JAMA neurology最新文献

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Administrative Bloat in Neurology and Academic Medicine 神经病学和学术医学的行政膨胀
IF 29 1区 医学
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3085
S. Thomas Carmichael
{"title":"Administrative Bloat in Neurology and Academic Medicine","authors":"S. Thomas Carmichael","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3085","url":null,"abstract":"This Viewpoint describes the growth of administrative work across universities, health care, and research and suggests 5 questions a neurology department should ask about any administrative process.","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intravenous Immunoglobulin Add-On in Newly Diagnosed Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 静脉注射免疫球蛋白治疗新诊断的特发性炎性肌病:一项随机临床试验。
IF 23.6 1区 医学
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3088
Pinar Özkaynar, Sanne Evers, Renske Kamperman, Frank Smithuis, Filip Eftimov, Johannes A Bogaards, Ivo van Schaik, Anneke J van der Kooi, Joost Raaphorst
{"title":"Intravenous Immunoglobulin Add-On in Newly Diagnosed Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Pinar Özkaynar, Sanne Evers, Renske Kamperman, Frank Smithuis, Filip Eftimov, Johannes A Bogaards, Ivo van Schaik, Anneke J van der Kooi, Joost Raaphorst","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3088","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Preliminary evidence suggests that intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) may be valuable as an add-on treatment in newly diagnosed idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs), but a randomized clinical trial is warranted.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether 3 cycles of add-on IVIG lead to superior improvement, with acceptable safety, in patients with newly diagnosed IIMs treated with high-dose prednisone (1 mg/kg/d; maximum 80 mg/d).</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted at a tertiary referral center for IIM between September 2021 and September 2025, with the primary end point at week 12. Adult patients with newly diagnosed IIMs, without (or with limited) prior immunosuppressive treatment, were assessed for inclusion; of 94 assessed, 50 were excluded or declined participation.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>All patients initiated treatment with standard of care high-dose prednisone and were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive add-on IVIG (2.0 g/kg body weight) or placebo at 0, 4, and 8 weeks.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The primary outcome was the Total Improvement Score (TIS) at 12 weeks: a weighted composite score from 6 measures reflecting change in myositis activity over time. Secondary outcomes included moderate (TIS ≥40) and major (TIS ≥60; post hoc analysis) improvement, time to reach improvement, and safety outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 44 adult patients with newly diagnosed IIMs included, 42 reached a primary end point (mean [SD] age, 58.7 [15.2] years; 21 [50%] female); 23 received IVIG and 19 received placebo. The mean TIS at 12 weeks was 60.0 (95% CI, 52.6-67.4) in the IVIG group and 42.5 (95% CI, 30.6-54.4) in the placebo group (P = .01). Moderate and major improvement were achieved in 21 participants in the IVIG group (91%; 95% CI, 79-100) vs 10 in placebo (53%; 95% CI, 28-78; P = .01) and 16 in the IVIG group (70%; 95% CI, 49-90) vs 5 in placebo (26%; 95% CI, 5-48; P = .005), respectively. The median time to moderate response was 4 (95% CI, 4-8) weeks in the IVIG group and 12 (95% CI, 4-12) weeks in the placebo group (P = .005). One asymptomatic deep venous thrombosis was found in the IVIG group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Adult patients with newly diagnosed IIMs treated with IVIG in addition to standard high-dose prednisone showed greater and faster improvement compared to patients who received standard high-dose prednisone.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>EudraCT Identifier: EUCTR2020-001710-37-NL.</p>","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148968560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy–Like Brain Imaging and Dural Arteriovenous Fistula 脑淀粉样血管病样脑成像和硬脑膜动静脉瘘
IF 29 1区 医学
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3164
Baptiste Donnard, Quentin Beaufort, Fouzi Bala
{"title":"Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy–Like Brain Imaging and Dural Arteriovenous Fistula","authors":"Baptiste Donnard, Quentin Beaufort, Fouzi Bala","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3164","url":null,"abstract":"This case report describes a patient in their 70s initially diagnosed with cerebral amyloid angiopathy whose diagnosis was challenged with repeat magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed arterialized left temporal cortical vein with an adjacent venous aneurysm.","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Common MC1R Variants and Parkinson Disease Progression 常见MC1R变异与帕金森病进展
IF 29 1区 医学
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2998
Jackson G. Schumacher, Xinyuan Zhang, Jian Wang, Johannes M. Dijkstra, Hirohisa Watanabe, Xiang Gao, Marianna Cortese, Eric A. Macklin, Michael A. Schwarzschild, Xiqun Chen
