Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Long-Term Saline Water Irrigation on Cotton Emergence and Seedling Growth","authors":"Yunchao Xie,&nbsp;Hongkai Dang,&nbsp;Yudong Zheng,&nbsp;Dan Liu,&nbsp;Chunlian Zheng,&nbsp;Kejiang Li,&nbsp;Zaffar Malik,&nbsp;Anqi Zhang,&nbsp;Junpeng Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70149","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70149","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The scarcity of good-quality irrigation water has driven farmers to use saline water for crop production, which can adversely affect soil fertility and plant growth. Therefore, a long-term (2006–2025) field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of saline water application by different irrigation methods on cotton seedling emergence and growth, and to promote safe saline water use. The field experiment employed two irrigation methods, namely border irrigation (B) and furrow irrigation with channels (F), with each irrigation method paired with six salt concentration levels (1.3, 3.4, 7.1, 10.6, 14.1, 17.7 dS·m⁻¹; 1.3 dS·m⁻¹ was the freshwater control). Observations showed that compared with furrow irrigation, the soil moisture contents and salinity levels under border irrigation increased by 0.9%–4.1% and 0.1%–27.7%, respectively. Additionally, soil moisture content and salinity rose as irrigation water salinity increased in both irrigation methods. Topsoil (0–20 cm) moisture content and salinity exhibited significant interannual fluctuations, with no steady salinity accumulation due to precipitation and associated climatic conditions. The seedling establishment rate declined with increasing water salinity under both methods; border irrigation was superior at water salinity ≤ 8.3 dS·m⁻¹, while furrow irrigation performed better above this threshold. Stability and sustainability of the establishment rate decreased markedly at water salinity ≥ 10.6 dS·m⁻¹. The relative establishment rate over the years (referenced to the freshwater treatments with an electrical conductivity of 1.3 dS·m⁻¹) exhibited a significant quadratic relationship with irrigation water salinity. When the seedling establishment rate began to decline and reached a 10% reduction, the corresponding irrigation water salinity thresholds for border irrigation were 2.2 dS·m⁻¹ and 10.0 dS·m⁻¹, and for furrow irrigation were 1.9 dS·m⁻¹ and 10.4 dS·m⁻¹, respectively. High salinity significantly delayed cotton emergence and reduced seedling growth parameters (plant height, leaf area, and dry matter weight). Seedling growth was better under border irrigation than under furrow irrigation at irrigation water salinity ≤ 10.6 dS·m⁻¹. This study provides a scientific basis and practical reference for cotton cultivation using local saline water resources.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive Effects of Drought and Heat on Morphophysiological Components and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in India","authors":"Rachana Dubey,&nbsp;Santosh Kumar,&nbsp;Anurag Ajay,&nbsp;Ved Prakash,&nbsp;Anup Das,&nbsp;Sanjeev Kumar,&nbsp;Govindaraj Kamalam Dinesh,&nbsp;A. K. Dubey,&nbsp;S. K. Dwivedi","doi":"10.1111/jac.70148","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of climate change, as evidenced by increasingly higher temperatures and decreasing precipitation, presents a substantial threat to wheat crops globally. In the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP), which is the breadbasket of India, it is evolving as the biggest threat to food security and livelihoods for the farming fraternity. A 3-year field study evaluated the effects of drought and heat stress on wheat yield and how these effects interact with morphophysiological traits. This study deployed staggered sowing and controlled irrigation to simulate droughts synchronising with vegetative and reproductive stages of the crop across 13 wheat cultivars selected based on their prevalence among farmers. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation matrices were used to reduce data dimensionality for shortlisting independent morphophysiological variables before measuring average treatment effects. Findings highlighted a decline in levels of relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and carotenoid under stress treatments. A sharp reduction of almost 50% in grain yield was observed when the crop encountered drought and heat stress simultaneously. Another finding revealed that RWC, chlorophyll content and proline accumulation were strongly associated with resilience to these stresses. The study identified two wheat cultivars (HD 2967 and HI 1531) that demonstrated superiority in coping with stress conditions consistently under both timely and late sowing conditions. These findings are insightful for wheat breeders, highlighting potential plant traits for climate-resilient breeding programmes. The study also generated important evidence that can potentially inform policy