Journal de mycologie medicale最新文献

{"title":"Cryptococcosis at the university hospital of Marseille: A case series","authors":"Ibrahim Dollo ,&nbsp;Estelle Menu ,&nbsp;Pierre Dudouet ,&nbsp;Camille Aubry ,&nbsp;Coralie L'Ollivier ,&nbsp;Stéphane Ranque","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection burdened by a high case-fatality rate in immunocompromised patients. Once limited to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, the epidemiology of cryptococcosis has evolved in recent years and new risk factors have emerged. It is therefore essential to identify these risk factors in order to improve prevention and therapeutic efficacy. We conducted a retrospective observational study including all cases of cryptococcosis between January 2016 and December 2022, diagnosed at the University Hospital of Marseille. During the study period 15 cases of cryptococcosis were diagnosed. Six patients were HIV-infected. Nine patients had one or more comorbidities including liver cirrhosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, primary immunodeficiency disorder, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and solid organ transplantation. Ten patients had central nervous system cryptococcosis, four had pulmonary cryptococcosis and one patient had extra-pulmonary disseminated cryptococcosis. Of the three patients with liver cirrhosis, two patients died with a post-mortem diagnosis. Our data suggest that emerging risk factors are probably underestimated by clinicians. It emphasizes the need for cryptococcal antigenemia as part of syndromic investigation of any unexplained fever or neurological symptoms in an at-risk patient. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for patient's survival.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1156523324000416/pdfft?md5=10d9c247174ade6c70115a79888e49ac&pid=1-s2.0-S1156523324000416-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mycobiome affects viral susceptibility of skin epithelium","authors":"Liam F. Peterson ,&nbsp;Lisa A. Beck ,&nbsp;Matthew G. Brewer","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101499","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Co-occurrence of dermatophyte infection and ichthyosis: A report of 3 cases","authors":"Elisabetta Magnaterra,&nbsp;Elisa M. Difonzo,&nbsp;Manfredi Magliulo,&nbsp;Samantha F. Berti,&nbsp;Massimo Gola,&nbsp;Luigi Pisano","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dermatophyte infections frequently pose diagnostic challenges, especially when occurring alongside ichthyosis, a genetic skin disorder characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin. This case series outlines three cases where dermatophyte infections overlapped with ichthyosis, emphasizing the complexities in clinical identification and differential diagnosis. Atypical clinical presentations in these cases led to initial misdiagnoses. Ichthyosis, a genetic skin disorder characterized by thickened and scaly skin, creates an environment conducive to dermatophyte settlement, complicating the diagnostic process. The cases highlight the importance of considering fungal infections, even when clinical features deviate from the expected course. A vigilant diagnostic approach, including mycological examinations, is crucial for accurate identification and timely management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive phaeohyphomycosis co-infection with Alternaria spp. and Curvularia spp. in a neutropenic host","authors":"Anna Sikora ,&nbsp;Jeffrey Johnson ,&nbsp;Ana Velez ,&nbsp;John Greene","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phaeohyphomycoses are infections caused by dark-walled dematiaceous fungi. <em>Alternaria</em> and <em>Curvularia</em> are two genera of dematiaceous molds known to cause invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Co-infection with two dematiaceous fungi is rarely reported in the literature. This report describes a case of biopsy proven invasive fungal rhinosinusitis with <em>Alternaria</em> spp. and <em>Curvularia</em> spp. co-infection in a neutropenic host. The infection characteristics, microbiologic findings, and treatment are described.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymptomatic colonization of stray dogs and domestic cats with Trichophyton mentagrophytes II* in Northern Iran","authors":"Vahid Oladzad ,&nbsp;Ayatollah Nasrollahi Omran ,&nbsp;Iman Haghani ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Nabili ,&nbsp;Jacques Guillot ,&nbsp;Seyedmojtaba Seyedmousavi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghi Hedayati","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Despite changes in the epidemiology of dermatophyte infections, the incidence of fungal infections associated with <em>Trichophyton</em> species still remains high among dogs and cats. The objective of the present study was to isolate and characterize dermatophytes from dogs and cats in Iran.