{"title":"Common MC1R Variants and Parkinson Disease Progression","authors":"Jackson G. Schumacher, Xinyuan Zhang, Jian Wang, Johannes M. Dijkstra, Hirohisa Watanabe, Xiang Gao, Marianna Cortese, Eric A. Macklin, Michael A. Schwarzschild, Xiqun Chen","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2998","url":null,"abstract":"Importance Melanocortin 1 receptor ( &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;MC1R&lt;/jats:italic&gt; ) is a key regulator of pigmentation and oxidative stress implicated in Parkinson disease (PD). &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;MC1R&lt;/jats:italic&gt; loss-of-function variants, defined by experimentally demonstrated reductions in &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;MC1R&lt;/jats:italic&gt; function, are carried by more than 60% of individuals of European descent. Objective To determine whether &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;MC1R&lt;/jats:italic&gt; loss-of-function variants are associated with accelerated PD progression. Design, Setting, and Participants This longitudinal cohort study used data from July 2010 to January 2026 in the Parkinson Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohort and June 2009 to June 2019 in a replication cohort using 3 US-based multicenter randomized clinical trials (SURE-PD phase 2, SURE-PD3, and STEADY-PD III), with up to 12 years of follow-up. Analysis was performed in May 2026. Of 926 PPMI participants with PD and available genomewide sequencing data, 66 without dopamine deficiency and 51 with pathogenic variants in known PD-associated genes were excluded. The remaining 809 participants were stratified by &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;MC1R&lt;/jats:italic&gt; loss-of-function carrier status (505 carriers and 304 noncarriers) and classified as having sporadic PD (n = 383) or monogenic PD (n = 426) based on &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;LRRK2&lt;/jats:italic&gt; and &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;GBA&lt;/jats:italic&gt; carrier status. The replication cohort included 587 participants with PD (410 carriers and 177 noncarriers). An additional 53 PPMI participants with prodromal PD (34 carriers and 19 noncarriers) were assessed. Exposures &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;MC1R&lt;/jats:italic&gt; loss-of-function carrier status. Main Outcomes and Measures Rate of motor decline per Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III score, assessed via linear mixed-effects models adjusted for age at onset, sex, race, baseline score, and levodopa equivalent daily dose. Phenoconversion risk, assessed via Fine-Gray subdistribution hazards model. Results Among 383 participants with sporadic PD, 130 were female, 253 were male, and the mean (SD) age at onset was 61.3 (9.9) years for &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;MC1R&lt;/jats:italic&gt; loss-of-function carriers and 64.6 (10.5) for noncarriers. &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;MC1R&lt;/jats:italic&gt; loss-of-function carriers exhibited 30% faster motor decline (β, 0.57 points/year; 95% CI, 0.16-0.98; &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;P&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = .006) than noncarriers. In the replication cohort, &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;MC1R&lt;/jats:italic&gt; loss-of-function carriers exhibited 50% faster motor decline than noncarriers (β, 1.37; 95% CI, 0.28-2.46; &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;P&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = .01). In a small prodromal cohort, &lt;jats:italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;MC1R&lt;/jats:italic&gt; loss-of-function carriers showed a more than 4-fold increased risk of phenoconversion to PD (subdistribution hazar","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Smoking, Exhaled Carbon Monoxide, and Risk of Parkinson Disease. 吸烟、呼出的一氧化碳和帕金森病的风险。
IF 23.6 1区 医学
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3037
Clara Bueno Lopez, Andri Iona, Iain Turnbull, Huaidong Du, Yiping Chen, Ling Yang, Alexander Tinworth, Zhengjie Shen, Kshitij Kolhe, Pei Pei, Canqing Yu, Dianjianyi Sun, Jun Lv, Junshi Chen, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Richard Peto, Liming Li, Fiona Bragg, Zhengming Chen
{"title":"Smoking, Exhaled Carbon Monoxide, and Risk of Parkinson Disease.","authors":"Clara Bueno Lopez, Andri Iona, Iain Turnbull, Huaidong Du, Yiping Chen, Ling Yang, Alexander Tinworth, Zhengjie Shen, Kshitij Kolhe, Pei Pei, Canqing Yu, Dianjianyi Sun, Jun Lv, Junshi Chen, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Richard Peto, Liming Li, Fiona Bragg, Zhengming Chen","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3037","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3037","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;Smoking has been associated with lower risks of Parkinson disease (PD) in epidemiological studies, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly elucidated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the association of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) with risk of PD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design, setting, and participants: &lt;/strong&gt;This nationwide prospective cohort study leveraged data from the China Kadoorie Biobank across 10 geographically diverse areas in China. A total of 512 724 adults aged 30 to 79 years were recruited between June 2004 and July 2008. Prospective analyses were restricted to first events occurring between ages 40 and 94 years and before January 1, 2019. Data were analyzed from May 2025 to March 2026.