Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Post cholecystectomy gossypiboma mimicking a liver hydatid cyst: comprehensive literature review.","authors":"Yusuf Yagmur,&nbsp;Sami Akbulut,&nbsp;Serdar Gumus","doi":"10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.22001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.22001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gossypiboma is the term for forgotten textile products such as a surgical sponge and compress in the body cavity after a surgical procedure.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate previously published articles related to post cholecystectomy gossypiboma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search using PubMed, Medline, Google and Google Scholar on post cholecystectomy gossypiboma. The keywords used were: gossypiboma and cholecystectomy, textiloma and cholecystectomy and post cholecystectomy gossypiboma. Furthermore, we also present a new case of post cholecystectomy gossypiboma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 32 articles concerning 38 patients with post cholecystectomy gossypiboma that met the aforementioned criteria were included. Detailed intraoperative findings and surgical management were provided. The patients were aged from 26 to 79 years (Mean ± SD: 47 ± 13.6 years); 32 were female and six were male. The time from the causative operation to presentation with a retained surgical sponge ranged from one to 480 months (Mean ± SD: 56.5 ± 93.5 months).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gossypiboma may not be symptomatic for many years or could be symptomatic for a short duration of time. Besides being a rare surgical complication, gossypiboma can lead to serious morbidity and mortality that may cause medico-legal problems. Diagnosis with imaging methods is difficult.</p>","PeriodicalId":14628,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e22001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.22001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34158469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Ferritin Levels Correlation With Heart and Liver MRI and LIC in Patients With Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia.","authors":"Zahra Majd,&nbsp;Sezaneh Haghpanah,&nbsp;Gholam Hossein Ajami,&nbsp;Sara Matin,&nbsp;Hamid Namazi,&nbsp;Marzieh Bardestani,&nbsp;Mehran Karimi","doi":"10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.24959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.24959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron-loaded cardiac complication is the essential cause of mortality in patients with thalassemia. Early detection and treatment of cardiac over-load can reduce mortality.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum ferritin levels and T2* magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of heart and liver and liver iron concentration (LIC) to diagnose iron over load in countries with limited access.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In the current cross-sectional study, 85 Iranian patients with thalassemia with the mean age of 22.7 ± 7 years were randomly selected. All patients were on regular blood transfusion. Echocardiography of heart and liver T2* MRI, determination of serum ferritin levels, and LIC were performed in all subjects at the same time. The correlation of serum ferritin levels with T2*MRI of heart and liver, and LIC was assessed. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Abnormal myocardial iron load (T2* MRI < 20 ms) was detected in 58% of the patients and among whom, 36% had severe myocardial iron load (T2* MRI < 10 ms). Median and interquartile range of serum ferritin levels were 1434 and 2702 respectively in patients with thalassemia. Serum ferritin levels showed a statistically significant positive correlation with LIC (rs = 0.718, P < 0.001) and significant negative correlation with T2* Heart (rs = -0.329, P = 0.002), and T2* Liver (rs = -0.698, P < 0.001). However, Ejection fraction was not significantly correlated with serum ferritin levels in the patients (P = 0.399).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum ferritin levels can be used to diagnose iron over-load in patients with thalassemiaas an alternative method in areas where T2* MRI is not available.</p>","PeriodicalId":14628,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e24959"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1c/6d/ircmj-17-04-24959.PMC4443302.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34161561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of In Vivo Transfection Efficiency of Eudragit Coated Nanoparticles of Chitosan-DNA: A pH-sensitive System Prepared for Oral DNA Delivery.","authors":"Sedigheh Momenzadeh,&nbsp;Abdorrahim Sadeghi,&nbsp;Nasimeh Vatandoust,&nbsp;Rasoul Salehi","doi":"10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.16761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.16761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Success of any gene therapy protocol relies mostly on using an efficient carrier to direct nucleic acid to the place of action. The system should also have transfection ability at release site. Different routes are available for delivering genetic materials to the target organs, amongst them; oral delivery is particularly attractive for certain reasons. However, serious obstacles, like acidic environment of stomach and presence of protease and nuclease enzymes in gastrointestinal (GI) tract, make oral route a highly challenging option.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study suggests preparation of gene nanoparticles (NPs) of chitosan within a layer of Eudragit L100 for oral delivery of nucleic acid. The nanoparticles have some features both in size and polymer properties that can be penetrating enough to transfect epithelial layer cells of intestine and protect the entrapped materials against stomach harsh condition.