Journal de mycologie medicale最新文献

{"title":"Fungal disease incidence and prevalence in Iraq – Preliminary estimates","authors":"Karzan A. Mohammad ,&nbsp;Hero M. Ismail ,&nbsp;Khattab A.M. Shekhany ,&nbsp;Raya Kh. Yashooa ,&nbsp;Delan A. Younus ,&nbsp;Samir Kh. Abdullah ,&nbsp;Azhar A.F. Alatraqchi ,&nbsp;Rasool Aldabbagh ,&nbsp;David W. Denning","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The surveillance of serious and superficial skin fungal infections in Iraq has not been conducted. Limited information exists on their incidence and prevalence.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to analyze, compute and estimate the prevalence and burden of fungal infections, as no previous data is available and no studies has been attempted in Iraq.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In the present study the data were collected and reviewed from published data on epidemiology of fungal infections nationally, internationally, from unpublished postgraduate master and PhD theses, hospital records and private clinic records. External sources of data from other countries were used for diseases which lacked sufficient local data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We estimated 985,628 annual serious infections comprising of 2.26 % of the total population. When including superficial fungal infections group of the skin, this rises to 2,075,113 infections at 4.76 % of the total population. The most common serious and skin infections were recurrent <em>Candida</em> vaginitis, fungal rhinosinusitis and tinea capitis comprising 61.5 %, 21.8 %, and 22.4 % of all infections although the total incidence of superficial fungal infections was also high at 1,071,485. Respiratory fungal disease is also common comprising 14.0 % of infections. We predicted the following annual burden per 100,000; oral candidiasis at 247.9, esophageal candidiasis at 6.04, candidemia at 5.0, <em>Candida</em> peritonitis at 0.75, recurrent <em>Candida</em> vaginitis at 5461, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis at 35, severe asthma with fungal sensitisation at 46, invasive aspergillosis at 7.9, chronic pulmonary aspergillosis at 11.7, chronic fungal rhinosinusitis at 496, mucormycosis at 0.99, fungal keratitis at 14.0, and total dermatophytosis at 1631, the most severe being tinea capitis at 366. Many of these estimates were made with data sourced from other nations, so additional data from Iraq is required to validate or modify these estimates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Recurrent <em>Candida</em> vaginitis<em>,</em> fungal rhinosinusitis, and tinea capitis are considered to be the most frequent fungal diseases present in Iraq.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 101516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of herbal essential oil based nail lacquer for management of onychomycosis","authors":"Ravi Goyal ,&nbsp;Annima Goyal ,&nbsp;Azmat Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Sabiha Fatima ,&nbsp;Tanveer Singh ,&nbsp;Deepinder Singh Malik","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Onychomycosis (Paronychia) is a common fungal nail infection, characterised by thickened, discoloured and brittle nails often accompanied by pain and discomfort. It is one of the most prevalent fungal nail infections with the global incidence of &gt;20 % affected commonly by <em>Candida albicans</em> and <em>Candida parapsilosis.</em> The market today is flooded with various antifungal therapies (Azoles, Imidazoles, Allylamines, etc.) but their clinical applicability is limited due to associated side effects. The study is an attempt to formulate essential oil-based nail lacquer against Candidal Onychomycosis.</div></div><div><h3>Material and Method</h3><div>Selection of essential oils and preparation of their blends (EOB) was made on basis of their antifungal activity (minimum inhibitory concentration; MIC and zone of inhibition; ZOI) and physiological effect they exhibit on varied pathological parameters of onychomycosis. Simultaneously, varied batches of nail lacquer (N1-N5) were prepared by varying the concentrations of polymer and film forming agent and were evaluated for their formulatory characteristics (drying time, incidence of white patches, film texture, etc.). Optimal nail lacquer batch was loaded with screened EOB and was evaluated for various characteristics and antifungal activity.