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exposure: &lt;/strong&gt;Self-reported smoking status and measured exhaled CO.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main outcomes and measures: &lt;/strong&gt;During approximately 12 years' follow-up, 1131 individuals with PD and 2949 with other neurodegenerative diseases were recorded through linkage to national death and disease registries and the health insurance system. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for associations of smoking and, among individuals who never smoked, exhaled CO levels with PD, other neurodegenerative diseases, and several known smoking-related diseases. Covariates included sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and other confounders (ie, solid fuel use and passive exposure to smoking).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Among the 512 701 participants included in the main analyses, the mean (SD) age was 52 (11) years and 302 041 (58.9%) were female. Overall, 156 650 male individuals (74.5%) and 9944 female individuals (3.3%) ever smoked regularly, with mean exhaled CO levels higher among those who regularly smoked (11.1 ppm) than those who never smoked (3.5 ppm), those who occasionally smoked (3.8 ppm), and those who formerly smoked regularly (3.7 ppm). Regular smoking was significantly associated with elevated risks of lung cancer, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and all-cause mortality but with lower risk of PD (adjusted HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.62-0.79). In individuals who never smoked, higher exhaled CO levels were associated with lower HRs of PD (n = 675) in a broadly dose-dependent manner (exhaled CO &lt;2.0 ppm: 1.00 [95% CI, 0.85-1.18]; 2.0 to &lt;3.0: 0.85 [95% CI, 0.73-0.99]; 3.0 to &lt;5.0: 0.62 [95% CI, 0.53-0.73]; 5.0 to &lt;11.5: 0.68 [95% CI, 0.56-0.83]; ≥11.5: 0.65 [95% CI, 0.45-0.92]; P for trend &lt; .001) but were not associated with risks of smoking-related diseases or other neurodegenerative diseases. The associations with PD were more pronounced in female individuals who never smoked. Similar exhaled CO-PD associations were found in those who regularly smoked.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;Among individuals who never smoked, higher exhaled CO levels were associated with lower PD risk. These findings demonstrate a potentially protective ro","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exhaled Carbon Monoxide Levels May Offer Clues on the Etiology of Parkinson Disease. 呼出的一氧化碳水平可能为帕金森病的病因提供线索。
IF 23.6 1区 医学
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3048
Sirwan K L Darweesh, Matthew A Remz, Samuel M Goldman
{"title":"Exhaled Carbon Monoxide Levels May Offer Clues on the Etiology of Parkinson Disease.","authors":"Sirwan K L Darweesh, Matthew A Remz, Samuel M Goldman","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.3048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Musical Trick Alleviating Benign Essential Blepharospasm. 音乐技巧缓解良性原发性眼睑痉挛。
IF 23.6 1区 医学
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1298
Ryan Weng Zhou, Cathy Meng Fei Li, John Alexander Fraser
{"title":"Musical Trick Alleviating Benign Essential Blepharospasm.","authors":"Ryan Weng Zhou, Cathy Meng Fei Li, John Alexander Fraser","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1298","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"929-930"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147963719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Moving Beyond Legal Phobia to Medicolegal Advocacy in Neurology. 从法律恐惧症到神经病学的医学法律倡导。
IF 23.6 1区 医学
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2330
Megha Gupta, Altaf Saadi
{"title":"Moving Beyond Legal Phobia to Medicolegal Advocacy in Neurology.","authors":"Megha Gupta, Altaf Saadi","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2330","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2330","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"833-834"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148591345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Dynamics, Disease Progression, and Therapy Response in Multiple Sclerosis. 多发性硬化症的血清胶质纤维酸性蛋白动力学、疾病进展和治疗反应。
IF 23.6 1区 医学
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2500
Maximilian Einsiedler, Sofia Sandgren, Sabine Schaedelin, Kiarra Ning, Aleksandra Maleska Maceski, Johanna Oechtering, Christian Cordano, Lester Melie-Garcia, Jeffrey M Gelfand, Alessandro Cagol, Roland G Henry, Sebastian Finkener, Patrice H Lalive, Stefanie Müller, Caroline Pot, Amandine Mathias, Renaud Du Pasquier, Robert Hoepner, Andrew Chan, Giulio Disanto, Chiara Zecca, Marcus D'Souza, Lars G Hemkens, Özgür Yaldizli, Bettina Fischer-Barnicol, Tobias Derfuss, Patrick Roth, Marina Herwerth, Claudio Gobbi, David Brassat, Björn Tackenberg, Rosetta Pedotti, Heinz Wiendl, Klaus Berger, Marco Hermesdorf, Georgina Arrambide, Fredrik Piehl, Henrik Zetterberg, Bruce A C Cree, Maria Pia Sormani, Ludwig Kappos, Stephen L Hauser, Michael Khalil, Cristina Granziera, Ari J Green, David Leppert, Pascal Benkert, Ahmed Abdelhak, Jens Kuhle, Lisa Hofer, Michelle Hughes, Nafiye Genc, Amar Zadic, Juan Francisco Vilchez Gomez, Riccardo Galbusera, Edoardo Galli, Jannis Müller, Marjolaine Uginet, Veronika Kana, Catarina Raposo, Jorge Oksenberg, David Conen
