Irish Journal of Medical Science最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual functions after holmium laser prostate enucleation.","authors":"Guclu Gurlen, Mubariz Aydamirov, Ediz Vuruskan, Bugra Aksay, Kadir Karkin","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03854-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03854-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies evaluating lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sexual functions after holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) are very limited.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate both the LUTS voiding and storage functions of patients after HoLEP operation and to examine its effect on postoperative sexual functions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data of male patients who underwent HoLEP for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) between May 2019 and February 2022 were evaluated. The International Prostate Symptom Index (IPSS) was used for questioning LUTS. The International Erectile Function Index-Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) section was completed to evaluate erectile functions and Male Sexual Health Questionnaire-Ejaculation function (MSHQ-EjD) was completed to evaluate ejaculation functions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 427 patients were included in the study. A significant improvement was found in IPSS total, storage, and voiding scores at the 3rd month follow-ups of the patients after HoLEP. While improvement was detected in the erectile functions of the patients (p < 0.001), a significant decrease was found in MSHQ-EjD scores (15.97 ± 2.26 vs. 11.02 ± 3.69; p = 0.002). More than 50% reduction in IPSS scores was found in 85.48% (365/427) of the patients. It was determined that the patients who did not benefit from the treatment had higher preoperative IPSS-storage symptoms (p = 0.001), lower IIEF-EF scores (p < 0.001), and higher PVRs (p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HoLEP is an effective method that can be used safely and effectively in the treatment of LUTS due to BPH. While both storage and voiding functions of the patients improve, there is no worsening in erectile functions, but deterioration in ejaculation functions can be observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"385-389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum FoxO1 and SIRT2 concentrations in healthy pregnant women and complicated by preeclampsia.","authors":"Asuman Akkaya Fırat, Ebru Alıcı Davutoğlu, Aysegül Özel, Serap Fırtına Tuncer, Nevin Yılmaz, Rıza Madazlı","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03865-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03865-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sirtuins and FoxO1 are reported to be important in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. This study aimed to investigate whether serum FoxO1 and SIRT2 concentrations differ between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy and also to compare these markers in early- and late-onset preeclampsia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 27 women with early-onset preeclampsia, 27 women with late-onset preeclampsia, and 26 healthy normotensive pregnant controls. Maternal serum levels of FoxO1 and SIRT2 were measured with the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean maternal serum FoxO1 levels were significantly lower both in early-onset (9.1 ± 3.8 vs. 29.1 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) and late-onset preeclampsia (2.6 ± 1.6 vs. 29.1 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) than the normotensive pregnancies. The mean maternal serum FoxO1 level of late-onset preeclampsia was significantly lower than the early-onset preeclampsia group (2.6 ± 1.6 vs. 9.1 ± 3.8, p < 0.001). The mean maternal serum SIRT2 levels were significantly lower both in early-onset (4.5 ± 2.1 vs. 6.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001) and late-onset preeclampsia (2.1 ± 0.6 vs. 6.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001) than the healthy pregnancies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FoxO1 and SIRT2 may be biomarkers for early detection of preeclampsia and potential therapeutic targets in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"181-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of patients presenting to the emergency department as \"apparently drunk\".","authors":"Michael Hanrahan, Mary O'Mahony, Darren McLoughlin, Anne Sheahan","doi":"10.1007/s11845-025-03868-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-025-03868-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol, a significant public health concern, contributes to a substantial burden on emergency services. Identifying avoidable causes of Emergency Department (ED) presentations may reduce hospital overcrowding and benefit public health.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This prevalence study aims to provide a detailed analysis of patients presenting to the ED at Mercy University Hospital (MUH) as \"Apparently Drunk\" in 2022 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were sourced from the Integrated Patient Management Information System at MUH. All patients recorded as \"Apparently Drunk\" were included. Data collected included demographics, associated injuries or complaints, mode of arrival, admission status, and discharge status. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data and trends were examined by comparing 2022 and 2023 data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1662 presentations were categorised as \"Apparently Drunk,\" representing 3% of all ED visits. There was an 18% increase in such presentations from 2022 to 2023. The majority of patients were male (72%). The median age was 39 years. Notably, 23% of the presentations involved people experiencing homelessness, and 81% were conveyed by ambulance. Significant associated injuries included head injuries (7%), falls/collapses (6%), mental health issues (5%), and assaults (4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate a growing trend in patients presenting to the ED as \"Apparently Drunk\". The high incidence among people experiencing homelessness and the substantial resource utilisation underscores the need for targeted public health interventions and integrated services. Policymakers should consider these findings in the context of potential legislative changes that may impact alcohol availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"375-384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between early and late weight bearing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery.","authors":"Mohammed Bagir Al-Sharaa, Mustafa M Al-Edanni, Mohammed Sh Al-Edanni, Ali Ehsan Alwindawi","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03796-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03796-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a strip of dense connective tissue that runs from the femur to the tibia with a relatively poor blood supply. It prevents the femoral condyles from rolling posteriorly. ACL is commonly injured in any knee trauma, ranging from a little sprain to a total rupture. The arthroscope is the gold standard approach for identifying ACL tears, which may be treated conservatively or surgically.