JAMA neurology最新文献

{"title":"Exhaled Carbon Monoxide Levels May Offer Clues on the Etiology of Parkinson Disease.","authors":"Sirwan K L Darweesh, Matthew A Remz, Samuel M Goldman","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musical Trick Alleviating Benign Essential Blepharospasm.","authors":"Ryan Weng Zhou, Cathy Meng Fei Li, John Alexander Fraser","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1298","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"929-930"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147963719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving Beyond Legal Phobia to Medicolegal Advocacy in Neurology.","authors":"Megha Gupta, Altaf Saadi","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2330","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2330","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"833-834"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148591345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Dynamics, Disease Progression, and Therapy Response in Multiple Sclerosis.","authors":"Maximilian Einsiedler, Sofia Sandgren, Sabine Schaedelin, Kiarra Ning, Aleksandra Maleska Maceski, Johanna Oechtering, Christian Cordano, Lester Melie-Garcia, Jeffrey M Gelfand, Alessandro Cagol, Roland G Henry, Sebastian Finkener, Patrice H Lalive, Stefanie Müller, Caroline Pot, Amandine Mathias, Renaud Du Pasquier, Robert Hoepner, Andrew Chan, Giulio Disanto, Chiara Zecca, Marcus D'Souza, Lars G Hemkens, Özgür Yaldizli, Bettina Fischer-Barnicol, Tobias Derfuss, Patrick Roth, Marina Herwerth, Claudio Gobbi, David Brassat, Björn Tackenberg, Rosetta Pedotti, Heinz Wiendl, Klaus Berger, Marco Hermesdorf, Georgina Arrambide, Fredrik Piehl, Henrik Zetterberg, Bruce A C Cree, Maria Pia Sormani, Ludwig Kappos, Stephen L Hauser, Michael Khalil, Cristina Granziera, Ari J Green, David Leppert, Pascal Benkert, Ahmed Abdelhak, Jens Kuhle, Lisa Hofer, Michelle Hughes, Nafiye Genc, Amar Zadic, Juan Francisco Vilchez Gomez, Riccardo Galbusera, Edoardo Galli, Jannis Müller, Marjolaine Uginet, Veronika Kana, Catarina Raposo, Jorge Oksenberg, David Conen","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2500","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Capturing individual multiple sclerosis (MS) progression is difficult; few studies have evaluated glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in large longitudinal cohorts with independent validation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether serum GFAP levels and treatment-related changes are associated with future progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA).</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This was a prospective observational study using 2 large MS cohorts: the Swiss MS Cohort (SMSC; initiated in June 2012; data extraction September 22, 2025) and the Expression, Proteomics, Imaging, Clinical study (EPIC; initiated in July 2004; data extraction February 21, 2024). The study took place at tertiary MS centers (8 for SMSC and 1 for EPIC). A total of 2329 persons with MS from both cohorts with at least 1 available time point with neurofilament light chain (NfL) and GFAP measurements were included (overall 18 629 measurements).</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Clinical data and NfL and GFAP z scores, collected and calculated every 6 or 12 months.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Risk of future PIRA, defined as Expanded Disability Status Scale score worsening confirmed after 6 or more months without relapses (in SMSC), or a composite additionally including greater than 20% worsening in the 9-hole peg test or timed 25-ft walk test (in EPIC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SMSC and EPIC cohorts consisted of 1709 (13 375 samples; median [IQR] follow-up, 6.9 [2.5-10.7] years and age, 40.6 [32.1-50.1] years; 1128 [66.0%] female) and 620 (5254 samples; median [IQR] follow-up, 13.1 [9.4-14.0] years and age, 42.0 [35.0-50.0] years; 432 [69.7%] female) persons with MS, respectively. Consistent with prior work, high NfL was associated with relapse risk within the next year, whereas high GFAP was associated with long-term PIRA risk. In addition, elevated GFAP (z score >1.0 [84th percentile]) was associated with an average 40% higher hazard of short-term PIRA in the subsequent visit interval (SMSC: median [IQR] 346 [190-375] days; hazard ratio [HR], 1.45, 95% CI, 1.21-1.75; P < .001; EPIC: 385 [355-518] days; HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.07-1.71; P = .01). GFAP-based cohort enrichment in clinical trials targeting PIRA as an end point could reduce sample size by approximately 20%. Further, in SMSC, every yearly GFAP z score unit reduction during the first 2 years receiving fingolimod or B-cell-depleting therapy was associated with a lower risk of subsequent PIRA (54% risk reduction; HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.84; P = .01 and 67% risk reduction; HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.18-0.61; P < .001), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this cohort study, elevated GFAP was associated with a higher risk of PIRA, while treatment-associated reductions were associated with a lower PIRA risk. Together, these results suggest that serum GFAP may serve as a biomarker for p","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"894-905"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13434972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Self-Test.","authors":"Brooke Lubinski","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.0515","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.0515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"835-836"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147574090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Error in Text.