Iranian Biomedical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Transdermal Iontophoresis Insulin in Laboratory Animals: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Zeinab Ahmadpour Emshi, Mohammad Mohsen Roostayi, Aliyeh Daryabor, Sedigheh Sadat Naimi, Maryam Niajalili","doi":"10.61882/ibj.5127","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ibj.5127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insulin therapy is essential for regulating glucose levels in diabetic patients. However, subcutaneous insulin injection, despite being a standard procedure, is invasive and often painful and can lead to complications such as skin damage and infections. These issues often result in poor patient compliance and inadequate glycemic control. Recently, transdermal insulin administration has been explored as an alternative to subcutaneous methods; however, no universally accepted protocol has been developed for its use. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of iontophoresis on transdermal insulin administration in laboratory animals. Using the PICO search strategy and in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, relevant articles published from January 1980 to May 2025 were retrieved from Scopus, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, PEDro, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The findings from these studies suggest that combining iontophoresis with physical enhancers of skin penetration can effectively regulate blood glucose levels while minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"29 4","pages":"189-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12584341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apyrase Protein (PsSP42) Expression in DNA Construct Transfected COS-7 Cells.","authors":"Samira Hosseinpour Jahednia, Hossein Rezvan, Alireza Nourian, Tahereh Taheri, Negar Seyed, Zahra Eghbali, Elham Gholami, Sima Rafati","doi":"10.61882/ibj.5055","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ibj.5055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>DNA vaccines offer dual humoral and cellular immunity, showing potential effectiveness against intracellular parasites, including Leishmania. However, challenges in delivering large DNA constructs has been already existed, which influence protein expression and immune efficacy. This study evaluated the expression of P. sergenti salivary protein PsSP42 in COS-7 cells. Confirming the expression of PsSP42 is crucial before its use as a DNA vaccine in preclinical experiments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression of the PsSP42 protein was achieved using two plasmids: the small, antibiotic-free plasmid NTC9385R and the conventional plasmid VR1020. Both recombinant vectors were transfected into COS-7 cells using electroporation and PEI-mediated transfection methods. Ni-NTA beads were utilized to enrich proteins from the supernatants collected from transfected cells, and expression was confirmed by Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Successful expression of the PsSP42 protein was affirmed from both VR1020-PsSP42 and NTC-PsSP42 constructs in the transfected COS-7 cells, regardless of the transfection method employed (PEI or electroporation). A 39.6 kDa band corresponding to the PsSP42 protein was detected, indicating its secretion into the supernatants of COS-7 cells transfected with both plasmids.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Plasmids VR1020-PsSP42 and NTC-PsSP42 demonstrated similar protein expression levels in vitro, regardless of the transfection method used. Performing these evaluations is recommended to thoroughly assess construct expression levels before conducting in vivo studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"29 4","pages":"206-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12584350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apoferritin-Functionalized with Wheat Germ Agglutinin and Loaded with Antibiotic for Targeting Bacteria.","authors":"Qristine G Gyurjyan, Gayane G Poghosyan, Vardan K Gasparyan","doi":"10.61882/ibj.5039","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ibj.5039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The selective delivery of drugs to their targets prevents their possible side effects; hence, the development of selective transport systems is considered extremely promising. In the present study, we aimed to develop a drug delivery system for targeting bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Functionalization of apoferritin with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), as a bacteria-recognizing lectin, was conducted. Afterwards, the complex was loaded with ampicillin. The affinity of the conjugate to Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, was evaluated by anisotropic silver nanoparticles conjugated with this complex, and its interaction with the bacteria was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The drug-delivery capabilities of the composite were evaluated. Results from the disk diffusion assay revealed that its bactericidal activity is 10-fold greater compared to free antibiotics. The effectiveness of the bactericidal effects of ampicillin-loaded ferritin was also confirmed in whole blood.