this study, three-month-old potted tobacco plants (a C₃ model and crop plant) cultivated at two CO₂ concentrations (400 and 800 μmol mol ⁻¹) were exposed to progressive drought stress after budding-topping. In this study, ¹⁵N isotopic technique used for analysing the fertiliser-N transformation in soil and plant organs. Results shown drought generally decreased tobacco biomass, and soil nutrient supply significantly intensify this leaf biomass decreasing induced by drought, while <i>e</i>[CO₂] could alleviate the soil drought and nutrient effects on biomass decreasing in upper-leaf. During progressive drought, <i>e</i>[CO₂]-plants are able to maintain higher root hydraulic conductivity (<i>K</i>_r) than their <i>a</i>[CO₂]-counterparts, the higher <i>K</i>_r induced by <i>e</i>[CO₂] were correlated with leaf stomatal conductance (<i>g</i>_s) decrease and xylem sap ABA ([ABA]_xylem) increase. In other words, soil nutrient supply enhanced the [ABA]_xylem of drought-stressed plants with 3–7 folds higher than none nutrient supply counterparts. Elevated [CO₂] induced more fertiliser-N accumulated in tobacco leaves, especially under well-watered conditions, which in turn yielded higher photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency in leaves but low in whole plant. These results suggested that <i>e</i>[CO₂] could alleviate drought-induced photosynthesis limitation by improving root biomass (mainly fine root) and <i>K</i>_r, but the alleviation varied with soil nutrient conditions, thereby mitigating the drought-negative effects on upper-leaf growth, finally improved tobacco water use efficiency and tobacco production.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142887907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strong Source and Fluent Flow May Increase Grain Weight and Yield in Water-Saving and Drought-Resistance Rice: A 5-Year Field Study","authors":"Kun Liu,&nbsp;Hong Zhao,&nbsp;Dangping Hou,&nbsp;Chenyu Wang,&nbsp;Zhikang Li,&nbsp;Jiarong Cui,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Yiying Zhang,&nbsp;Li Ren,&nbsp;Jian Huang,&nbsp;Jingli Zhang,&nbsp;Jingyan Huang,&nbsp;Shouguo Li,&nbsp;Yunxia Chu,&nbsp;Hairong Chen,&nbsp;Shan Deng,&nbsp;Ruixi Han","doi":"10.1111/jac.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR) is a new type of cultivated rice, which not only has the characteristics of high yield and quality of rice, but also has the properties of water-saving and drought-resistance of upland rice. However, the source, flow and sink basis of its high yield were still unclear. It was of great significance for the breeding of high-yielding WDR varieties and cultivation regulation to clarify the characteristics of the source, flow, and sink of WDR yield formation and its regulation effects. In this study, WDR varieties (more than 20) with three groups of different grain weight types: small grain weight type (SGWT, grain weight &lt; 22.5 mg), medium grain weight type (MGWT, 22.5 mg &lt; grain weight &lt; 25 mg) and large grain weight type (LGWT, grain weight &gt; 25 mg), were selected as materials. The contribution of grain weight to the yield, the changes of source (flag leaf length and width), flow (stem length and diameter), and sink (grain length and width) and the regulation effects of grain fertiliser application rate (GFAR) on grain weight in WDR were studied through a 5-year field cultivation. The results showed that (1) the average yield of LGWT was significantly higher than that of SGWT and MGWT varieties, with an increase of 5.23%–9.88% and 2.06%–3.08%, respectively. Larger grain weight was the primary feature of high-yielding WDR varieties. (2) There was a significant positive correlation between grain weight and, flag leaf width (source) and stem diameter (flow) at the middle grain filling stage (25 days after heading) (<i>r</i> = 0.467*–0.688**). (3) Compared with no GFAR treatment, the applying GFAR treatments (GFAR at 25 and 50 kg ha⁻¹) increased the stem diameter, flag leaf width, grain weight and yield of Huhan1505 (SGWT), Huhan1517 (MGWT) and Hanyou756 (LGWT) to varying degrees, and the increase of SGWT was greater. Larger flag leaf width (strong source) and wider stem diameter (fluent flow) were material foundation for high yield of WDR. Promoting source strength and smooth flow at the middle grain filling stage was conducive to promoting the increase of grain weight and yield of WDR.