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The formulation F4 was found to form a smooth, transparent film over the nail with absence of any tackiness or white patches. Moreover, F4 formulation exhibited minimum MIC among varied batches and higher ZOI (4.3 cm) as compared to marketed preparation (3.5 cm), indicating better antifungal activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Essential oils, as an active agent, could prove to be a natural, safer, and more effective alternative to the conventionally available topical preparations for the management of fungal infections. The development of this herbal mixture opens up new possibilities for treating onychomycosis, necessitating additional research and clinical studies to establish its clinical safety, efficacy, and viability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 101515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and outcome of candidemia among paediatric cancer patients: A single centre experience from India","authors":"Poonam khemani ,&nbsp;Shyam Srinivasan ,&nbsp;Gaurav Salunke ,&nbsp;Maya Prasad ,&nbsp;Chetan Dhamne ,&nbsp;Badira C. Parambil ,&nbsp;Akanksha Chichra ,&nbsp;Venkata Rama Mohan Gollamudi ,&nbsp;Irene Ruben Sunder ,&nbsp;Nirmalya Roy Moulik ,&nbsp;Gaurav Narula ,&nbsp;Girish Chinnaswamy ,&nbsp;Shripad Banavali","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Candida species are one of the leading causes of invasive fungal infections in pediatric patients with cancer, resulting in increased treatment related morbidity and mortality. There is limited data with respect to demography and outcomes of candidemia among children with cancer, especially from lower-middle income countries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective observational study conducted over a 4-year Period (January-2017 to December-2021), children less than 15 years with cancer, treated at a tertiary oncology centre in India and diagnosed with candidemia were included. Data with respect to risk factors, species types, treatment, complications and mortality was gathered.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One-hundred and ten children with candidemia were included. The most common underlying malignancy was acute leukemia seen in 72 (66%) patients. Seventy-five (68%) patients had neutropenia (&lt;0.5 × 10^9/L) at the time of diagnosis of candidemia. In addition, 35 (32%) and 34 (30%) patients had prolonged exposure to steroids and antibiotics respectively. Non-albicans Candida species was isolated in majority (90%) of the cases. Fifty-seven patients required some form of modification of therapy for underlying malignancy. The 30-day mortality of the entire cohort was 36% and was 73% for patients admitted to the intensive care unit. On multivariate analysis, only prolonged use of antibiotics [odds ratio: 2.7(1.1-6.7); p = 0.027] was found to be significantly associated with worse 30-day mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present study highlights the burden of candidemia among children with cancer. Despite prompt therapy, our cohort experienced increased mortality, primarily associated with prolonged antibiotic usage. These findings reinforce the critical importance of strict adherence to infection control guidelines and prudent antibiotic stewardship practices to improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 101510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rumex japonicus Houtt. Leaves: The chemical composition and anti-fungal activity","authors":"Dandan Xiao ,&nbsp;He Sun ,&nbsp;Xue Li,&nbsp;Fanying Meng,&nbsp;Tong Sun,&nbsp;Xinting Shao,&nbsp;Yuling Ding,&nbsp;Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Candida albicans</em> is a pathogenic commensal fungus. <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em> and <em>Trichophyton rubrum</em> are the leading pathogens of dermatophysis. <em>Rumex japonicus</em> Houtt. has a miraculous effect on the treatment of tinea skin disease, but its mechanism has not been clarified.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This paper investigated the anti-fungal ingredients of the leaves of <em>Rumex japonicus</em> Houtt. (RJH-L) and the mechanism of the anti-fungal (<em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em>).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>First, the chemical composition analysis of RJH-L was conducted by acid extraction and alcohol precipitation, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR); in <em>vitro</em> anti-fungal experiments were carried out, including the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) spore germination rate, germ tube production rate, nucleic acid and protein leakage rate, biofilm structure, PCR, etc., to study the mechanism of action of RJH-L anti-fungal and anti-biofilm activity.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Seven monomer compounds were obtained: anthraquinones (rhein, emodin and aloe-emodin); polyphenols (ferulic acid, <em>p-coumaric</em> acid), and flavonoids (rutin and quercetin). The results of in <em>vitro</em> anti-fungal experiments showed that the extracts of RJH-L had strong inhibitory effect on both fungi (MIC: 1.96 µg/mL-62.50 µg/mL), of which emodin had the strongest effect on <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em>; and rhein had the strongest effect on <em>Candida albicans</em> and <em>Trichophyton rubrum</em>. The above active components can inhibit the germination of fungal spores and germ tube, change cell membrane permeability, prevent hyphal growth, destroy the biofilm structure, and down-regulate the expression of agglutinin-like sequencefamily1 of biofilm growth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study shows that RJH-L are rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthraquinones, and play a fungicidal role.