Iranian Biomedical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Tropolone Derivative JO-122(2) Enhances Temozolomide Efficacy and p53-Mediated Apoptosis in Glioblastoma Xenografts.","authors":"Oleg I Kit, Aleksey Yu Maksimov, Igor V Golovinov, Natalia S Kuznetsova, Irina V Kaplieva, Daria V Khodakova, Alexander B Sagakyants, Anastasia V Galina, Anna A Shulga, Sofya V Gurova, Elena S Bondarenko, Eduard E Rostorguev, Yurii A Sayapin, Eugeny A Gusakov","doi":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.225","DOIUrl":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, with limited therapeutic options and poor survival. Resistance to standard temozolomide (TMZ) therapy remains a major challenge, necessitating novel agents. Tropolone derivatives, particularly the synthetic trichlorotropolone JO-122(2), have shown broad preclinical antitumor activity. This study aimed to determine whether JO-122(2), alone or combined with TMZ, can suppress GBM growth in vivo and to define the accompanying changes in the p53/MDM2/Bcl-2 apoptotic axis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>JO-122(2), as monotherapy or combined with TMZ, was evaluated in a U87 MG GBM xenograft model in BALB/c nude mice (n = 8 per group). Tumor volumes were monitored over 25 days, and tumor growth inhibition (TGI) was calculated. Molecular mechanisms were investigated by RT-qPCR and ELISA, assessing gene expression and protein levels of the apoptotic regulators TP53, MDM2, BAX, BCL2, and CASP9.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>JO-122(2) and TMZ monotherapy inhibited tumor growth (TGI = 42.08% and 61.44%, respectively). The combination therapy reduced tumor volume 4.9-fold compared to the vehicle control and achieved a TGI of 79.88% (p = 4.20 × 10⁻⁸ vs. control; p = 1.66 × 10⁻³ vs. TMZ; p = 5.97 × 10⁻⁵ vs. JO-122(2)). It also increased p53, Bax, and caspase-9 protein levels and decreased MDM2 and Bcl-2, with concordant upregulation of TP53 and BAX and downregulation of MDM2 and BCL2 mRNA, indicating modulation of the p53/MDM2/Bcl-2 axis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>JO-122(2) exerts potent antitumor effects in GBM, particularly when combined with TMZ, by promoting mitochondrial apoptosis through the coordinated regulation of p53 and its downstream effectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"225-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative Analysis of IGFL2‑AS1 and BRCA1 Expression in Esophageal Cancer: An Experimental and Bioinformatics‑Based Study.","authors":"Shayan Marhamati, Hossein Jalili, Nasrin Ziamajidi, Mahdi Bahmani, Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir","doi":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.262","DOIUrl":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal cancer (EC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The long non-coding RNA IGFL2-AS1 is implicated in malignancies, but its role in EC remains unclear. This study evaluated the expression of IGFL2-AS1 and BRCA1 in EC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixteen paired EC and adjacent non-tumorous tissues were collected. The expression levels of IGFL2‑AS1 and BRCA1 were quantified using RT‑qPCR, and BRCA1 protein levels were determined using Western blotting. GEPIA, STRING, and g:Profiler were used for bioinformatic analyses. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves and correlation tests were performed for statistical evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both IGFL2-AS1 and BRCA1 were significantly downregulated in EC tissues compared to adjacent normal controls (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between their expression levels. ROC analysis indicated diagnostic potential for both genes (AUC>0.75), with BRCA1 showing superior accuracy. Western blotting confirmed decreased BRCA1 protein levels in tumor samples. Interestingly, GEPIA data suggested an upregulation of both genes in EC. Functional enrichment analysis linked BRCA1-associated genes to ephrin receptor signaling and axon guidance pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Concurrent downregulation of IGFL2‑AS1 and BRCA1 at transcript and protein levels was observed in EC tissues, with a positive correlation between their expression levels. ROC curve analysis suggested their potential as candidate biomarkers. However, these findings are preliminary and require further validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"30 4","pages":"262-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148944818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2026 Bundibugyo Ebola Outbreak: A Warning for Global Preparedness for Future Epidemics.","authors":"Tahmineh Jalali, Mohammad Hasan Pouriayevali, Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri","doi":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.271","DOIUrl":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.271","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dear Editor, The 2026 Bundibugyo Ebolavirus (BDBV) outbreak has once again demonstrated that the threat of emerging diseases remains a major global health challenge. The outbreak, first detected in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and spread to Uganda, is not only a regional crisis but also a test of the world's preparedness for pathogens with epidemic potential. Unlike Zaire Ebolavirus (EBOV), which has benefited from effective vaccines and treatments in recent years, BDBV still lacks a licensed vaccine or specific treatment[1]. As of June 6, a total of 515 laboratory-confirmed cases and 91 deaths have been reported in DRC, while Uganda has reported 19 laboratory-confirmed cases and two deaths. The occurrence of unexplained deaths among both the community and healthcare workers, along with prior reports of an unidentified hemorrhagic fever, suggest that the outbreak has been