Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Biomass Accumulation and C N Partitioning in Soybean Plants in Response to Drought Stress and Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentration","authors":"Bingjing Cui,&nbsp;Wang Lv,&nbsp;Yiting Chen,&nbsp;Jingxiang Hou,&nbsp;Heng Wan,&nbsp;Jingru Song,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenhua Wei,&nbsp;Fulai Liu","doi":"10.1111/jac.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elevated carbon dioxide (<i>e</i>[CO₂]) promotes plant photosynthetic activity and growth, which mitigates the adverse effects of drought. The ability of soybean to fix nitrogen (N) from the air may sustain plant N nutrition under <i>e</i>[CO₂], and thus may influence carbohydrate metabolism. This study systematically analysed the interaction mechanism between elevated CO₂ concentration and drought stress on the regulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in soybean. In this study, the effects of <i>e</i>[CO₂] and aridity on the activity of carbohydrate-metabolising enzymes, carbon (C) and N partitioning in soybean plants were investigated. The findings indicated that <i>e</i>[CO₂] enhanced leaf biomass by 66% (Drought stress/DS) and 31.6% (Well-watered/WW) in comparison to plants raised under ambient CO₂, but decreased stem biomass by 28.6% (DS) and 35.5% (WW), with no effect on root biomass. <i>e</i>[CO₂] stimulated dry matter (18%DS, 16% WW) and C (17% DS, 16% WW) partitioning into leaf, whereas drought decreased it. Phosphofructokinase and sucrose synthase activity in leaves were increased in response to <i>e</i>[CO₂], especially for the drought-stressed plants. <i>e</i>[CO₂] depressed the leaf cytoplasmic invertase and cell wall invertase activities, while drought stress reversed such effects. In addition, <i>e</i>[CO₂] reduced leaf and stem N concentration, especially in well-watered plants, but elevated root N concentration under drought. Drought had little effect on N partitioning, while <i>e</i>[CO₂] increased the N partitioning to leaf (17% DS, 15% WW) and root (3% DS, 2% WW). The PCA plot further indicated there is a link between some of the C-catalysing enzyme activity and dry matter partitioning in soybean plants subjected to <i>e</i>[CO₂] and aridity treatment. These findings suggest that the alleviation of drought in soybean plants under <i>e</i>[CO₂] is mainly achieved by promoting root nitrogen nutrition distribution and leaf carbohydrate synthesis pathways. These observations provide a greater understanding of the adaptation to future elevated CO₂ and drought environments in soybean plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.70067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Low Temperature and Weak Light Combined Stress During Panicle Differentiation on Grain Yield and Physiological Property in Rice","authors":"Yajie Hu,&nbsp;Fan Li,&nbsp;Enwei Yu,&nbsp;Liang Sun,&nbsp;Jinghao Guo,&nbsp;Zhipeng Xing,&nbsp;Baowei Guo,&nbsp;Haiyan Wei,&nbsp;Zhongyang Huo,&nbsp;Ke Xu,&nbsp;Hongcheng Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate change threatens rice production by increasing the frequency of adverse weather conditions, such as continuous rainy and overcast days, which lead to combined low temperature and weak light stress (LTWL) during the rice growing stage. To investigate the impact of LTWL stress on rice grain yield and its physiological mechanisms, we conducted a 2-year study focusing on the panicle differentiation stage. Two rice cultivars were examined: conventional japonica rice and indica-japonica hybrid rice. The experimental treatments consisted of varying durations of LTWL exposure during panicle differentiation, namely T1 (0–7 days), T2 (0–14 days), T3 (0–21 days), T4 (8–14 days), and T5 (15–21 days) in 2021 and 2023, with the addition of T6 (22–28 days) in 2023. In addition, the normal temperature and sunlight treatment were conducted as the control (CK). The results revealed that, compared to the CK treatment, LTWL during panicle differentiation reduced rice grain yield by 6.25%–26.84% for NG9108 and by 3.05%–20.51% for YY2640. This yield reduction was primarily attributed to a decrease in the number of grains per panicle, with NG9108 experiencing a range of 4.60%–22.62% and YY2640 showing a range of 1.76%–20.14%, which resulted from reduced spikelet differentiation and increased spikelet degeneration. Among the 7-day LTWL treatments, the T5 treatment caused the most significant yield loss. Furthermore, as the duration of the LTWL stress increased, the