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A self-sensing framework for weak fault detection of planetary gearbox 行星齿轮箱微弱故障检测的自感知框架。
IF 6.5 2区 计算机科学
ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.009
Dexin Chen, Ming Zhao, Shudong Ou, Sen Li, Xiaolong Han
{"title":"A self-sensing framework for weak fault detection of planetary gearbox","authors":"Dexin Chen,&nbsp;Ming Zhao,&nbsp;Shudong Ou,&nbsp;Sen Li,&nbsp;Xiaolong Han","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Planetary gearbox<span> fault detection has attracted wide attention due to the planetary gearbox’s key role in modern electro-mechanic equipment. However, traditional fault detection technologies still heavily rely on additional sensors. The resulting enormous cost of sensors restricts the application of those technologies. Given this situation, a self-sensing fault detection framework to explore the weak fault impulses of the planetary gearbox is presented without additional sensors. In this framework, we first capture the preliminary signals from the servo control systems. Then, the hole control model of the motor driving planetary gearbox is constructed. After this step, the feasibility of fault detection for the planetary gearbox through the motor servo control signals is investigated. With the measured servo control signals, a multi-signal assisting adaptive time synchronous averaging method is first proposed to explore fault impulses. This method first introduces a periodic enhanced Gini to select optimal parameters adaptively. Finally, experiments on a weak fault of three components in the planetary gearbox are carried out separately, certifying our framework's validation of planetary gearbox fault detection. This framework hopes to provide a novel scheme for the weak fault self-sensing of planetary gearboxes.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":14660,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":"165 ","pages":"Pages 358-371"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144277144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Consensus seeking in large-scale multi-agent systems with homogeneous connections by incorporating two-hop neighbor states 结合两跳邻居状态的大规模同构连接多智能体系统的共识寻求。
IF 6.5 2区 计算机科学
ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.002
Guangqiang Xie, Chaohao Shen, Yang Li, Yanda Feng, Fengyang Qiu
{"title":"Consensus seeking in large-scale multi-agent systems with homogeneous connections by incorporating two-hop neighbor states","authors":"Guangqiang Xie,&nbsp;Chaohao Shen,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Yanda Feng,&nbsp;Fengyang Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>The development of multi-agent consensus raises the importance of network topology. As the number of agents increases, multi-agent systems (MAS) in a large-scale and high-density topology demand higher resources, which consequently degrades efficiency of consensus. Existing approaches that consider only direct point-to-point neighbors may overlook potential topological information, further hindering consensus performance. To achieve fast consensus in large-scale and high-density topologies, a framework named Homogeneous Connections Based on Agents State Fusions MAS (HCASFMAS) is proposed. The framework extracts broader topology information of consensus degree by fusing states of two-hop neighbors. Leveraging homogeneous idea, agents establish homogeneous connections with neighbors that exhibit a higher consensus degree, ultimately accelerating the consensus process while preserving connectivity. First, a neighbor selection strategy based on consensus degree of agent state fusion is introduced to construct candidate neighbors, aiming to reduce redundant connections. Second, an adaptive </span>consensus algorithm is formulated to flexibly adapt to the distribution of neighbors. Finally, a candidate constraints set is established to accelerate consensus by expanding the scope of constraints while preserving connectivity. In this study, connectivity and convergence of the system are theoretically analyzed from a geometric perspective. Simulation experiments are conducted to compare the proposed method with existing approaches under different densities and topologies. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of this method in achieving fast convergence, particularly in large-scale and high-density scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14660,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":"165 ","pages":"Pages 27-39"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adaptive robust control for ball-screw drives with flexible transmission and nonlinear friction via dynamic surface control approach 基于动态表面控制的柔性传动非线性摩擦滚珠丝杠传动自适应鲁棒控制。
IF 6.5 2区 计算机科学
ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.050
Yanliang Sheng, Guofeng Wang, Fei Wang, Decai Li, Mantang Hu