likely originated in March 2026 or even earlier. Accordingly, the virus is believed to have spread unnoticed for several weeks before being identified through genomic sequencing in mid-May 2026[2]. The resurgence of Ebola in Africa results from a complex interaction of environmental, social, and political factors. Deforestation, the development of mining activities, the expansion of agriculture, and increased human contact with wildlife have elevated the likelihood of spillovers from wildlife reservoirs, particularly fruit bats, which are considered the most likely natural hosts of ebolaviruses. Moreover, weak disease surveillance systems and limited access to health services have delayed the identification of early cases. The similarity of the initial symptoms of Ebola to other endemic diseases in the region, such as malaria, makes early diagnosis difficult and provides ample opportunity for transmission to spread. Insecurity, misinformation, attacks on healthcare facilities, and armed conflict in the region have also posed serious challenges to the implementation of contact tracing programs and rapid response to the epidemic[3,4]. One of the most critical challenges highlighted by this outbreak is the weakness of diagnostic capacities in the affected areas. The initial 2007 outbreak of BDBV proved that delayed lab confirmation paralyzes public health responses[5]. Now, dealing with a much larger outbreak in 2026, the persistence of this challenge highlights a dangerous failure to invest in diagnostic infrastructure over the last 19 years. Many health facilities do not have access to molecular laboratories, rapid sample transport systems, and biosafety infrastructure[6]. These limitations delay the diagnosis and isolation of patients, thus perpetuating disease transmission. Investment in the development of mobile laboratories, rapid point-of-care diagnostic tests, and digital reporting systems can dramatically reduce the time to diagnosis and response to an outbreak. The BDBV outbreak shows that laboratory preparedness must be considered an essential part of glo","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"30 4","pages":"271-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148944773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translating Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research into Chronic Kidney Disease Therapy: A Systematic and Clinical Review.","authors":"Somayeh Khatami, Somayeh Ghavidel Yazdi, Fatemeh Forouzanfar, Omid Bakhshian, Parnian Eghbali, Ehsan Saburi","doi":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.212","DOIUrl":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disorder with high morbimortality and limited treatment options. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapy because of their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. This systematic review evaluates the therapeutic potential of MSC therapy for CKD by searching databases PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus from January 2000 to May 2026 using keywords “mesenchymal stem cells,” “cell therapy,” and “renal failure”. Among 1,525 identified studies, 19 met the inclusion criteria, covering preclinical and clinical investigations. Findings indicated contribution of MSC therapy to renal tissue repair, immunomodulation, and functional recovery, with some studies reporting improvements in glomerular filtration rate, reduced proteinuria, and histological recovery of kidney tissue. While the short-term safety profiles were favorable, the long-term efficacy and optimal administration protocols remain uncertain. Further high-quality clinical trials are needed to establish standardized treatment protocols and validate long-term benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"30 4","pages":"212-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148944815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia-Induced Expression of miR-424, miR-155, CD47, and PD-L1 in a Gastric Cancer Cell Line (MKN-45).","authors":"Sahar Samemaleki, Niloufar Orooji, Tohid Kazemi, Ghasem Solgi","doi":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.234","DOIUrl":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypoxia (pO2 < 5-10 mmHg) is a critical feature of the tumor environment that causes genetic and epigenetic changes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hypoxia on the expression of immune checkpoint genes (CD39, CD47, and PD-L1) and their regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs; miR-155, miR-424, miR-133, miR-142) in the gastric cancer cell line MKN-45.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MKN-45 cells were cultured under standard conditions and treated with 25 µM of CoCl2 for 24 hours to induce hypoxia. In the next step, the mRNA expression levels of CD39, CD47, PD-L1, miR-155, miR-424, miR-133, and miR-142 were analyzed in the MKN-45 cells under hypoxia versus normoxia. Also, the protein levels of PD-L1 were assessed using Western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypoxia was confirmed by increased hypoxia-inducible factor 1α expression in MKN-45 cells treated with CoCl2. Under hypoxic conditions, CD47 and PD-L1, as well as miR-424 and miR-155, showed significantly higher expression levels in hypoxia compared to normoxia. Also, Western blot analysis corroborated the increased PD-L1 expression in hypoxia. However, CD39, miR-133, and miR-142 did not show statistical differences between the two conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our in vitro findings indicate that CD47 expression under hypoxic conditions may be influenced by other miRNAs (miR-424) or the duration of hypoxia. Also, the relationship between PD-L1 and miR-155 expression suggests that PD-L1 can be regulated by other miRNAs and that hypoxia enhances its expression. These outcomes indicate that targeting hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment may improve cancer immunotherapy strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"30 4","pages":"234-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148944800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse GAS5-SFXN1 Correlation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Insights from Bioinformatics and Tissue Expression Analysis.","authors":"Pourya Sam Daliri, Maryam Valizadeh-Otaghsara, Mahdi Paryan, Ali Ahmadizad Firouzjaei, Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh","doi":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.241","DOIUrl":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with limited therapeutic options. Given the involvement of long non-coding RNAs, like GAS5, in cancer progression, this study aimed to identify GAS5-associated target genes through breast cancer databases and evaluate the expression levels of GAS5 and SFXN1 (as a potential target) in TNBC tissues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After predicting putative GAS5 targets via StarBase, they were validated through TCGA and GEPIA2. RT-qPCR was then performed to examine GAS5 and SFXN1 expression in 18 tumor and 15 adjacent normal samples. Gene expression levels were quantified using the fold-change method, and statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed models, one-sample t-tests, and Spearman's correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bioinformatics analyses revealed significant differential expression of SFXN1 in the TCGA and GEPIA2 databases. In the experimental validation phase, the mean Log2FC values for GAS5 and SFXN1 in tumor samples were 0.235 and -0.450, respectively. Neither gene showed a statistically significant difference between tumor and normal tissues using the t-test (GAS5: p = 0.650; SFXN1: p = 0.458). The linear mixed model also revealed no significant difference for either gene in the same comparison. Spearman's correlation, however, demonstrated a significant negative correlation between GAS5 and SFXN1 expression (r = -0.479; p = 0.049).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While GAS5 and SFXN1 were not differentially expressed in TNBC tissues, their significant inverse correlation suggests a potential association that may contribute to the molecular networks underlying TNBC pathogenesis. Further functional studies are warranted to clarify this relationship. Any diagnostic or therapeutic implications remain speculative at this stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"30 4","pages":"241-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149074776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rescue a Reassortant Human-Bovine Rotavirus and a Recombinant NSP3-EGFP Rotavirus Serotype G1.","authors":"Mona Aminipour, Mohsen Lotfi, Naser Harzandi, Ebrahim Babapour, Seyed Dawood Mousavi Nasab, Mostafa Ghaderi","doi":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.254","DOIUrl":"10.22034/IBJ.30.4.254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human group A rotaviruses (RVs), with an 11-segmented double-stranded RNA genome, are a cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children. Despite the availability of effective live-attenuated vaccines, RV infection is still a global health challenge. Hence, a reverse genetics system enabling the manipulation of RV segments, such as genome reassortment, is essential for developing new RV vaccines. Herein, a reverse genetics system was used to rescue a reassortant human-bovine RV, incorporating the VP7 gene segment from the human RV strain Wa (serotype G1) and a recombinant RV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To rescue a reassortant human-bovine RV, we used a reverse genetics system in which 13 plasmid constructs were co-transfected into BHK-T7 cells. In this method, 10 plasmids were derived from bovine RV, one encoded the human RV VP7 segment of serotype G1, and two expressed the capping enzyme subunits of vaccinia virus. We also created a recombinant RV featuring enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) by replacing the bovine NSP3 plasmid with an NSP3-EGFP construct, where EGFP expression was regulated by an internal ribosomal entry site.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed successful rescue of the reassortant human-bovine RV and the recombinant strain, with the NSP3-EGFP construct facilitating EGFP translation across multiple RV passages. Replacing the NSP3 gene segment of bovine RV with the release of a recombinant RV enabled EGFP expression in several RV passages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study establishes the feasibility of using a reverse genetics system to generate a live-attenuated RV vaccine candidate, potentially enhancing future control efforts against RV infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"30 4","pages":"254-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149074789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Effects of Vernonia amygdalina on Oxidative Stress and Histopathological Damage in Pancreatic Toxicity Induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in Wistar Rats","authors":"Augustine O Okpiabhele, D Abu Osahon, E Akpovona Ambrose","doi":"10.22034/IBJ.30.3.132","DOIUrl":"10.22034/IBJ.30.3.132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>1,2-Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induces pancreatic oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species overproduction and antioxidant depletion. Given the rich phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Vernonia amygdalina, this study investigated its therapeutic effects in inhibiting oxidative stress and histopathological damage induced by DMH in Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult male Wistar rats were divided into different groups and exposed to DMH via the intraperitoneal