Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Morphological and Physiological Changes Caused by Weak Light in Early Stage Bringing About Photosynthetic Performance Decreasing and Yield Loss in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)","authors":"Changwen Lyu,&nbsp;Ya Jiang,&nbsp;Chao Wu,&nbsp;Hong Huang,&nbsp;Huanhuan Qiao,&nbsp;Cheng Jiang,&nbsp;Jichun Wang,&nbsp;Daobin Tang,&nbsp;Kang Du,&nbsp;Kai Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the relay intercropping of maize and sweet potato, maize brought 40–70 days of shading stress on sweet potato; thus, sweet potato yield was reduced. Morphological and physiological impacts of weak light or shading stress on sweet potato in the early stage are not known. We hypothesised that shading stress would change morphogenesis and physiology of sweet potato in the early stage that leads to low yield. To test this hypothesis, we simulated the shading stress using weak light and applied the shade stress onto two sweet potato cultivars, Yushu-17 and Qianshu-8. Results showed that 45-day weak light caused abnormal growth of sweet potato seedlings. The weak light triggered a smaller diameter, longer internodes and extended length of the main vines on both cultivars. The fresh weight of stems and leaves was less than that under normal light. It was also found that weak light promoted the accumulation of proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA) that influence osmotic status of the vines. Weak light elevated the activities of both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Although weak light enhanced the content of chlorophyll, it inhibited the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and delayed root development. The yield loss was not reversed by resuming normal light after 60 days of weak light. We conclude that weak light in the early stage impedes normal morphogenesis by disturbing osmotic status and adversely impacting antioxidant and photosynthetic enzymes that led to abnormal growth of the main vines and roots, thus causing yield reduction. These findings may explain the negative impact of the shading stress by maize on the yield of sweet potato in the field.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights Into the Salt Tolerance of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik): Characterisation of Germplasm Resource to Accelerate Crop Improvement","authors":"Pooja Kanwar Shekhawat,&nbsp;Jakhar Mohan Lal,&nbsp;Punia Sumer Singh,&nbsp;Jogendra Singh,&nbsp;K T Ravikiran,&nbsp;Vijayata Singh","doi":"10.1111/jac.70056","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluating diversity panels for their ability to endure salt stress conditions is essential for the development of breeding lines. A set of 100 lentil genotypes was characterised for their salt tolerance during 2021–22 and 2022–23. Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI). The K⁺ content decreased while the Na⁺ content increased in plant tissues of all genotypes with higher salt levels. Notably, genotypes IC241532, IC241529, LL1813, EC223237B, KM4, IC78387, LL1804, KM1, LL1823, LL1641, IC78387 and EC223212A demonstrated superior performance due to an enhanced antioxidant system. It was evidenced by increased proline content, alongside increased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, aspartate peroxidase activity and higher total soluble sugar content. Interestingly, a positive correlation was observed between yield per plant (YPP) and seed K⁺, shoot K⁺, Pn, gsw, shoot fresh weight (SFW) and root fresh weight (RFW) highlighting the importance of these key traits in enhancing plant tolerance to salt stress. Principal component analysis of 26 indices indicated a considerable level of genotypic variability among genotypes as well as a significant correlation between YPP and SFW, RFW under control and Pn, MSI, gsw, SFW, root dry weight (RDW) and 100-seed weight under salt stress. This study provides valuable insights into diverse lentil genotypes' agro-physiological and antioxidant responses to salt stress.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of High Potential-Yielding of Naked Barley Genotypes Under Saline-Alkaline Soil Condition","authors":"Jakkrit Sreesaeng,&nbsp;Cheng-Wei Qiu,&nbsp;Shuo Zhang,&nbsp;Shou-Heng Shi,&nbsp;Qing-Qing Wang,&nbsp;Feibo Wu","doi":"10.1111/jac.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Salinity stress is becoming an increasingly severe global challenge, necessitating the identification of crop germplasm capable of thriving in saline-alkaline soil conditions to ensure high yields. Naked barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> var. <i>nudum</i>) emerges as a promising candidate due to its resilience to abiotic stresses, high nutritional value, and potential for sustainable production. In this study, a preliminary screening of 440 naked barley genotypes was conducted under saline soil conditions. Key indices, including yield and eleven yield-related components, were evaluated using multivariate analysis techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA), correlation coefficient analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis. The results demonstrated that spike weight, seed number per row, fully developed seeds per spike, seed weight per spike, thousand-seed weight, and seed width significantly influenced grain yield under saline-alkaline conditions, as indicated by correlation coefficients and PCA. Yield performance classification revealed that 11% of the genotypes were high-yielding, 29% were moderate-yielding, and 60% were low-yielding. Hierarchical cluster analysis further identified that the first cluster (C1), which includes a total of 150 genotypes, exhibited the highest mean values for most of the traits examined. Within this cluster, notable genotypes (X511, X185, X421, X188, X322, X184, X350, X323, X349, and X338) demonstrated yields ranging from 4.32 to 6.68 t/ha. These genotypes, grouped in sub-cluster C1.1.1, represent promising candidates for breeding programmes aimed at enhancing yield and salinity tolerance. This study provides an initial screening of yield potential and lays the foundation for future research into the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms underlying salinity tolerance and breeding.