{"title":"Adaptive robust control for ball-screw drives with flexible transmission and nonlinear friction via dynamic surface control approach","authors":"Yanliang Sheng,&nbsp;Guofeng Wang,&nbsp;Fei Wang,&nbsp;Decai Li,&nbsp;Mantang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Flexible deformation and nonlinear friction in ball-screw drive systems are important factors that restrict the improvement of tracking performance. In this paper, a high-performance adaptive controller is presented for ball screw drives to suppress vibration and improve tracking accuracy. A two-inertia model with </span>torsional vibration state is established to fit the dynamics of the drive system while the continuously differentiable LuGre model characterizes the nonlinear friction disturbance. Based on the established </span>nonlinear model<span><span><span>, an adaptive robust controller (ARC) is designed by using the backstepping approach to overcome the </span>parametric uncertainties and hard-to-model dynamics. The dual-observer is employed in the controller to observe and compensate for the nonlinear friction, which improves the low-velocity tracking performance of the ball-screw drives. Meanwhile, first-order filters are introduced by dynamic </span>surface control (DSC) technique to eliminate the “complexity explosion” problem caused by the backstepping method. The controller theoretically guarantees that all signals of the closed-loop system are bounded, and the convergence of tracking error is also ensured via Lyapunov analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified through simulation and experimental results.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":14660,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":"165 ","pages":"Pages 372-383"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adaptive PI nonlinear cooperative control for motor cluster 运动集群的自适应PI非线性协同控制。
IF 6.5 2区 计算机科学
ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.047
Yiting Chen, Yushen Wu, Kairui Chen, Jianhui Wang, Zian Wang
{"title":"Adaptive PI nonlinear cooperative control for motor cluster","authors":"Yiting Chen,&nbsp;Yushen Wu,&nbsp;Kairui Chen,&nbsp;Jianhui Wang,&nbsp;Zian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>To address the effects of nonlinearities and uncertainties in the speed regulation of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), an adaptive PI nonlinear control strategy is introduced. First, a </span>nonlinear system<span><span> model is developed using the PMSM mathematical model, and an adaptive PI nonlinear control approach is designed. Numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate that this control method effectively tracks the system’s desired values. Then, through a group of comparative simulation experiments, the comparison effect of the designed adaptive PI nonlinear control method and the traditional PI control method is analyzed and compared. Additionally, four PMSM </span>collaborative control<span> system models, including the speed tracking and speed synchronization<span> control structures, are constructed. Finally, a simulation model for a cooperative PMSM control system is developed to evaluate the system’s speed tracking capability and the synchronization between multiple motors. The results show that in the designed motor cluster cooperative control system, the PMSM motor cluster using adaptive PI nonlinear control method can achieve cooperative control in speed tracking and speed synchronization, and can maintain stable operation against </span></span></span></span>nonlinear problems and unknown disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14660,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":"165 ","pages":"Pages 191-208"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An adaptive direct data-driven controller for nonlinear system reference tracking 非线性系统参考跟踪的自适应直接数据驱动控制器。
IF 6.5 2区 计算机科学
ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.043
Luka Mandić , Đula Nađ , Nikola Mišković
{"title":"An adaptive direct data-driven controller for nonlinear system reference tracking","authors":"Luka Mandić ,&nbsp;Đula Nađ ,&nbsp;Nikola Mišković","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reference tracking, one of the primary objectives in system control theory, is increasingly being approached in a data-driven manner. In this paper, an Adaptive Trajectory Data-Enabled Predictive Controller (ATDeePC) algorithm is proposed that locally constructs a linear model of the system and stores its predictions for future use. Based on the online recorded trajectory and a desired reference trajectory, the most appropriate trajectory of the linearized model is selected for Hankel matrix construction. The proposed controller is safe in closed loop, satisfies the desired constraints during operation, and is robust with the ability to adapt to previously unexplored regions of the system state space. The controller is tested and evaluated on a simulated unmanned surface vehicle (USV) and compared with common reference tracking methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14660,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":"164 ","pages":"Pages 14-23"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Finite-time command-filtered autonomous docking control of underactuated unmanned surface vehicles with obstacle avoidance 欠驱动避障无人水面飞行器有限时间指令滤波自主对接控制。