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 101513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cladosporium cladosporioides brain abscess: An enigmatic case","authors":"Sudesh Gourav,&nbsp;Gagandeep Singh,&nbsp;Immaculata Xess,&nbsp;Sonakshi Gupta,&nbsp;Bhaskar Rana,&nbsp;Himanshu Mishra,&nbsp;Mragnayani Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A fifteen-year-old boy was brought to emergency department with complaints of altered sensorium, aphasia and right sided hemiparesis following severe dengue one month back. On physical examination, tone was flaccid and power was diminished in right upper and lower limbs. Reflexes were diminished in all four limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple well defined thin walled ring-enhancing lesions in left basal ganglia, bilateral cerebellum, left occipital lobe and bilateral fronto-temporo-parietal lobes. The basal ganglia focus was tapped. Potassium hydroxide-calcofluor white mount of the intra-operative pus sample showed fragmented septate hyphae with folding and with wide variations in breadth. A provisional report of septate and aseptate hyphae suggestive of mixed infection was given. Empirical voriconazole was stopped and the patient was started on liposomal amphotericin B to cover a broader spectrum of molds. Subsequently, fungal culture of the pus sample grew off-white glabrous colonies in multiple culture tubes. On lactophenol cotton blue mount, shield cells were seen suggestive of <em>Cladosporium</em> spp. Amphotericin B was stopped after provisional identification of <em>Cladosporium</em> spp. was given by the laboratory and IV voriconazole was started. The identification was confirmed to be <em>Cladosporium cladosporioides</em> by microculture and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region of the 18s ribosomal DNA<em>.</em> The patient improved with drainage of the largest basal ganglia focus and voriconazole. This case exemplifies the potential of saprobic fungi to cause invasive infections in human.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 101514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histoplasmosis in cancer patients: A global scoping review (2001–2024)","authors":"Asukwo E. Onukak ,&nbsp;Chimaobi I. Nwagboso ,&nbsp;Bernard B. Akpu ,&nbsp;Agbo J. Etim ,&nbsp;Ofonime E. Benjamin ,&nbsp;Simon E. Ereh ,&nbsp;Walter O. Egbara ,&nbsp;Aje N. Ogar ,&nbsp;Ekpenyong U. Essien ,&nbsp;Bassey E. Ekeng","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although classified as an AIDS-defining illness, several reports show histoplasmosis also affects patients living with cancers including haematological malignancies and solid tumours. However, reviews describing cases of histoplasmosis in malignancies are lacking in the literature. We identified a total of thirty-four cases with twenty (58.8 %) cases reported from the USA, four from Brazil (11.8 %), three from India (8.8 %), and one each from Singapore (2.9 %), France (2.9 %), Netherlands (2.9 %), Colombia (2.9 %), Canada (2.9 %), Morocco (2.9 %), and Malaysia (2.9 %). 82.4 % (<em>n</em> = 28) of the cases were adults. Presenting symptoms were majorly fever (61.7 %), lymphadenopathy (50.0 %) and weight loss (29.4 %). Essential haematologic findings were pancytopaenia (<em>n</em> = 7, 20.6 %), neutropenia (<em>n</em> = 2, 5.9 %) and anaemia (<em>n</em> = 5, 14.7 %). The associated cancers were predominantly haematological and comprised 73.5 % (<em>n</em> = 25) of all cases. The diagnosis of histoplasmosis was via histopathology (<em>n</em> = 23, 67.6%), culture (<em>n</em> = 13, 38.2%), <em>Histoplasma</em> antigen assay (<em>n</em> = 13, 38.2%), anti-<em>Histoplasma</em> antibody assay (<em>n</em> = 5, 14.7%), PCR and sequencing (<em>n</em> = 2, 5.9%), peripheral blood film/direct microscopy (<em>n</em> = 4, 11.8%) and cytology (<em>n</em> = 1, 2.9%). Of the thirty-four cases, twenty-four (70.6%) had favourable outcomes, eight (23.5%) died, one (2.9%) was lost to follow-up and in one (2.9%) case, the outcome was not stated. Histoplasmosis is not an uncommon opportunistic disease complicating malignancies but is paradoxically underdiagnosed in Africa given the huge burden of cancers in that region. Besides following chemotherapy and the use of steroids, tumour necrosis factor-α antagonists therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and environmental exposure were factors associated with <em>Histoplasma</em> infection in patients with malignancies. A resolution to promptly screen suspected or confirmed cases of malignancies for histoplasmosis will improve diagnosis and clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 101511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of tinea capitis in primary school children in Bouake, Ivory Coast","authors":"Assi SB ,&nbsp;Zika KD ,&nbsp;Kouakou ASJ ,&nbsp;Konan AS ,&nbsp;Dogoni MO ,&nbsp;Karidioula YL ,&nbsp;Adon S ,&nbsp;Silue YA ,&nbsp;Lingue KN ,&nbsp;Toure AO ,&nbsp;Adoubryn KD","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study was to update the epidemiology of tinea capitis in schoolchildren of Bouake city, 16 years later.