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Oxygen-carrying nanoemulsions and respiratory hyperoxia eliminate tumor hypoxia-induced immunosuppression.
IF 6.3 1区 医学
JCI insight Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174675
Katarina Halpin-Veszeleiova, Michael P Mallouh, Lucy M Williamson, Ashley C Apro, Nuria R Botticello-Romero, Camille Bahr, Maureen Shin, Kelly M Ward, Laura Rosenberg, Vladimir B Ritov, Michail V Sitkovsky, Edwin K Jackson, Bruce D Spiess, Stephen M Hatfield
{"title":"Oxygen-carrying nanoemulsions and respiratory hyperoxia eliminate tumor hypoxia-induced immunosuppression.","authors":"Katarina Halpin-Veszeleiova, Michael P Mallouh, Lucy M Williamson, Ashley C Apro, Nuria R Botticello-Romero, Camille Bahr, Maureen Shin, Kelly M Ward, Laura Rosenberg, Vladimir B Ritov, Michail V Sitkovsky, Edwin K Jackson, Bruce D Spiess, Stephen M Hatfield","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.174675","DOIUrl":"10.1172/jci.insight.174675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypoxia/hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-driven immunosuppressive transcription and cAMP-elevating signaling through A2A adenosine receptors (A2ARs) represent a major tumor-protecting pathway that enables immune evasion. Recent promising clinical outcomes due to the blockade of the adenosine-generating enzyme CD73 and A2AR in patients refractory to all other therapies have confirmed the importance of targeting hypoxia-adenosinergic signaling. We report a feasible approach to target the upstream stage of hypoxia-adenosinergic immunosuppression using an oxygen-carrying nanoemulsion (perfluorocarbon blood substitute). We show that oxygenation agent therapy (a) eliminates tumor hypoxia, (b) improves efficacy of endogenously developed and adoptively transferred T cells, and thereby (c) promotes regression of tumors in different anatomical locations. We show that both T cells and NK cells avoid hypoxic tumor areas and that reversal of hypoxia by oxygenation agent therapy increases intratumoral infiltration of activated T cells and NK cells due to reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Thus, repurposing oxygenation agents in combination with supplemental oxygen may improve current cancer immunotherapies by preventing hypoxia-adenosinergic suppression, promoting immune cell infiltration and enhancing effector responses. These data also suggest that pretreating patients with oxygenation agent therapy may reprogram the TME from immunosuppressive to immune-permissive prior to adoptive cell therapy, or other forms of immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14722,"journal":{"name":"JCI insight","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Piperlongumine overcomes osimertinib resistance via governing ubiquitination-modulated Sp1 turnover.
IF 6.3 1区 医学
JCI insight Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.186165
Ruirui Wang, Qiang Wang, Jinzhuang Liao, Xinfang Yu, Wei Li
{"title":"Piperlongumine overcomes osimertinib resistance via governing ubiquitination-modulated Sp1 turnover.","authors":"Ruirui Wang, Qiang Wang, Jinzhuang Liao, Xinfang Yu, Wei Li","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.186165","DOIUrl":"10.1172/jci.insight.186165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and its incidence has been increasing in recent years. While targeted therapies like osimertinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, have brought about notable improvements in patient outcomes for advanced NSCLC, the challenge of acquired drug resistance persists. Here, we found that cellular mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) was highly expressed in osimertinib-resistant cells, and depletion of c-Met markedly inhibited the growth of osimertinib-resistant cells ex vivo and in vivo, suggesting that c-Met is a potential target to address osimertinib resistance. Through a screening process using a natural product compound library, we identified piperlongumine as a potent inhibitor to overcome osimertinib resistance. Furthermore, the combined treatment of piperlongumine and osimertinib exhibited robust antitumor effects in resistant cells, partially restoring their sensitivity to osimertinib. Additionally, we discovered that piperlongumine could enhance the interaction between E3 ligase RNF4 and Sp1, inhibit the phosphorylation of Sp1 at Thr739, facilitate the ubiquitination and degradation of Sp1, lead to c-Met destabilization, and trigger intrinsic apoptosis in resistant cells. In summary, our study sheds light on the potential of piperlongumine in overcoming osimertinib resistance, offering new strategies and perspectives for the clinical management of drug-resistant NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14722,"journal":{"name":"JCI insight","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A toxic gain of function variant in MAPK8IP3 provides novel insights into JIP3 cellular roles.
