Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Intraoperative Nano arthroscopy imaging system enhances complete urolith removal during open cystotomy in 13 dogs.","authors":"Natali J Almodóvar García, Jason S Tarricone, Carolyn J Nye","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.05.0355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the feasibility of the Nano arthroscopy imaging system (NanoScope; Arthrex Inc) as an intraoperative tool in traditional open cystotomy for assessment of urolith removal in the canine lower urinary tract.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>This was a retrospective case series of dogs that underwent open cystotomy followed by Nano arthroscopy imaging system evaluation at a single institution between August 2021 and September 2023.</p><p><strong>Clinical presentation: </strong>The 13 client-owned dogs that were included presented with urinary obstruction (4 of 13), bladder stones (7 of 13), hematuria and abdominal pain (1 of 13), or incidental urolithiasis (1 of 13), with age ranging from 2 to 14 years old (median, 8 years), weighing 2.5 to 41.7 kg (median, 13 kg), and consisting of various breeds. Physical examination findings included bladder distension, pain on abdominal palpation, stranguria, dysuria, and hematuria or were unremarkable in cases of incidental stone detection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cystotomy with the Nano arthroscopy imaging system resulted in complete urolith removal in 12 of 13 cases, as demonstrated by postoperative radiographs. There were no reported complications associated with Nano arthroscopy imaging system use. Intraoperatively, the system was found to be practical and user-friendly and provide enhanced assessment of the bladder and lower urinary tract.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The study highlighted the clinical utility of the Nano arthroscopy imaging system in canine traditional open cystotomy. The system's ease of use, coupled with its ability to facilitate intraoperative detection of stones, supported its integration into routine practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy improves respiratory parameters compared to conventional oxygen therapy in dogs with presumed noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.","authors":"Hye-In Park, Se-Hoon Kim, Min-Ok Ryu, Woo-Jin Song, Kyoung-Won Seo","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.02.0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.02.0118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the clinical efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy and conventional oxygen therapy (COT) in dogs with noncardiogenic pulmonary edema (NCPE), focusing on respiratory parameters and survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational cohort study reviewed cases from a veterinary teaching hospital between September 2022 and September 2024. Dogs were identified through electronic medical records and included if they met clinical criteria for NCPE, excluding those with cardiac or aspiration-related causes. Patients were assigned to the COT or HFNC group on the basis of the treatment received. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy was initiated in dogs with insufficient response to COT. Respiratory rate (RR), peripheral oxygen saturation of hemoglobin as measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2), and dyspnea scores were evaluated at baseline and 24 hours after treatment. The primary outcome was the change in respiratory parameters; secondary outcomes included survival to discharge and adverse events. Nonparametric statistical tests (Wilcoxon signed rank and Mann-Whitney U tests) were used (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>26 dogs met the inclusion criteria (COT, n = 13; HFNC, 13). High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy resulted in greater improvements in RR (median, 66 to 35 breaths/min) and SpO2 (median, 83% to 97%) compared to COT. Dyspnea scores significantly improved only in the HFNC group. Two HFNC dogs survived to discharge, while none survived in the COT group. Minor aerophagia occurred in 2 HFNC dogs and was medically managed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HFNC was associated with improved clinical signs including RR, SpO2, dyspnea scores, and survival in dogs with NCPE.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>HFNC may serve not only as an alternative but also as a more effective and well-tolerated option than COT for the management of dogs with presumed NCPE.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications and outcomes of traumatic stifle luxation in 18 cats treated by temporary double cerclage wires.","authors":"Giorgia Venzo, Sara Manzoni, Alexandre Bongartz","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0197","DOIUrl":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report the clinical findings, surgical procedure, complications, and outcomes associated with a novel surgical technique using double cerclage wires to address traumatic stifle luxation in cats.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>18 cats (19 stifles).</p><p><strong>Clinical presentation: </strong>Cats treated for traumatic stifle injury between 2015 and 2023 with a double femoral-tibial cerclage wire placed in the sagittal plane in a quasi-isometric position and a follow-up at a minimum of 8 weeks postoperatively were included. Data collection included signalment, intraoperative findings of ligament and meniscal injuries, and short-term postoperative complications. Long-term follow-up data were obtained via physical examination or telephone interviews with the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age and body weight at presentation were 7 years and 4.7 kg, respectively. Cranial cruciate ligament rupture was present in all cats. Caudal cruciate ligament rupture was complete in 16 of 19 stifles and partial in 1 of 19. The medial collateral ligament was injured in 11 of 19 stifles and the lateral in 9 of 19 stifles. The medial meniscus was damaged in 6 of 19 stifles and the lateral in 5 of 19 stifles. All cats wore a modified Robert-Jones bandage for 14 days postoperatively. Short-term complications included superficial wound infection (2 of 19) and moderate joint swelling (13 of 19). Implants were systematically removed starting at 8 weeks postoperatively. Cerclage wire rupture was observed in 7 stifles on radiographic rechecks. The outcome was considered excellent in 15 cats and good in 3, based on owner assessment and clinical examination.