IF 6.5 2区 计算机科学
ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.029
Bingwen Liu , Jiapeng Liu , Jinpeng Yu
{"title":"Finite-time command-filtered autonomous docking control of underactuated unmanned surface vehicles with obstacle avoidance","authors":"Bingwen Liu ,&nbsp;Jiapeng Liu ,&nbsp;Jinpeng Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a novel control strategy for the autonomous docking control of underactuated unmanned surface vehicle (USV). Firstly, a novel integration of finite-time command-filtered backstepping with an improved artificial potential field (APF), where the controller-generated force replaces the traditional APF attractive force, unifying path planning and motion control. Secondly, a finite-time command filter with error compensation to eliminate “explosion of complexity\" and reduce filtering errors. Finally, the fuzzy logic system is embedded in the controller to suppress unknown nonlinear disturbances. The simulation outcomes provide concrete evidence of the control strategy’s successful implementation, emphasizing its feasibility and performance advantages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14660,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":"164 ","pages":"Pages 116-124"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A segmented model based internal model control scheme of electromagnetic micro-mirror systems 基于分段模型的电磁微镜系统内模控制方案。
IF 6.5 2区 计算机科学
ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.003
Ruili Dong , Qingyuan Tan , Yonghong Tan , Xiaoli Song , Tianyu Wang
{"title":"A segmented model based internal model control scheme of electromagnetic micro-mirror systems","authors":"Ruili Dong ,&nbsp;Qingyuan Tan ,&nbsp;Yonghong Tan ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Song ,&nbsp;Tianyu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>In this paper, a segmented internal model control (SIMC) scheme based on the segmented combination model of the </span>electromagnetic<span><span> micro-mirror system (EMMS) is established. Notice that highly underdamped oscillation and rate-dependent hysteresis exist in the EMMS, so it is a complex nonlinear dynamic system. In order to control the deflection angle of the EMMS using the internal model control strategy, it is necessary to establish the inverse model of the EMMS. Therefore, a new model structure that is convenient for inversion is proposed in this paper to describe the characteristics of the EMMS with underdamped and rate-dependent hysteresis. In the proposed scheme, the model is a combination of a group of weighted sub-models based on the segmentation of the system's operating frequency. The weight of each segmented sub-model is not a constant but a new type of function which is also called the smoothing factor. Its function is to smooth the switching between sub-models, thereby reducing the dynamic error caused by model switching. In addition, the </span>particle swarm optimization<span> (PSO) algorithm is used to determine the optimal frequency segmentation points, which helps to obtain the optimal model for describing the system characteristics. Based on the proposed segmented combination model, the corresponding segmented internal model control with two-degree-of-freedom filters is proposed, and the corresponding filters in the internal model control are designed based on the small gain theorem. Finally, the proposed control strategy is applied to the control of the deflection angle of the electromagnetic micro-mirror to verify the proposed control method. Moreover, the non-smooth internal model control strategy is also used for comparison in the experiments.</span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":14660,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":"165 ","pages":"Pages 408-421"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144277143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polytopic inclusion-based model predictive control for quasi-LPV systems using vertex system models and gain scheduling 基于顶点系统模型和增益调度的拟lpv系统多面体模型预测控制。
IF 6.5 2区 计算机科学
ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.051
Rangoli Singh, Sandip Ghosh, Devender Singh
{"title":"Polytopic inclusion-based model predictive control for quasi-LPV systems using vertex system models and gain scheduling","authors":"Rangoli Singh,&nbsp;Sandip Ghosh,&nbsp;Devender Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>This paper proposes a Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy for a class of Quasi-Linear Parameter-Varying (quasi-LPV) systems characterized by a measurable time-varying parameter. The core of the proposed quasi-LPV-MPC controller lies in the utilization of a polytopic representation along with a gain-scheduled controller. A terminal cost that depends explicitly on the scheduling parameter is used. However, for the implementation, a complementary </span>cost function is used to frame the optimization problem at each vertex level so that the requirement of updating the varying