Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Selection of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes Using Yield Components, Water Use Efficiency and Major Metabolites Under Drought Stress","authors":"Maltase Mutanda,&nbsp;Sandiswa Figlan,&nbsp;Vincent Chaplot,&nbsp;Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala,&nbsp;Hussein Shimelis","doi":"10.1111/jac.12766","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.12766","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Integrating grain yield, component traits and metabolite profiles aids in selecting drought-adapted and climate-smart crop varieties preferred by end users. Understanding the trends and magnitude of grain-based metabolites is vital for selecting wheat genotypes with higher grain yield, drought tolerance, water use efficiency and product profiles. The aim of this study was to determine the response of newly developed wheat genotypes for grain yield and component traits and metabolites under drought stress to guide selection. One hundred wheat genotypes were preliminarily evaluated for agro-morphological traits and water use efficiency under drought-stressed and non-stressed conditions during the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons using a 5 × 20 alpha lattice design with two replications. Ten high-yielding genotypes were selected based on grain yield and were validated for agronomic traits and water use efficiency (WUE), and grain samples were assayed to profile their key metabolites under drought-stressed conditions. Significant differences existed (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) among the tested wheat genotypes for yield and yield components, WUE, drought tolerance and major metabolites to discern trait associations. The grain yield of the 10 genotypes ranged from 590.00 g m⁻² (genotype LM70 × BW140) to 800.00 g m⁻² (BW141 × LM71) under drought-stressed treatment, whilst under non-stressed it ranged from 760.06 g m ⁻² (LM70 × BW140) to 908.33 g m⁻² (LM71 × BW162). Grain yield-based water use efficiency of the assessed genotypes was higher under non-stressed (0.18 g mm⁻¹) than drought-stressed (0.17 g mm⁻¹) conditions. The highest drought tolerance index (211.67) and stress susceptibility index (0.77) were recorded for BW162 × LM71, whilst the lowest tolerance index (23.33) and stress susceptibility index (0.09) were recorded in BW141 × LM71. Grain metabolites, including the apigenin-8-C-glucoside (log2Fold = 3.00) and malate (log2Fold = 3.60) were present in higher proportions in the high-yielding genotypes (BW141 × LM71 and LM71 × BW162) under drought-stressed conditions, whilst fructose (log2Fold = −0.50) and cellulose (log2Fold = −3.90) showed marked decline in the two genotypes. Based on phenotypic and metabolite profile analyses, genotypes BW141 × LM71 and LM71 × BW162 were selected for being drought-tolerant, water-use efficient and recommended for production or breeding. The findings revealed associations between yield components, water use efficiency and grain metabolites to guide the selection of best-performing and drought-tolerant wheat varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"210 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.12766","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the Numerical Components Affecting Soybean (Glycine max) Yield Under Waterlogging at Reproductive Stages","authors":"Rocio Antonella Ploschuk,&nbsp;Daniel Julio Miralles,&nbsp;Monika Kavanová,&nbsp;Gustavo Gabriel Striker","doi":"10.1111/jac.12764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12764","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Waterlogging is a critical abiotic stress increasing in importance due to more intense, erratic rainfall associated with climate change. Waterlogging leads to significant yield losses in sensitive crops, such as soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> [L.] Merr.). Identifying soybean genotypes and traits associated with better waterlogging tolerance is of high interest. We assessed the response of six soybean genotypes, selected from a field screening of over 190 genotypes, to 10 days of waterlogging at the R1 (onset of flowering) and R4 (grain filling) stages. We evaluated yield and its components, as well as shoot and root dry weights (DW) at the end of the waterlogging treatments and at maturity, along with morphological traits such as plant branch number, stem diameter and plant height. By integrating all these traits, a waterlogging tolerance index (WTI) was calculated for each genotype to rank their sensitivity. The WTI showed variations among genotypes from 0.61 to 0.77, indicating genotypic variation in response to waterlogging. Greater reductions in root DW compared to shoot DW were observed immediately after waterlogging. By maturity, shoot DW of waterlogged plants was more severely reduced than root DW in all genotypes. Despite similar DW losses at R1 and R4 at physiological maturity, seed number per plant and 100-seed weight responses differed between the treatments. Genotypes that performed well under control conditions suffered significant yield reductions of 70%–85% after waterlogging, mainly due to fewer fertile nodes and seeds per pod, with some also experiencing a notable decrease in 100-seed weight. In contrast, other genotypes had milder responses, with less severe reductions in seed and pod traits. Identifying breeding soybean genotypes tolerant to waterlogging during reproductive stages that maintain the number of fertile nodes and pods per node without changes in seeds per pod could significantly mitigate yield losses from waterlogging.