{"title":"In vitro Effect of EBV Infection on HERV-K18 env Expression in the Presence and Absence of Vitamin D in Multiple Sclerosis Patients.","authors":"Tayebeh Latifi, Majid Teymoori-Rad, Ahmad Nejati, Shohreh Shahmahmoodi, Farhad Rezaei, Sayed Mahdi Marashi","doi":"10.61186/ibj.3991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61186/ibj.3991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HERV-K env is associated with several neurological disorders, including MS. Clinical studies have demonstrated a plausible interaction between HERV-K env and other MS risk factors. The present study aimed to investigate the possible association between HERV-K18 env and TGF-β. We further assessed the in vitro effect of EBV infection on HERV-K18 env expression in the presence and absence of vitamin D in MS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PBMCs from 20 MS patients and 20 healthy controls were infected with the B95.8 EBV, seeded into 24-well plates and incubated in the presence or absence of 100 nM of 1,25(OH)D3. The expression levels of HERV-K18 env and TGF-β were measured using real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While the expression level of HERV-K18 env was significantly higher in MS patients than the healthy controls, this trend for TGF-β was significantly reverse. Interestingly, an inverse correlation was found between HERV-K18 env and TGF-β expression in MS patients, although the in vitro stimulation of PBMCs with EBV and vitamin D showed no significant differences in terms of HERV-K18 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight the potential role of HERV-K18 env in MS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140101597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Osteoproductivity in Experimentally Induced Cranial Bone Defects in Rabbits.","authors":"Alkın Ünsal, Ercan Durmuş, İlhami Çelik","doi":"10.61186/ibj.3940","DOIUrl":"10.61186/ibj.3940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autogenous bone grafts are the gold standard for being used as graft materials in maxillofacial surgery. However, a limited amount of these materials is available from the donor site, and there is also more need for a larger operating area and a second surgery, which frequently leads to unreliable graft incorporation, tooth ankylosis, and root resorption. Therefore, newer bone graft substitutes have been developed as alternatives, among which eggshell powder has been introduced as a bone substitute. This study aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility, resorption kinetics, and osteoproductivity of the unprocessed, CMC-coated, and gelatin-coated ostrich eggshell particles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four half-thickness calvarial defects were created in each animal. At the end of the 1st and 3rd months, the defected sites were investigated by clinical, histological, radiological and histomorphometrical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Coating the eggshell particles with CMC and gelatin facilitated their surgical application and contributed to new bone formation. However, their newly formed bone rate at the 3rd month was lower than those of the unprocessed eggshell particles. The CMC coating was more effective than gelatin coating in the bone modeling process.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ostrich eggshell particles either in native form or coated with CMC could be used as a bone filler for supporting new bone formation and healing in treatment of osseous defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10826913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In silico Analysis of Two Novel Variants in the Pyruvate Carboxylase (PC) Gene Associated with the Severe Form of PC Deficiency.","authors":"Fereshteh Maryami, Elham Rismani, Elham Davoudi-Dehaghani, Nasrin Khalesi, Saeed Talebi, Reza Mahdian, Sirous Zeinali","doi":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.307","DOIUrl":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inborne errors of metabolism are a common cause of neonatal death. This study evaluated the acute early-onset metabolic derangement and death in two unrelated neonates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Whole-exome sequencing (WES), Sanger sequencing, homology modeling, and in silico bioinformatics analysis were employed to assess the effects of variants on protein structure and function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WES revealed a novel homozygous variant, p.G303Afs*40 and p.R156P, in the pyruvate carboxylase (PC) gene of each neonate, which both were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines, the p.G303Afs*40 was likely pathogenic, and the p.R156P was a variant of uncertain significance (VUS). Nevertheless, a known variant at position 156, the p.R156Q, was also a VUS. Protein secondary structure prediction showed changes in p.R156P and p.R156Q variants compared to the wild-type protein. However, p.G303Afs*40 depicted significant changes at C-terminal. Furthermore, comparing the interaction of wild-type and variant proteins with the ATP ligand during simulations, revealed a decreased affinity to the ATP in all the variants. Moreover, analysis of Single nucleotide polymorphism impacts on PC protein using Polyphen-2, SNAP2, FATHMM, and SNPs&GO servers predicted both R156P and R156Q as damaging variants. Likewise, free energy calculations demonstrated the destabilizing effect of both variants on PC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirmed the pathogenicity of both variants and suggested them as a cause of type B Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency. The results of this study would provide the family with prenatal diagnosis and expand the variant spectrum in the PC gene,which is beneficial for geneticists and endocrinologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10707810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49690500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Khani-Eshratabadi, Seyed Hadi Mousavi, Morteza Zarrabi, Jamal Motallebzadeh Khanmiri, Zahra Zeinali Bardar