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Ellagic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide on Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Physiological Attributes Under Saline Stress: A Seed Priming Approach","authors":"Amina Ameer,&nbsp;Hummera Nawaz,&nbsp;Sohail Abbas,&nbsp;Sonaina Nazar,&nbsp;Ameer Khan,&nbsp;Qin Minghzou,&nbsp;Umm E. Laila,&nbsp;Asif Mukhtiar","doi":"10.1111/jac.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soil salinity severely impacts seed germination, growth and overall crop productivity worldwide. Ellagic acid (EA) and hydrogen peroxide (HP, H₂O₂) play vital roles in plant stress responses, particularly in mitigating the negative effects of salinity. EA, a polyphenolic compound with strong antioxidant properties, helps enhance plant resilience by neutralising reactive oxygen species (ROS), regulating stress-related genes and restoring osmotic balance. HP, although often seen as a harmful ROS, acts as a signalling molecule at low concentrations, promoting stress tolerance by activating antioxidant defences, maintaining ion homeostasis and regulating stomatal function. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of EA and H₂O₂ on wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) under saline stress. Two cultivars, salt-tolerant Punjab-85 and salt-sensitive MH-97, were soaked in various concentrations of EA (0, 60 and 120 ppm) and H₂O₂ (0, 55 and 110 ppm) for 6 h. After planting in pots, a saline solution of 150 mM NaCl was applied 2 weeks post germination to induce salt stress. Results showed that H₂O₂ positively affected ash concentration in both cultivars, with lower (55 ppm) and higher (110 ppm) concentrations being most effective for the respective cultivars. The study also found that leaf area, ear length, ear weight, dry weight and productivity were correlated with total chlorophyll content, which was negatively associated with Chl-a, lipids, Na⁺ and Mg²⁺. Combined priming with EA and H₂O₂ had a stronger protective effect than individual treatments, helping alleviate salt stress and promote wheat growth.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass Accumulation and C N Partitioning in Soybean Plants in Response to Drought Stress and Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentration","authors":"Bingjing Cui,&nbsp;Wang Lv,&nbsp;Yiting Chen,&nbsp;Jingxiang Hou,&nbsp;Heng Wan,&nbsp;Jingru Song,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenhua Wei,&nbsp;Fulai Liu","doi":"10.1111/jac.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elevated carbon dioxide (<i>e</i>[CO₂]) promotes plant photosynthetic activity and growth, which mitigates the adverse effects of drought. The ability of soybean to fix nitrogen (N) from the air may sustain plant N nutrition under <i>e</i>[CO₂], and thus may influence carbohydrate metabolism. This study systematically analysed the interaction mechanism between elevated CO₂ concentration and drought stress on the regulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in soybean. In this study, the effects of <i>e</i>[CO₂] and aridity on the activity of carbohydrate-metabolising enzymes, carbon (C) and N partitioning in soybean plants were investigated. The findings indicated that <i>e</i>[CO₂] enhanced leaf biomass by 66% (Drought stress/DS) and 31.6% (Well-watered/WW) in comparison to plants raised under ambient CO₂, but decreased stem biomass by 28.6% (DS) and 35.5% (WW), with no effect on root biomass. <i>e</i>[CO₂] stimulated dry matter (18%DS, 16% WW) and C (17% DS, 16% WW) partitioning into leaf, whereas drought decreased it. Phosphofructokinase and sucrose synthase activity in leaves were increased in response to <i>e</i>[CO₂], especially for the drought-stressed plants. <i>e</i>[CO₂] depressed the leaf cytoplasmic invertase and cell wall invertase activities, while drought stress reversed such effects. In addition, <i>e</i>[CO₂] reduced leaf and stem N concentration, especially in well-watered plants, but elevated root N concentration under drought. Drought had little effect on N partitioning, while <i>e</i>[CO₂] increased the N partitioning to leaf (17% DS, 15% WW) and root (3% DS, 2% WW). The PCA plot further indicated there is a link between some of the C-catalysing enzyme activity and dry matter partitioning in soybean plants subjected to <i>e</i>[CO₂] and aridity treatment. These findings suggest that the alleviation of drought in soybean plants under <i>e</i>[CO₂] is mainly achieved by promoting root nitrogen nutrition distribution and leaf carbohydrate synthesis pathways. These observations provide a greater understanding of the adaptation to future elevated CO₂ and drought environments in soybean plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.70067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Low Temperature and