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield and Forage Quality of the New Forage Perennial Legume Bituminaria bituminosa var. albomarginata cv. Lanza in Response to Rainfall Reduction and Competition","authors":"Jesús Fernández-Habas,&nbsp;Daniel Real,&nbsp;Tom Vanwalleghem,&nbsp;José Ramón Leal-Murillo,&nbsp;Pilar Fernández-Rebollo","doi":"10.1111/jac.70013","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Bituminaria bituminosa</i> is a promising drought-tolerant perennial legume which could reduce the vulnerability of Mediterranean livestock systems to drought. A 3-year field split-plot experiment was carried out in southern Spain to test the response of <i>Bituminaria bituminosa</i> cv. Lanza (tedera) to a 24% annual rainfall reduction and competition in terms of yield and forage quality. The experiment included a whole-plot factor, Rainfall, with two treatments, 24% annual rainfall reduction and no rainfall reduction, and two subplot factors: Species (tedera and alfalfa) and Stand (pure and mixed). In the sowing year, tedera in pure stands was as productive as alfalfa in rainfed conditions (2740 kg ha⁻¹). In the second year, a suitable distribution of rainfall until April and a mild winter allowed production of tedera of 9526 kg ha⁻¹ compared to 1811 kg ha⁻¹ of alfalfa. In the third year, both species had a similar yield of 1843 kg ha⁻¹. Rainfall reduction marginally affected (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.1) the species production. The 24% rainfall reduction had less impact on tedera than management and the contrasting weather over years. In the second year, rainfall reduction caused a decline in the yield of, on average, 36% in alfalfa and 17% in tedera. Contrary to the previous year, in the third year, both species showed a similar increase in yield under reduced rainfall due to a possible protective effect of the rainout shelters in winter. Tedera suffered from frost damage indicating the cold tolerance of cv. Lanza may not be enough to persist in some Mediterranean areas of the Iberian Peninsula. Competition strongly affected both species, leading to failure, especially in tedera, whose establishment may be severely limited by fast-growing grasses. Tedera showed suitable forage quality, especially in the leaf fraction (CP = 16%). However, uncut tedera developed lignified stems that caused a great decline in forage quality. Rainfall reduction had little or no impact on forage quality.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waterlogging Effects on Root Morphology, Yield, and Stress Tolerance in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Grown on Semi-Arid Vertisols","authors":"E. Senthamil,&nbsp;Hanamant M. Halli,&nbsp;P. S. Basavaraj,&nbsp;S. S. Angadi,&nbsp;Vinay M. Gangana Gowdra,&nbsp;C. B. Harisha,&nbsp;K. M. Boraiah,&nbsp;B. Sandeep Adavi,&nbsp;S. R. Salakinkoppa,&nbsp;Ganesh Mohite,&nbsp;K. Sammi Reddy","doi":"10.1111/jac.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Waterlogging, a global environmental stress, jeopardises food security, causing an economic loss of US$ 74 billion. This could intensify by 14%–35% due to climate change, particularly affecting leguminous crops by altering root morphology and yields. Therefore, studies on the crops root systems and yield reduction to waterlogging stress are required to ensure global food security (sustainable development goals; SDG 2) and an adaptation strategy against climate threats (SDG 13). Hence, studies were conducted for 2 years (2022 and 2023) to understand the effect of varied durations of waterlogging (1–25 days) at three growth stages (15 DAE; Days After Emergence, 25 DAE and at 50% flowering) of cowpea. Results revealed that the highest reduction in root length density (17.97%), surface density (17.31%), weight density (17.63%) and volume density (19.60%) was observed at early growth stages of cowpea (15 DAE) over control. As a result, the maximum reduction in crop growth and grain yield (62.90%) with the lowest yield stability index (YSI ~0.62) and stress tolerance index (STI ~0.78) were recorded. Waterlogging for 17 to 25 days significantly reduced root morphological features and growth, resulting in highest reduction in grain yield (71.32%–81.64%), and the lowest YSI and STI. Notably, plants at early growth stages produced a greater number of lengthier aerial roots with increasing waterlogging durations after 7 days. Whereas, the interaction of 1 day waterlogging at 25 DAE reported minimal yield reduction (~0.36%) with greater YSI (~0.99) and STI (~1.52). Therefore, the sensitivity of cowpea roots to waterlogging explained the reduction in grain yield and stress tolerance. In conclusion, cowpea was found to be highly sensitive at early growth stages (15 DAE) after 3 days of waterlogging stress on vertisols of semi-arid tropics.