</p></div><div><h3>Method:</h3><p>From December 2022 to May 2023, skin and hair samples were collected from symptomatic and asymptomatic cats and dogs in Mazandaran, a northern province of Iran. The samples were then inoculated into Mycosel™ Agar. Dermatophyte isolates were identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region. Antifungal susceptibility tests were conducted using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI-M38-A3).</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>Of the 250 samples collected (from 200 dogs and 50 cats), 20 (from 19 dogs and one cat) (8.0 %) were positive for dermatophyte growth. Based on sequence and phylogenetic analysis, all isolates belonged to <em>T. mentagrophytes</em> II*. Of these positive samples<em>,</em> 14 (70.0 %), 3 (15.0 %), 2 (10.0 %), and 1 (2.0 %) were isolated from asymptomatic stray dogs, symptomatic stray dogs, symptomatic domestic dogs, and symptomatic cats, respectively. Luliconazole and terbinafine displayed potent activity against all <em>T. mentagrophytes</em> isolates, with Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.016 µg/ml. Miconazole and griseofulvin demonstrated higher MIC (1 and 8 µg/ml).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The present study indicated that <em>T. mentagrophytes</em> II* asymptomatic carriage is frequent in stray dogs in Iran. The potential risk to public health needs to be evaluated However, <em>T. mentagrophytes</em> genotype VIII, considered as an endemic and emerging human pathogenic clone in several countries, was not detected during the present survey.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Easy-to-use imaging-cytometry assay to analyze chitin patterns in yeasts","authors":"Delphine Aldebert ,&nbsp;Bastien Suarez ,&nbsp;François Bettega ,&nbsp;Emilie Boucher ,&nbsp;Cecile Garnaud ,&nbsp;Muriel Cornet","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aim</h3><p>Pathogenic fungi are a major threat to public health, and fungal infections are becoming increasingly common and treatment resistant. Chitin, a component of the fungal cell wall, modifies host immunity and contributes to antifungal resistance. Moreover, chitin content is regulated by chitin synthases and chitinases. However, the specific roles and mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we developed a cytometric imaging assay to quantify chitin content and identify the distribution of chitin in the yeast cell wall.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The <em>Candida albicans</em> SC5314 and <em>Nakaseomyces glabratus (ex. C. glabrata)</em> ATCC2001 reference strains, as well as 106 clinical isolates, were used. Chitin content, distribution, and morphological parameters were analysed in 12 yeast species. Moreover, machine learning statistical software was used to evaluate the ability of the cytometric imaging assay to predict yeast species using the values obtained for these parameters.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our imaging-cytometry assay was repeatable, reproducible, and sensitive to variations in chitin content in <em>C. albicans</em> mutants or after antifungal stimulation. The evaluated parameters classified the yeast species into the correct clade with an accuracy of 85 %.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings demonstrate that this easy-to-use assay is an effective tool for the exploration of chitin content in yeast species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1156523324000349/pdfft?md5=4d8e2d51e08cad8a6ea5d5cce85d468f&pid=1-s2.0-S1156523324000349-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased terbinafine resistance among clinical genotypes of Trichophyton mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale species complex harboring squalene epoxidase gene mutations","authors":"Leila Zahedi Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi ,&nbsp;Zahra Salehi ,&nbsp;Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Terbinafine resistance has become epidemic as an emerging problem in treatment of dermatohpytosis. This could be attributed in part to a point mutation in the squalene epoxidase (<em>SQLE</em>) gene. In this study, point mutations in the <em>SQLE</em> gene were studied in <em>T. rubrum</em> and <em>T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale</em> species