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"210 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Periods for Waterlogging Effects on Yield and Grain Components in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Soybean (Glycine max) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor): A Comparative Study","authors":"Miqueas N. Sandoval,&nbsp;Alfredo G. Cirilo,&nbsp;Marcelo J. Paytas,&nbsp;Sebastián G. Zuil,&nbsp;Natalia G. Izquierdo","doi":"10.1111/jac.12765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12765","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Waterlogging affects a high proportion of cultivated land worldwide. Sunflower, soybean and sorghum growth and yield can be affected differently depending on the moment and duration of waterlogging stress. If stress conditions occur during the critical period for yield potential definition (flowering in, sunflower and sorghum and end of pod formation in soybean) they directly reduce grain number, but if the stress occurs during the grain-filling period, grain weight would be affected. The aim of this study focuses on determining the effects of the moment and duration of waterlogging stress on the yield and its components in sunflower, soybean and sorghum. This information will be useful to understand the effects of waterlogging on yield and to choose a suitable crop or sowing date based on predicted weather conditions for a certain place. To achieve this objective, four experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of INTA (Reconquista, Santa Fe, Argentina). The effect of the waterlogging in terms of moment (vegetative, critical and grain-filling periods) and duration (3, 7 and 10 days) on the three crops was evaluated. Sunflower expressed the most negative impact of waterlogging during the vegetative stages (26, 78 and 98% of yield losses with 3, 7 and 10 days, respectively) while soybean suffered major reductions when the stress occurred during the critical period (5%–17% of yield loses). Sorghum did not express any negative responses for the moments and durations tested. This study suggests that the critical period for a waterlogging event differs, according to crops, from the critical period cited for other stresses. Moreover, the magnitude of the damage will mainly depend on the duration of the event. Further studies are needed to elucidate different physiological responses of the species during waterlogging stress.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"210 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Environment Analysis of Nutritional and Grain Quality Traits in Relation to Grain Yield Under Drought and Terminal Heat Stress in Bread Wheat and Durum Wheat","authors":"Yashavanthakumar Kakanur Jagadeesha,&nbsp;Sudhir Navathe,&nbsp;Gopalareddy Krishnappa,&nbsp;Divya Ambati,&nbsp;Vijendra Baviskar,&nbsp;Suma Biradar,&nbsp;Nilesh Magar,&nbsp;Chandra Nath Mishra,&nbsp;Harohalli Masthigowda Mamrutha,&nbsp;Velu Govindan,&nbsp;Gyanendra Pratap Singh,&nbsp;Gyanendra Singh","doi":"10.1111/jac.12763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12763","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Heat and drought are two important constraints to global wheat productivity; understanding the genotypic responses for quality parameters under harsh production conditions (drought and heat) is very important for developing nutrient-dense wheat varieties. A set of 15 modern bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. subsp. <i>aestivum</i>) and durum wheat (<i>Triticum turgidum</i> subsp. <i>durum</i>) cultivars were tested in nine environments, including three different production conditions (normal, heat and drought) during 2020–21. Genotype stability performance for yield, nutrition and quality parameters is assessed using multienvironment trials through AMMI and GGE Biplot analysis. We discovered intriguing stress dynamics in grain zinc content (Zn) and grain iron content (Fe). Under heat stress, zinc concentration increases but decreases under drought stress, while iron does the opposite. Selecting zinc, starch and kernel weight under terminal heat stress can boost yield. Protein content and yield are inversely related, making it difficult for breeders to optimise both traits. G × E interactions and stability indices across all environments have found genotypes with high-yielding stable genotypes, G12 (MP1358) (42.09 ppm) and G5 (HI1544) (42.41 ppm) have high Fe content. G12 (MP1358) (14.98%) ranked highest in protein concentration. Meanwhile, for Zn content, G11 (MACS 4058) (45.23 ppm) and G15 (WH730) (42.44 ppm) were top performers across environments. G7 (HI 1636) and G12 (MP1358) stand out as a win-win genotype for their high potential and stability in yield, protein, Zn and Fe content. Our study shows the complex relationships and possible suggestions for targeted breeding programmes under heat and drought stress conditions to improve wheat grain quality and micronutrient profiles without yield loss.