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To assess the efficiency of immediate and delayed weight bearing after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Cohort longitudinal study carried through 6 years from 2017 to 2023 et al.-kindy Teaching, Ulamaa, and Almuktar hospitals 186 patients, the patients were divided randomly into 2 groups, group A (n = 93) with immediate (after 10 days) weight bearing and group B (n = 93) with delayed (after 1 month) weight bearing following ACL reconstruction. any patients with chondral lesions, aged less than 19 or more than 40 years, knee osteoarthritis, ligament damage, and deformity in lower extremities were excluded. Patients from both groups A and B had complete ACL tears and underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction follow-up for 6 months duration regarding stiffness, infection, giving up pain, swelling, and quadriceps muscle atrophy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In group A, there were 93 patients,70 male and 23 female, and meniscal injury was 89 patients. While in group B (93 patients) 57 male and 36 female, meniscal injury in group B was 91. There is a statistically significant difference regarding knee swelling. (80.6% in group A, and 10.8% in group B), and knee pain in which (79.6% in group A patients and only 7.5% in group B). There is no significant value between the two groups about the knee getting given up, infection, stiffness, and quadriceps muscle atrophy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Delay weight bearing after ACL reconstruction makes the patients less prone to knee pain and effusion but more prone to quadriceps muscle atrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"119-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fear of COVID-19 and mental health status among the medical students of a selected medical college in Bangladesh.","authors":"Syed Muhammad Baqui Billah, Shefat Ahmed Sayef, Serajam Munira Mahjabin Nur, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Sanjida Khanom Chowa, Abida Yasmin, Mosa Sanjida Akter, Sayma Shajnin, Asif Ahmed Zaman, Mahmudul Hassan Banna","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03833-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03833-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 pandemic and mental health of people are related to each other.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the relationship between fear of COVID-19 (FCOV) and the psychological status of medical students of Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 967 medical students and intern doctors of Sher-E-Bangla Medical College participated in this cross-sectional study. FCOV was measured using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). Mental health status was assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Correlation between these two variables was done followed by general linear model to assess the relationship of other covariates with mental health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FCOV had a highly significant relationship with mental health (DASS-21 and all its components, p < 0.001 for all). Females suffered more from fear than males except the interns. Clinical students, students with middle income groups, students residing with the families, and students having family members in health services exhibited more FCOV compared to their counterparts. When we looked at the DASS-21 and its components, females suffered more from stress. Having family members in health services was related to higher anxiety and stress with higher DASS-21 scores as well. Students who expressed their lives to be affected by COVID-19 had higher DASS-21 and its components compared to those whose lives were not affected as such. Students residing with their families revealed increased stress. FCOV and life affected by COVID-19 were constantly related to DASS-21 and its components (p < 0.001), adjusted for other variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fear of COVID-19 is associated with poor mental health of medical students.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"225-231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications in interventional radiology: early detection and effective intervention strategies.","authors":"Hugo C Temperley, Annabel Hylands, Niall J O'Sullivan, Benjamin M Mac Curtain, Tatiana S Temperley, Caitlin Waters, Niall McEniff, Ian Brennan, Kevin Sheahan","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03845-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03845-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of complications in interventional radiology (IR), focusing on their aetiology, recognition, and management. As IR procedures continue to evolve and expand, understanding potential adverse events is crucial for improving patient safety and outcomes. The review will summarise various common complications associated with IR-based procedures, including their presentation, aetiology, and management. By consolidating current knowledge on these issues, the review offers valuable insights into minimising risks and enhancing procedural success. This synthesis will aid practitioners' knowledge and ultimately try and ensure safer IR practices and aftercare of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142768865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knee pain and function in retired male intercounty GAA players: an exploratory study.","authors":"Sean Carmody, Ronan Kearney, Chantelle Doran, Gurneet Brar, Vincent Gouttebarge","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03853-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03853-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Knee injuries are common among elite intercounty Gaelic games players (collectively GAA players).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The primary aim was to examine knee pain, function, and quality of life in retired elite male GAA players. Secondary objectives were to (i) report the incidence of previous knee surgery and total knee replacement, (ii) assess medication usage, and (iii) investigate any associations between a history of knee injury and/or knee surgery and knee pain, function, and quality of life among retired elite male GAA players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred retired male senior intercounty GAA players were surveyed on their history of severe knee injury and previous knee surgery (68 completed survey; 47 Gaelic football, 20 hurling, 1 dual player). The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health (PROMIS-GH) were used to assess level of function and pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-seven (69%) of the retired players described experiencing at least one severe knee injury during their intercounty career. Fourteen (21%) participants retired due to a significant knee injury. Mean KOOS-SP score was 75.5 (SD 17). The Global Physical Health and Global Mental Health mean scores were 44 and 51. There was a low negative correlation between KOOS-SP scores and a history of severe knee injury (r = -0.35, p = 0.001). Moderate negative correlation between Global Mental Health scores and a history of severe knee injuries (r = -0.36, p = 0.386) and a very weak negative correlation between the number of surgeries during a participant's intercounty career and Global Mental Health score (r = -0.089, p = 0.234).