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root Lodging Resistance in Maize (Zea mays L.) Under Conservative Strip-Till Cultivation System","authors":"Ye Sha,&nbsp;Siyu Zhao,&nbsp;Zhanhong Hao,&nbsp;Zheng Liu,&nbsp;Wenlang Hu,&nbsp;Guozhong Feng,&nbsp;Fanjun Chen,&nbsp;Guohua Mi","doi":"10.1111/jac.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Root lodging significantly affects maize yield and is influenced by both genotypes and soil characteristics. Strip-till (ST) is a conservative cultivation method that disturbs only the planting strip, leaving the remaining soil undisturbed and covered with maize residues. Less is known about the effect of ST on root lodging. Here, a field experiment was conducted in Northeast China in 2020 and 2021 with 20 maize genotypes to study the relationship between root lodging and soil environment and root system architecture (RSA) under ST. Compared with conventional-till (CT), in which the maize residues were cleared and the soil was cultivated using a rotary tiller, ST led to a smaller and narrower RSA, with crown root length reduced by 9.5% and crown root biomass reduced by 9.3%. Additionally, inter-row root expansion angle and width were smaller by 5.3% and 17.3%, respectively. Despite these reductions, the root lodging rate in ST plants was significantly lower than in CT plants, with an absolute decrease of 25.5%. This enhanced resistance is attributed to the increased soil strength in the inter-row, where the soil bulk density was 10.3% higher and the soil porosity was 10.2% lower in the 0–10 cm layer. Notably, certain maize genotypes, such as ZD958, developed a greater number of fine roots in the compacted inter-row soil, showing a 66.4% increase compared to XY335 in the 0–12 cm soil layer. This trait contributed to improved resistance to root lodging. In conclusion, ST enhances root lodging resistance and offers opportunities to increase maize yield through optimised management practices, including the selection of high-yielding cultivars with wide RSA.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous Melatonin Enhances Pollen Fertility of Drought-Stressed Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by Improving Antioxidant Metabolism","authors":"Huilian Yu,&nbsp;Kaiyang Zhao,&nbsp;Ke Yan,&nbsp;Yizheng Wen,&nbsp;Zicheng Gao,&nbsp;Shijie Xue,&nbsp;Wenqing Zhao,&nbsp;Shanshan Wang,&nbsp;Zhiguo Zhou,&nbsp;Wei Hu","doi":"10.1111/jac.70010","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exogenous melatonin (MT) can aid crops in mitigating drought stress, yet its impacts on cotton pollen fertility under drought remain understudied. To address this, a study on the effects of exogenous MT on cotton pollen sterility and internal physiological metabolism under drought stress was conducted. Results showed that although antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased in drought-stressed anthers, yet this was insufficient to balance reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which led to higher hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and superoxide anion (O₂⁻) accumulation, resulting in oxidative stress, manifested by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced pollen viability. Remarkably, the application of MT further bolstered the activities of CAT, POD and SOD in drought-stressed anthers, effectively mitigating the accumulation of O₂⁻ and H₂O₂. This enhancement facilitated the antioxidant defence system under drought conditions. Simultaneously, the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) was reduced, which prevented the reduction of dehydroascorbate (DHA) to ASA, and the ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle was destroyed, leading to the accumulation of GSH. Nevertheless, MT application triggered