{"title":"Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Microvesicles Could Induce Apoptosis and Autophagy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.","authors":"Mohammad Khani-Eshratabadi, Seyed Hadi Mousavi, Morteza Zarrabi, Jamal Motallebzadeh Khanmiri, Zahra Zeinali Bardar","doi":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.247","DOIUrl":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microvesicles (MV) have been identified as candidate biomarkers for treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study investigated the effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC)-derived MVs on apoptosis and autophagy in the KG-1 leukemic cell line.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The hUCMSCs were cultured and characterized by flow cytometry. MVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation, and the concentration was determined using the Bradford method. The characteristics of MVs were confirmed using transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and dynamic light scattering methods. KG-1 cells were treated with the desired concentrations of MVs for 24 h. The apoptosis induction and reactive oxygen species production were evaluated using flow cytometry. RT-PCR was performed to evaluate apoptosis- and autophagy-related genes expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following tretment of KG-1 cells with 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml concentrations of MVs, the apoptosis rates were 47.85%, 47.15%, and 51.35% (p < 0.0001), and the autophagy-induced ROS levels were 73.9% (p < 0.0002), 84.8% (p < 0.0001), and 85.4% (p < 0.0001), respectively. BAX and ATG7 gene expression increased significantly at all concentrations compared to the control, and this level was higher at 50 μg/ml than that of the other concentrations. In addition, LC3 and Beclin 1 expression increased significantly in a concentration-dependen manner. Conversely, BCL2 expression decreased compared to the control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that hUCMSC-MVs could induce cell death pathways of autophagy and apoptosis in the KG-1 cell lines and exert potent antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on KG-1 cells in vitro. Therefore, hUCMSC-MVs may be a potential approach for cancer therapy as a novel cell-to-cell communication strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10707811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49690499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mansoor Khaledi, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi, Parviz Owlia, Horieh Saderi
{"title":"Antimicrobial Effects of Mouse Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Encapsulated in Collagen-Fibrin Hydrogel Scaffolds on Bacteroides fragilis Wound Infection in vivo.","authors":"Mansoor Khaledi, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi, Parviz Owlia, Horieh Saderi","doi":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.257","DOIUrl":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anaerobes are the causative agents of many wound infections. B. fragilis is the most prevalent endogenous anaerobic bacterium causes a wide range of diseases, including wound infections. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of mouse adipocyte derived-mesenchymal stem cell (AD-MSCs) encapsulated in collagen-fibrin (CF) hydrogel scaffolds on B. fragilis wound infection in an animal model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stem cells were extracted from mouse adipose tissue and confirmed by surface markers using flow cytometry analysis. The possibility of differentiation of stem cells into osteoblast and adipocyte cells was also assessed. The extracted stem cells were encapsulated in the CF scaffold. B. fragilis wound infection was induced in rats, and then following 24 h, collagen and fibrin-encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were applied to dress the wound. One week later, a standard colony count test monitored the bacterial load in the infected rats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MSCs were characterized as positive for CD44, CD90, and CD105 markers and negative for CD34, which were able to differentiate into osteoblast and adipocyte cells. AD-MSCs encapsulated with collagen and fibrin scaffolds showed ameliorating effects on B. fragilis wound infection. Additionally, AD-MSCs with a collagen scaffold (54 CFU/g) indicated a greater effect on wound infection than AD-MSCs with a fibrin scaffold (97 CFU/g). The combined CF scaffold demonstrated the highest reduction in colony count (the bacteria load down to 29 CFU/g) in the wound infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings reveal that the use of collagen and fibrin scaffold in combination with mouse AD-MSCs is a promising alternative treatment for B. fragilis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10707812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49690494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Ebrahimi, Mohammad Ali Khosravi, Abbasali Raz, Morteza Karimipoor, Parviz Parvizi
{"title":"CRISPR-Cas Technology as a Revolutionary Genome Editing tool: Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications.","authors":"S Ebrahimi, Mohammad Ali Khosravi, Abbasali Raz, Morteza Karimipoor, Parviz Parvizi","doi":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.219","DOIUrl":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Programmable nucleases are powerful genomic tools for precise genome editing. These tools precisely recognize, remove, or change DNA at a defined site, thereby, stimulating cellular DNA repair pathways that can cause mutations or accurate replacement or deletion/insertion of a sequence. CRISPR-Cas9 system is the most potent and useful genome editing technique adapted from the defense immune system of certain bacteria and archaea against viruses and phages. In the past decade, this technology made notable progress, and at present, it has largely been used in genome manipulation to make precise gene editing in plants, animals, and human cells. In this review, we aim to explain the basic principle, mechanisms of action, and applications of this system in different areas of medicine, with emphasizing on the detection and treatment of parasitic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10707817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49690495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extracting Potential New Targets for Treatment of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma using Bioinformatic Methods.","authors":"Tayebeh Forooghi Pordanjani, Bahareh Dabirmanesh, Peyman Choopanian, Mehdi Mirzaie, Saleh Mohebbi, Khosro Khajeh","doi":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.294","DOIUrl":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a slow-growing malignancy that most often occurs in the salivary glands. Currently, no FDA-approved therapeutic target or diagnostic biomarker has been identified for this cancer. The aim of this study was to find new therapeutic and diagnostic targets using bioinformatics methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We extracted the gene expression information from two GEO datasets (including GSE59701 and GSE88804). Different expression genes between adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and normal samples were extracted using R software. The biochemical pathways involved in ACC were obtained by using the Enrichr database. PPI network was drawn by STRING, and important genes were extracted by Cytoscape. Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used for biomarker verification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After analyzing the PPI network, 20 hub genes were introduced to have potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Among these genes, PLCG1 was presented as new biomarker in ACC. Furthermore, by studying the function of the hub genes in the enriched biochemical pathways, we found that insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor and PPARG pathways most likely play a critical role in tumorigenesis and drug resistance in ACC and have a high potential for selection as therapeutic targets in future studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we achieved the recognition of the pathways involving in ACC pathogenesis and also found potential targets for treatment and diagnosis of ACC. Further experimental studies are required to confirm the results of this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10707816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49690497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khadijeh Sanaei, Ali Zamanian, Shohreh Mashayekhan, Tayebe Ramezani
{"title":"Formulation and Characterization of a Novel Oxidized Alginate-Gelatin-Silk Fibroin Bioink with the Aim of Skin Regeneration.","authors":"Khadijeh Sanaei, Ali Zamanian, Shohreh Mashayekhan, Tayebe Ramezani","doi":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.280","DOIUrl":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the present study, a novel bioink was suggested based on the oxidized alginate (OAlg), gelatin (GL), and silk fibroin (SF) hydrogels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The composition of the bioink was optimized by the rheological and printability measurements, and the extrusion-based 3D bioprinting process was performed by applying the optimum OAlg-based bioink.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated that the viscosity of bioink was continuously decreased by increasing the SF/GL ratio, and the bioink displayed a maximum achievable printability (92 ± 2%) at 2% (w/v) of SF and 4% (w/v) of GL. Moreover, the cellular behavior of the scaffolds investigated by MTT assay and live/dead staining confirmed the biocompatibility of the prepared bioink.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The bioprinted OAlg-GL-SF scaffold could have the potential for using in skin tissue engineering applications, which needs further exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10707813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49690498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Extraction and Deproteinization Method for Mannoprotein Purification from Kluyveromyces marxianus.","authors":"Ashraf Hajhosseini, Anousheh Sharifan, Zohreh Eftekhari, Ariana Alavi, Delaram Doroud","doi":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.320","DOIUrl":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mannoproteins, mannose-glycosylated proteins, play an important role in biological processes and have various applications in industries. Several methods have been already used for the extraction of mannoproteins from yeast cell-wall. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extraction and deproteinization of mannan oligosaccharide from the Kluyveromyces (K.) marxianus mannoprotein.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To acquire crude mannan oligosaccharides, K. marxianus mannoproteins were deproteinized by the Sevage, trichloroacetic acid, and hydrochloric acid (HCL) methods. Total nitrogen, crude protein content, fat, carbohydrate and ash content were measured according to the monograph prepared by the meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee and standard. Mannan oligosaccharide loss, percentage of deproteinization, and chemical composition of the product were assessed to check the proficiency of different methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Highly purified (95.4%) mannan oligosaccharide with the highest deproteinization (97.33 ± 0.4%) and mannan oligosaccharide loss (25.1 ± 0.6%) were obtained following HCl method.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HCl, was the most appropriate deproteinization method for the removal of impurities. This preliminary data will support future studies to design scale-up procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10707814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10146270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Stable CHO-K1 Cell Lines Overexpressing Full-Length Human CD20 Antigen.","authors":"Niloufar Mohammadkhani, Azam Rahimpour, Reyhaneh Hoseinpoor, Masoumeh Rajabibazl","doi":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.269","DOIUrl":"10.61186/ibj.27.5.269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>CD20 is a differentiation-related antigen exclusively expressed on the membrane of B lymphocytes. CD20 amplification is observed in numerous immune-related disorders, making it an ideal target for immunotherapy of hematological malignancies and autoimmune diseases. MAb-based therapies targeting CD20 have a principal role in the treatment of several immune-related disordes and cancers, including CLL. Fc gamma receptors mediate CD20 internalization in hematopoietic cells; therefore, this study aimed to establish non-hematopoietic stable cell lines overexpressing full-length human CD20 antigen as an in vitro model for CD20-related studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CD20 gene was cloned into the transfer vector. The lentivirus system was transfected to packaging HEK 293T cells, and the supernatants were harvested. CHO-K1 cells were transduced using recombinant viruses, and a stable cell pool was developed by the antibiotic selection. CD20 expression was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Simultaneous expression of GFP protein facilitated the detection of CD20-expressing cells. Immunophenotyping analysis of stable clones demonstrated expression of CD20 antigen. In addition, the mean fluorescence intensity was significantly higher in the CD20-CHO-K1 clones than the wild-type CHO-K1 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first report on using second-generation lentiviral vectors for the establishment of a non-hematopoietic cell-based system, which stably expresses full-length human CD20 antigen. Results of stable CHO cell lines with different levels of CD20 antigen are well suited to be used for CD20-based investigations, including binding and functional assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10707815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49690496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}