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this experimental study, conducted in Iran, particles were prepared by coacervation technique followed by encapsulation of nanoparticle within a coat of Eudragit L100 using solvent evaporation technique. Formulation behavior was monitored both in vitro and in vivo. Stability of particle construction and release profile of DNA were examined at pH of ± 0.8 environ pKa of Eudragit. Size and zeta potential of particles were measured. To demonstrate transfection efficiency of the constructed carrier, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out using human insulin specific primers on total RNA extracted from upper part of small intestine of 48-hour post-transfected rats (sampled by simple random selection, n = 3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean size and zeta potential of particles were 300 ± 4 nm and 14 ± 0.5 mV, respectively. Encapsulation of this system was 89.6 ± 1.2%. DNA release from batches was less than 12% at pH = 5.2 and more than 60% at pH = 6.8 with significant difference of P < 0.05. RT-PCR product confirmed the presence of insulin transcript of 437 bp in upper intestinal extracts of the transfected rats. No band of DNA was seen after RT-PCR of placebo form of nanoparticles received group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Eudragit coated nanoparticle of chitosan is an efficient choice for oral delivery of DNA to upper part of GI tract.</p>","PeriodicalId":14628,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e16761"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b4/fc/ircmj-17-04-16761.PMC4443396.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34158465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the protective effect of silibinin against diazinon induced hepatotoxicity and free-radical damage in rat liver.","authors":"Halil Beydilli,&nbsp;Nigar Yilmaz,&nbsp;Esin Sakalli Cetin,&nbsp;Yasar Topal,&nbsp;Ozgur Ilhan Celik,&nbsp;Cem Sahin,&nbsp;Hatice Topal,&nbsp;Ibrahim Hakki Cigerci,&nbsp;Hamdi Sozen","doi":"10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.25310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.25310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diazinon (0,0-Diethyl 0-(1-6-methyl-2-isoprophyl 4 pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate) (DI) is a very effective organophosphate pesticide, used widely in agriculture. Consequently, data on poisoning cases secondary to DI exposure are important. The DI may affect a variety of tissues, including liver. Silibinin is a pharmacologically active constitute of Silybum marianum, with documented antioxidant activity.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of our study was to evaluate both histopathologically and biochemically whether silibinin is protective in DI induced liver damage.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty two Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups, as follows: 1) control group - oral corn oil was given; 2) DI group - rats were administered orally 335 mg/kg in the corn oil solution; 3) Silibinin group - 100 mg/kg/day silibinin was given alone orally, every 24 hours for 7 days; 4) Silibinin + DI group - DI plus silibinin was given. All rats were sacrificed at the end of experiment. Superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), nitric oxide (NO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were investigated in serum and liver tissue. In addition, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme activities were evaluated. The liver tissue was evaluated histopathologically with Hematoxilin & Eosin dye.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Biochemically, ALT, AST, NO, MPO in serum and NO, MPO in liver tissue were found to be significantly higher in DI group, compared to control group (P < 0.001). In Group Silibinin + DI, serum AST, ALT, NO, MPO levels were significantly lower (P < 0.01), and both serum and tissue SOD activities were significantly higher, compared to DI group (P < 0.001). Diazinon induced histopathological changes in liver tissue were: severe sinusoidal dilatation, moderate disruption of the radial alignment of hepatocytes around the central vein, severe vacuolization in the hepatocyte cytoplasm, inflammation around central vein and portal region. In rats receiving both DI and silibinin, the DI induced changes accounted for less sinusoidal dilatation, vacuolization in the hepatocyte cytoplasm and the inflammation around central vein and portal region (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The DI was found to induce liver damage by oxidative stress mechanisms. Silibinin reduced the oxidative stress by inducing antioxidant mechanisms, thereby showing protective effect against DI induced liver damage. Further studies with silibinin should be performed regarding DI toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14628,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e25310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.25310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34161562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of cinnamon on menstrual bleeding and systemic symptoms with primary dysmenorrhea.","authors":"Molouk Jaafarpour,&nbsp;Masoud Hatefi,&nbsp;Fatemeh Najafi,&nbsp;Javaher Khajavikhan,&nbsp;Ali Khani","doi":"10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.27032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.27032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary dysmenorrhea with interferes in daily activities can have adverse effects on quality of life of women.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Regarding the use of herbal medicine, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of cinnamon on primary dysmenorrhea in a sample of Iranian female college students from Ilam University of Medical Sciences (west of Iran) during 2013-2014.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In a randomized double-blind trial, 76 female student received placebo (n = 38, capsules containing starch, three times a day (TDS)) or cinnamon (n = 38, capsules containing 420 mg cinnamon, TDS) in 24 hours. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to determine the severity of pain and nausea. Vomiting and menstrual bleeding were assessed by counting the number of saturated pads. The parameters were recorded in the group during the first 72 hours of the cycle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean amount of menstrual bleeding in the cinnamon group was significantly lower than the placebo group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). The mean pain severity score in the cinnamon group was less than the placebo group at various intervals (4.1 ± 0.5 vs. 6.1 ± 0.4 at 24 hours, 3.2 ± 0.6 vs. 6.1 ± 0.4 at 48 hours, and 1.8 ± 0.4 vs. 4.0 ± 0.3 at 72 hours, respectively) (P < 0.001). The mean severity of nausea and the frequencies of vomiting significantly decreased in the cinnamon group compared with the placebo group at various intervals (P < 0.001, P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regarding the significant effect of cinnamon on reduction of pain, menstrual bleeding, nausea and vomiting with primary dysmenorrhea without side effects, it can be regarded as a safe and effective treatment for dysmenorrhea in young women.