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lectin-conjugated and ampicillin-loaded apoferritin can be considered as effective drug delivery systems for targeting bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"228-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12584351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145053608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing Oral Films Based on Beeswax: Comparative Assessment of 3D Printing and Solvent Casting.","authors":"Pegah Torabi, Shahab Bohlooli, Shadab Shahsavari, Leila Rezaei Shirmard","doi":"10.61882/ibj.5098","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ibj.5098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>From the perspective of drug delivery systems, oral films (OFs) have received increased attention, mainly for pediatric and geriatric applications. Beeswax, a naturally derived and FDA-approved material, is often mixed with other polymers to enhance its mechanical properties. This study presented the first use of precisely controlled, solvent-free pressure-assisted micro-syringe printing to produce OFs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Solvent casting and pressure-assisted micro-syringe printing were employed to produce hybrid film structures composed of beeswax, polyvinyl alcohol, borax, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, loaded with betamethasone as a model drug. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy for their physical appearance, mechanical properties, surface structure, and ultrastructural morphology, as well as their drug content and in vitro drug release.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Films without the drug showed greater irregularities and roughness compared to the drug-loaded films. The physical properties of the formulations improved through three-dimensional (3D) printing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By using 3D printing methods in pharmaceuticals, the treatment procedure would be highly acceptable to patients, increasing their treatment adherence. It is also useful for personal drug delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"29 4","pages":"236-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12584378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145238590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Active and Passive Drug Delivery Strategies.","authors":"Parastoo Tarighi, Seyedeh Mona Mousavi Esfahani, Ali Emamjomeh, Seyedeh Zohreh Mirjalili, Parastoo Mirzabeigi","doi":"10.61882/ibj.4960","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ibj.4960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanocarriers as powerful tools for delivering drugs to tumors provide new strategies for cancer treatment. These delivery systems encompass a diverse variety of structures, including polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), liposomes, dendrimers, micelles, and inorganic NPs such as gold and silica. Each type exhibits distinct physicochemical advantages that contribute to stability, drug-loading capacity, and targeting efficacy. Engineered nanocarriers can be utilized for the active targeting of tumor-specific receptors or for passive targeting of tumors via the enhanced permeability (EPR) and retention effect, a characteristic of abnormal tumor vasculature. This targeting approach enables the precise delivery of the therapeutic agents at tumor sites, increasing drug efficacy while minimizing exposure to healthy tissues. The benefits of these strategies include reduced systemic adverse effects, improved bioavailability, and an optimized therapeutic index. This review examines both active and passive drug delivery systems, with a special focus on the characteristics of the EPR effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"29 4","pages":"173-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12584355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Isomers Modify the Fatty Acid Composition of Liver and Adipose Tissues.","authors":"Guillermo Hernández Díaz, Julio C. Ramírez Nava, Isaac Aguirre Maldonaldo, Beatriz Agame Lagunes, Narvick L. Cortez Ríos, Sandra Hernandez Leyva, Hugo S. García, Alfonso Alexander Aguilera","doi":"10.61882/ibj.4990","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ibj.4990","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are a group of isomers derived from linoleic acid, naturally present in beef, lamb, and dairy products. CLA has been reported to exert therapeutic effects on cancer, obesity, and diabetes. This study evaluated the effects of a mixture containing equal proportions of CLA isomers (c9,t11 and t10,c12) on insulin resistance (IR) and their incorporation into the plasma membranes of adipocytes and hepatocytes in SHRs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;For eight weeks, one group of hypertensive rats received sunflower oil supplemented with CLA isomers, while the control group received only vegetable oil. Serum parameters were measured, and the fatty acid composition of plasma membranes was analyzed using gas chromatography.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Rats treated with CLA isomers showed a reduction in body weight (BW), IR, and hypertension. Additionally, there was a significant incorporation of CLA into the plasma membranes of adipocytes and hepatocytes. In contrast, the control rats displayed higher levels of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid and arachidonic acid (AA) in their membranes, which promote the synthesis of eicosanoids and hypertensive prostaglandins. These findings were further supported by data mining analysis, which linked the results to the expression levels of genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis of PGE2, D2, and F2α from AA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The mixture of CLA isomers reduced BW, IR, and hypertension in SHRs. These effects were associated with the incorporation of c9,t11 and t10,c12 isomers into the plasma membranes of adipocytes and hepatocytes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Conjugated linoleic acids are a group of isomers derived from linoleic acid, naturally present in beef, lamb, and dairy products. CLA has been reported to exert therapeutic effects on cancer, obesity, and diabetes. This study evaluated the effects of a mixture containing equal proportions of CLA isomers (c9,t11 and t10,c12) on IR and their incorporation into the plasma membranes of adipocytes and hepatocytes in SHRs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;For eight weeks, one group of hypertensive rats received sunflower oil supplemented with CLA isomers, while the control group received only vegetable oil. Serum parameters were measured, and the fatty acid composition of plasma membranes was analyzed using gas chromatography.