IF 6.3 1区 医学
JCI insight Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.187199
Wei Zhang, Swapnil Mittal, Ria Thomas, Anahid Foroughishafiei, Ricardo Nunes Bastos, Wendy K Chung, Konstantina Skourti-Stathaki, Stanley T Crooke
{"title":"A toxic gain of function variant in MAPK8IP3 provides novel insights into JIP3 cellular roles.","authors":"Wei Zhang, Swapnil Mittal, Ria Thomas, Anahid Foroughishafiei, Ricardo Nunes Bastos, Wendy K Chung, Konstantina Skourti-Stathaki, Stanley T Crooke","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.187199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.187199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 interacting protein 3 (MAPK8IP3/JIP3) is a member of the kinesin family known to play a role in axonal transport of cargo. Mutations in the gene have been linked to severe neurodevelopmental disorders, resulting in developmental delay, intellectual disability, ataxia, tremor, autism, seizures, and visual impairment. A patient who has a missense mutation in the MAPK8IP3 gene (c. 1714 C>T, Arg578Cys) (R578C) manifests dystonia, gross motor delay and developmental delay. Here we show that the mutation is a toxic gain of function mutation which alters the interactome of JIP3, disrupts axonal transport of late endosomes, increases signaling via c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), resulting in apoptosis, and disrupts the dopamine receptor 1 (D1) signaling while not affecting the dopamine receptor 2 (D2) signaling. Further, in the presence of the mutant protein, we show that 80% reduction of mutant JIP3>80% and 60% reduction of wild-type JIP3 by non-allele selective phosphorothioate (PS)-modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) is well tolerated by several types of cells in vitro. Our study identifies several important new roles for JIP3 and provides important insights for therapeutic approaches, including antisense oligonucleotide reduction of JIP3.</p>","PeriodicalId":14722,"journal":{"name":"JCI insight","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A cardiac fibroblast-enriched micropeptide regulates inflammation in ischemia/reperfusion injury.
IF 6.3 1区 医学
JCI insight Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.187848
Youchen Yan, Tingting Zhang, Xin He, Tailai Du, Gang Dai, Xingfeng Xu, Zhuohui Chen, Jialing Wu, Huimin Zhou, Yazhi Peng, Yan Li, Chen Liu, Xinxue Liao, Yugang Dong, Jing-Song Ou, Zhan-Peng Huang
{"title":"A cardiac fibroblast-enriched micropeptide regulates inflammation in ischemia/reperfusion injury.","authors":"Youchen Yan, Tingting Zhang, Xin He, Tailai Du, Gang Dai, Xingfeng Xu, Zhuohui Chen, Jialing Wu, Huimin Zhou, Yazhi Peng, Yan Li, Chen Liu, Xinxue Liao, Yugang Dong, Jing-Song Ou, Zhan-Peng Huang","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.187848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.187848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammation is a critical pathological process in myocardial infarction. Although immunosuppressive therapies can mitigate inflammatory responses and improve outcomes in myocardial infarction, they also increase the risk of infections. Identifying novel regulators of local cardiac inflammation could provide safer therapeutic targets for myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. In this study, we identified a previously unknown micropeptide, which we named Inflammation Associated MicroPeptide (IAMP). IAMP is predominantly expressed in cardiac fibroblasts, and its expression is closely associated with cardiac inflammation. Down-regulation of IAMP promotes, whereas its overexpression prevents, the transformation of cardiac fibroblasts into a more inflammatory phenotype under stressed/stimulated conditions, as evidenced by changes in the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Consequently, loss of IAMP function leads to uncontrolled inflammation and worsens cardiac injury following ischemia/reperfusion surgery. Mechanistically, IAMP promotes the degradation of HIF-1α by interacting with its stabilizing partner HSP90, and thus suppresses the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes downstream of HIF-1α. This study underscores the significance of fibroblast-mediated inflammation in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury and highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting micropeptides for myocardial infarction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14722,"journal":{"name":"JCI insight","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The brain-body circuit mediates acute stress-induced anti-inflammatory reflex in bacterial cystitis by suppressing ILC2 activation.