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2449","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2449","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"937"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-6 Receptor Blockade as Rescue Therapy in Acute Attacks of MOGAD and AQP4+NMOSD.","authors":"Andreu Vilaseca, Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, Itay Lotan, Mark Hellmann, Mulan Jiang, John J Chen, Sean J Pittock, Michael Levy, Eoin P Flanagan, Ilya Kister","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1850","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1850","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"935-937"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13270297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148251363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Speech Analysis to Identify Clinical, Anatomical, and Pathological Variants of Primary Progressive Aphasia.","authors":"Jet M J Vonk, Giada Antonicelli, Siddarth Ramkrishnan, Salvatore Spina, Howie J Rosen, William W Seeley, Bruce L Miller, Maya L Henry, Carly Millanski, Maria Luisa Mandelli, Zachary Miller, Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2520","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is defined by relatively isolated speech and language symptoms caused by neurodegeneration of language networks; classification of the different clinical, anatomical, and pathological variants relies on time-intensive, expert-dependent assessments that are not widely available. Scalable, interpretable speech-based tools could support diagnosis and monitoring in clinical care and trials.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether automated speech analysis of voice recording from a short picture description task can yield clinically interpretable speech and language profiles that (1) distinguish among PPA variants, (2) show variant-specific neuroanatomical correlates, and (3) align with underlying autopsy-confirmed neuropathological diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This was a cross-sectional observational study of patients seen between 2001 and 2025 using the participants' first visit. The setting was a single referral center with external validation in an independent sample from 2 sites. The primary sample included research cohort participants in the following groups: cognitively healthy controls, nonfluent PPA, logopenic PPA, and semantic PPA.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Picture description task (1-2 minutes of recorded speech) from which 40 linguistic and acoustic features were automatically extracted.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The main outcomes included variant-specific speech profile scores derived from Lasso multinomial logistic regression; classification performance for clinical variants and most common underlying neuropathology; and voxelwise associations between speech-profile scores and gray matter volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 214 participants (mean [SD] age, 65.9 [7.9] years; 118 female [55%]) were included in this analysis (43 in the control group, 50 with nonfluent PPA, 56 with logopenic PPA, and 65 with semantic PPA). Among those with PPA, 64 had postmortem neuropathological data available. Twenty-five features differed between at least 2 PPA variants in 214 patients. Multinomial logistic regression achieved an AUC of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.84-0.97) and generated 3 variant-specific logit scores (speech profiles) using 4 to 8 selected features per variant. External validation in an independent cohort yielded an AUC of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.83-0.97). Profile scores showed associations consistent with established neuroanatomical patterns (n = 195): left superior and middle frontal and premotor cortex in nonfluent PPA, left posterior temporal cortex and angular gyrus in logopenic PPA, and bilateral (left-predominant) anterior temporal lobes in semantic PPA. In an autopsy-confirmed subset with most common underlying pathology (n = 56), speech profile scores discriminated neuropathology with an AUC of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.80-0.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Results of th","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"873-883"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13434971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gefurulimab-The First Effective Nanobody in Myasthenia Gravis Therapy.","authors":"Christiane Schneider-Gold, Ralf Gold","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2329","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2329","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"837-838"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148591067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Reported Seizure Durations.","authors":"Daniel M Goldenholz, Shira R Goldenholz, Hillary Mullan, Robert Moss, Frank W Drislane, M Brandon Westover","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1644","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1644","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"933-935"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13247841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148198882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}