decline in grain yield became more substantial. For the two types of cultivars, conventional japonica rice was more sensitive to LTWL treatments compared to the indica-japonica hybrid rice. Physiological analysis indicated that LTWL treatments enhanced internode elongation and increased leaf SPAD values. Additionally, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was elevated, suggesting a stress response to mitigate oxidative damage. However, LTWL stress also reduced leaf photosynthetic rates and root activity, which collectively contributed to the observed decline in grain yield during panicle differentiation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling Cotton Growth Dynamics, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency in Xinjiang Agricultural Systems","authors":"Kai Wei,&nbsp;Shudong Lin,&nbsp;Quanjiu Wang,&nbsp;Mingjiang Deng","doi":"10.1111/jac.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) yield (<i>Y</i>) generally depends on the plant height (<i>H</i>), leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation (<i>D</i>), and water consumption (<i>W</i>) of the entire growing period. Growing degree days (GDD) is an important meteorological factor affecting these growth indicators. This paper establishes a relative logistic growth model of <i>H</i>, LAI and <i>D</i> based on relative growing degree days (<i>R</i>_GDD) and analyses the spatial variability characteristics of the model parameters. The influence degree of model parameters on <i>Y</i>, <i>W</i> and harvest index (HI) are determined using the grey relational analysis. A series of cotton mathematical models are then proposed based on maximum LAI (LAI_max) and <i>W</i>. The results reveal that the growth rates of cotton <i>H</i>, LAI and <i>D</i> were maximised when the <i>R</i>_GDD is 0.43, 0.56 and 0.67, respectively. The coefficient of variation of the model parameter ranges from 0.1 to 1.0, indicating medium variability. The cotton HI and <i>Y</i> reach maximum values of 0.343 and 7236.464 kg/ha for LAI_max values of 5.046 and 5.949 cm²/cm², respectively. The corresponding required water consumption (<i>W</i>) is determined as 489.606 mm and 497.978 mm, while the water use efficiency (WUE) is 14.686 kg/(ha·mm) and 14.532 kg/(ha·mm), respectively. Furthermore, the cotton LAI_max and <i>W</i> range from 2.719 to 7.225 cm²/cm² and 455.957 to 642.688 mm, respectively. This study provides a scientific foundation for enhancing <i>Y</i> and WUE in the agricultural regions of Xinjiang. Furthermore, the proposed methods enable the prediction of <i>Y</i> and WUE with improved accuracy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield and Water Use Efficiency Were Enhanced Under Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation in Rice Through Improving Leaf Morphology and Physiology","authors":"Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Qinghao Meng,&nbsp;Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Xinping Lv,&nbsp;Yan Ru,&nbsp;Xiaotong Fa,&nbsp;Wenjiang Jing,&nbsp;Jianhua Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Leaf morphology and physiology play a crucial and indispensable role in crop growth and development. Alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD) is widely applied in the rice irrigation system. However, there are few studies on the response mechanism of leaf characteristics to AWD. In this study, two <i>indica</i> rice cultivars, Yangdao 6 and Yangliangyou 6, were selected, and two irrigation methods, AWD and conventional irrigation (CI), were set up to analyse the response mechanism of leaf morphology and physiology to yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under AWD. The results showed that yield and WUE were significantly increased under AWD. In terms of yield, AWD increased the effective and high-effective leaf area index (LAI) and specific leaf nitrogen content at the heading stage, improved the photosynthetic rate and promoted the accumulation and transport of photosynthetic assimilates after flowering. In terms of water use efficiency, AWD inhibited ineffective tillering, regulated stomatal characteristics and increased antioxidant enzyme activity and cytokinin levels. Correlation analysis showed that the percentage of productive tillers, NSC translocation amount and remobilisation, LAI, dry matter accumulation, grain–leaf ratio, leaf morphology (leaf length, leaf width) and leaf physiology (activity of antioxidant enzyme, Z + ZR contents, leaf net photosynthesis rate and specific leaf nitrogen contents) were positively correlated to grain yield and WUE. The results indicate that the improved leaf morphology and physiology of rice under AWD contributed to realise the goal of high grain yield and efficient water use.