makers around sowing time, irrigation scheduling and seed systems of wheat in eastern India and similar agroecological regions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate Analysis of Heat Stress Indices to Assess Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Germplasm Under Timely and Late Sown Conditions","authors":"Vishnu Kumar,&nbsp;Vikram Singh,&nbsp;Suresh S. Dodake,&nbsp;Nilesh Magar,&nbsp;K. J. Yashavanthakumar,&nbsp;Arun Gupta,&nbsp;Bhudeva Singh Tyagi,&nbsp;Sindhu Sareen,&nbsp;Vikas Gupta,&nbsp;Gyanendra Singh,&nbsp;Suresh Kumar,&nbsp;Gyanendra Pratap Singh","doi":"10.1111/jac.70150","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Heat stress severely impairs wheat yields and poses significant challenges to food security. In the present investigation, 72 diverse bread wheat genotypes were evaluated in the completely randomised block design with two replicates at four locations under normal and heat stress conditions during <i>Rabi</i>, 2022–23. The mean maximum temperature was above congenial (&gt; 25°C) at 27.9°C, 28.8°C, 33.4°C and 33.3°C at Karnal, Hisar, Niphad and Pune locations, which imposed adverse effects at the heading and grain filling stages. Under heat stress, the pooled mean grain yield varied from 294.8 g (DHTW60) to 660.2 g/plot (RWP2017-21). The genotype DBW173 showed an 8.07% yield reduction under heat stress, followed by DBW187 (9.51%), PBW826 (10.25%), 29^th SAWYT-303 (10.36%), Raj3765 (11.41%), and RWP2017-21 (11.54%). The 1000 grain weight (TKW) reduction was also low for these genotypes, except for 29^th SAWYT-303 (19.80%). Here, the yield stability index (YSI) and heat susceptibility index (HSI) ranged from 0.56 to 1.02 and −0.09 to 1.95, respectively. In contrast, the relative heat index (RHI) and percent yield reduction (PYR) varied from 0.73 to 1.31 and −1.99 to 43.63, respectively. The low HSI values (&lt; 0.60) were recorded for NIAW1342, HI1605, DBW173, DBW187, PBW826, 29^th SAWYT-303, 20^th HTWYT-2, Raj3765, RWP2017-21, K7903 and K9465. PCA clustered 13 heat stress indices into three clusters, where TOL, HSPI, HSI and PYR were grouped into a single segment. The genotypes DBW173, DBW187, HI1531, HI1605, NIAW1342, PBW826, Raj3765, RWP2017-21, 20^th HTWYT-2, 20^th HTWYT-13, 20^th HTWYT-41, 29^th SAWYT-303 and WAP96 appeared as heat tolerant. The higher TKW, grains/spike, coupled with higher NDVI values, can be used as selection criteria under heat stress breeding. The indices HSI, PYR, HRI, YI and YSI can be employed effectively in future studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145752818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L) due to Stunted Tassel and Limited Sugar Transport Under Drought and Heat During Flowering","authors":"Rongfa Li,&nbsp;Kangna Yang,&nbsp;Zhibo Feng,&nbsp;Manman Jia,&nbsp;Hangzhao Guo,&nbsp;Yuepeng Wei,&nbsp;Zhenhua Yan,&nbsp;Yuxia Li,&nbsp;Xucun Jia,&nbsp;Qun Wang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70147","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global seasonal heat and drought have become the main limiting factors affecting maize growth and grain yield. Huanong138 (HN138) and Zhengdan958 (ZD958) were used as the experimental material. The greenhouse experiment was conducted to uncover tassels and ear morphological development and grain fertility rate of maize under three stressors (heat (H), drought (D), and heat + drought (H + D)) at tasselling for 14 days. On average of the two hybrids, grain yield decreased by 17.3%, 31.2% and 45.4% in H, D and H + D, respectively, compared with CK. The grain fertility rate of stress treatments significantly reduced by 11.6%–28.7% under natural pollination (H♀ × H♂, D♀ × D♂), and reduced by 6.7%–24.7% under the condition of positive pollination (CK♂ × H or/and D♀), while reduced by 24.2%–48.9% under the condition of reverse pollination (CK♀ × H or/and D♂) than control, respectively. Moreover, pollen quantity, total spikelet number and density of tassels, silk viability significantly decreased, while anthesis silking interval was prolonged by 0.5–3.4 days in two genotypes under individual and combined stress than control. Individual and combined stress treatments suppressed grain sucrose metabolism via coordinated downregulation of sucrose synthase (SS) by 16.1%–59.2% and sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) activities by 2.6%–44.9% in developing grains, concomitantly triggering sucrose translocation to leaves and stalk, suggesting source-sink redistribution under stress constraints. Notably, the reduction of grain yield mainly resulted from stunted pollen development and limited sugar transport. These provided a strategy for future selected hybrids with the shorter ASI, higher pollen viability and quantity adapting well to climate change.