Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"An <i>in situ</i> forming gelatin-based hydrogel loaded with soluble amniotic membrane promotes full-thickness wound regeneration in rats.","authors":"Mohammad Azimi-Alamouty, Mohammad Amin Habibi, Amin Ebrahimi Sadrabadi, Zahra Jamalpoor","doi":"10.22038/IJBMS.2024.74290.16140","DOIUrl":"10.22038/IJBMS.2024.74290.16140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Early effective treatment and appropriate coverage are vital for full-thickness wounds. Amnion membrane-derived products have recently emerged in tissue engineering. However, the optimal concentration, carrier for controlled release, and handling have remained challenges. This study aims to develop and optimize an <i>in situ</i> forming, amniotic-based hydrogel for wound healing.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Here, a composite matrix was fabricated with gelatin hydrogel modified with methacrylate functional group conjugated (GelMA) and keratose (wt.1%), loaded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs, 1×10⁵ cell/ml) and optimized soluble amniotic membrane (SAM, 0.5 mg/ml). The physicochemical properties of the final subject were evaluated <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> environments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the <i>in vitro</i> assay demonstrated that conjugation of the methacryloyl group with gelatin resulted in the formation of GelMA hydrogel (26.7±1.2 kPa) with higher mechanical stability. Modification of GelMA with a glycosaminoglycan sulfate (Keratose) increased controlled delivery of SAM (47.3% vs. 84.3%). Metabolic activity (93%) and proliferation (21.2 ± 1.5 µg/ml) of MSCs encapsulated in hydrogel improved by incorporation of SAM (0.5 mg/ml). Furthermore, the migration of fibroblasts was facilitated in the scratched assay by SAM (0.5 mg/ml)/MSCs (1×10⁵ cell/ml) conditioned medium. The GelMA hydrogel groupes revealed regeneration of full-thickness skin defects in rats after 3 weeks due to the high angiogenesis (6.3 ± 0.3), cell migration, and epithelialization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicated in situ forming and tunable GelMA hydrogels containing SAM and MSCs could be used as efficient substrates for full-thickness wound regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11193504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive and updated review on anti-oxidant effects of <i>Nigella sativa</i> and its constituent, thymoquinone, in various disorders.","authors":"Mohammad Reza Aslani, Saeideh Saadat, Mohammad Hossein Boskabady","doi":"10.22038/IJBMS.2024.75985.16453","DOIUrl":"10.22038/IJBMS.2024.75985.16453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several pharmacological effects were described for <i>Nigella sativa</i> (<i>N. sativa</i>) seed and it has been used traditionally to treat various diseases. In this review article, the updated and comprehensive anti-oxidant effects of <i>N. sativa</i> and its main constituent, thymoquinone (TQ), on various disorders are described. The relevant articles were retrieved through PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus up to December 31, 2023. Various extracts and essential oils of <i>N. sativa</i> showed anti-oxidant effects on cardiovascular, endocrine, gastrointestinal and liver, neurologic, respiratory, and urogenital diseases by decreasing and increasing various oxidant and anti-oxidant marketers, respectively. The main constituent of the plant, TQ, also showed similar anti-oxidant effects as the plant itself. The anti-oxidant effects of different extracts and essential oils of <i>N. sativa</i> were demonstrated in various studies which were perhaps due to the main constituent of the plant, TQ. The findings of this review article suggest the possible therapeutic effect of <i>N. sativa</i> and TQ in oxidative stress disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11193497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of lupeol and flutamide on experimentally-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in mice.","authors":"Ali Rezaei-Golmisheh, Rajabali Sadrkhanlou, Abbas Ahmadi, Hassan Malekinejad","doi":"10.22038/IJBMS.2024.77602.16783","DOIUrl":"10.22038/IJBMS.2024.77602.16783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the main causes of infertility in women. This study was conducted to uncover the effects of lupeol as an anti-androgenic triterpene on experimentally-induced PCOS in mice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Eighty immature female mice were divided into 4 groups: Control (C), PCOS (P), Lupeol (L), and Flutamide (F). PCOS was induced in test groups by injection of Dehydroepiandrosterone (60 mg/kg/day, IP) for twenty days. Following the PCOS induction, the two groups of L and F were treated with lupeol (40 mg/kg/day) and/or flutamide (10 mg/kg/day) respectively and the two groups of C and P