Journal fur Hirnforschung最新文献_第6页

Topographical distribution of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in the cat's inferior colliculus. 猫下丘NADPH-diaphorase阳性神经元的地理分布。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

A M Paloff, D V Hinova-Palova

引用次数: 0

The distribution of nitric oxide synthase-I and NADPH-diaphorase containing neurons in the cerebral cortex of different strains of mice and its association with learning and memory. 不同品系小鼠大脑皮层一氧化氮合酶- 1和nadph -脱氢酶神经元的分布及其与学习记忆的关系

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

E Oermann, H J Bidmon, A Schleicher, B Mayer, H Schwegler, K Zilles

{"title":"The distribution of nitric oxide synthase-I and NADPH-diaphorase containing neurons in the cerebral cortex of different strains of mice and its association with learning and memory.","authors":"E Oermann, H J Bidmon, A Schleicher, B Mayer, H Schwegler, K Zilles","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the distribution of nitric oxide synthase-I (NOS-I) containing neurons within the neocortex of inbred mice belonging to the Balb/c, NMRI and DBA/2 strains which differ in learning and memory performance. The NOS-I positive neurons were detected immunohistochemically with antibodies against NOS-I and enzyme histochemically using their NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) activity. The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of cortical NADPH-d and NOS-I containing neurons revealed that more than 95% of these cells contained both enzymes. Therefore, we combined the NADPH-d with the WFA-staining to evaluate and parcellate at one section. The specific differences in learning and memory tasks of the three mouse strains have been tested in previous studies. Our investigation test the hypothesis that differences in various aspects of eight-arm radial maze learning are associated with differences in the density of NOS-I positive neurons in cytoarchitectonically and functionally identified cortical areas. We found an increased density of NADPH-d neurons within the whole neocortex in the DBA/2 strain, which reached a lower learning score than the Balb/c and NMRI strains. Significantly higher densities of NADPH-d neurons appeared in the areas of the gustatory cortex, the piriform cortex, the entorhinal cortex and in area 1 of the temporal cortex in DBA/2 mice. A negative correlation exists between the learning scores and the number of NADPH-d positive neurons. If NOS-I activity influences spatial learning as determined in the eight-arm radial maze, the areas with strongly elevated NADPH-d positive neurons may demarcate task-related cortical areas affected in mice with a reduced learning capacity.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 1","pages":"65-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20589893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Localization of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase reactivity and nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity in the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia in guinea pigs. 豚鼠腰骶背根神经节内烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸二磷酸酶反应性和一氧化氮合酶免疫反应性的定位。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

Y Zhou, P O Mack, E A Ling

{"title":"Localization of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase reactivity and nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity in the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia in guinea pigs.","authors":"Y Zhou, P O Mack, E A Ling","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the distribution of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH-d) reactivity and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunoreactivity in the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in male guinea pigs. A differential distribution of NADPH-d reactivity and NOS immunoreactivity was detected in neurons of DRG at different segmental levels. There were numerically more intensely stained NADPH-d and NOS reactive cells in the rostral (L1-L3) DRG compared with those at the caudal (L6-S4) levels. In the corresponding DRG, NADPH-d reactivity was not paralleled by NOS immunoreactivity. This was evidenced by the wide distribution of afferent neurons in the lumbosacral DRG stained for NADPH-d, yet only a small number of them exhibited NOS immunoreactivity. Double labelling study has shown that some of the NADPH-d positive neurons were NOS negative. Ultrastructurally, NADPH-d reaction product was associated with the membranes of various subcellular organelles, including the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER), Golgi saccules, mitochondria and some segments of the nuclear envelop, whereas NOS immune-precipitate was patchily distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Present results suggest that nitric oxide (NO) may function as a neurotransmitter in the afferent pathways at lumbosacral segments. On the other hand, in view of their marked disparity in numbers and the lack of total one-to-one correspondence, it seems likely that the NOS positive neurons represent only a subpopulation of the NADPH-d positive cells in the lumbosacral DRG.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 2","pages":"119-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20897227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Projections from dorsomedial part of the subnucleus oralis to the mesencephalic trigeminal neurons innervating the masseter muscle--a PHA-L and HRP double labeling study in the rat. 大鼠口腔亚核背内侧向支配咬肌的中脑三叉神经的投射——PHA-L和HRP双标记研究。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