Weak Light Combined Stress During Panicle Differentiation on Grain Yield and Physiological Property in Rice","authors":"Yajie Hu,&nbsp;Fan Li,&nbsp;Enwei Yu,&nbsp;Liang Sun,&nbsp;Jinghao Guo,&nbsp;Zhipeng Xing,&nbsp;Baowei Guo,&nbsp;Haiyan Wei,&nbsp;Zhongyang Huo,&nbsp;Ke Xu,&nbsp;Hongcheng Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate change threatens rice production by increasing the frequency of adverse weather conditions, such as continuous rainy and overcast days, which lead to combined low temperature and weak light stress (LTWL) during the rice growing stage. To investigate the impact of LTWL stress on rice grain yield and its physiological mechanisms, we conducted a 2-year study focusing on the panicle differentiation stage. Two rice cultivars were examined: conventional japonica rice and indica-japonica hybrid rice. The experimental treatments consisted of varying durations of LTWL exposure during panicle differentiation, namely T1 (0–7 days), T2 (0–14 days), T3 (0–21 days), T4 (8–14 days), and T5 (15–21 days) in 2021 and 2023, with the addition of T6 (22–28 days) in 2023. In addition, the normal temperature and sunlight treatment were conducted as the control (CK). The results revealed that, compared to the CK treatment, LTWL during panicle differentiation reduced rice grain yield by 6.25%–26.84% for NG9108 and by 3.05%–20.51% for YY2640. This yield reduction was primarily attributed to a decrease in the number of grains per panicle, with NG9108 experiencing a range of 4.60%–22.62% and YY2640 showing a range of 1.76%–20.14%, which resulted from reduced spikelet differentiation and increased spikelet degeneration. Among the 7-day LTWL treatments, the T5 treatment caused the most significant yield loss. Furthermore, as the duration of the LTWL stress increased, the decline in grain yield became more substantial. For the two types of cultivars, conventional japonica rice was more sensitive to LTWL treatments compared to the indica-japonica hybrid rice. Physiological analysis indicated that LTWL treatments enhanced internode elongation and increased leaf SPAD values. Additionally, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was elevated, suggesting a stress response to mitigate oxidative damage. However, LTWL stress also reduced leaf photosynthetic rates and root activity, which collectively contributed to the observed decline in grain yield during panicle differentiation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling Cotton Growth Dynamics, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency in Xinjiang Agricultural Systems","authors":"Kai Wei,&nbsp;Shudong Lin,&nbsp;Quanjiu Wang,&nbsp;Mingjiang Deng","doi":"10.1111/jac.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) yield (<i>Y</i>) generally depends on the plant height (<i>H</i>), leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation (<i>D</i>), and water consumption (<i>W</i>) of the entire growing period. Growing degree days (GDD) is an important meteorological factor affecting these growth indicators. This paper establishes a relative logistic growth model of <i>H</i>, LAI and <i>D</i> based on relative growing degree days (<i>R</i>_GDD) and analyses the spatial variability characteristics of the model parameters. The influence degree of model parameters on <i>Y</i>, <i>W</i> and harvest index (HI) are determined using the grey relational analysis. A series of cotton mathematical models are then proposed based on maximum LAI (LAI_max) and <i>W</i>. The results reveal that the growth rates of cotton <i>H</i>, LAI and <i>D</i> were maximised when the <i>R</i>_GDD is 0.43, 0.56 and 0.67, respectively. The coefficient of variation of the model parameter ranges from 0.1 to 1.0, indicating medium variability. The cotton HI and <i>Y</i> reach maximum values of 0.343 and 7236.464 kg/ha for LAI_max values of 5.046 and 5.949 cm²/cm², respectively. The corresponding required water consumption (<i>W</i>) is determined as 489.606 mm and 497.978 mm, while the water use efficiency (WUE) is 14.686 kg/(ha·mm) and 14.532 kg/(ha·mm), respectively. Furthermore, the cotton LAI_max and <i>W</i> range from 2.719 to 7.225 cm²/cm² and 455.957 to 642.688 mm, respectively. This study provides a scientific foundation for enhancing <i>Y</i> and WUE in the agricultural regions of Xinjiang. Furthermore, the proposed methods enable the prediction of <i>Y</i> and WUE with improved accuracy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield and Water Use Efficiency Were Enhanced Under Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation in Rice Through Improving Leaf Morphology and Physiology","authors":"Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Qinghao Meng,&nbsp;Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Xinping Lv,&nbsp;Yan Ru,&nbsp;Xiaotong Fa,&nbsp;Wenjiang Jing,&nbsp;Jianhua Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Leaf morphology and physiology play a crucial and indispensable role in crop growth and development. Alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD) is widely applied in the rice irrigation system. However, there are few studies on the response mechanism of leaf characteristics to AWD. In this study, two <i>indica</i> rice cultivars, Yangdao 6 and Yangliangyou 6, were selected, and two irrigation methods, AWD and conventional irrigation (CI), were set up to analyse the response mechanism of leaf morphology and physiology to yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under AWD. The results showed that yield and WUE were significantly increased under AWD. In