route. Animals received oral administration of V. amygdalina ethanol extract at low (200 mg/kg) and high (400 mg/kg) doses, both before and after DMH exposure. The pancreatic tissues were then subjected to biochemical analysis and histopathological examination using standardized protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The administration of V. amygdalina significantly attenuated body weight loss in both the pre- and post-treatment groups. Furthermore, it significantly improved (p < 0.05) the levels of total protein, amylase, nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione (GSH), and glutathione reductase and reduced GSH percentages compared to the DMH group. The pancreatic tissues from DMH-induced rats treated with V. amygdalina showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in organ weight compared to the DMH group. Histological studies revealed the protective and regenerative effects of V. amygdalina on pancreatic tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that V. amygdalina can effectively suppress irregularities in pancreatic function and oxidative stress induced by DMH toxicity due to its antioxidant properties. This observation implies that V. amygdalina holds promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for improving DMH systemic toxicity in animal models and could serve as a benchmark for future clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":"30 2 & 3","pages":"132-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13539242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148497565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol in Combination Therapy: Mechanisms and Limitations of Resveratrol in Cancer, Regeneration, and Chronic Disease","authors":"Effat Noori, Ramazan Rezaei, Samira Valiyari, Mahmood Rekabgardan, Parvin Mohammadi, Fatemeh Soleymani, Elham Sharif, Zohreh Jafari, Delsuz Rezaee, Fatemeh Hajighasemi, Forough Shams","doi":"10.22034/IBJ.30.3.97","DOIUrl":"10.22034/IBJ.30.3.97","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Resveratrol (RSV), a nonflavonoid polyphenol phytoalexin, has considerable therapeutic potential for managing chronic and acute diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. It can help protect cells from free radical damage and modulate signaling pathways in the body to promote overall health. RSV can also facilitate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells by increasing their self-renewal, survival, anti-aging effects, and lineage commitment. However, the natural form of RSV has limitations, such as poor intestinal absorption and low bioavailability. This review focuses on the potential of RSV to explore its effects and mechanisms of action in cancer, regenerative medicine, and chronic disease. It also discusses how RSV can protect normal tissue against genomic instability and presents findings from combination therapies involving RSV and nanoparticle-based agents. Overall, this review highlights the latest developments regarding RSV as a promising compound, emphasizing the potential to overcome its limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"97-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13539227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148375681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiviral Potential of Lipopeptide Biosurfactant Isolated from Acinetobacter junii B6.","authors":"Amir Mohammad Bagheri, Hamid Forootanfar, Gholamreza Dehghannoudeh, Mohammad Amin Raeisi Estabragh, Ibrahim M. Banat, Hosnieh Sokhandan, Hadiseh Shokouhi, Mandana Ohadi, Parvaneh Mehrbod","doi":"10.22034/IBJ.30.3.165","DOIUrl":"10.22034/IBJ.30.3.165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Influenza A virus (IAV) is a global health concern, increasing the exploration of alternative therapeutics. Biosurfactants (BSs) are biodegradable, non-toxic biomolecules with favorable biological activities. Acinetobacter junii B6, known for utilizing crude oil as a carbon and energy source, produces BSs. This study evaluated the antiviral potential of the lipopeptide biosurfactant (LPB) against H1N1/A/PR8/34 infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A. junii B6 LPB was extracted and characterized in our previous study. The 50% cytotoxic concentration and non-cytotoxic concentration (NCTC), defined as the concentration with no toxicity on cells, were determined by the MTT assay on MDCK cells. The NCTC was exposed to the cells in the presence of PR8 (100 TCID50) under simultaneous, pre- and post-exposure combination treatments for 1 h. After 48 h of incubation, the hemagglutination and MTT assays assessed viral propagation and cell protection, respectively. Amantadine and oseltamivir served as antiviral control drugs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The extracted LPB caused a 1 log2 reduction in pre- and post-exposure treatments, whereas amantadine and oseltamivir reduced viral titers by more than 1 log2. Cell protection was favorable in all combination treatments except for LPB co-treatment. LPB extract showed limited but notable anti-IAV activity, alongside cell protection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While LPB is less potent than amantadine and oseltamivir, its non-toxic and environmentally friendly nature warrants further study. As surfactants act on the lipid envelope, viral proteins, and nucleocapsid proteins, LPB could be potentially used as an adjuvant with other antiviral agents to control the prevalence of viral diseases and improve therapeutic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14500,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Biomedical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"165-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13539240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148257840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}