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The use of a double cerclage wire to treat traumatic stifle luxation in cats resulted in successful long-term functional recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could oral calcium carbonate mitigate tartaric acid toxicity in dogs? A novel hypothesis.","authors":"William Tancredi, Shahzad Bolduc","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.03.0160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grape and raisin ingestion causes acute renal failure in dogs, recently attributed to tartaric acid toxicity. Standard treatments lack specific antidotes, creating a need for novel therapeutic strategies. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3 could theoretically neutralize tartaric acid in the gastrointestinal tract by forming insoluble calcium tartrate, potentially reducing systemic absorption. Although not yet clinically validated, analogous approaches for oxalate and fluoride poisonings suggest feasibility. This Viewpoint presented chemical and physiological rationales, stoichiometric calculations, practical clinical applications, and safety considerations. We propose the cautious clinical exploration of oral calcium carbonate as an adjunctive treatment in canine tartaric acid toxicosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pale skin lesions cranial to the dorsal fin on the dorsum of farmed rainbow trout fingerlings (Oncorhynchus mykiss).","authors":"Christine J E Haake, Nora Hickey, Myron J Kebus, Kevin Snekvik","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.06.0371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.06.0371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Veterinary prescription and owner use of topical aural products and antimicrobials for Golden Retriever Lifetime Study participants with otitis externa in the US (2012-2023).","authors":"Rebecca A Bloch, Ina Herrmann, Brenna Swafford, Sarah Rhea","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.05.0318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe topical aural products and antimicrobials prescribed or administered to Golden Retriever Lifetime Study (GRLS) participants with otitis externa (OE) and to characterize OE in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>GRLS participants with ≥ 1 veterinarian-determined OE diagnosis during years 1 to 8 of enrollment (n = 1,755) were included. Reports of veterinary-prescribed or owner-administered topical aural products were identified in GLRS records by study year, classified (eg, prescription, nonprescription, antibiotic, antifungal), tallied, and stratified by presence of an OE diagnosis. Incidence rates (IRs) of first OE diagnosis were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among included participants, 57% (n = 1,006) had OE in > 1 study year. The IR of first OE (per 100 dog-years [95% CI]) was greater for dogs 0 to 4 years of age (IR, 58.9 [56.3 to 61.4]) than dogs > 4 years of age (IR, 19.0 [15.0 to 23.0]). We identified 4,960 topical aural product reports (83% [n = 4,138] nonprescription; 17% [822] prescription). Combined antibiotic/antifungal products represented 72% (n = 590) of prescriptions; aminoglycosides and clotrimazole were the most common antibiotic and antifungal ingredients, respectively. Of all prescriptions, 47% (n = 388) were reported in a year with no OE diagnosis. Most study years (93% [3,617 of 3,888]) with nonprescription products reported had no reported prescription products. Among study years with prescription products reported, 57% (360 of 631) had no reported nonprescription products.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nonprescription product reports were 5 times greater than reports of prescription products used for OE. Nearly half of all prescription products were used in years without an OE diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Results highlight the importance of educating owners on responsible antimicrobial use and obtaining a complete history of topical aural product use when managing canine OE.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the effects of dual, triple, and quadruple medical therapy on cardiac death in a retrospective cohort of dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease at American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine stage C: is more necessarily better?","authors":"Giovanni Romito, Sara Ghilardi, Chiara Mazzoldi, Fabio Maria Colombo, Giulia Ciprian, Mara Bagardi, Chiara Locatelli, Paola Giuseppina Brambilla","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.09.0588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.09.0588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare selected cardiac effects of dual therapy (DT; furosemide and pimobendan), triple therapy (TT; furosemide, pimobendan, and benazepril), and quadruple therapy (QT; furosemide, pimobendan, benazepril, and spironolactone) in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease at American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) stage C.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multicenter retrospective study involving dogs with ACVIM stage C myxomatous mitral valve disease treated with DT, TT, or QT. Statistical analysis was aimed at comparing the effects of treatment protocols on a primary outcome (cardiac death) and selected cardiovascular intermediate events (progression from ACVIM stage C to D and development of clinically relevant pulmonary hypertension and arrhythmias).