complex as two main causative agents of dermatophytosis. Antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of <em>T. rubrum</em> (<em>n</em> = 27) and <em>T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale</em> (<em>n</em> = 56) was assessed using the M38–3rd edition CLSI method. The <em>SQLE</em> gene and <em>ITS</em> region were sequenced for all the fungal strains, and the mutation sites and genotypes of the terbinafine-resistant strains were characterized. The results demonstrated that, in <em>T. rubrum</em>, the minimum inhibitory concentration of terbinafine (MIC₅₀ and MIC₉₀) was 0.03 μg/ml, and the geometric mean (G mean) concentration was 0.02. For the <em>T. mentagrophytes</em> complex, the MIC₅₀ and MIC₉₀ were 0.03 and 1.0 μg/ml, respectively, and the G mean concentration was 0.04 μg/ml. Four out of the five resistant strains were <em>T. indotineae</em> harboring the F397L and Q408L mutations, while the last one was <em>T. mentagrophytes</em> genotype VII, which harbors the F397L mutation. <em>T. indotineae</em> was the prominent causative agent of terbinafine resistance, with 80 % of the isolates, and <em>T. mentagrophytes</em> genotype VII was introduced as a new genotype in the terbinafine-resistant <em>T. mentagrophytes</em> complex. Our findings further substantiate the importance of antifungal susceptibility testing in selecting the choice of drug for effective treatment of dermatophytosis and highlight the importance of screening dermatophyte species for point mutations responsible for newly developed resistant strains to improve the current knowledge of overcoming infections caused by resistant species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141396869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal efficacy and immunomodulatory effect of PLGA nanoparticle-encapsulated itraconazole in histoplasmosis in vivo model","authors":"Susana P. Mejía ,&nbsp;Daniela López ,&nbsp;Luz Elena Cano ,&nbsp;Julián D. Muñoz ,&nbsp;Jahir Orozco ,&nbsp;Tonny W. Naranjo","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><em>Histoplasma capsulatum</em> is the etiological agent of histoplasmosis, the most common endemic pulmonary mycosis. Itraconazole (ITZ) is the choice for mild disease and a step-down therapy in severe and disseminated clinical presentations. Drug encapsulation into nanoparticles (NPs) is an alternative to improve drug solubility and bioavailability, reducing undesirable interactions and drug degradation and reaching the specific therapeutic target with lower doses.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>evaluate the antifungal and immunomodulatory effect of ITZ encapsulated into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs, administrated orally and intraperitoneally in an <em>in vivo</em> histoplasmosis model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After intranasal infection and treatment of animals with encapsulated ITZ by intraperitoneal and oral route, fungal burden control, biodistribution, immune response, and histopathology were evaluated. The results showed that the intraperitoneal administered and encapsulated ITZ has an effective antifungal effect, significantly reducing the Colony-Forming-Units (CFU) after the first doses and controlling the infection dissemination, with a higher concentration in the liver, spleen, and lung compared to the oral treatment. In addition, it produced a substantial immunomodulatory effect on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and immune cell infiltrates confirmed by histopathology.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Overall, results suggest a synergistic effect of the encapsulated drug and the immunomodulatory effect contributing to infection control, preventing their dissemination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1156523324000350/pdfft?md5=241e970230a8807799ba4dc0e3213e33&pid=1-s2.0-S1156523324000350-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141412520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of fungal exposure in the homes of patients with hematologic malignancies","authors":"Marc Sautour ,&nbsp;Adrien Guilloteau ,&nbsp;Stéphane Valot ,&nbsp;Louise Basmaciyan ,&nbsp;Eloise Bailly ,&nbsp;Nathalie Sixt ,&nbsp;Jennifer Tetu ,&nbsp;Ingrid Lafon ,&nbsp;Denis Caillot ,&nbsp;Frédéric Dalle","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Patients with hematological malignancies are at a high risk of developing invasive fungal infections (IFI) because they undergo several cycles of treatment leading to episodes of neutropenia. In addition, they alternate between hospital stays and periods spent at home. Thus, when an IFI is diagnosed during their hospital stays, it is highly challenging to identify the origin of the fungal contamination. The objective of this study was to analyze at home fungal exposure of 20 patients with leukemia by taking air and water samples in their living residence.