terms of yield, AWD increased the effective and high-effective leaf area index (LAI) and specific leaf nitrogen content at the heading stage, improved the photosynthetic rate and promoted the accumulation and transport of photosynthetic assimilates after flowering. In terms of water use efficiency, AWD inhibited ineffective tillering, regulated stomatal characteristics and increased antioxidant enzyme activity and cytokinin levels. Correlation analysis showed that the percentage of productive tillers, NSC translocation amount and remobilisation, LAI, dry matter accumulation, grain–leaf ratio, leaf morphology (leaf length, leaf width) and leaf physiology (activity of antioxidant enzyme, Z + ZR contents, leaf net photosynthesis rate and specific leaf nitrogen contents) were positively correlated to grain yield and WUE. The results indicate that the improved leaf morphology and physiology of rice under AWD contributed to realise the goal of high grain yield and efficient water use.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of Biofortified Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Genotypes in Response to Drought Stress","authors":"Antonio Nunes de Andrade,&nbsp;Juliane Maciel Henschel,&nbsp;Damiana Justino Araújo,&nbsp;Daniel da Silva Gomes,&nbsp;Tatiana Dantas da Silva,&nbsp;Vanessa de Azevedo Soares,&nbsp;Estephanni Fernanda Oliveira Dantas,&nbsp;Adriano Salviano Lopes,&nbsp;André Dutra Silva Júnior,&nbsp;André Ricardo Zeist,&nbsp;Diego Silva Batista","doi":"10.1111/jac.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of orange- and purple-fleshed sweet potato genotypes with high nutritional quality and drought tolerance is paramount in the face of climate changes and exponential human population growth. Therefore, the objective was to select biofortified sweet potato genotypes tolerant to drought. Eight progenies developed by the NEOSC-UFSC group and one commercial genotype were grown in field and greenhouse conditions with drought periods. In the field trial, the plants were grown with very low rainfall from the 4th to the 13th and from 17th to the 18th weeks after planting (WAP). In the greenhouse trial, irrigation was suspended from the 4th to the 7th and 11th to 14th WAP (drought) or maintained throughout the experiment (control). The production of tuberous roots was evaluated in both trials, while biomass, gas exchanges, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll index, electrolyte leakage, relative water content, wilting tolerance and post-harvest attributes were determined in the greenhouse trial. The contents of phenolics and flavonoids did not differ among genotypes, which showed small colour variation in response to drought. Water deficit increased electrolyte leakage and reduced yield in all genotypes, which had different responses to drought, modulating gas exchanges, biomass partitioning, energy allocation and defences. The white-fleshed FW-42 and LW-102 and the purple-fleshed LP-115 and LP-75 were the most productive and the most tolerant to drought stress genotypes. These genotypes also showed higher yield than the global average and the commercial Brazlândia branca, pointing to their great potential to be used under well-water and drought conditions, providing higher nutritional quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.70071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dry Cultivation of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Enhances Drought Resistance by Modulating Root System Architecture, Antioxidant Potential and Sugar Metabolism","authors":"Xintong Ma,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Liangdong Li,&nbsp;Kuo Yu,&nbsp;Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Fengqing Yan,&nbsp;Xiaoshuang Wei,&nbsp;Ping Tian,&nbsp;Meiying Yang,&nbsp;Zhihai Wu","doi":"10.1111/jac.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rice is one of the world's major staple crops. Against the balance of population growth and water scarcity, improving drought resistance and yield of rice is essential for food security. However, the understanding remains limited regarding photosynthesis, antioxidant mechanisms and carbohydrate partitioning in the leaves and roots of rice under drought conditions. Based on our previous findings, this study compared the drought-resistant variety (Changjing616, CJ) and the drought-sensitive variety (Lianyu1013, LY) under flooding and dry cultivations. Our results revealed that CJ maintained comparable yields to those under flooding cultivation, whereas LY experienced a significant decline in yield. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CJ sustained a higher photosynthetic rate and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes under dry cultivation. In terms of root morphology, CJ showed significant improvement in key growth parameters under dry cultivation, while LY demonstrated a significant decline in these characteristics. The sugar contents and the activities of related enzymes in both the leaves and roots of CJ were notably enhanced by dry cultivation. Notably, the correlations between root systems and sugar metabolism varied between the two cultivation methods. In addition, the study identified that the increased R/S ratio, resulting from alterations in sugar metabolism under dry cultivation, significantly contributed to the drought resistance of rice. Collectively, these findings elucidate the pivotal role of sugar metabolism in enhancing the drought tolerance of rice under dry cultivation practices.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}