received sesame oil (0.1 ml/mouse/day) for 15 days. After the treatment period, ten animals in each group were selected for collecting blood and ovary samples. <i>In vitro</i> fertilization assessment was carried out on 10 remaining mice in each group. The hormonal assays and oxidative stress biomarker determination were performed on serum and tissue samples. Moreover, histopathological analyses were conducted on the ovaries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PCOS-elevated concentration of LH and Testosterone was significantly (<i>P</i><0.05) lowered in lupeol and flutamide-received animals. Lupeol and flutamide both reduced PCOS-induced fibrosis and the number of atretic follicles. Both compounds declined the PCOS-increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in serum and the ovaries. Lupeol increased the PCOS-reduced fertility rate and decreased the number of arrested embryos by 12%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate that lupeol could be a novel compound in the treatment of PCOS as it reduced PCOS-induced structural and also functional disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11193499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renoprotective effect of <i>Limonium duriusculum</i> (de Girard) Kuntze via modulation of oxidative stress/ UPR markers and inflammation during cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.","authors":"Azzedine Redouane-Salah, Ameddah Souad, Wafa Kerkatou, Kamil Wojnicki, Adrian M Ramos, Alberto Ortiz, Bozena Kaminska, Ahmed Menad","doi":"10.22038/IJBMS.2024.77052.16661","DOIUrl":"10.22038/IJBMS.2024.77052.16661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the potency of the renoprotective effect of the EtOAc fraction of <i>Limonium duriusculum</i> (EALD) (Plumbaginaceae) against cyclosporine A (CsA), in comparison to vitamin E (Vit. E).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In the <i>in-vivo</i> experiment, a model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity was established by dosing male Wistar rats with 25 mg/kg, for 14 days. The protective effect of EALD was investigated through pretreatment of rats with a dose of 200 mg/kg for 14 days, compared to the oral administration of Vit. E at 100 mg/kg. Renal function and markers of oxidative stress were then assessed. Furthermore, a complementary <i>in-vitro</i> study was carried out to evaluate CsA-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and inflammation on cell culture (3T3 cells and MCT cells) using western blot and quantitative RT-PCR..</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pretreatment of rats with EALD significantly attenuated the elevated levels of renal dysfunction markers (BUN, creatinine) and suppressed malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; It also significantly regulated the changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxydase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels as compared to Vit. E, demonstrating a more effective recovery in renal tissues. Treatment of cells with CsA was linked to the expression of ERS and inflammatory markers activating transcription factor (ATF4), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1). In contrast, pretreatment of cells with EALD resulted in a significant decrease in both ERS and inflammatory markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate the renoprotective potential of <i>L. duriusculum</i>, as it demonstrated the ability to ameliorate CsA-induced renal dysfunction through its distinctive antioxidant properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11193500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicinal potential of embelin and its nanoformulations: An update on the molecular mechanism and various applications.","authors":"Asad Ali, Nasr A Emad, Niha Sultana, Hamad Ali, Samreen Jahan, Mohd Aqil, Mohd Mujeeb, Yasmin Sultana","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.77888.16850","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.77888.16850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural herbs have garnered significant research recently as their components target multiple disease signaling pathways, making them highly potential for various disease prevention and treatment. Embelin, a naturally occurring benzoquinone isolated from <i>Embelia ribes</i>, has shown promising biological activities such as antitumor, antidiabetic, anti-oxidant, and antimicrobial. Various mechanisms have been reported, including monitoring genes that synchronize the cell cycle, up-regulating multiple anti-oxidant enzymes, suppressing genes that prevent cell death, influencing transcription factors, and preventing inflammatory biomarkers. However, the hydrophobic nature of embelin leads to poor absorption and limits its therapeutic potential. This review highlights a wide range of nanocarriers used as delivery systems for embelin, including polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, micelles, nanoemulsion, and metallic nanoparticles. These embelin nanomedicine formulations have been developed in preclinical studies as a possible treatment for many disorders and characterized using various <i>in vitro, ex vivo</i>, and <i>in vivo</i> models.