Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes最新文献_第2页

Thrush and fever as measures of immunocompetence in HIV-1-infected men. 鹅口疮和发热作为hiv -1感染男性免疫能力的指标。

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes Pub Date : 1994-12-01

A J Kirby, A Muñoz, R Detels, J A Armstrong, A Saah, J P Phair

{"title":"Thrush and fever as measures of immunocompetence in HIV-1-infected men.","authors":"A J Kirby, A Muñoz, R Detels, J A Armstrong, A Saah, J P Phair","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals with high CD4+ counts indicates poor immunologic function. Thrush and persistent fever, easily recognized clinically, are potential measures of immunocompetence. This analysis establishes the complex interactions of CD4+ count, thrush, and persistent fever to predict the occurrence of PCP. Analyses used 20,632 person visits from 2,568 HIV-1-seropositive homosexual or bisexual men participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Comprehensive examinations were conducted semiannually, while occurrences of PCP were assessed continuously. The occurrence of thrush and fever increase in frequency as CD4+ levels decrease. The relative hazard of PCP in the presence of thrush compared with the absence of thrush rises (p < 0.05) from 1 for the lowest CD4+ category to approximately 5 in the highest categories. The relative hazard of PCP in the presence of fever compared with the absence of fever is above one (p < 0.05) in all CD4+ categories. No cases of PCP occurred in individuals on PCP prophylaxis with CD4+ counts > 200/mm3. These results suggest that HIV-1-related symptoms provide a measure of failing immune function that is not reflected by enumeration of CD4+ lymphocytes alone and support the United States Public Health Service recommendation that symptomatic individuals with CD4+ counts > 200/mm3 should be considered for PCP prophylaxis.","PeriodicalId":14827,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes","volume":"7 12","pages":"1242-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18960769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health care delivery, zidovudine use, and survival of women and men with AIDS. 卫生保健的提供、齐多夫定的使用与艾滋病男女患者的生存。

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes Pub Date : 1994-12-01

B J Turner, L E Markson, L J McKee, R Houchens, T Fanning

{"title":"Health care delivery, zidovudine use, and survival of women and men with AIDS.","authors":"B J Turner, L E Markson, L J McKee, R Houchens, T Fanning","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to define predictors of survival for women and men after AIDS diagnosis. We examined health care delivery and drug therapy in the year before AIDS diagnosis for continuously enrolled New York State Medicaid beneficiaries with AIDS in 1988-1990. We examined the association of these factors with survival after AIDS diagnosis. Of 1,077 women and 1,871 men, 60% of both gender groups were drug users. In both risk groups, women had more outpatient visits than men but were equally likely to visit an AIDS specialist. In those who were not drug users, men were twice as likely as women to receive either zidovudine or Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis. No difference appeared among drug users. Survival after AIDS diagnosis was similar by gender for those who were not drug users (RR = 1.09; 95% CI = 0.90-1.33). In drug users, women had a slightly lower risk of death than men (RR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.72-0.98). Risk of death after AIDS diagnosis was higher for persons starting zidovudine earlier in both risk groups. Among drug users, women received more ambulatory care and survived slightly longer than men. Among those who were not drug users, survival was similar by gender even after adjusting for differences in care.","PeriodicalId":14827,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes","volume":"7 12","pages":"1250-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18960770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resistance to HIV-1 infection. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. 抵抗HIV-1感染。多中心艾滋病队列研究。

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes Pub Date : 1994-12-01

R Detels, Z Liu, K Hennessey, J Kan, B R Visscher, J M Taylor, D R Hoover, C R Rinaldo, J P Phair, A J Saah

{"title":"Resistance to HIV-1 infection. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.","authors":"R Detels, Z Liu, K Hennessey, J Kan, B R Visscher, J M Taylor, D R Hoover, C R Rinaldo, J P Phair, A J Saah","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Men from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study were classified as \"susceptible\" and \"resistant\" to HIV infection. Resistant men were still HIV antibody negative in 1993 and were estimated to have had > 45 different anal intercourse partners (median, 92; range, 46-504) in the 2.5 years before visit 2 (1985). Susceptible men were seroconverters who were estimated to have had < 13 different anal partners (median, 4; range, 0-12). Leukocyte groups were compared between the two groups of men. Values were excluded for 12 months before the first antibody-positive visit in the susceptible men. White blood cells, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, total lymphocyte count, CD8+ percentage and number, and CD3+ and CD4+ number were higher in the resistant men. Logistic regression analyses were used to develop 50 bivariate models. Higher levels of neutrophils and CD8+ cells were included in four of the six best-fitting bivariate models, suggesting that each is associated with resistance to HIV-1 infection. These results support the hypothesis that CD8+ cells may modulate the outcome of HIV-1 exposure.","PeriodicalId":14827,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes","volume":"7 12","pages":"1263-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18960771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seroprevalence of HIV-1 and syphilis antibodies in blood donors in Gonder, Ethiopia, 1989-1993. 1989-1993年埃塞俄比亚贡德尔献血者中HIV-1和梅毒抗体的血清阳性率

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes Pub Date : 1994-12-01

A Assefa, S Rahlenbeck, K Molla, S Alemu

引用次数: 0

Autoantibodies to nucleosomes in HIV-1-infected patients. hiv -1感染患者的核小体自身抗体。

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes Pub Date : 1994-12-01 DOI: 10.1097/00126334-199412000-00011

J P Viard, H Chabre, J F Bach

引用次数: 7

T lymphocyte homeostasis after HIV seroconversion. HIV血清转化后的T淋巴细胞稳态。

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes Pub Date : 1994-12-01

A N Phillips, C A Sabin, J Elford, M Bofill, G Janossy, C A Lee

引用次数: 0

Effects of vif mutations on cell-free infectivity and replication of simian immunodeficiency virus. vif突变对猴免疫缺陷病毒无细胞感染性和复制的影响。