</p>","PeriodicalId":14628,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e27032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.27032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33880736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal discriminant analysis of hemoglobin level for predicting preeclampsia.","authors":"Malihe Nasiri,&nbsp;Soghrat Faghihzadeh,&nbsp;Hamid Alavi Majd,&nbsp;Farid Zayeri,&nbsp;Noorosadat Kariman,&nbsp;Nastaran Safavi Ardebili","doi":"10.5812/ircmj.19489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.19489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preeclampsia is one of the most serious complications during pregnancy with important effects on health of mother and fetus that causes maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This study was performed to evaluate whether high levels of hemoglobin may increase the risk of preeclampsia.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aimed to predict preeclampsia by the hemoglobin profiles through longitudinal discriminant analysis and comparing the error rate of discrimination in longitudinal and cross sectional data.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In a prospective cohort study from October 2010 to July 2011, 650 pregnant women referred to the prenatal clinic of Milad Hospital in Tehran were evaluated in 3 stages. The hemoglobin level of each woman was measured in the first, second, and third trimester of pregnancy by an expert technician. The subjects were followed up to delivery and preeclampsia was the main outcome under study. The covariance pattern and linear-mixed effects models are common methods that were applied for discriminant analysis of longitudinal data. Also Student t, Mann-Whitney U, and chi-square tests were used for comparing the demographic and clinical characteristics between two groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS software version 9.1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence rate of preeclampsia was 7.2% (47 women). The women with preeclampsia had a higher mean of hemoglobin values and the difference was 0.46 g/dL (P = 0.003). Also the mean of hemoglobin in the first trimester was higher than that of the second trimester, and was lower than that of the third trimester and the differences were significant (P = 0.015 and P < 0.001, respectively). The sensitivity for longitudinal data and cross-sectional data in three trimesters was 90%, 67%, 72%, and 54% and the specificity was 88%, 55%, 63%, and 50%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The levels of hemoglobin can be used to predict preeclampsia and monitoring the pregnant women and its regular measure in 3 trimesters help us to identify women at risk for preeclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14628,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e19489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/83/9d/ircmj-17-03-19489.PMC4441775.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34225738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual growth of upper lip squamous cell carcinoma: a case report.","authors":"Slobodan Stojanovic,&nbsp;Marina Jovanovic,&nbsp;Nada Vuckovic","doi":"10.5812/ircmj.13478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.13478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of lip and oral cavity cancers. In majority of cases it follows quite common course, and after the surgery it does not produce any harm. This case presents unusual and unexpected growth of upper lip squamous cell carcinoma with severe cosmetic problems, and possible health threats.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 46-year-old woman noticed on her upper lip \"a spot, the size of a wheat grain\", which grew rapidly and reached the size of 0.6 cm during a two-week period. The lesion was red, hard and painful, attached to the skin. It was surgically removed, and primary histopathological finding was follicular keratosis. Recurrent tumor appeared seven days after the operation, with the extreme swelling of the upper lip. The patient was sent to a tertiary hospital, where fungal or bacterial infection was excluded. The change on the patient's upper lip reached the size of 5 × 2 cm, as soft, reddish nodular tumor. Squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed after the histopathological audit. With the second surgical intervention the tumor was removed and the defect reconstructed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prognosis of this type of tumor, apart from its size and differentiation level, depends on infiltration in tumor-surrounding tissue, perineural and perivascular spread. Therefore, it is always necessary to analyze the removed skin especially on margins.</p>","PeriodicalId":14628,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e13478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/10/5a/ircmj-17-03-13478.PMC4441773.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34158054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating glucocorticoid administration on biomechanical properties of rats' tibial diaphysis.","authors":"Mohammadjavad Freidouni,&nbsp;Hossein Nejati,&nbsp;Maryam Salimi,&nbsp;Mohammad Bayat,&nbsp;Abdollah Amini,&nbsp;Mohsen Noruzian,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Asgharie,&nbsp;Milad Rezaian","doi":"10.5812/ircmj.19389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.19389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoporosis is a disease, which causes bone loss and fractures. Although glucocorticoids effectively suppress inflammation, their chronic use is accompanied by bone loss with a tendency toward secondary osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study took into consideration the importance of cortical bone in the entire bone's mechanical competence. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of different protocols of glucocorticoid administration on the biomechanical properties of tibial bone diaphysis in rats compared to control and low-level laser-treated rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This experimental study was conducted at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. We used systematic random sampling to divide 40 adult male rats into 8 groups with 5 rats in each group. Groups were as follows: 1) control, 2) dexamethasone (7 mg/week), 3) dexamethasone (0.7 mg/week), 4) methylprednisolone (7 mg/kg/week), 5) methylprednisolone (5 mg/kg twice weekly), 6) dexamethasone (7 mg/kg three times per week), 7) dexamethasone (0.7 mg/kg thrice per week), and 8) low-level laser-treated rats. The study periods were 4-7 weeks. At the end of the treatment periods, we examined the mechanical properties of tibial bone diaphysis. Data were analyzed by statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glucocorticoid-treated rats showed weight loss and considerable mortality (21%). The biomechanical properties (maximum force) of glucocorticoid-treated rats in groups 4 (62 ± 2.9), 6 (63 ± 5.1), and 7 (60 ± 5.3) were comparable with the control (46 ± 1.5) and low-level laser-treated (57 ± 3.2) rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In contrast to the findings in humans and certain other species, glucocorticoid administration caused anabolic effect on the cortical bone of tibia diaphysis bone in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":14628,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e19389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/28/9c/ircmj-17-03-19389.PMC4441779.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34225737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting the communication competence in Iranian nursing students: a qualitative study.","authors":"Mina Jouzi,&nbsp;Zohreh Vanaki,&nbsp;Easa Mohammadi","doi":"10.5812/ircmj.19660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.19660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Communication competence in nursing students is one of the nursing education requirements, especially during the internship period, the final stage of the bachelor nursing education in Iran. Several factors can influence this competence and identifying them could help provide safe care by nursing students in the future.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate factors that influence nursing students' communication competence.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A purposeful sampling technique was used to select 18 nursing students who had completed their internship. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and data were analyzed by the conventional qualitative content analysis method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After data analysis, three main categories were achieved: organizational factors, humanistic factors and socio-cultural factors. The main and latent theme that affected the students' communication competence was not being accepted as a caregiver in the clinical environment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With regards to students not being accepted in health care environments, it is recommended to plan special programs for empowering students to acquire better social state and acceptance by the health care team.</p>","PeriodicalId":14628,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e19660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/60/ef/ircmj-17-03-19660.PMC4441787.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34225739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of equisetum arvense (horse tail) ointment on wound healing and pain intensity after episiotomy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Azam Asgharikhatooni,&nbsp;Soheila Bani,&nbsp;Shirin Hasanpoor,&nbsp;Sakineh Mohammad Alizade,&nbsp;Yousef Javadzadeh","doi":"10.5812/ircmj.25637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.25637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Episiotomy, a common surgical practice in midwifery, is accompanied with high levels of pain and discomfort for mothers. The importance of medicinal herbs and traditional medicine in wound healing cannot be neglected.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Considering the positive effects and easy accessibility of Equisetum arvense, this study examined the effectiveness of topical application of Equisetum arvense ointment in wound healing, reduction of inflammation and pain relief after episiotomy in nulliparous mothers.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This double-blind clinical trial was performed on 108 postpartum nulliparous mothers (54 women in horsetail group and 54 women in placebo group) in Alzahra Educational-Medical Center (Tabriz, Iran). About 5 ± 1 and 10 ± 1 days after the childbirth, the primary outcomes of episiotomy, i.e. wound healing and pain intensity, were assessed based on redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge and approximation of the edges (REEDA) scale and a visual analogue scale (VAS), respectively. The secondary outcomes evaluated in the current research were the number of used painkillers and the adverse events during the 10-day period of the study. Data was analyzed using independent t and Mann-Whitney U tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The case and control groups had no significant differences in for the mean wound healing score (5.0 ± 1.6 vs. 4.1 ± 1.6) and mean pain intensity (5.7 ± 2.4 vs. 5.3 ± 2.2) at baseline. During both follow-up sessions (5 ± 1 and 10 ± 1days after delivery), the mean scores were significantly lower in the case group than the control group. The adjusted pain score difference (MD) after 5 ± 1 and 10 ± 1 days was -2.3 (95% CI: -3.2 to -1.3) and 3.8 (95% CI: -4.7 to -3.0), respectively. The mean numbers of acetaminophen pills used in the control and case groups during the 10-day period of the study were 6.8 ± 4.4 and 11.6 ± 7.1, respectively (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to our findings, 3% Equisetum arvense ointment promoted wound healing and relieved pain during the 10-day period after episiotomy. Since this study was the first to assess the effects of Equisetum arvense ointment on wound healing and pain intensity following episiotomy in humans, further research is warranted to fully clarify the beneficial effects of prepared ointment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14628,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e25637"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5812/ircmj.25637","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34155317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}