IF 6.3 1区 医学
JCI insight Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.189362
Yaxiao Liu, Jinhua Wang, Junyang Lin, Dingqi Sun, Kejia Zhu, Tongxiang Diao, Qiang Fu, Qingyu Ren
{"title":"The brain-body circuit mediates acute stress-induced anti-inflammatory reflex in bacterial cystitis by suppressing ILC2 activation.","authors":"Yaxiao Liu, Jinhua Wang, Junyang Lin, Dingqi Sun, Kejia Zhu, Tongxiang Diao, Qiang Fu, Qingyu Ren","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.189362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.189362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most commonly encountered infections in clinical practice, in which psychological stress is a critical pathological contributor to modulate immune function. However, mechanistic pathways linking stress networks in the brain to bladder infection remain poorly understood. In this study, we discovered that acute stress treatment suppressed bladder inflammation in mice with UTIs, and a significant number of neurons showing overlap between inflammation-associated markers and retrograde labeling were observed in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) brain region of these mice. Activation of PVN alleviated UPEC-induced bladder inflammatory response. Moreover, blocked hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reversed the anti-inflammatory reflex mediated by acute stress, suggesting that the potential of glucocorticoids levels through the brain-body circuits to ameliorate UTIs. Single cell-RNAseq of bladder immune cells revealed that type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) expressed abundant levels of glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The activation of PVN effectively inhibited the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine Csf2 by ILC2 through direct regulation of cell-intrinsic glucocorticoids signaling. Ultimately, our study has implications for the positioning of brain-body circuit for UTIs treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14722,"journal":{"name":"JCI insight","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Circulating metabolite signatures indicate differential gut-liver crosstalk in lean and obese MASLD.
IF 6.3 1区 医学
JCI insight Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.180943
Mathias Haag, Stefan Winter, Aurino M Kemas, Julia Tevini, Alexandra Feldman, Sebastian K Eder, Thomas K Felder, Christian Datz, Bernhard Paulweber, Gerhard Liebisch, Oliver Burk, Volker M Lauschke, Elmar Aigner, Matthias Schwab
{"title":"Circulating metabolite signatures indicate differential gut-liver crosstalk in lean and obese MASLD.","authors":"Mathias Haag, Stefan Winter, Aurino M Kemas, Julia Tevini, Alexandra Feldman, Sebastian K Eder, Thomas K Felder, Christian Datz, Bernhard Paulweber, Gerhard Liebisch, Oliver Burk, Volker M Lauschke, Elmar Aigner, Matthias Schwab","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.180943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.180943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alterations in circulating metabolites have been described in obese metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but data on lean MASLD are lacking. We investigated serum metabolites, including microbial bile acids (BAs) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and their association with lean and obese MASLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum samples from 204 subjects of European descent were allocated to four groups: lean healthy (n=61), lean MASLD (n=49), obese healthy (n=47) and obese MASLD (n=47). LC/MS-based metabolomics was performed followed by linear model analysis. MASLD prediction was assessed based on LASSO regression. Functional effects of significantly altered molecules were confirmed in organotypic 3D primary human liver cultures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lean MASLD was characterized by elevated isobutyrate, along with higher methionine sulfoxide, propionate and phosphatidylcholines. Patients with obese MASLD had increased sarcosine and decreased lysine and asymmetric dimethylarginine. Using metabolites, sex and body mass index, MASLD vs. healthy could be predicted with a median AUC of 86.5% and 85.6% in the lean and obese subgroups, respectively. Functional experiments in organotypic 3D primary human liver cultures showed that propionate and isobutyrate induced lipid accumulation and altered expression of genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate that lean MASLD is characterized by a distinct metabolite pattern related to amino acid metabolism, lipids and SCFAs, while metabolic pathways of lipid accumulation are differentially activated by microbial metabolites. Our findings highlight an important role of microbial metabolites in MASLD pathogenesis, with implications for the predictive and mechanistic assessment of liver disease across different weight categories.