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"210 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Effects of Irrigation Schedules on Evapotranspiration Partitioning and Crop Water Productivity of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in North China Plain Using RZWQM2","authors":"Mingliang Gao,&nbsp;Fuying Liu,&nbsp;Haoze Zhang,&nbsp;Huabin Yuan,&nbsp;Rui Zong,&nbsp;Mingming Zhang,&nbsp;Quanqi Li","doi":"10.1111/jac.12760","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.12760","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A significant basis for winter wheat production in China is the North China Plain (NCP). However, winter wheat production is severely hampered by water shortages in this area. Transpiration co-occurs with photosynthesis, affecting crop water productivity (CWP). The purpose of this experiment is to use Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) to study actual transpiration (AT) and evaporation (AE) under different irrigation schedules and then determine its impact on grain yield and CWP. In the 2019–2022 winter wheat growing seasons, four experimental treatments were set up: no irrigation during growth period (I0), irrigation at jointing stage (I1), irrigation at jointing and anthesis stage (I2) and irrigation at jointing, anthesis and filling stage (I3), and the RZWQM2 model was calibrated and verified in this experiment. A higher yield (7840.90 kg/ha for an average of 3 years) and the highest CWP can be obtained in I2 treatment (increased by 12.72%, 5.98% and 4.28% for an average of 3 years, respectively, compared to the other three treatments). The model has a good simulation effect on soil water dynamic change and plant physiological performance of the four treatments; the model showed that irrigation increased the simulated AE and AT; however, reduced AE/actual evapotranspiration. For the whole growth period, AT in I3, I2, I1 and I0 was 351.70, 317.30, 271.50 and 223.70 mm, respectively. Especially in the late growth stage of winter wheat, the AT in I3 was 65.20 mm for an average of 3 years, which was significantly higher than I2, I1 and I0 by 31.60, 13.50 and 10.00 mm, respectively. Thus, I3 increased AT at the late growth stage of winter wheat and resulted in an increase in grain yield; however, it did not significantly increase CWP. This study demonstrated that irrigation at winter wheat jointing and anthesis stages can improve the CWP to achieve the goal of stable grain yield and water saving.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"210 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Holistic Approach to the Selection of Soybean (Glycine max) Cultivars for Shade Environments Based on Morphological, Yield and Genetic Traits","authors":"Wellington Ferreira Campos,&nbsp;João Paulo Ribeiro Leite,&nbsp;Fábio Santos Matos,&nbsp;Leonardo Barros Dobbss,&nbsp;Alessandro Nicoli,&nbsp;Anderson Barbosa Evaristo","doi":"10.1111/jac.12759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12759","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The reduction of photosynthetically active radiation impacts the growth and productivity of soybean in agroforestry and intercropping systems. Thus, this report explored the responses of 16 soybean cultivars submitted to shade levels in field conditions. Multi-faceted and relative importance analyses revealed that the steam diameter and plant height are fundamental morphological markers for selecting shade-resilient cultivars, both were high and positively correlated to yield components. Moreover, the responses to shade varied among soybean cultivars, with certain genotypes demonstrating distinct tolerance levels, which allowed also the estimative of genetic variance that revealed strong participation of genetic components in responses to shade. Multivariate and clustering analysis using steam diameter and plant height in combination with two yield components resulted in the identification of four soybean cultivars more tolerant to shade environments and two sensible. Therefore, this report provides insights into soybean cultivation under varying light conditions, provides a robust foundation for the integration of morphological and yield markers in breeding programmes focused on shade tolerance and guides future endeavours in crop improvement for optimal and sustainable yield and resilience in the climate change context.