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>211 dogs were included (DT group, 65; TT group, 105; QT group, 41). No statistically significant differences were found when comparing the rate of cardiac death between the DT and TT groups (P = .29), DT and QT groups (P = .32), and TT and QT groups (P = .94). No statistically significant differences were observed among the DT, TT, and QT Kaplan-Meier cardiac death survival curves in either the unadjusted (P = .32) or adjusted (P = .37) analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study sample, QT and TT did not provide a higher clinically evident cardiac protective effect compared to DT.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>DT was not inferior to TT and QT in terms of cardiac death in dogs with ACVIM stage C myxomatous mitral valve disease included in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of 3 colostrum replacement strategies on immunoglobulin G absorption efficiency, passive immunity, health, and growth in beef calves.","authors":"Siena L Mitman, Hakeem Jenkins, Manuel F Chamorro, Danielle A Mzyk, Derek M Foster, Lisa Gamsjäger","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0139","DOIUrl":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study objectives were to calculate the apparent efficiency of immunoglobulin G (IgG) absorption in beef calves receiving complete colostrum replacement and to compare the effects of 3 colostrum replacement strategies on the apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (AEA), transfer of passive immunity (TPI), morbidity, mortality, and average daily gain (ADG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>45 newborn beef calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 colostrum interventions. Group A received approximately 170 g of IgG via colostrum replacer after birth. Group B received approximately 250 g of IgG in 2 feedings within 6 to 8 hours. Group C received approximately 250 g of IgG in 3 feedings within 12 to 14 hours. Serum IgG concentrations were determined at 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours. Transfer of passive immunity, AEA, and ADG were compared among intervention groups. Transfer of passive immunity, morbidity, mortality, and ADG were also compared to 15 control calves left with their dams for natural nursing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median AEA for groups A, B, and C at approximately 24 hours was 36.2%, 26.3%, and 23.9%, respectively, with no significant differences among groups when accounting for other covariates. Average serum IgG concentration and the proportion of calves with failed TPI (IgG < 10 g/L) and adequate TPI (IgG ≥ 24 g/L) was not statistically different among intervention and control groups. Morbidity, mortality, and ADG until weaning was similar among all groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AEA in beef calves was lower than that reported in dairy calves. All colostrum replacement strategies prevented failed TPI. There was no difference in health and growth outcomes between intervention and control groups.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>While timely feeding of ≥ 170 g of IgG prevented failed TPI in beef calves, ≥ 250 g of IgG may be necessary to achieve adequate TPI. Producers and veterinarians should not hesitate to intervene to ensure timely colostrum ingestion.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective evaluation of nonporous wrap fails to minimize inadvertent perianesthetic hypothermia in healthy canine patients undergoing ovariohysterectomy.","authors":"Courtney M Bartels, Bharadhwaj Ranganathan, Maureen Spinner","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.06.0429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.06.0429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To prospectively evaluate a nonporous wrap's ability to prevent inadvertent perianesthetic hypothermia (IPH) in canines undergoing ovariohysterectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All client-owned canines and felines undergoing ovariohysterectomy performed by preclinical veterinary students at Michigan State University between November 2022 and November 2023 were prospectively enrolled into 1 of 4 treatment groups using block randomization. Patients were excluded if they were unamenable to rectal temperatures, had a body temperature ≥ 103.5 °F (39.7 °C), had incomplete medical records, or were a feline. All patients received intraoperative active warming via a circulating warm water blanket (AW). Experimental treatment groups were supplemented with nonporous wrap placed to either the distal extremities (AW+Limbs), around the head (AW+Head), or to the distal extremities and head (AW+Limbs+Head). Core temperatures were monitored from intubation to extubation. Normality was verified with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Analysis included ANOVA/ANCOVA and regression. Continuous variables were centered for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>50 canines were enrolled. No statistically significant difference in preventing IPH with the use of supplemental nonporous wrap was identified. The decreases in rectal temperatures were 3.8 °F (AW), 3.7 °F (AW+Limbs), 5.3 °F (AW+Head), and 4.1 °F (AW+Limbs+Head). No intraoperative or postoperative complications associated with wrap placement were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Placing nonporous wrap on canines undergoing ovariohysterectomy resulted in no statistically significant benefit in combating IPH.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Supplementing active warming with a nonporous wrap placed to enable evaluation of a blink reflex cannot be recommended at this time.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial and leg proliferative skin lesions in a Northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos).","authors":"Sara Tonissen, C Robert Stilz, Nicole M Nemeth","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.06.0383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.06.0383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}