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145752816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Lodging Risk Offsets Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Yield From Postponed Nitrogen With Higher Panicle Fertilisation in Southern China","authors":"Lin Guo,&nbsp;Rujie Lv,&nbsp;Yunhan Zhang,&nbsp;Yuan Fang,&nbsp;Simin Yi,&nbsp;Xiaohua Pan,&nbsp;Yongjun Zeng,&nbsp;Qingyin Shang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70146","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cultivation strategy of ‘postponed nitrogen with increased panicle fertilization (PNIPF)’ boosts rice yield but the balance between lodging remains unclear. We evaluated three panicle nitrogen ratios (0%, 20% and 40% of total 165 kg N ha⁻¹) in two late <i>indica</i> rice varieties (<i>Meixiangzhan 2</i> and <i>Taiyou 871</i>) to assess this trade-off. Results demonstrated that: (1) Compared to R₀, PNIPF to 20% showed no difference on yield, while R₄ raised grain yield by 4.84% and 8.69% but increased lodging index by 30.5% and 35.8% in TY871 and MXZ2. (2) Relative to R₀, R₄ induced taller plants with elevated center of gravity, reduced culm diameter, diminished culm mechanical strength, and decreased structural carbohydrate content (cellulose −29.2%, lignin −23.8%). The effect of R₂ is weaker than R₄ on plant morphology. (3) Compared to R₀, R₄ manifested more profound anatomical deterioration than R₂. (4) Significant variety differences existed; PNIPF exhibited a more profound impact on MXZ2 than TY871 by inferior morphological, physiological and anatomical traits. We recommend limiting panicle nitrogen to below 20% to achieve synergistic improvement of yield and lodging resistance in high-quality late <i>indica</i> rice production.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought-Induced Memory Affects Photosynthetic Performance in Potato Cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.)","authors":"Waldemar Marczewski,&nbsp;Alicja Macko-Podgórni,&nbsp;Dominika Boguszewska-Mańkowska,&nbsp;Dorota Sołtys-Kalina,&nbsp;Paulina Smyda-Dajmund,&nbsp;Jarosław Plich,&nbsp;Dariusz Grzebelus","doi":"10.1111/jac.70145","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70145","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photosynthesis is the main determinant of crop yield. Drought is reported to be one of the major abiotic stresses that negatively affect photosynthetic capacity. This is the first report on the effect of drought-induced memory on the photosynthetic activity of potato. Two potato cultivars, Cayuga and Dalila, which were grown under non-stressed conditions, were studied. The plants were propagated from seed tubers that were produced by plants grown under non-restricted (non-primed tubers) and restricted (drought-primed tubers) water conditions. In Dalila plants, 14 JIP-test parameters were significantly altered in drought-primed plants, as compared to the control, of which PI_inst, PI_ABS and DF_ABS showed the highest values. In Cayuga plants, the observed changes in JIP-test parameters were not significant. In contrast, there was no significant variation in the photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll <i>a</i>, chlorophyll <i>b</i> and carotenoids) in drought-primed Dalila plants, whereas drought-primed Cayuga plants had significantly higher values for leaf pigment content compared to the control. In Dalila and Cayuga plants, cell cycle progression was not affected by drought-induced memory. Gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in drought-primed Dalila plants showed that photosynthesis-related pathways may be essential in response to drought-induced memory. The top three categories included ‘photosynthesis, light harvesting in photosystem I’, ‘response to light stimulus’ and ‘photosynthesis-antenna proteins’. In contrast, only a few DEGs were observed in the progeny of Cayuga-primed vs. Cayuga-non-primed plants. Potato tubers are strong sink organs. Our results suggest that the maintenance or fading of drought-induced memory involves processes related to photosystem activity, which may result in the observed variation in potato tuber productivity under non-stressed conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.70145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of Sweet Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield and Kernel Quality to High-Temperature Seasons in South China","authors":"Junhao Xiang,&nbsp;Xiaoyin Chen,&nbsp;Jingtong Lei,&nbsp;Fucheng Zhao,&nbsp;Hailiang Han,&nbsp;Xiaolong Wang,&nbsp;Shiyuan Deng,&nbsp;Jianjun Chen,&nbsp;Ping Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70144","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High temperatures impact sweet maize production; however, their specific effects on grain yield and kernel quality across different growing seasons remain unquantified. This study investigated high-temperature season effects, evaluated the yield and kernel quality responses in two sweet maize hybrids with different heat tolerance, and analysed the response mechanisms of dry matter accumulation (DMC), flowering, and grain filling in South