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of Biofortified Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Genotypes in Response to Drought Stress","authors":"Antonio Nunes de Andrade,&nbsp;Juliane Maciel Henschel,&nbsp;Damiana Justino Araújo,&nbsp;Daniel da Silva Gomes,&nbsp;Tatiana Dantas da Silva,&nbsp;Vanessa de Azevedo Soares,&nbsp;Estephanni Fernanda Oliveira Dantas,&nbsp;Adriano Salviano Lopes,&nbsp;André Dutra Silva Júnior,&nbsp;André Ricardo Zeist,&nbsp;Diego Silva Batista","doi":"10.1111/jac.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of orange- and purple-fleshed sweet potato genotypes with high nutritional quality and drought tolerance is paramount in the face of climate changes and exponential human population growth. Therefore, the objective was to select biofortified sweet potato genotypes tolerant to drought. Eight progenies developed by the NEOSC-UFSC group and one commercial genotype were grown in field and greenhouse conditions with drought periods. In the field trial, the plants were grown with very low rainfall from the 4th to the 13th and from 17th to the 18th weeks after planting (WAP). In the greenhouse trial, irrigation was suspended from the 4th to the 7th and 11th to 14th WAP (drought) or maintained throughout the experiment (control). The production of tuberous roots was evaluated in both trials, while biomass, gas exchanges, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll index, electrolyte leakage, relative water content, wilting tolerance and post-harvest attributes were determined in the greenhouse trial. The contents of phenolics and flavonoids did not differ among genotypes, which showed small colour variation in response to drought. Water deficit increased electrolyte leakage and reduced yield in all genotypes, which had different responses to drought, modulating gas exchanges, biomass partitioning, energy allocation and defences. The white-fleshed FW-42 and LW-102 and the purple-fleshed LP-115 and LP-75 were the most productive and the most tolerant to drought stress genotypes. These genotypes also showed higher yield than the global average and the commercial Brazlândia branca, pointing to their great potential to be used under well-water and drought conditions, providing higher nutritional quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.70071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dry Cultivation of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Enhances Drought Resistance by Modulating Root System Architecture, Antioxidant Potential and Sugar Metabolism","authors":"Xintong Ma,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Liangdong Li,&nbsp;Kuo Yu,&nbsp;Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Fengqing Yan,&nbsp;Xiaoshuang Wei,&nbsp;Ping Tian,&nbsp;Meiying Yang,&nbsp;Zhihai Wu","doi":"10.1111/jac.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rice is one of the world's major staple crops. Against the balance of population growth and water scarcity, improving drought resistance and yield of rice is essential for food security. However, the understanding remains limited regarding photosynthesis, antioxidant mechanisms and carbohydrate partitioning in the leaves and roots of rice under drought conditions. Based on our previous findings, this study compared the drought-resistant variety (Changjing616, CJ) and the drought-sensitive variety (Lianyu1013, LY) under flooding and dry cultivations. Our results revealed that CJ maintained comparable yields to those under flooding cultivation, whereas LY experienced a significant decline in yield. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CJ sustained a higher photosynthetic rate and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes under dry cultivation. In terms of root morphology, CJ showed significant improvement in key growth parameters under dry cultivation, while LY demonstrated a significant decline in these characteristics. The sugar contents and the activities of related enzymes in both the leaves and roots of CJ were notably enhanced by dry cultivation. Notably, the correlations between root systems and sugar metabolism varied between the two cultivation methods. In addition, the study identified that the increased R/S ratio, resulting from alterations in sugar metabolism under dry cultivation, significantly contributed to the drought resistance of rice. Collectively, these findings elucidate the pivotal role of sugar metabolism in enhancing the drought tolerance of rice under dry cultivation practices.