{"title":"Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Dynamics, Disease Progression, and Therapy Response in Multiple Sclerosis.","authors":"Maximilian Einsiedler, Sofia Sandgren, Sabine Schaedelin, Kiarra Ning, Aleksandra Maleska Maceski, Johanna Oechtering, Christian Cordano, Lester Melie-Garcia, Jeffrey M Gelfand, Alessandro Cagol, Roland G Henry, Sebastian Finkener, Patrice H Lalive, Stefanie Müller, Caroline Pot, Amandine Mathias, Renaud Du Pasquier, Robert Hoepner, Andrew Chan, Giulio Disanto, Chiara Zecca, Marcus D'Souza, Lars G Hemkens, Özgür Yaldizli, Bettina Fischer-Barnicol, Tobias Derfuss, Patrick Roth, Marina Herwerth, Claudio Gobbi, David Brassat, Björn Tackenberg, Rosetta Pedotti, Heinz Wiendl, Klaus Berger, Marco Hermesdorf, Georgina Arrambide, Fredrik Piehl, Henrik Zetterberg, Bruce A C Cree, Maria Pia Sormani, Ludwig Kappos, Stephen L Hauser, Michael Khalil, Cristina Granziera, Ari J Green, David Leppert, Pascal Benkert, Ahmed Abdelhak, Jens Kuhle, Lisa Hofer, Michelle Hughes, Nafiye Genc, Amar Zadic, Juan Francisco Vilchez Gomez, Riccardo Galbusera, Edoardo Galli, Jannis Müller, Marjolaine Uginet, Veronika Kana, Catarina Raposo, Jorge Oksenberg, David Conen","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2500","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2500","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;Capturing individual multiple sclerosis (MS) progression is difficult; few studies have evaluated glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in large longitudinal cohorts with independent validation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate whether serum GFAP levels and treatment-related changes are associated with future progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design, setting, and participants: &lt;/strong&gt;This was a prospective observational study using 2 large MS cohorts: the Swiss MS Cohort (SMSC; initiated in June 2012; data extraction September 22, 2025) and the Expression, Proteomics, Imaging, Clinical study (EPIC; initiated in July 2004; data extraction February 21, 2024). The study took place at tertiary MS centers (8 for SMSC and 1 for EPIC). A total of 2329 persons with MS from both cohorts with at least 1 available time point with neurofilament light chain (NfL) and GFAP measurements were included (overall 18 629 measurements).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exposures: &lt;/strong&gt;Clinical data and NfL and GFAP z scores, collected and calculated every 6 or 12 months.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main outcomes and measures: &lt;/strong&gt;Risk of future PIRA, defined as Expanded Disability Status Scale score worsening confirmed after 6 or more months without relapses (in SMSC), or a composite additionally including greater than 20% worsening in the 9-hole peg test or timed 25-ft walk test (in EPIC).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The SMSC and EPIC cohorts consisted of 1709 (13 375 samples; median [IQR] follow-up, 6.9 [2.5-10.7] years and age, 40.6 [32.1-50.1] years; 1128 [66.0%] female) and 620 (5254 samples; median [IQR] follow-up, 13.1 [9.4-14.0] years and age, 42.0 [35.0-50.0] years; 432 [69.7%] female) persons with MS, respectively. Consistent with prior work, high NfL was associated with relapse risk within the next year, whereas high GFAP was associated with long-term PIRA risk. In addition, elevated GFAP (z score &gt;1.0 [84th percentile]) was associated with an average 40% higher hazard of short-term PIRA in the subsequent visit interval (SMSC: median [IQR] 346 [190-375] days; hazard ratio [HR], 1.45, 95% CI, 1.21-1.75; P &lt; .001; EPIC: 385 [355-518] days; HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.07-1.71; P = .01). GFAP-based cohort enrichment in clinical trials targeting PIRA as an end point could reduce sample size by approximately 20%. Further, in SMSC, every yearly GFAP z score unit reduction during the first 2 years receiving fingolimod or B-cell-depleting therapy was associated with a lower risk of subsequent PIRA (54% risk reduction; HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.84; P = .01 and 67% risk reduction; HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.18-0.61; P &lt; .001), respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;In this cohort study, elevated GFAP was associated with a higher risk of PIRA, while treatment-associated reductions were associated with a lower PIRA risk. Together, these results suggest that serum GFAP may serve as a biomarker for p","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"894-905"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13434972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Self-Test. 自测。
IF 23.6 1区 医学
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.0515
Brooke Lubinski
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引用次数: 0
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