upregulation of both <i>GhDHAR</i> and <i>GhMDHAR</i> expressions, promoting AsA synthesis and regeneration, respectively, thereby elevating AsA levels. Furthermore, MT revitalised APX activity, accelerating the removal of H₂O₂ through AsA-mediated reduction, ultimately restoring the balance of the AsA-GSH cycle and enhancing the overall antioxidant capacity of drought-stressed anthers. In summary, exogenous MT can enhance the scavenging ability of ROS in drought-affected anthers by elevating the activities of CAT, POD and SOD and by enhancing APX activity in the AsA-GSH cycle, thereby alleviating drought-induced oxidative stress and improving pollen fertility under water deficit stress.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Architecture of Adaptive Lignin Biosynthesis Navigating Environmental Stresses in Plants","authors":"Abdul Jalal,&nbsp;Yongli Wang,&nbsp;Chenyang Cai,&nbsp;Aliya Ayaz,&nbsp;Khulood Fahad Alabbosh,&nbsp;Khalid Ali Khan,&nbsp;Song Han,&nbsp;Daochen Zhu","doi":"10.1111/jac.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In natural ecosystems, plants are under continuous environmental stresses, compromising plants' survival and propagation. Being sessile in nature, plants evolved various signalling pathways to cope with adverse changing environments, and to optimise their adaptation to terrestrial conditions. The plant cell wall, rich in polymers, is actively engaged in the signalling process. In this context, the phenylpropanoid pathway, producing protective secondary metabolites like flavonoids and lignin, played a crucial role in the early plants' colonisation on land. In this review, we highlighted the current knowledge and the impending gaps of lignin biosynthesis in plants, and the hydrophobic and impervious properties of lignin facilitating effective transportation of solutes and water within vascular system along with its significance to protect plants from environmental stressors either abiotic like temperature, drought, salinity and heavy metals or biotic such as herbivorous insects, root-knot nematodes and phytopathogens. Additionally, the identification of essential biosynthetic genes that play a role in regulating lignin biosynthesis, as well as their contribution to improving stress tolerance through modifications in lignification of cell wall and biochemical mechanisms of lignin in the evolution of land plants are discussed, including the synergistic action of dirigent proteins and laccase in producing monolignol radicals. This discussion provided future research direction to develop genetic engineering approaches to improve lignin in terrestrial plants and develop stress-tolerant plants that will improve the resilience and survival of plants under challenging environmental conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaf and Crown Cuticular Wax Responses in Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua L.) Plants Exposed to Ice Encasement","authors":"Devendra Prasad Chalise,&nbsp;Emily Merewitz","doi":"10.1111/jac.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The plant cuticle, the outermost protective layer of most aboveground plant parts, serves as the first line of defence. While its role in various stress responses has been well-studied, its role in ice encasement stress tolerance is unknown. This research aimed to investigate changes in cuticular wax on the leaves and crowns of annual bluegrass after different ice encasement durations (0, 40, and 60 days) and to analyse the relationships between wax levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, electrolyte leakage (EL), and recovery rate. A two-year controlled environment study was conducted during 2022–2023 and 2023–2024 in East Lansing, MI, USA. Higher wax coverage was observed on leaves (61.89 μg cm⁻²) compared to crowns (7.64 μg cm⁻²). On average for leaves and crowns, the highest wax coverage was observed in the 0-day treatment (41.10 μg cm⁻²), whereas the least was observed in the 60 days treatment (27.90 μg cm⁻²). The reduction on wax coverage was primarily due to C₂₆-hexacosanol. A strong negative correlation existed between wax coverage, malondialdehyde content, and electrolyte leakage, whereas wax coverage and recovery rate were strongly positively correlated, indicating that cuticular waxes may help protect against stress damage. Future research should explore these mechanisms further to develop effective strategies for alleviating winter stress in grass species.