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Heat Stress on Growth and Fodder Yield of C3 (Cowpea) and C4 (Pearl Millet) Crops: Insights From Field and Modelling Experiments","authors":"Vijay Kumar,&nbsp;S. S. Sandhu,&nbsp; Prabhjyot-Kaur,&nbsp;Simerjeet Kaur,&nbsp;S. S. Walia,&nbsp;K. K. Gill","doi":"10.1111/jac.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rising temperature is a major concern globally and its impact on crop production and food security is obvious. The impact of rising temperature on various crops needs to be studied under field conditions. Therefore, a study was conducted at Ludhiana (India) during 2021 and 2022 to investigate the effect of high temperature on growth and yield of cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp.), a C3 legume, and pearl millet (<i>Pennisetum glaucum</i> (L.) R. Br.), a C4 cereal grown as fodder crops. Artificial heat stress was imposed during 0–15, 16–30, 31–45, 46–60 and 0–60 days after sowing (DAS). Mini heat tents made up of galvanised iron pipe and polythene sheets were installed which resulted in an increase in maximum and minimum temperature by 4.0°C–5.1°C and 0.5°C–1.5°C, respectively. The heat stress resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the number of branches, plant height, dry matter and fresh fodder yield of cowpea, while it resulted in a statistically significant increase in plant height, dry matter and fodder yield of pearl millet. Physiological parameters like chlorophyll index and flavanol index were decreased under high temperature in both crops indicating stress. Heat stress positively affected chlorophyll fluorescence in pearl millet and negatively in cowpea. Green fodder yield of cowpea decreased by 3.83%–18.56%, while that of pearl millet increased by 9.44%–25.02% under different heat stress treatments. Thus, heat stress resulted in a decrease in fodder productivity of the C3 crop due to a reduction in physiological and growth parameters, while the increase in the same led to an improvement in fodder productivity of the C4 crop.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mechanisms of Improved Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Salt-Tolerant Rice Varieties Under Salt Stress","authors":"Lin Li,&nbsp;Zheng Huang,&nbsp;Shu Wu,&nbsp;Yicheng Zhang,&nbsp;Yixue Mu,&nbsp;Yusheng Li,&nbsp;Aibin He,&nbsp;Zhiyong Ai,&nbsp;Xiayu Guo,&nbsp;Lixiao Nie","doi":"10.1111/jac.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nitrogen (N) uptake and utilisation are crucial for improving rice yields, but the mechanisms of N absorption and transportation under salt stress conditions are still unclear. To address this gap, therefore, a field experiment was conducted from 2022 to 2023 to evaluate the characteristics of N metabolism, nitrogen use efficiency, and yield in rice under varying saline conditions. The experiment was comprised of three irrigation treatments i.e., freshwater irrigation (S0) and seawater and freshwater mixtures i.e., 5 dS m⁻¹ (S1), and 11 dS m⁻¹ (S2) to simulate salt stress in salt tolerant (ST), i.e., ‘Chaoyou 1000’ and ‘Longliangyou 506’, and in salt sensitive (SS), i.e., ‘Ruanhuayou1179’ and ‘Ruanhuayoujinsi’ rice varieties. Compared with S0, the 2-year average decreases in total nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen grain production efficiency and nitrogen harvest index were 27.1%, 17.8% and 10.5% under S1 treatment and 46.8%, 53.7% and 41.2% under S2 treatment for ST, respectively, all of which were lower than those for SS. Additionally, the gene expression of N-metabolising enzymes such as <i>OsNR1</i>, <i>OsGS1.1</i> and <i>OsGOGAOT</i> and N transporter genes such as <i>OsNRT2.1</i> and <i>OsNRT2.3</i> were higher in ST than SS during the heading stage under salt stress, potentially enhancing N transport and utilisation. Moreover, a significant and positive correlation was found between total N accumulation at maturity and yield under salt stress. Overall, the findings not only provide significant theoretical support for the breeding and improvement of salt-tolerant rice varieties but also offer scientific guidance for optimising nitrogen management strategies in saline conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MALDI-ToF/ToF-MS Detection of Differential Protein Expression and Metabolomic Profiles in Jatropha curcas Under Salinity: Advancing the Understanding of Salt Stress Mechanisms","authors":"Marcelo F. Pompelli,&nbsp;Mahmoud F. Seleiman,&nbsp;Prithwiraj Dey,&nbsp;Isidro Elias Suarez-Padrón,&nbsp;Luis Eliécer Oviedo Zumaqué,&nbsp;Alfredo Jarma-Orozco,&nbsp;Juan Jaraba-Navas,&nbsp;Yirlis Yadeth Pineda-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Luis Alfonso Rodríguez-Páez,&nbsp;Éderson Akio Kido","doi":"10.1111/jac.