China. Two contrasting sweet maize hybrids were planted annually in spring, summer, and autumn over a 2-year field experiment in Guangdong, South China. An evaluation of extreme degree days at different growth stages revealed that the sweet maize crops experienced high-temperature stress during their reproductive stages in the spring and summer growing seasons. In the high-temperature season, ‘HMT8’ showed heat sensitivity, with the grain yield significantly decreasing because of the lower kernel weight. The reduced grain-filling rates, especially in the early stages, contributed to lower kernel weight, which may be related to the decreased leaf area index (LAI) and post-anthesis DMC. Comparatively, ‘GLT27’ was heat-tolerant, with the grain yield slightly increasing because of the increased kernel number. However, it appeared cold-sensitive during the grain-filling stages in autumn. ‘GLT27’ exhibited stable or slightly increased pollen viability, LAI, post-anthesis DMC, and grain-filling rates. Furthermore, both hybrids showed reduced sucrose and elevated free amino acid content in the high-temperature seasons. Early grain-filling and post-anthesis DMC rather than reproductive organ viability may limit sweet maize during high-temperature seasons. Managing crops by selecting varieties and cultivation practices for different annual growing seasons is crucial.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of Wheat Genotypes for Drought Adaptation and Yield Response Using Tolerance Indices and Biplot Analysis","authors":"Theresa M. Bapela,&nbsp;Seltene A. Tesfamariam,&nbsp;Toi J. Tsilo,&nbsp;Hussein Shimelis","doi":"10.1111/jac.70139","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70139","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Drought-adapted new-generation wheat genotypes enhance production and productivity in water-limited agroecologies, including South Africa. Therefore, drought-tolerant wheat ideotypes need to be bred and deployed using economic traits and tolerance indices. The aim of this study was to evaluate genetically diverse wheat genotypes and select drought-adapted lines based on yield response, tolerance indices and genetic groups using biplot analyses for breeding and production. Ninety-eight wheat genotypes were assessed in five environments, that is, two seasons and three sites under drought-stressed (DS) and non-stressed (NS) growing conditions using an alpha lattice design with two replications. Grain yield (GY) was recorded, and yield-based 10 drought-tolerance indices were computed for genotype selection and comparison of test environments using the genotype plus genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot model. The mean GY values of the test genotypes in descending order across the five environments (E) were 1.59 t ha&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; (Bethlehem site in 2022, designated as BHM-E2), 1.57 t ha&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; (Kransfontein in 2021, KRANS-E4), 1.03 t ha&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; (Ficksburg in 2021, FICKS-E3), 0.63 t ha&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; (Bethlehemin 2021, BHM-E1) and 0.58 t ha&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; (Kransfontein in 2022, KRANS-E5). The following genotypes were the best yielders: LM29, LM9 and at BHM-E1, BHM-E2, FICKS-E3 and KRANS-E4; LM59, LM63, LM66 and LM67 at BHM-E2, FICKS-E3 and KRANS-E4; and LM83 at BHM-E1, BHM-E2 and FICKS-E3. The genotypes LM59, LM25, LM84, LM96, LM23 and LM39 exhibited low tolerance (TOL), susceptibility index (SSI) and high mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), drought index (DI), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI) and relative drought index (RDI) values in a desirable trend. Correlation analysis revealed a strong association (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) between mean GY in non-stressed conditions (&lt;i&gt;Y&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;) and drought tolerance indices such as TOL (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.87), MP (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.77), SSI (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.72), SDI (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.72), GMP (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.65) and STI (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.54). In contrast, the mean GY in stressed conditions (&lt;i&gt;Y&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;s&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;) positively and significantly (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) correlated with YI (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 1.00), DI (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.97), RDI (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.73), YSI (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.73), GMP (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.51) and MP (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.41). The indices were invaluable in identifying relatively high-yielding and drought-tolerant wheat genotypes, and their combined use could be effective for screening drought tolerance in wheat breeding programmes. Based on GGE biplot analysis, genotypes LM6, LM9, LM30, LM64, LM83 and LM95 were discerned to be stable and high-yielding in the test environments. Developing new breeding populations is recommended using the above complementary selections through combining ability tests and progeny selection for yield and agronomic traits performance for variet","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.70139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Reconfiguration of Signal Transduction and Energy Metabolism Pathways Under Prolonged Heat Stress During Flowering in Brassica napus","authors":"Sana Basharat,&nbsp;Wajid Saeed,&nbsp;Pingwu Liu,&nbsp;Muhammad Waseem","doi":"10.1111/jac.70143","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rapeseed is an essential source of edible oil, primarily cultivated in temperate regions worldwide. This crop exhibits a marked sensitivity to elevated temperatures, particularly during the stages preceding and following flowering. The ongoing challenges posed by global climate change and increasing temperatures significantly threaten its yield. It is essential to elucidate the dynamics of rapeseed's response to sustained heat stress (HS), especially during the flowering phase, to advance research on enhancing its heat tolerance. In the present study, we analysed transcriptomic modifications in rapeseed plants subjected to HS at 33°C, spanning from the pre-flowering stage to the commencement of blooming. Our findings revealed that rapeseed produced diminutive flowers with nonviable pollen and exhibited a decline in pistil receptivity. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 5588 and 5994 genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated that these DEGs were linked to hormone signal transduction pathways, energy metabolism (including starch and sucrose metabolism and glutathione metabolism), and plant-specific MAPK signalling pathways. Furthermore, genes encoding reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes and heat shock transcription factors were prominently expressed under HS conditions. This study provides foundational insights into the mechanisms underlying heat tolerance in rapeseed and holds significant implications for the genetic enhancement of heat-tolerant rapeseed varieties.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145658310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing the Potential of Foliar Spray of Nitrogen Sources and Growth Hormones in Alleviating the Waterlogging Stress in Maize","authors":"E. Senthamil,&nbsp;Hanamant M. Halli,&nbsp;S. S. Angadi,&nbsp;S. R. Salakinkop,&nbsp;Vinay M. Gangana Gowdra,&nbsp;Sandeep B. Adavi,&nbsp;P. S. Basavaraj,&nbsp;C. B. Harisha,&nbsp;K. M. Boraiah,&nbsp;K. Sammi Reddy","doi":"10.1111/jac.70141","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increasing waterlogging events due to intense rainfall pose a significant threat to global food security, risking the production of the third most important staple crop, maize by 25%–34%. Therefore, futuristic studies focusing on understanding the stage-wise response of maize to varying intensities of waterlogging, along with effective mitigation strategies, are essential. In this context, studies were conducted over 2 years (2022–23 and 2023–24), involving three factors: crop growth stages, different waterlogging durations, and mitigation strategies. Among the growth stages, waterlogging at 15 days after emergence (DAE) was found to be the most sensitive, resulting in poor root morphological features, impaired physiological activities, and the highest grain yield reduction (46.01%). In contrast, maize plants exhibited higher tolerance to waterlogging at 25 DAE. Similarly, increasing waterlogging duration from 3 to 15 days consistently reduced maize growth and grain yield. Regarding mitigation strategies, foliar application of urea (2%) improved stomatal conductance by 41.32%, net photosynthetic rate by 36.03%, and dry matter accumulation compared to water-sprayed plants. Consequently, it increased grain yield by 17.37%, enhancing stress tolerance and yield stability. Notably, urea spray (2%) on plants subjected to 3–5 days of waterlogging at 25 DAE effectively prevented the negative impacts of waterlogging on grain yield by promoting superior growth and yield-determining traits. Thus, this study demonstrates that foliar application of 2% urea is an effective and practical strategy to minimise waterlogging-induced yield losses by enhancing stress recovery and tolerance in maize.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145650952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}