J D Zhang

{"title":"Projections from dorsomedial part of the subnucleus oralis to the mesencephalic trigeminal neurons innervating the masseter muscle--a PHA-L and HRP double labeling study in the rat.","authors":"J D Zhang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"When PHA-L was injected to dorsomedial part of the subnucleus oralis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus (Vodm), anterogradely labeled varicosities and boutons were observed in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Vme). The PHA-L labeling was seen mainly in the Vine ipsilateral to the injection side. If the injection sites were placed more medially containing both Vodm and parvocellular reticular nucleus (PCRt), more PHA-L labeling in contralateral Vme was observed. It appeared that the Vodm neurons projected predominantly to the ipsilateral Vme, while neurons in the PCRt adjacent to the Vodm projected bilaterally to the Vme. It was also seen that many PHA-L labeled varicosities and boutons surrounded or contacted on the Vme neurons counterstained with cresyl violet. These contacts were seen frequently in the ipsilateral Vme, occasionally in the contralateral nucleus. Some Vme neurons ipsilateral to the injection side were retrogradely labeled in a solidly-filled appearance following injection of PHA-L into the Vodm. When PHA-L was applied to the Vodm and HRP was injected to the masseter nerve on the same side, the relationship between PHA-L labeled terminals and HRP labeled Vme neurons was studied. The contacts between PHA-L labeled boutons and HRP labeled somata or processes of the Vme neurons were observed occasionally. PHA-L labeled terminals sometimes contacted on none-HRP-labeled somata counterstained with neutral red. Besides the PHA-L labeling in the Vme, the labeling was also seen in the medial parabrachial nucleus ipsilaterally, in the motor trigeminal nucleus bilaterally with ipsilateral predominance. In addition, an outstanding labeling band along the medial border of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus (Vp) was observed following injection of PHA-L into the Vodm. The labeled terminals were concentrated in dorsomedial part of the Vp (Vpdm) and in juxtatrigeminal nucleus (JX), meanwhile many labeled fibres were distributed between the Vpdm and JX in the intertrigeminal region.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 1","pages":"55-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20589892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distribution of gap junctions in the chicken retina. 鸡视网膜间隙连接的分布。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

T Ladewig, W Hanke, M Goldermann, A C Guimaraes de Almeida, V M Fernandes de Lima

{"title":"Distribution of gap junctions in the chicken retina.","authors":"T Ladewig, W Hanke, M Goldermann, A C Guimaraes de Almeida, V M Fernandes de Lima","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Coupling between cells of neuronal tissue can be due to electrical or chemical synapses. The molecular basis of an electrical synapse is the gap junction channel. Gap junctions have been found between neurones and glial cells, however, in some tissue their presence in the membranes of different cell types is still under discussion. In the retina of vertebrates, which is a true part of the CNS, the presence of gap junctions in the specialised glial cells of the retina, the Müller cells is not clear for chicken. Since these cells span the whole retina vertically, for some tasks, like spatial buffering of potassium, such gap junctions would not be required, in contrast to other parts of the CNS. The spatial buffering of potassium among others plays an important role in the propagation of excitation-depression waves in neuronal tissue, especially in the chicken retina. However, gap junctions could be involved in creating an electrical syncitium of glial cells, which might also contribute to excitation-depression wave propagation. In this paper we present an about complete screening of the presence of gap junctions in the chicken retina, including the proof that the Müller cells of this retina do not have gap junctions. This finding is discussed considering the highly specialised morphological structure of the Müller cells of the chicken retina, which have an extremely extended endfeet tree.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 1","pages":"77-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20589894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuronal organization of the spinal cord in the red stingray (Dasyatis akajei: chondrichthyes). 红黄貂鱼脊髓的神经元组织。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

N Iwahori, T Kawawaki, J Baba

{"title":"Neuronal organization of the spinal cord in the red stingray (Dasyatis akajei: chondrichthyes).","authors":"N Iwahori, T Kawawaki, J Baba","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The neuronal organization of the spinal cord in red stingray was studied using the rapid Golgi method. The gray matter of the spinal cord was divided into seven laminae: RS-I, RS-II, RS-III, RS-IV, RS-V, RS-VI and RS-VII. RS-I is cell dense lamina which occupies the major part of the dorsal horn and corresponds to laminae I and II of the spinal cord of mammals, birds and reptiles. The neurons of the lamina I are interspersed with those of lamina II, without forming a discrete lamina. RS-II is located at the base of the dorsal horn and is considered to correspond to the nucleus proprius. RS-III and IV form the intermediate zone and are highly reticulated. A few neurons of various shapes and sizes are distributed among the numerous fibers. The nuclei such as the intermediolateral, intermediomedial or Clarke's nucleus cannot be identified in the intermediate zone. RS-V and VI constitute the ventral horn. RS-V occupies the major part of the ventral horn and contains motoneurons which are distributed diffusely, without forming any distinct cell groups. RS-VI is located in the ventromedial part of the ventral horn, contains commissural neurons and correspond to lamina VIII. RS-VII is a small area surrounding the central canal and corresponds to lamina X. Thus, while the major features of the spinal cord of the red stingray can be correlated with those of the spinal cord of mammals, birds and reptiles, the neuronal organization of the spinal cord of the red stingray remains in an undifferentiated state.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 1","pages":"103-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20589897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of acute lidocaine administration on the rat prosencephalic enkephalinergic system. 急性给药利多卡因对大鼠前脑脑能系统的影响。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