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Salinity stress is a significant environmental factor limiting the productivity of <i>Jatropha curcas</i>, a biofuel crop of economic importance. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind salinity tolerance in <i>J. curcas</i> is crucial for improving its resilience. This study aimed to analyse the differential proteomic profiles of two <i>J. curcas</i> genotypes under salt stress to identify candidate proteins that could serve as molecular targets for salinity response. The treatments comprised two genotypes of <i>J. curcas</i> (CNPAE183—tolerant, CNPAE218—sensitive) and two NaCl concentrations (0- and 150-mM L⁻¹). After protein extraction, purification, and quantification, we detected 114 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs). Of these DAPs, 42 (65%) and 23 (35%) were identified as either exclusive or overexpressed in CNPAE183, while 36 (72%) and 14 (28%) were exclusive to or overexpressed in CNPAE218 when compared to the two genotypes under the same 150 mM L⁻¹ NaCl exposure. Protein ontology analysis revealed that CNPAE183 exhibited higher expression of proteins related to photosynthesis and branched-chain amino acids, whereas CNPAE218 showed upregulation of proteins involved in cellular respiration and stress response. A heatmap generated through principal component analysis further distinguished the proteomic responses of the two genotypes under salt stress. These findings highlight the molecular basis of salt tolerance in <i>J. curcas</i>, offering potential applications in breeding programs to enhance crop resilience. The identification of key proteins may also contribute to environmental sustainability by improving salt tolerance in biofuel crops under saline conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Impact of Vernalisation on Seed Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Through Simulated Shorter Winters","authors":"İrem Çağlı,&nbsp;Büşra Elif Kıvrak,&nbsp;Osman Altunbaş,&nbsp;Çağla Sönmez","doi":"10.1111/jac.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change is leading to warmer winters world-wide with an increasing number of extreme events every year. Studies show that winter varieties of rapeseed are particularly impacted negatively by global warming. This study investigates the molecular, physiological, and biochemical effects of diverse vernalisation scenarios (i.e., the vernalisation models) on rapeseed plants and seeds. The winter and spring varieties of rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) were subjected to short durations of vernalisation (3 and 4 weeks) as well as to 6- and 8-week long vernalisation interrupted by 1-week devernalisation intervals at warm temperatures. Our results reveal a notable difference in vernalisation responsiveness in major floral regulator <i>FLC</i> orthologues between the late-flowering winter variety, Darmor, the early-flowering winter variety, Bristol, and the spring variety, Helios, after 3 weeks of vernalisation. Within the three <i>FLC</i> genes (<i>BnaFLCA02</i>, <i>BnaFLCA10</i>, and <i>BnaFLCC02</i>) analysed in this study, <i>BnaFLCA10</i> emerged as the most responsive to vernalisation in all three varieties. The vernalisation duration significantly influenced seed oil content and fatty acid composition in both Bristol and Helios varieties. In Bristol, the 2 + 6w vernalisation model in which vernalisation was interrupted for 1 week after 2 weeks of vernalisation and continued for another 4 weeks consistently resulted in the highest oil content and oleic acid percentage. The interrupted vernalisation (2 + 4w and 2 + 6w) also led to increased monounsaturated fatty acids across all 3 years. In Helios, non-vernalised plants produced seeds with the lowest oil content, and vernalisation duration positively correlated with both seed oil content and oleic acid percentage. Our findings unveil a robust correlation between vernalisation and seed oil content, as well as fatty acid composition in rapeseed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}