Journal fur Hirnforschung最新文献_第5页

Distribution of SPR-like immunoreactivity in the medullary visceral zone of the rat and changes following acute myocardial ischemia induced by intravenous injection of vasopressin. 静脉注射加压素急性心肌缺血后大鼠髓质内脏区spr样免疫反应性的分布及变化。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

W Gao, H Liu, Z Rao, G Ju

引用次数: 0

Temporal changes of preproenkephalin mRNA and leu-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in the neurons of the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus and upper cervical cord after noxious stimuli. 脑啡肽前体mRNA和左脑啡肽样免疫反应在三叉神经脊髓尾核和上颈髓神经元中的时间变化。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

S X Wu, Y Q Li, J W Shi

{"title":"Temporal changes of preproenkephalin mRNA and leu-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in the neurons of the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus and upper cervical cord after noxious stimuli.","authors":"S X Wu, Y Q Li, J W Shi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The changing levels of preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNA expression and leu-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity (L-ENK-LI) in the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus (Vc) and the upper cervical cord subsequent to subcutaneous injection of formalin into orofacial region were examined using in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Formalin injection resulted in a significant increase in the number of neurons expressing PPE mRNA in the superficial (laminae I-II) and deep (lamina V) layers of the ipsilateral Vc and the first cervical cord (C1). The expression of PPE mRNA increased 2 h and 4 h after formalin injection in the neurons of deep layer and superficial layers of the Vc, respectively. An increased expression of PPE gene could still be observed 48 h after formalin injection. The PPE mRNA expression in the neurons of the C1 had similar temporal changes as in the Vc. In parallel, the L-ENK-LI did not show any significant changes in the Vc and C1. These results indicate that peripheral noxious stimulation trans-synapticaly activates the expression of PPE gene in the neurons of the Vc and C1 and suggest that enkephallin (ENK) plays an important role in the processing and modulation of the oroficial noxious stimulation.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 2","pages":"217-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nitric oxide and Alzheimer's disease. 一氧化氮和阿尔茨海默病

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

H J Lüth, T Arendt

引用次数: 0

The size of the middle temporal area in primates. 灵长类动物中间颞区的大小。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

H D Frahm, K Zilles, A Schleicher, H Stephan

{"title":"The size of the middle temporal area in primates.","authors":"H D Frahm, K Zilles, A Schleicher, H Stephan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in the size of the lateral geniculate body and the primary visual cortex from prosimians to apes and man reflects at an anatomical level the importance of the visual system in primates. In the prestriate cortex visual modalities are processed separately in specialized pathways and areas. This arrangement facilitates the allometric analysis of cortical areas subserving defined visual modalities. Its heavy myelination makes the middle temporal area, a visual cortical field specialized for the detection of moving stimuli, an easily detectable and reliably delineable area in histological sections. The size and position of the middle temporal area can therefore be compared between species, in order to collect quantitative data about the development of a defined visual submodality during primate evolution. The volume of the middle temporal area was measured in 27 primate species. Allometric comparisons show that the middle temporal area is larger in simians than in most prosimians. In Callitrichidae, both the middle temporal area and the striate cortex are well developed. In cebids and cercopithecids, however, the sizes of the middle temporal area and primary visual cortex show divergent trends. Whereas the striate cortex is still enlarging, the size of the middle temporal area is reduced as compared to callitrichids. Previous studies have revealed a close correlation between area striata and neocortex sizes, as well as area striata and lateral geniculate sizes. Such a close correlation does not exist for the middle temporal area versus neocortex or area striata. Therefore, the size of a visual structure serving a special submodality (e.g., the middle temporal area for the detection of moving stimuli) may develop in a species relatively independently from the lateral geniculate and primary visual cortex sizes.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 1","pages":"45-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20590624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reversible in vivo phosphorylation of tau induced by okadaic acid and by unspecific brain lesion in rat. 冈田酸和非特异性脑损伤诱导大鼠体内tau蛋白可逆磷酸化。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

C Janke, U Gärtner, M Holzer, T Arendt

引用次数: 0

Neuronal organization of the olfactory bulb in the hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri: a Golgi study. 盲鳗嗅球的神经元组织:高尔基研究。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