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"210 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Smart Agriculture Techniques in Food Security: A Systematic Review","authors":"Tanveer Ahmad,&nbsp;Samreen Ahsan,&nbsp;Muhammad Adil Farooq,&nbsp;Muhammad Gulzar,&nbsp;Mubashir Mubben,&nbsp;Ashiq Hussain,&nbsp;Adnan Ahmed,&nbsp;Afifa Asif,&nbsp;Samina Kauser,&nbsp;Ayesha Najam,&nbsp; Sidrah,&nbsp;Nida Firdous","doi":"10.1111/jac.12758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12758","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Agriculture plays an important part in the overall growth and development of a nation. Concerns about agriculture continue to be a recalcitrant obstacle in the path of upward movement. Although agricultural yields are increased, however, low- and middle-income countries still have difficulty in producing all of the required foods with the current state of agricultural technology. Smart agriculture is becoming increasingly important to the farmers as a means of ensuring optimal field growth and higher crop yield. This systematic study analysed and briefly explained the effects of using smart agriculture techniques (SATs) from a variety of countries, including China, the United States of America, Australia, India, the Philippine Islands, South Africa, Pakistan and Iran, among others. Increased climatic change resulting in abiotic stress and other harmful effects on plants have resulted in decreased productivity under traditional agricultural practices. Stats from the literature have shown that the launching of SATs has resulted in a significant increase in cotton–wheat and rice–wheat crop yields, resultantly increased incomes of the farmers. Application of SATs, including satellite remote sensing, drones, machine learning and image processing, monitoring, wireless sensor networks, IoT–based robotics, precision agriculture and agroforestry could be extremely useful in developing intelligent agricultural systems in underdeveloped and developing countries, with improved plant growth, high crop yield and ensuring food security. These technologies could help farmers by storing additional water, spraying pesticides with drones, practicing precision agriculture and employing sensors for assessing different environmental parameters. By making efficient use of these technologies, countries could be able to increase the yield of their crops, which, in turn, will contribute to the reduction of poverty and the elimination of food insecurity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"210 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinguishing High Daytime From Nighttime Temperature Effects During Early Vegetative Growth in Cotton","authors":"Ved Parkash,&nbsp;John Snider,&nbsp;Kelvin Jimmy Awori,&nbsp;Jhansy Reddy Katta,&nbsp;Cristiane Pilon,&nbsp;Viktor Tishchenko","doi":"10.1111/jac.12757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12757","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High-temperature limits early season vegetative growth of cotton, and the physiological response of cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) to high daytime or nighttime temperature needs to be explored. The objectives of the current study were to determine (1) plant growth response, (2) physiological contributors to variation in biomass production and (3) mechanisms driving variation in net photosynthetic rate (<i>A</i>_N) in response to different combinations of high daytime and nighttime temperatures. Beginning at planting, cotton was exposed to four different growth temperature regimes: (1) optimum (30/20°C day/night), (2) high nighttime (30/30°C), (3) high daytime (40/20°C) and combined high daytime and nighttime (40/30°C) for 4 weeks. Relative to the 30/20°C treatment, plant growth was positively affected by high nighttime temperature and negatively affected by high daytime temperature and combined high day and night temperature. Increased leaf area mainly contributed to increased biomass production in high nighttime temperature; higher nighttime respiration (<i>R</i>_N) drove reductions in biomass in combined high daytime and nighttime temperature; and decreased leaf area and <i>A</i>_N and increased <i>R</i>_N drove reductions in biomass under high daytime temperature alone. <i>A</i>_N was not impacted by high nighttime temperature, while decreased under high daytime temperature and increased with combined high daytime and nighttime temperature. Adjustments in leaf traits contributed to increases in <i>A</i>_N in combined high daytime and nighttime temperature, and increased photorespiration and respiration contributed to reductions in <i>A</i>_N under high daytime temperature. Overall, early season vegetative growth of cotton exhibited differential responses to high daytime and nighttime temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"210 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.12757","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling Morpho-Physiological Mechanism and Candidate Genes Associated With Salinity Tolerance in Superior Haplotypes of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)","authors":"Sonia Singh,&nbsp;Shashank