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11366951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142125701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advancements in the role of phytochemicals and medicinal plants in prophylaxis and management of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Akanksha Mishra, Sairam Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.77760.16826","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.77760.16826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medicinal plants and phytochemicals are some of the major sources in the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is no FDA-approved drug to target AD pathology directly. Full cognitive restoration and management of psychosis-like symptoms are still to be achieved. Being comparatively safer with fewer side effects, medicinal plants have been among the major areas of interest to be researched. Several mechanistic pathways are involved in AD including anticholinesterase activity, glutamate toxicity, free radicals generation, Amyloid β (Aβ) toxicity, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Various phytochemicals such as paenol, andrographolide, isoquercitrin, flavonoids, and saponins obtained from different plant sources, various medicinal plants like <i>Spirulina maxima, Salicornia europaea, Curcuma longa, Citrus Junos Tanaka, Cassiae semen, Centella asiatica</i> as well as various traditional medicinal plants of China, Asia, Europe, Turkey, and Iran have been found effective against one or more of these targets. Large numbers of clinical trials are under process to evaluate the role of different phytoconstituents in AD management. Out of 143 agents under clinical trials, 119 have been categorized as disease-modifying agents. The present review extensively covers the recent advancements in the usage of phytochemicals and medicinal plants in various experimental AD models. It involves clinical trials and other research works divided into three sections, including those performed <i>in vitro, in vivo</i>, and in humans mainly from the last five years along with disease markers and mechanistic pathways involved. However, phytochemicals should be explored further in order to achieve neurorestoration in AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11459346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saroglitazar suppresses KIM-1 and type IV collagen in high fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in Wistar rats.","authors":"Rizwan Ahamad, Uma Bhandari, Sayima Nabi, Shweta Sharma","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.78221.16908","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.78221.16908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Nephropathy is the most common comorbidity linked to T2D. The present study aimed to examine the potential of saroglitazar in the context of a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Molecular docking simulation investigations were conducted on the ligand-binding region of type IV collagen and Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), using saroglitazar and fenofibrate as the subjects. The rats were fed either a conventional rodent diet or a high-fat diet <i>ad libitum</i> for two weeks. Following a two-week period, the rats given an HFD were administered with a low-dose of STZ (35 mg/kg, IP). Rats with experimentally induced diabetes were categorized into five groups: normal control; diabetic control; HFD+STZ+saroglitazar (2 mg/kg); HFD+STZ+saroglitazar (4 mg/kg); HFD+STZ+fenofibrate (100 mg/kg) treated orally for 21 days with continuation on HFD. After 21 days, rats were kept on fasting overnight, blood and urine was acquired for various biochemical analysis. Animals were sacrificed, and kidney tissues were removed for histopathological studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>In-silico</i> investigation showed a substantial affinity between saroglitazar and fenofibrate with KIM-1 and type IV collagen. Saroglitazar produced a significant (<i>P</i><0.01) reduction in weight of the body, serum blood sugar, albumin, creatinine, and BUN levels. Further, saroglitazar significantly (<i>P</i><0.01) reduced the KIM-1 and type IV collagen levels in the urine of diabetic rats. Histopathological results showed improvement in tubular degeneration, necrosis, and dilatation of Bowman's space in kidney tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Saroglitazar attenuated renal injury by improving renal function in HFD+STZ-induced DN in Wistar rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11459336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fucoidan alleviated autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice by regulating pancreatic autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR1/TFEB pathway.","authors":"Haiqi Gao, Yifan Zhou, Chundong Yu, Guifa Wang, Wenwei Song, Zixu Zhang, Lu Lu, Meilan Xue, Hui Liang","doi":"10.22038/IJBMS.2023.68739.14981","DOIUrl":"10.22038/IJBMS.2023.68739.14981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study investigated the effect and its underlying mechanisms of fucoidan on Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty 7-week-old NOD mice were used in this study, and randomly divided into two groups (10 mice in each group): the control group and the fucoidan treatment group (600 mg/kg. body weight). The weight gain, glucose tolerance, and fasting blood glucose level in NOD mice were detected to assess the development of diabetes. The intervention lasted for 5 weeks. The proportions of Th1/Th2 cells from spleen tissues were tested to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of fucoidan. Western blot was performed to investigate the expression levels of apoptotic markers and autophagic markers. Apoptotic cell staining was visualized through TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results suggested that fucoidan ameliorated T1DM, as evidenced by increased body weight and improved glycemic control of NOD mice. Fucoidan down-regulated the Th1/Th2 cells ratio and decreased Th1 type pro-inflammatory cytokines' level. Fucoidan enhanced the mitochondrial autophagy level of pancreatic cells and increased the expressions of Beclin-1 and LC3B II/LC3B I. The expression of p-AMPK was up-regulated and p-mTOR1 was inhibited, which promoted the nucleation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), leading to autophagy. Moreover, fucoidan induced apoptosis of pancreatic tissue cells. The levels of cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, and Bax were up-regulated after fucoidan treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fucoidan could maintain pancreatic homeostasis and restore immune disorder through enhancing autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR1/TFEB pathway in pancreatic cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10722478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joining COPE: Opportunities and benefits for the Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences.","authors":"Leila Arabi, Ali Roohbakhsh, Bizhan Malaekeh-Nikouei, Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2023.76381.16530","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2023.76381.16530","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10722480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluntary exercise improves pulmonary inflammation through NF-κB and Nrf2 in type 2 diabetic male rats.","authors":"Seyed Zanyar Athari, Fariba Mirzaei Bavil, Rana Keyhanmanesh, Hajie Lotfi, Yousef Sajed, Aref Delkhosh, Fariba Ghiasi","doi":"10.22038/IJBMS.2023.70416.15307","DOIUrl":"10.22038/IJBMS.2023.70416.15307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of voluntary exercise as an anti-inflammatory intervention on the pulmonary levels of inflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetic male rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=7), including control (Col), diabetic (Dia), voluntary exercise (Exe), and diabetic with voluntary exercise (Dia+Exe). Diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet (4 weeks) and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg), and animals did training on the running wheel for 10 weeks as voluntary exercise. Finally, the rats were euthanized and the lung tissues were sampled for the evaluation of the levels of pulmonary interleukin (IL)-10, IL-11, and TNF-α using ELISA, and the protein levels of Nrf-2 and NF-κB using western blotting and tissue histopathological analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diabetes reduced the IL-10, IL-11, and Nrf2 levels (<i>P</i><0.001 to P<0.01) and increased the levels of TNF-α and NF-κB compared to the Col group (<i>P</i><0.001). Lung tissue levels of IL-10, IL-11, and Nrf2 in the Dia+Exe group enhanced compared to the Dia group (<i>P</i><0.001 to <i>P</i><0.05), however; the TNF-α and NF-κB levels decreased (<i>P</i><0.001). The level of pulmonary Nrf2 in the Dia+Exe group was lower than that of the Exe group while the NF-κB level increased (<i>P</i><0.001). Moreover, diabetes caused histopathological changes in lung tissue which improved with exercise in the Dia+Exe group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings showed that voluntary exercise could improve diabetes-induced pulmonary complications by ameliorating inflammatory conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10722479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}