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes Pub Date : 1994-12-01

I W Park, K Myrick, J Sodroski

{"title":"Effects of vif mutations on cell-free infectivity and replication of simian immunodeficiency virus.","authors":"I W Park, K Myrick, J Sodroski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the function of the Vif protein of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), mutations were introduced into the SIVmac239 vif gene without affecting the reading frames of other overlapping genes. The phenotypes of these mutant viruses were examined with respect to viral replication and the expression and processing of viral proteins. Transfection of vif-mutant proviral DNA into established T cell lines resulted in a significant delay in the onset of virus replication compared to that seen with the wild-type provirus. The efficiency of replication of the vif-mutant virus was dependent on cell type. MT-4 cells were permissive for replication of the vif mutant, while replication in CEMx174 cells was severely restricted. Little or no virus replication was observed following cell-free infection of the CEMx174 cell line and macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). These results indicate that the requirement for vif during the replication of SIVmac239 is dependent on cell type, as has been observed for HIV-1. Following cell-free infection, mutant viruses containing combined deletions in vif and the other regulatory genes (vpx, vpr, and nef) displayed replication kinetics similar to that of viruses containing the deletion of vif alone. Viral protein expression and processing in MT-4 cells of vif-deleted viruses were indistinguishable from those of the wild-type virus. The effects of two different point mutations in vif were examined. One point mutant in vif reverted to the genetic sequence of the wild-type virus within 2 weeks.2 +","PeriodicalId":14827,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes","volume":"7 12","pages":"1228-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18963447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidence of HIV-1 infection among young men in Thailand. 泰国年轻男性中HIV-1感染的发生率。

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes Pub Date : 1994-12-01

J K Carr, N Sirisopana, K Torugsa, A Jugsudee, T Supapongse, C Chuenchitra, S Nitayaphan, P Singharaj, J G McNeil

{"title":"Incidence of HIV-1 infection among young men in Thailand.","authors":"J K Carr, N Sirisopana, K Torugsa, A Jugsudee, T Supapongse, C Chuenchitra, S Nitayaphan, P Singharaj, J G McNeil","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Royal Thai Army (RTA) enlistees were tested for HIV-1 seropositivity prospectively in order to explore their feasibility as a cohort in an HIV-1 preventive vaccine efficacy trial. The 17,615 seronegative enlistees, virtually all 21-year-old men, contributed 10,409 person-years (p-y) of follow-up. Cohorts were enlisted in November 1991 and May 1992 from northern Thailand and Bangkok. The follow-up rate was 50%, with loss to follow-up significantly associated with location of the base, marital status, and educational level. Seroincidence was 0.5/100 p-y for recruits stationed in Bangkok, 1.0/100 p-y in the lower north, and 3.2/100 p-y in the upper north. In a multiple regression model, the young man's birthplace was strongly associated with risk of infection, suggesting that transmission occurred during leave as well as during duty. Incidence rates were significantly lower in those who were married at the time of enlistment and in those with > or = 10 years of education. The seroincidence rates among recruits stationed in the upper north support vaccine trial feasibility, but follow-up rates need to be improved.","PeriodicalId":14827,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes","volume":"7 12","pages":"1270-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18960772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A rapid and reliable assay to enumerate CD4+ T lymphocytes in whole blood. 一种快速可靠的全血CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数方法。

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes Pub Date : 1994-12-01

O C Ferreira, G Suleiman, C Brites, P Novoa, M Piovesana, J Suleiman, R H Kanayama, T R Russel, R Zwerner, W Harrington

{"title":"A rapid and reliable assay to enumerate CD4+ T lymphocytes in whole blood.","authors":"O C Ferreira, G Suleiman, C Brites, P Novoa, M Piovesana, J Suleiman, R H Kanayama, T R Russel, R Zwerner, W Harrington","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We compared the performance of a rapid and simple anti-CD4 antibody-coated microsphere assay with flow cytometry and immunofluorescence for quantitation of absolute count of CD4+ T lymphocytes. A longitudinal evaluation of CD4+ T lymphocytes by flow cytometry and microsphere assay in 10 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative and 59 HIV-seropositive individuals was conducted over a period of 9 months. Standard flow cytometry analysis was performed to establish the absolute CD4+ T-lymphocyte count. The microsphere assay uses whole blood; CD14+ and CD4+ cells are first blocked by small latex beads coated with anti-CD14 antibody, and remaining cells are stained with larger anti-CD4 antibody-coated beads. Cells rosetted with only anti-CD4 antibody-coated beads are counted with use of a hemacytometer. Immunofluorescence microscopy was performed by standard techniques with use of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The predictive value for stratification of HIV-seropositive patients by CD4+ T-lymphocyte values of < 200/microliters was 95% when the microsphere method was compared with flow cytometry. A correlation coefficient of 0.91 between the two assay methods was demonstrated in 281 CD4+ T-lymphocyte tests for absolute count. Finally, the flow cytometry method yielded better results than did the microsphere assay and immunofluorescence microscopy, in descending order of accuracy. The microsphere method should be effective in determining absolute CD4+ T-lymphocyte count in developing countries where, for a variety of reasons, no other method can be reliably performed.","PeriodicalId":14827,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes","volume":"7 12","pages":"1224-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18963446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epiglottitis as a manifestation of acute HIV infection. 会厌炎是急性HIV感染的一种表现。

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes Pub Date : 1994-11-01

B K Pedersen, C Pedersen

引用次数: 0