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>The work received funding from the Robert Bosch Stiftung, Stuttgart, Germany, the Swedish Research Council [grant numbers 2021-02801, 2023-03015 and 2024-03401], the ERC Consolidator Grant 3DMASH [101170408], Ruth and Richard Julin Foundation for Gastroenterology [grant number 2021-00158], the SciLifeLab and Wallenberg National Program for Data-Driven Life Science [WASPDDLS22:006], and the Novo Nordisk Foundation [NNF23OC0085944 and NNF23OC0084420]. JT was supported by PMU-FFF [grant number E-18/28/148-FEL].</p>","PeriodicalId":14722,"journal":{"name":"JCI insight","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tape strip expression profiling of juvenile dermatomyositis skin reveals mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to disease endotype. 对幼年皮肌炎皮肤进行带状表达谱分析,发现线粒体功能障碍是导致疾病内型的原因。
IF 6.3 1区 医学
JCI insight Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.179875
Jessica L Turnier, Sarah Mh Vandenbergen, Madison E McClune, Christine Goudsmit, Sophia Matossian, Meredith Riebschleger, Nadine Saad, Jacqueline A Madison, Smriti Mohan, Johann E Gudjonsson, Lam C Tsoi, Celine C Berthier, J Michelle Kahlenberg
{"title":"Tape strip expression profiling of juvenile dermatomyositis skin reveals mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to disease endotype.","authors":"Jessica L Turnier, Sarah Mh Vandenbergen, Madison E McClune, Christine Goudsmit, Sophia Matossian, Meredith Riebschleger, Nadine Saad, Jacqueline A Madison, Smriti Mohan, Johann E Gudjonsson, Lam C Tsoi, Celine C Berthier, J Michelle Kahlenberg","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.179875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.179875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin inflammation in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) can signal disease onset or flare, and the persistence of cutaneous disease can prevent complete disease remission. The non-invasive study of cutaneous expression signatures through tape stripping (TS) holds the potential to reveal mechanisms underlying disease heterogeneity and organ-specific inflammation. The objectives of this study were to 1) define TS expression signatures in lesional and non-lesional JDM skin, 2) analyze TS signatures to identify JDM disease endotypes and 3) compare TS and blood signatures. While JDM lesional skin demonstrated interferon signaling as the top upregulated pathway, non-lesional skin uniquely highlighted pathways involved in metabolism, angiogenesis and calcium signaling. Both lesional and non-lesional skin shared inflammasome pathway dysregulation. Using unsupervised clustering of skin expression data, we identified a treatment-refractory JDM subgroup distinguished by upregulation of genes associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. The treatment-refractory JDM subgroup also demonstrated higher interferon, angiogenesis and innate immune expression scores in skin and blood, although scores were more pronounced in skin as compared to blood. Tape-stripping expression signatures in JDM provided insight into disease mechanisms and molecular subgroups. Skin, as compared to blood, transcriptional profiles served as more sensitive markers to classify disease subgroups and identify candidate treatment targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":14722,"journal":{"name":"JCI insight","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chronic pancreatitis in T7C140S mice with misfolding cationic trypsinogen mutant.
IF 6.3 1区 医学
JCI insight Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.186516
Máté Sándor, Balázs Csaba Németh, Alexandra Demcsák, Miklós Sahin-Tóth
{"title":"Chronic pancreatitis in T7C140S mice with misfolding cationic trypsinogen mutant.","authors":"Máté Sándor, Balázs Csaba Németh, Alexandra Demcsák, Miklós Sahin-Tóth","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.186516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.186516","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14722,"journal":{"name":"JCI insight","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anoctamin5 deficiency enhances ATG9A-dependent autophagy, inducing osteogenesis and gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia-like bone formation.