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From mid-February to mid-April 2017, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in the “TSF-Sud” public primary -school group. All pupils present during the survey period had a clinical examination of the scalp. Hair stumps and scales were collected from children who showed symptoms suggestive of tinea capitis. Samples were exposed to direct microscopic examination using 30% potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution under light microscopy and cultured on Sabouraud's agar medium supplemented with chloramphenicol, and cycloheximide with incubation at 27 °C for at least two weeks. The diagnosis of tinea capitis was made when the direct examination and culture of the samples were positive.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 803 children aged from 5 to 13 years who were clinically examined, 100 (14.5%) were found to have suspected tinea capitis. All sample were positive on direct examination and 70 were positive on cultures, giving an overall prevalence of 8.7%. No significant differences were observed between sexes (<em>p</em> = 1), age groups (<em>p</em> = 0.26), presence of domestic animals at home (<em>p</em> = 0.64) and hair cut at barber or salon (<em>p</em> = 0.21). The prevalence was higher in children who shared a bed (<em>p</em> = 0.001) and those with a history of ringworm (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). <em>Trichophyton soudanense</em> (48.5%), <em>Microsporum audouinii</em> (14.3%), <em>Microsporum ferrugineum</em> (14.3%), were the most isolated dermatophytes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study showed a low prevalence of tinea capitis compared to those observed in 2003 in the same region due to improved living conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 101512"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulvovaginal candidiasis, an increasing burden to women in the tropical regions attending Bharatpur Hospital, Chitwan","authors":"Anisha Subedi ,&nbsp;Milan Kumar Upreti ,&nbsp;Jid Chani Rana ,&nbsp;Ram Prasad Sapkota ,&nbsp;Upendra Thapa Shrestha","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a yeast infection commonly caused by the overgrowth of <em>Candida</em> species in and around the vulva and vagina. Abnormal vaginal discharge, itching and irritation, swelling and redness of the vaginal area, pain during sexual intercourse, and dyspareunia are important clinical findings of the infection. Currently, the infection is one of the growing burdens to married women. Moreover, the infection with antifungal-resistant <em>Candida</em> species adds challenges to managing the disease. Hence, this study was conducted to identify the different <em>Candida</em> species causing vulvovaginal candidiasis and to determine its susceptibility pattern against different antifungal drugs. A hospital-based cross-sectional and quantitative study was conducted for the period of six months from September 2022 to March 2023 among symptomatic married women in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Bharatpur Hospital, Chitwan. A total of 300 symptomatic cases were enrolled in the study. <em>Candida</em> species were isolated from vaginal swabs following standard microbiological procedures and antifungal susceptibility testing was performed with different antifungal agents. The total prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis was found to be 37.3 % (112/300). Among different isolates, <em>Candida albicans</em> was found to be the most predominant (52.6 %), followed by <em>Candida glabrata</em> (29.3 %) among non-<em>albicans</em>. Women from the age group 25–35 years were found to be more infected (47.3 %) and the relationship between contraceptive use and vulvovaginal candidiasis was found to be statistically significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). <em>Candida</em> species showed higher susceptibility toward Amphotericin-B (68.1 %), followed by fluconazole (Diflucan), and Clotrimazole (50.9 %). Whereas the least susceptibility was observed to Voriconazole (27.6 %) and Itraconazole (35.30 %). <em>Candida albicans</em> was comparatively more susceptible to different antifungal drugs than non-<em>albicans</em> species. <em>Candida parapsilosis</em> was only susceptible to Amphotericin-B and the increasing incidence of vaginal candidiasis due to non-<em>albicans Candida</em> indicates the need for routine speciation of <em>Candida.