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Air was sampled in 3 rooms of each home with a portable air system impactor. Tap water was collected at 3 water distribution points of each home. For positive samples, fungi were identified by mass spectrometry or on the basis of their morphological features.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>85 % of homes revealed the presence in air of <em>Aspergillus</em> spp. and those belonging to the section <em>Fumigati</em> presented the highest concentrations and the greatest frequency of isolation. Concerning mucorales, <em>Rhizopus</em> spp. and <em>Mucor</em> spp. were isolated in air of 20 % and 5 % of dwellings, respectively. In 4 homes, more than 70 % of the fungal species identified in air were potential opportunists; these were mainly <em>Aspergillus</em> spp. with concentrations greater than 20 cfu/m³. The water samples revealed the presence of <em>Fusarium</em> in 3 dwellings, with concentrations up to 80 cfu/L. Finally, for one patient, fungal species isolated during a period of hospitalization were phenotypically similar to those isolated in samples taken at home. For a second patient, a PCR Mucorale was positive on a sample of bronchoalveolar fluid while air samples taken at his home also revealed also the presence of mucorales.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The presence of opportunistic fungal species in the air of all the explored homes suggests the need for strengthened preventive measures in the home of immunocompromised patients. It would be interesting to compare the fungi isolated (from patients and from their environment) by genotyping studies aimed at specifying the correspondence existing between fungal species present in the patients’ homes and those responsible for IFI in the same patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141303827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel griseofulvin zinc nanohybrid emulsion for intensifying the antimicrobial control of dermatophytes and some opportunistic pathogens","authors":"Farag M. Mosallam ,&nbsp;Eman A. Helmy ,&nbsp;Hebatallah A. Nasser ,&nbsp;Ahmed I. El-Batal","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dermatophytosis is a critical sort of skin infection caused by dermatophytes. The long-term treatment of such skin infections may be improved through the application of nanotechnology. This study aimed to prepare griseofulvin zinc Nanohybrid emulsion (GF-Zn–NHE) to improve griseofulvin activity against dermatophytes and some opportunistic pathogenic yeasts and bacteria. The GF-Zn-NHE is prepared by ultra-homogenization ultra-sonication strategies and validated by UV–visible spectroscopy analysis that confirms presences of griseofulvin and Zn-NPs peaks at 265 and 360 nm, respectively. The GF-Zn-NHE has mean distribution size 50 nm and zeta potential in the range from -40 to -36 mV with no significant changes in size distribution and particle size within 120 day ageing. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum confirmed the presence of griseofulvin and Zn-NPs stretching vibration peaks. Gamma ray has a negative influence on GF-Zn-NE production and stability. GF-Zn-NHE drug release 95% up to 24 h and 98% up to 72 h of GF was observed and Zinc 90% up to 24 h and 95% up to 72 h, respectively. High antimicrobial activity was observed with GF-Zn–NHE against dermatophytic pathogens in compare with GF, GF-NE, zinc nitrate and ketoconazole with inhibition zone ranged from 14 to 36 mm. The results have shown that the MIC value for <em>Cryptococcus neoformans, Prophyromonas gingivalis</em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> is 0.125 mg ml ⁻¹ and for <em>Trichophyton rubrum, L. bulgaricus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em> value is 0.25 mg ml ⁻¹ and for <em>Candida albicans, Malassezia furfur</em> and <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> is 0.5 mg ml ⁻¹ and finally 1 mg ml ⁻¹ for <em>Streptococcus mutans</em>. TEM of treated <em>Cryptococcus neoformans</em> cells with GF-Zn-NHE displayed essentially modified morphology, degradation, damage of organelles, vacuoles and other structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 101489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141397826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}