J M de Gandarias, E Echevarria, R Serrano, M Silio, J L Maza, L Casis

引用次数: 0

Volumetric comparison of auditory brain nuclei in ear-tufted Araucanas with those in other chicken breeds. 耳丛鸡与其他鸡种的脑听核体积比较。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

H D Frahm, G Rehkämper

引用次数: 0

Effects of dexamethasone on antigen expressions and proliferation of amoeboid microglial cells in fetal rat brain. 地塞米松对胎鼠脑内阿米巴样小胶质细胞抗原表达及增殖的影响。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

C C Wang, C H Wu, J Y Shieh, C Y Wen, E A Ling

{"title":"Effects of dexamethasone on antigen expressions and proliferation of amoeboid microglial cells in fetal rat brain.","authors":"C C Wang, C H Wu, J Y Shieh, C Y Wen, E A Ling","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined the effect of maternal administration of dexamethasone (DEX) on amoeboid microglial cells (AMC) in fetal rats extending from 16 to 20 days postconception (E16 to E20). After an intraperitoneal injection of DEX into pregnant rats at E10, the external morphology and distribution of immunolabelled AMC as detected with OX-42 and ED1 monoclonal antibodies remained unaltered when compared with those of the controls. The major effect of dexamethasone was on microglial cell population. Thus, with OX-42 and ED1, the numbers of immunolabelled AMC in the intermediate zone lateral to the striatum (IZS) of DEX-treated fetuses which remained relatively unchanged at E16 were significantly reduced at E18. However, OX-42 labelled cells showed an unexpected increase in number at E20 following DEX treatment. Microglial response to DEX was also analyzed in sections stained with the isolectin, GSA I-B4, which specifically binds alpha-D-galactosyl glycoproteins on microglia. The number of GSA I-B4 labelled AMC was significantly increased at E16, declined at E18 and remained constant thereafter in DEX-treated rats when compared with that of the controls. A major finding after DEX treatment was the wider occurrence of AMC double labelled with anti-BrdU antibody and GSA I-B4 or OX-42 at E16 compared with those in the controls suggesting that the initial increase of GSA I-B4 labelled AMC may be attributed to their proliferation. The drastic reduction of OX-42 and ED1 positive microglial cells notably at E18 may be due to the downregulation of surface antigens as a result of possible suppressive action of dexamethasone. On the basis of present findings, it is concluded that the antigenic expressions of fetal AMC may be modulated by DEX administrated maternally. Such however appeared to be extremely selective as reflected by the varied expression for certain immune molecules at different stages of brain development. This information would be useful in potential use of glucocorticoids in prenatal therapy of brain pathology via maternal circulation.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 2","pages":"207-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamics of granule cells migration into the internal granular layer in developing human cerebellum. 人小脑发育过程中颗粒细胞向内部颗粒层迁移的动力学。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

R Gudović, B Milutinović, D Ristanović

{"title":"Dynamics of granule cells migration into the internal granular layer in developing human cerebellum.","authors":"R Gudović, B Milutinović, D Ristanović","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of these investigations was to find out the dynamics of migration of granule cells into the internal granular layer in three different parts of cerebellar cortex. The dynamics of changes was followed in vermis, in lateral hemispheres and in flocculus. For that purpose, 25 fetal brains of different postovulatory age (12.5, 15, 17.5, 19.5, 21, 31 week and one brain of 6 days old newborn) were fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin, than stained with Cresyl violet and cut in 6, 15 and 30 microm. Each fifth slice was analyzed using the light microscope and numerical density of granule cell nuclei was established by point counting method according to Weibel. Results show a steady increase of the granule cell population in the internal granular layer of all regions investigated, being still greater in vermis and in hemispheres. This increase in the cell number lasted during the whole period of intrauterine development. Moreover, according to the trend of the curves, the increase of the cell number continues even after the birth, suggesting that at least some synaptic connections of granule cells are not established yet. For each region the adequate mathematical model of migration dynamics was calculated.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 2","pages":"223-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0