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Rats treated with CLA isomers showed a reduction in BW, IR, and hypertension. Additionally, there was a significant incorporation of CLA into the plasma membranes of adipocytes and hepatocytes. In contrast, the control rats displayed higher levels of n-6 PUFA and AA in their membranes, which promote the synthesis of eicosanoids and hypertensive prostaglandins. These findings were further supported by data mining analysis, which linked the results to the expression levels of genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthes","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"216-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12584349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of rs4646287 Polymorphism with the Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in an Iranian Population.","authors":"Hassan Akrami, Mohammad Reza Fattahi, Mastaneh Zeraatiannejad, Jamal Sarvari, Yousef Nikmanesh, Zahra Mansourabadi, Zahra Yazdani","doi":"10.61882/ibj.4979","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ibj.4979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is responsible for more than one million deaths annually, mainly due to HBV-related diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV enters hepatocytes and interacts with the sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide. While several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been linked to HBV infection and HCC, further research is needed to clarify the precise role of SNPs. The relationship of the rs4646287 SNP with the risk of HBV infection and the progression of cirrhosis and HCC has been investigated in different populations. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the rs4646287 SNP with HBV infection, cirrhosis, and HCC in an Iranian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The whole blood DNA was extracted from healthy individuals and patients with HBV, cirrhosis, and HCC. Primers for the C and T variants were designed using Primer1. The genotypes of the samples were identified using Tetra-ARMS PCR. The Tetra-ARMS PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis on 2.5% agarose gels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with the rs4646287 TT genotype exhibited a significantly reduced risk of developing cirrhosis and HCC compared to healthy controls. The TT genotype also showed a decreased correlation between the HBV group and those with cirrhosis and HCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that the rs4646287 TT genotype is associated with a lower risk of developing HBV-related diseases and HCC in an Iranian population.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis B virus is responsible for more than one million deaths annually, mainly due to HBV-related diseases and HCC. HBV enters hepatocytes and interacts with the NTCP. While several SNPs have been linked to HBV infection and HCC, further research is needed to clarify the precise role of SNPs. The relationship of the rs4646287 SNP with the risk of HBV infection and the progression of cirrhosis and HCC has been investigated in different populations. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the rs4646287 SNP with HBV infection, cirrhosis, and HCC in an Iranian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The whole blood DNA was extracted from healthy individuals and patients with HBV, cirrhosis, and HCC. Primers for the C and T variants were designed using Primer1. The genotypes of the samples were identified using Tetra-ARMS PCR. The Tetra-ARMS PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis on 2.5% agarose gels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with the rs4646287 TT genotype exhibited a significantly reduced risk of developing cirrhosis and HCC compared to healthy controls. The TT genotype also showed a decreased correlation between the HBV group and those with cirrhosis and HCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that the rs4646287 TT genotype is associated with a lower risk of developing HBV-related diseases and HCC in an Iranian population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"260-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12584340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Experimental Platforms to Assess Helicobacter pylori HopQ Interaction with Host CEACAM Molecules.","authors":"Nazanin Shans, Maryam Esmaeili, Kimia Abraheh, Niloofar Asadi Hanjani, Maedeh Farrokhi, Negar Sardarpour, Yeganeh Talebkhan, Fatemeh Kazemi-Lomedasht, Esmat Mirabzadeh, Marjan Mohammadi","doi":"10.61882/ibj.4937/ibj.5029","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ibj.4937/ibj.5029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Helicobacter pylori is an extracellular bacterium responsible for various gastrointestinal diseases, such as peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. It uses multiple mechanisms to