N Iwahori, J Baba, T Kawawaki

{"title":"Neuronal organization of the olfactory bulb in the hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri: a Golgi study.","authors":"N Iwahori, J Baba, T Kawawaki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The neuronal organization of the olfactory bulb (OB) in the hagfish (Eptatretus burgeri) was studied using the rapid Golgi method. Cytologically, two groups of cells, the mitral and stellate cells, were discernible in the OB. Cytoarchitecturally, the OB showed a distinct laminar structure. From the periphery inward, the following four strata were distinguished: the stratum nervosum, stratum glomerulosum, stratum mitrale and stratum stellatum. Olfactory fibers from the olfactory epithelium reach the rostral aspect of the OB and form the stratum nervosum. The olfactory fibers run deeply in the OB, enter the stratum glomerulosum and terminate in the olfactory glomeruli which are arranged in three to four rows. Numerous mitral and a few stellate cells are distributed in periglomerular areas. The dendrites of the mitral cells terminate in one to two glomeruli in tufted terminals, while those of the stellate cells are distributed in periglomerular areas. The stratum mitrale also consists of mitral and stellate cells. The mitral cells in this stratum extend long dendrites to 4-5 widely separated glomeruli and generate axons traveling caudally. The dendrites of the stellate cells are long and are distributed in the stratum glomerulosum and stratum stellatum, as well as within the stratum mitrale. The stratum stellatum occupies a narrow caudal area and consists mainly of stellate cells extending long dendrites to the stratum stellatum and stratum mitrale.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 2","pages":"161-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20897232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Divergent axon collaterals projection from neurones of the pontine nuclei to the cerebellar paramedian lobule in the rabbit: a fluorescent double labelling study. 兔脑桥核神经元向小脑旁小叶发散轴突侧枝投射:荧光双标记研究。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

L Zguczyński

引用次数: 0

Development of neuroventricular cells into ocular pigment cells in embryonic chick eyes: morphometrical and electrophysiological observations. 胚胎鸡眼神经室细胞向眼色素细胞的发育:形态学和电生理观察。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

E Buse, R Jürgens

引用次数: 0

Müller (glial) cell development in vivo and in retinal explant cultures: morphology and electrophysiology, and the effects of elevated ammonia. 神经胶质细胞在体内和视网膜外植体培养中的发育:形态学和电生理，以及氨升高的影响。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

A Bringmann, H Kuhrt, A Germer, B Biedermann, A Reichenbach

{"title":"Müller (glial) cell development in vivo and in retinal explant cultures: morphology and electrophysiology, and the effects of elevated ammonia.","authors":"A Bringmann, H Kuhrt, A Germer, B Biedermann, A Reichenbach","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Retinal explant cultures have been established as a useful tool to study both the normal development of the mammalian retina and the effects of pathogenic agents. We used such cultures as a model for the (ammonia-induced) hepatic retinopathy, earlier observed in humans with chronical liver failure, and ascribed to a breakdown of Müller (glial) cell function. In the explant cultures, one day exposure to elevated (7 mM) ammonia was sufficient to cause Müller cell reactivity as indicated by increasing immunopositivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein. After 4 days in elevated ammonia, the Müller cells were severely deformed, the layered structure of the retinae became disorganized, and significant neuronal cell death occurred. Using whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings, the expression of K+ channels was compared in Müller cells isolated from retinae of rabbits at postnatal days 9 to 12 and from neonatal explants cultured for 9 to 12 days, respectively. Müller glial cells grown both in vivo and in vitro express the same set of K+ channels in their membranes: (i) inwardly rectifying K+ (K(IR)) channels which were selectively blocked by Ba2+ ions; (ii) large-conductance, Ca2+-activated K+ (BK(Ca)) channels which were blocked by iberiotoxin and were activated by phloretin; and (iii) delayed rectifying voltage-gated K+ channels. The presence of K(IR) channels indicates successful differentiation of the Müller cells grown in vitro, as these channels are not expressed in cells from neonatal animals. Four days of elevated ammonia in the culture medium caused a complete loss of K(IR) channels in Müller cell membranes, and a significant decrease of the membrane potential. The results indicate that in hepatic retinopathy, the well-known morphological and enzymatical alterations of Müller glial cells may be accompanied by changes in their membrane permeability for K+.","PeriodicalId":14790,"journal":{"name":"Journal fur Hirnforschung","volume":"39 2","pages":"193-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aberrant morphology of Müller glial cells in retinas of a microphthalmic mouse strain. 小眼小鼠视网膜中神经胶质细胞的异常形态。

Journal fur Hirnforschung Pub Date : 1998-01-01

H Hilbig, E Brylla, F M Berger, D Reissig

引用次数: 0