IF 6.3 1区 医学
JCI insight Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.189817
Shuai Zhang, Shengnan Wang, Sirui Liu, Xiu Liu, Mingyue Zhang, Huichong Xu, Xiaoyu Wang, Hongyu Li, Ying Hu
{"title":"Anoctamin5 deficiency enhances ATG9A-dependent autophagy, inducing osteogenesis and gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia-like bone formation.","authors":"Shuai Zhang, Shengnan Wang, Sirui Liu, Xiu Liu, Mingyue Zhang, Huichong Xu, Xiaoyu Wang, Hongyu Li, Ying Hu","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.189817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.189817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mutations in the anoctamin5 (ANO5) gene can lead to musculoskeletal disorders, with monoallelic (autosomal dominant) mutations typically presenting as skeletal abnormalities known as Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD). Clinically, GDD is characterized by thickened cortices of long bones and mandibles, narrowed medullary cavities, and increased bone fragility. While autophagy is necessary in regulating bone formation, the specific relationship between ANO5 and autophagy remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that Ano5 deficiency activates autophagy in mouse cranial osteoblasts (mCOBs), leading to enhanced osteogenic capacity in Ano5-/- mCOBs. The application of 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) and chloroquine (CQ) reversed the excessive osteogenesis observed in Ano5-/- mCOBs. Further analysis revealed that Ano5 deficiency upregulates the expression of ATG9A, and silencing ATG9A significantly reduces both autophagy and osteogenic activity in Ano5-/- mCOBs. Additionally, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was found to regulate ATG9A positively, and inhibiting AMPK reduced ATG9A expression, which in turn mitigated excessive osteogenesis of Ano5-/- mCOBs. Moreover, in vivo experiments confirmed that treatment with 3-MA alleviates the bone phenotype abnormalities in Ano5-/- mice. These findings suggest that Ano5 negatively regulates autophagy, contributing to illuminate pathogenesis of GDD. Meanwhile, this research highlights potential therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy to pave the way for the clinical manifestations of GDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14722,"journal":{"name":"JCI insight","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
NAD+ prevents chronic kidney disease by activating renal tubular metabolism.
IF 6.3 1区 医学
JCI insight Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.181443
Bryce A Jones, Debora L Gisch, Komuraiah Myakala, Amber Sadiq, Ying-Hua Cheng, Elizaveta Taranenko, Julia Panov, Kyle Korolowicz, Ricardo Melo Ferreira, Xiaoping Yang, Briana A Santo, Katherine C Allen, Teruhiko Yoshida, Xiaoxin X Wang, Avi Z Rosenberg, Sanjay Jain, Michael T Eadon, Moshe Levi
{"title":"NAD+ prevents chronic kidney disease by activating renal tubular metabolism.","authors":"Bryce A Jones, Debora L Gisch, Komuraiah Myakala, Amber Sadiq, Ying-Hua Cheng, Elizaveta Taranenko, Julia Panov, Kyle Korolowicz, Ricardo Melo Ferreira, Xiaoping Yang, Briana A Santo, Katherine C Allen, Teruhiko Yoshida, Xiaoxin X Wang, Avi Z Rosenberg, Sanjay Jain, Michael T Eadon, Moshe Levi","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.181443","DOIUrl":"10.1172/jci.insight.181443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with renal metabolic disturbances, including impaired fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a small molecule that participates in hundreds of metabolism-related reactions. NAD+ levels are decreased in CKD, and NAD+ supplementation is protective. However, both the mechanism of how NAD+ supplementation protects from CKD, as well as the cell types involved, are poorly understood. Using a mouse model of Alport syndrome, we show that nicotinamide riboside (NR), an NAD+ precursor, stimulated renal PPARα signaling and restored FAO in the proximal tubules, thereby protecting from CKD in both sexes. Bulk RNA-sequencing showed that renal metabolic pathways were impaired in Alport mice and activated by NR in both sexes. These transcriptional changes were confirmed by orthogonal imaging techniques and biochemical assays. Single-nuclei RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, both the first of their kind to our knowledge from Alport mice, showed that NAD+ supplementation restored FAO in proximal tubule cells. Finally, we also report, for the first time to our knowledge, sex differences at the transcriptional level in this Alport model. In summary, the data herein identify a nephroprotective mechanism of NAD+ supplementation in CKD, and they demonstrate that this benefit localizes to the proximal tubule cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":14722,"journal":{"name":"JCI insight","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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