Kumar Yadav,&nbsp;Sunder Singh Arya,&nbsp;Sherry R. Jacob,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Gautam,&nbsp;Gyanendra Pratap Singh,&nbsp;Vikender Kaur","doi":"10.1111/jac.12756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12756","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The lack of suitable genetic resources for saline regions and the complexity of the traits involved impede the progress in crop breeding for salt tolerance. The present investigation was carried out using 27 diverse barley genotypes chosen based on the assessment of salt tolerance potential within the barley mini-core collection at the National Genebank of India. The genotypes were exposed to salinity stress (200 mM NaCl) and were examined for morpho-agronomic, physiological traits and salt uptake parameters. Exposure to salt stress resulted in a significant decline in all parameters ranging from 5.94% in relative water content to 80.04% in shoot K⁺/Na⁺ ratio compared to the control in the evaluated accessions. Moreover, the grain yield and its key attribute hundred-grain weight decreased substantially by 65.35% and 48.62%, respectively, under saline treatment. The majority of the resilient accessions managed to uphold a higher K⁺/Na⁺ ratio ranging from 0.51 in EC0578359 to 1.19 EC0578251 in contrast to vulnerable germplasm (&lt;0.56) under saline circumstances. The analysis of haplotype variants disclosed allelic diversity linked with two promising candidate genes, <i>HVA1</i> and <i>HvHKT2</i>, recognised for conferring salt tolerance. Examination of nucleotide sequences revealed that the <i>HVA1</i> remained considerably conserved among the evaluated genotypes as the majority of the SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) were synonymous. Conversely, for <i>HvHKT2</i>, a significant level of genetic variation led to the identification of two primary haplotypic clusters—Hap1 associated with sensitivity to salinity and Hap2 linked with tolerant traits. Hap2 predominantly consisted of In/Dels which caused a modification in the overall protein length alongside the phospho-variant allelic form of the <i>HKT2</i> gene, further enhancing the biological specificity and functional stress response in a spatiotemporal fashion. These haplotype clusters correlated with favourable traits could be utilised for trait integration into breeding populations, thereby expediting the enhancement of superior salt-tolerant barley cultivars.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"210 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Nitrogen Fixation for Sustainable Agriculture Development Under Climate Change–New Insights From a Meta-Analysis","authors":"Abu Zar Ghafoor,&nbsp;Hafiz Hassan Javed,&nbsp;Hassan Karim,&nbsp;Marcin Studnicki,&nbsp;Ijaz Ali,&nbsp;Hu Yue,&nbsp;Peng Xiao,&nbsp;Muhammad Ahsan Asghar,&nbsp;Christopher Brock,&nbsp;Yongcheng Wu","doi":"10.1111/jac.12754","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.12754","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in legume crops is a crucial ecosystem service that enhances soil nitrogen and reduces the need for chemical fertilisers. This study evaluates the factors influencing the proportion of plant nitrogen derived from atmospheric fixation (Ndfa) in legume crops. We compiled a global dataset spanning from 1980 to 2018 and used the ¹⁵N method to assess the impacts of crop species, climatic conditions, stand composition and nitrogen fertilisation on Ndfa. The global meta-analysis reveals that the percentage of nitrogen derived from atmospheric fixation (Ndfa) in legumes ranges from 5% to 99%, with an average of 68%. Fodder legumes exhibited higher Ndfa, averaging 75%, while grain legumes showed more variability, ranging from 38% to 85%, depending on species and climatic conditions. The significant variability in Ndfa underscores the complexity of the process, which is influenced by species-specific traits, ecological conditions and competition in mixed stands. However, the current data is insufficient for precise Ndfa estimation in nitrogen balances and decision support tools. The study highlights the need for further research on the impact of nitrogen fertilisation and stand composition on Ndfa. These findings emphasise the potential of BNF to support sustainable agriculture by improving nitrogen availability and reducing dependence on synthetic fertilisers and particularly susceptibility to climate change challenges. To optimise the benefits of BNF, future research should focus on refining fertilisation regimes and exploring species-specific responses to various ecological conditions. Exploring adaptive strategies, like selecting drought-tolerant legumes and optimising irrigation, is essential. This will enhance the application of BNF in diverse agricultural systems, contributing to more sustainable and efficient farming practices.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"210 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142144330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}