</em></p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 101509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercial loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia: An alternative to immunofluorescence assays","authors":"J. Node ,&nbsp;E. Scherer ,&nbsp;L. Millon ,&nbsp;A.P. Bellanger","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A commercial loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay is available for the detection of <em>Pneumocytis jirovecii</em> (Eazyplex®, Amplex diagnostics, Germany). Few centers currently use this LAMP assay in France. Recently, the commercialization of reagents used to perform the <em>P. jirovecii</em> immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was stopped. This study aimed to assess the position of the commercial LAMP <em>P. jirovecii</em> assay in the diagnostic strategy for <em>Pneumocystis</em> pneumonia.</p><p>Over 24 months (August 1, 2021, to September 1, 2023), all bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples with a request for <em>P. jirovecii</em> detection were analyzed with the commercial Eazyplex® LAMP assay, using a Genie 2® device (Amplex, diagnostics), in parallel with the techniques used for direct examination. Specific <em>P. jirovecii</em> quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was subsequently performed.</p><p>In total, 346 BALF samples were analyzed by Diff-Quik coloration, IFA, and the commercial Eazyplex® LAMP assay for initial screening.</p><p>Twenty-six cases of PCP were retained based on radiological, biological and clinical criteria.</p><p>Among the 26 cases of PCP, 11 BALF samples were positive using the initial screening techniques: four with the three techniques, six by IFA and Eazyplex®, and one only by IFA. The eleven BALF samples were positive with the specific <em>P. jirovecii</em> qPCR assay, with a mean quantification cycle (Cq) of 27 [19–32].</p><p>The commercial Eazyplex® LAMP assay is able to provide a result in 25 min and its sensitivity is similar to that of BALF direct examination techniques, such as IFA, which is a technique no longer available on the European market. The sensitivity of the commercial Eazyplex® LAMP assay is however clearly inferior to that of the specific <em>P. jirovecii</em> qPCR assay and, therefore, cannot replace the specific qPCR, but may have a place in the diagnostic strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 101508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1156523324000490/pdfft?md5=df1519e11c948e1514ab4a6ef96d3fbd&pid=1-s2.0-S1156523324000490-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142094815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive candidiasis in dogs: A case report and review of the literature","authors":"Douglas M. Lorenzetti ,&nbsp;João P. Freitas ,&nbsp;Renata D. Mazaro ,&nbsp;Marina B. Beckenkamp ,&nbsp;Carla Weiblen ,&nbsp;Maria I. de Azevedo ,&nbsp;Laura B. Denardi ,&nbsp;Jânio M. Santurio ,&nbsp;Glaucia D. Kommers ,&nbsp;Alexandre A. Tonin ,&nbsp;Rafael A. Fighera","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Invasive candidiasis is characterized by the systemic dissemination of <em>Candida</em> spp. and colonization of multiple organs. We are reporting a case of invasive candidiasis in a 3.5-year-old female mixed-breed dog with a history of limb injury. After clinical evaluation and complementary examinations a sepsis diagnose was established. The patient remained hospitalized under antibiotic therapy, dying three days later. Necropsy revealed white, nodular (pyogranulomas), and multifocal areas on the liver, button ulcers in the stomach and intestines, and a random lung consolidation. Impression smears were made from the liver and lung surface lesions during necropsy showing yeast and pseudohyphae structures. Fragments of these organs were sent for fungal culture and subsequent molecular etiologic characterization, identifying it as <em>Candida albicans</em>. Histological examination of different organs showed pyogranulomatous inflammation surrounding the necrosis areas, which were full of yeast and pseudohyphae, as evidenced by periodic acid Schiff and immunohistochemistry. Neutropenia, as a consequence of sepsis, associated with the use of antibiotics may have allowed yeast invasion and proliferation in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, reaching the liver and lungs through hematogenous route. Invasive candidiasis is a rare canine disease, and no other cases of neutropenia associated with antibiotic therapy, as a predisposing factors, have been reported.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}