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Severe knee injuries and knee surgery are common among male intercounty GAA players. These injuries lead to self-reported reduced performance and retirement and are potentially associated with worse health-related outcomes post-intercounty career. Further well-designed studies, including among retired women GAA players, are required to assess the relationship between knee injuries and long-term athlete outcomes. Improved injury prevention efforts, enhanced rehabilitation of knee injuries, and post-retirement care may mitigate the adverse effects associated with severe knee injuries among male GAA players.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"147-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretation of acid-base metabolism on arterial blood gas samples via machine learning algorithms.","authors":"Habib Ozdemir, Muhammed Ikbal Sasmaz, Ramazan Guven, Akkan Avci","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03767-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03767-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Arterial blood gas evaluation is crucial for critically ill patients, as it provides essential information about acid-base metabolism and respiratory balance, but evaluation can be complex and time-consuming. Artificial intelligence can perform tasks that require human intelligence, and it is revolutionizing healthcare through technological advancements.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to assess arterial blood gas evaluation using artificial intelligence algorithms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 21.541 retrospective arterial blood gas samples, categorized into 15 different classes by experts for evaluating acid-base metabolism status. Six machine learning algorithms were utilized; accuracy, balanced accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F1 values of the models were determined; and ROC curves were drawn to assess areas under the curve for each class. Evaluation of which sample was estimated in which class was conducted using the confusion matrices of the models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bagging classifier (BC) model achieved the highest balanced accuracy with 99.24%, whereas the XGBoost model reached the highest accuracy with 99.66%. The BC model shows 100% sensitivity for nine classes and 100% specificity for 10 classes, and the model correctly predicted 6438 of 6463 test samples and achieved an accuracy of 99.61%, with an area under the curve > 0.9 in all classes on a class basis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The machine learning models developed exhibited remarkable accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in predicting the status of acid-base metabolism. However, implementing these models can aid clinicians, freeing up their time for more intricate tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"277-287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11860982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic role of serum copeptin levels in adults with graded traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Olgun Demir, Adem Az, Sumeyye Cakmak, Ozgur Sogut","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03818-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03818-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The efficacy of copeptin in patients with severe head injuries remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the role of serum copeptin levels in detecting intracranial injury, assessing trauma severity, and predicting outcomes in adults with graded traumatic brain injury (TBI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective non-randomized controlled study enrolled 78 adults with isolated head trauma, as well as 59 age- and sex-matched controls. Baseline serum copeptin levels were measured in both groups. Patients were categorized by head trauma severity using Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores (severe GCS 3-8, moderate GCS 9-13, mild GCS 14-15) and by the presence of intracerebral or extracerebral lesions on cranial computed tomography (CCT). Patients were also classified as survivors or non-survivors. Serum copeptin levels were compared among these.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean serum copeptin levels were significantly higher in patients with graded TBI than in controls. Furthermore, patients with severe and moderate head trauma had significantly higher copeptin levels compared with patients exhibiting mild trauma. An optimal copeptin cutoff value of > 1147 pg/mL was identified, indicating the presence of moderate or severe trauma in TBI patients. Patients with abnormal CCT findings had significantly higher mean serum copeptin levels compared with patients exhibiting normal CCT scans. Non-survivors also showed significantly higher serum copeptin levels compared with survivors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum copeptin levels rise after graded TBI and can distinguish between patients with and without intracranial or extracranial lesions evident on CCT. Copeptin levels also aid in identifying moderate or severe TBI and in predicting 28-day mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"353-360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient's barrier to initiate insulin therapy for type 2 D.M.","authors":"Ruqaya Adnan Salih, Anmar B Al-Dewachi, Zaid Muayad Yassen, Saad Abdul-Razzak Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03826-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03826-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes Mellitus is a health challenging of the century, more than 300 million people lives with diabetes, and it is one of the biggest global health concerns, awing to its complications. Good glycemic control is the cornerstone to decrease risk of type 2 diabetes complications. Even though, many people still have poor glycemic control which can be partly attributed to late insulin initiation, that can be challenging and forced by numbers of barriers. Identification and analysis of these barriers is crucial to find out effective way to overcome them.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess patient's barriers to initiate insulin therapy among diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A case series study was conducted during the period extending from July 2023 to June 2024, and a total of 360 participants with type two diabetes were included in this study from four Family Medicine Health Centers. Collected data tabulated and analyzed using Excel sheets and applying the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 24.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>26% of the participants were 45-55 years age group, 40% has been diagnosed with diabetes for 5-10 years, and 66% have developed diabetic complications. Fear from hypoglycemia was the comments barrier to initiate insulin therapy and is seen in 84% of the participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many barriers have been identified to influence the initiation of insulin therapy, fear from hypoglycemia was found to be the most influencing barrier. Increasing patient's awareness of symptoms of hypoglycemia, and always take their meal after insulin injection can help to overcome hypoglycemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"161-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}