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Harvest: Freezing Temperatures Reduce the Root Yield and Sugar Content of Beta vulgaris L.","authors":"Lihua Wang,&nbsp;Jingjie Chen,&nbsp;Guokai Fan,&nbsp;Rui Chen,&nbsp;Gui Geng,&nbsp;Yao Xu,&nbsp;Yuguang Wang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sugar beet (<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L.) is the main source of white sugar in northern China, and an optimal harvesting time is key for maximising its yield and sugar content. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of gradually extending harvest times on the growth, physiological characteristics, yield and sucrose accumulation in sugar beet and identify the optimal harvesting time. We conducted a 3-year experiment across different harvesting times from 23 Sep to 28 Oct (harvest every 7 days) to examine the effects of different magnitudes of temperature reduction. The yield and sugar content were the highest in time III (the daily mean/minimum temperature: 9.5°C/5°C) in 2020, time III (the daily mean/minimum temperature: 8.2°C/2°C) and IV (the daily mean/minimum temperature: 10.1°C/2°C) in 2021 and time IV (the daily mean/minimum temperature: 10.5°C/5°C) and V (the daily mean/minimum temperature: 7°C/−1°C) in 2022. The yield and sugar content were low at an early harvest, as the biomass and sucrose accumulation process was not complete. However, the decrease in temperature (daily minimum temperature below 0°C) during late harvest leads to a decrease in the yield and sugar content because of the decreased sucrose accumulation of source leaves, increased sucrose decomposition and the poor transport capacity of phloem in the stem. Therefore, the optimal harvesting time for sugar beet in northern China depends on temperature conditions. It is optimal when (1) the daily minimum temperature gradually decreases to 0°C but not lower than 0°C and when (2) the daily mean temperature is approximately 10°C. This work will help sugar beet producers harvest high-quality crops and reduce unnecessary losses in northern China.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering Rice Genotypes Under Submergence Stress and Optimum Condition for Yield Stability Analysis","authors":"Prajjwal Pradhan,&nbsp;Bimal Das,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar,&nbsp;Victor Phani,&nbsp;Surajit Kundu","doi":"10.1111/jac.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the flood-prone area, the improved high-yielding variety of rice declines its vegetative growth and suffers substantial yield losses due to water stagnation. To address the issue measurement, the present work implemented 45 rice genotypes in a randomized complete block design with three replicates over three consecutive years (2018–2021) across submergence (E1, E3, E5) and optimum environments (E2, E4, E6) to assess the adaptability of these genotypes and identify the most desirable type by various stability indices. A significant genotype × environment interaction (GEI) was found in the combined ANOVA of yield and its component traits. The combined analyses of yield component traits through the multi-trait stability index (MTSI) and yield-stability statistics (<i>YSi</i>) found the most promising genotypes G20 and G32, respectively. The mean grain yield advantage was found in G18 under submerged conditions and G25 across the environments. A highly significant correlation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) exists between the stress tolerance index and yield in both submergence (<i>r</i> = 0.96) and normal (<i>r</i> = 0.90) circumstances. Among genotypes G18, G5 and G19, G20 showed strong stability for grain yield based on univariate stability parameters (YSi, σi2, Wi2, S2d and bi). An AMMI1 biplot analysis indicated that genotypes G37, G45, G32, G31, G27, G28, G19, G17 and G7 exhibited stability for grain yields, with IPCA1 values approaching zero. The GGE biplot analysis on yield was constructed into two mega-environments, where G18 (Narkel Chari), G31 (CR Dhan-500), G9 (Bhasha Manik) and G40 (SS-1) were winners of submergence stress and G25 (Narayan Kamini) was the winner of normal environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}