colonize the harsh, acidic environment of the stomach and establish its pathogenic processes, mostly through CagA translocation. While cell surface integrin molecules were previously believed to be the main mediators anchoring H. pylori and facilitating this process, recent studies highlight the critical role of the interaction between the bacterial adhesin Helicobacter pylori outer membrane protein Q (HopQ) and host carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) in CagA translocation and subsequent pathogenic signaling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Recombinant proteins, including HopQ, HopQ-GFP (green fluorescent protein), HopQ-HRP (horseradish peroxidase), and recombinant N-terminal domain of human CEACAM1 (C1ND), were produced via gene cloning, expression, and purification techniques. Ligand-receptor interactions were evaluated using FACS analysis along with antigen- and cell-based ELISA assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we have developed antigen and cell-based platforms using recombinant fusion proteins (HopQ-GFP and HopQ-HRP) that effectively interact with recombinant C1ND, as well as various CEACAM molecules expressed on gastric cell lines (MKN45 and AGS).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These assay platforms enable detailed investigation of the HopQ-CEACAM interaction and supports high-throughput screening of inhibitors, facilitating the identification of potential drugs or vaccine candidates targeting H. pylori infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"29 3","pages":"138-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Peptides and Bioactive Peptides on Acute Kidney Injury: A Review Study.","authors":"Zeynab Mohamadi Yarijani, Houshang Najafi","doi":"10.61882/ibj.5000","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ibj.5000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the sudden loss of kidney function that occurs within hours or days, resulting in the accumulation of waste materials in the blood and disruption of fluid balance. AKI is prevalent among hospitalized patients, especially the elderly in the intensive care units. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are typical physiological responses following AKI. Peptides, especially bioactive peptides, exhibit various properties, including immunomodulatory and antihypertensive effects, and functions against diabetes, obesity, and cancer. In recent years, much attention has been drawn to the application of peptides and bioactive peptides in pharmaceuticals, particularly for their potential use, alone or in combination, in the treatment of AKI. Given the critical role of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis pathways in AKI, along with the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant effects of peptides, this study was designed to review the effects and underlying mechanisms of peptides in AKI.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"29 3","pages":"90-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12394725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upregulation of CircCSPP1, CircNRIP1, and CircSMAD2 in Breast Cancer and Their Potential as Diagnostic Biomarkers.","authors":"Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi, Farzaneh Darbeheshti, Rangarirai Makuku, Parmida Sadat Pezeshki, Homa Seyedmirzaei, Yaser Mansoori, Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad, Nima Rezaei","doi":"10.61882/ibj.4945","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ibj.4945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Identifying novel diagnostic biomarkers with stable structures, such as circulating circular RNAs (circRNAs) can improve the early detection and management of BC. Herein, we conducted this study to analyze the expression profile of four circRNAs, including circCSPP1 (hsa_circ_0001806), circNRIP1 (hsa_circ_0004771), circSMAD2 (hsa_circ_0000847), and circFOXP1 (hsa_circ_0008234) in BC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from patients with sporadic breast cancer (BC). Divergent primers were designed to amplify the target transcripts using quantitative real-time PCR. The expression profiles of circRNAs were analyzed in tumor and adjacent normal tissues. Sanger sequencing was performed to confirm the back-splicing junctions of circRNAs. ROC curves were generated to assess the potential of the mentioned RNAs as diagnostic biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a significant upregulation of circCSPP1, circNRIP1, and circSMAD2 in tumor tissue compared to adjacent normal tissues. Among them, circCSPP1 was the most highly upregulated one in tumor samples from 39 patients. Expression of circCSPP1 was significantly higher in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, progesterone receptor (PR)-negative, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-negative, and triple-negatives compared to ER-positive, PR-positive, HER2-positive, and non-triple-negative ones. Expression of circNRIP1 was also significantly elevated in the ER-negative and the triple-negative subgroups. These three circRNAs also displayed a desirable potential as diagnostic biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>: This is the first paper that reports the upregulation of circCSPP1 and circSMAD2 in BC and upregulation of circCSPP1 and circNRIP1 in the triple-negative subgroup. Our findings suggest that circCSPP1, circNRIP1, and circSMAD2 may serve as promising diagnostic biomarkers for BC. Identifying the downstream pathways regulated by these circRNAs could lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"159-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}