parameters over the prediction horizon is relaxed. Though the resulting suboptimal controller involves more computational burden, the proposed method demonstrates improvement in control performance over traditional MPC schemes. Experimental validation on a cascaded coupled tank system underscores the practical efficacy of the proposed quasi-LPV-MPC controller, while simulation studies on a twin rotor multi-input multi-output system serve as an additional demonstration example case. Comparative performance evaluations against both linear and nonlinear MPCs clearly illustrate that the quasi-LPV-MPC offers better control precision, adaptability, and the overall system responsiveness, thus positioning it as an effective solution for quasi-LPV systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14660,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":"165 ","pages":"Pages 474-485"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PPAC-Pilot: Prescribed-performance augmented control for fixed-wing autopilots PPAC-Pilot:固定翼自动驾驶仪的规定性能增强控制。
IF 6.5 2区 计算机科学
ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.001
Qiuyang Tian , Zelin Wang , Tianjiang Hu
{"title":"PPAC-Pilot: Prescribed-performance augmented control for fixed-wing autopilots","authors":"Qiuyang Tian ,&nbsp;Zelin Wang ,&nbsp;Tianjiang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a Prescribed-Performance Augmented Control (PPAC) framework designed for fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle<span> (UAV) autopilots. The PPAC strategy aims to enhance, rather than replace, existing PID control loops in open-source autopilots. Although traditional autopilots effectively manage routine tasks in most applications, their reliance on meticulous tuning remains a limitation. To address this, PPAC leverages historical flight data, a frequently overlooked resource, to derive dynamic linearization models and control laws without requiring explicit UAV models. The PPAC framework is then integrated with the Total Energy Control System (TECS) for practical deployment in takeoff and cruising scenarios. Comprehensive numerical simulations and Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) tests validate the strategy by comparing baseline autopilot performance with PPAC-augmented systems. Results confirm that PPAC ensures prescribed performance bounds for altitude tracking errors across evaluated scenarios, demonstrating its effectiveness in augmenting autopilots with minimized redesign efforts.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":14660,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":"165 ","pages":"Pages 395-407"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144628341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Frequency handling by reinforcement of predictive 2DoF-MPC and state observer LADRC for smart power system 基于预测2DoF-MPC和状态观测器LADRC的智能电力系统频率处理。
IF 6.5 2区 计算机科学
ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.046
Muhammad Majid Gulzar
{"title":"Frequency handling by reinforcement of predictive 2DoF-MPC and state observer LADRC for smart power system","authors":"Muhammad Majid Gulzar","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isatra.2025.05.046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The preservation of stability is essential for the efficient and reliable functioning of the electrical transmission<span><span> system. Frequency oscillations are prevalent in interconnected power systems<span> (IPS) and may lead to instability; therefore, it is crucial to monitor and examine them meticulously. Effective frequency management is essential for regulating frequency output in an interconnected smart power system (ISPS) that includes </span></span>renewable energy<span><span> sources (RESs), redox flow batteries (RFBs) and static synchronous series compensators (SSSCs). In view of the challenge presented, this research introduces an efficient control architecture that utilizes a 2 degree of freedom-based model predictive controller (2DoF-MPC) to enhance </span>system performance<span>. Additionally, it integrates a linear active disturbance rejection control<span> (LADRC) to employ a state observer alongside the evolving frequency management. The convergence of the predictive and state observer frameworks results in a robust 2DoF-MPC-LADRC to manage frequency disturbances and uncertainties in the power system. The suggested technique is thoroughly validated across several parameters for ISPS, instilling confidence in its capacity to attain minimal frequency variation in multiple scenarios. The performance of the proposed controller design shows that the frequency performance in area 1 and area 2 settles in 5.085 sec and 3.965 sec, when the load changes by 3 %, and it settles in 4.655 sec and 4.050 sec, respectively, when the load changes by 5 %.</span></span></span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":14660,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":"165 ","pages":"Pages 128-142"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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