Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Endurance training and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) inhibition combination is superior to each one alone in attenuating hyperketonemia/ketoacidosis in diabetic rats.","authors":"Hamed Rezaeinasab, Abdolhamid Habibi, Ramin Rezaei, Aref Basereh, Salva Reverentia Yurista, Kayvan Khoramipour","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.79864.17305","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.79864.17305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>While ketone bodies are not the main heart fuel, exercise may increase their uptake. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of 6-week endurance training and Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 )PDK4( inhibition on ketone bodies metabolism in the heart of diabetic rats with emphasis on the role of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator PGC-1alpha (PGC-1α).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups: healthy control group (CONT), endurance training group (TRA), diabetic group (DM), DM + EX group, Dichloroacetate (DCA) group, DM + DCA group, TRA + DCA group, and DM + TRA + DCA group. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin (STZ). The animals in training groups ran on the treadmill for six weeks (30-50 min running at 20-30 m/min). After the training period, molecular markers for mitochondrial biogenesis and ketone metabolism were assessed in the heart. Circulating ß-hydroxybutyrate (ßOHB) and Acetylacetonate (AcAc) levels were also measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed that 6-week endurance training increased the cardiac expression of PGC-1α, 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1 (OXCT1), and Acetyl-CoA Acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) and reduced beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase1 (BDH1) expression (<i>P</i>≤0.05). In addition, exercise and DCA usage significantly decreased PDK4 gene expression, ßOHB, and AcAc blood levels (<i>P</i>≤0.05). Furthermore, the combination of 6-week endurance training and DCA supplementation led to more reduction in PDFK4 gene expression, ßOHB, and AcAc blood levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Six-week endurance training and DCA supplementation could safely improve ketone body metabolism in the heart, ultimately reducing hyperketonemia/ketoacidosis in diabetic rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"80-86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11771343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsomal glutathione transferase 1 confers cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer via interaction with arachidonate lipoxygenase 5 to repress ferroptosis.","authors":"Jun Yuan, Rui Zhang, Li Liu, Yue-Song Ban, Ce Qin","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.79203.17160","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.79203.17160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cisplatin (DDP) resistance remains a primary cause of chemotherapy failure and recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Abnormal high microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) expression has been found in DDP-resistant NSCLC cells. This study aimed to explore the function and mechanism of MGST1 in DDP resistance of NSCLC cells.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The expression levels of target molecules were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Cell proliferation was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays. Ferroptosis was determined by malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), Fe²⁺, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The interaction between proteins was confirmed by Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). The effect of MGST1 on DDP resistance was evaluated using the tumor xenograft assay in vivo. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to measure Ki-67 and p-H2A.X expression in tumor tissues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MGST1 expression was higher, while arachidonate lipoxygenase 5 (ALOX5) expression was lower in DDP-resistant NSCLC patients and cells. <i>MGST1</i> ablation sensitized NSCLC cells to DDP therapy through inducing ferroptosis. MGST1 protein directly interacted with ALOX5 protein to restrain ALOX5-triggered ferroptosis. Ferroptosis inhibitor or sh-ALOX5 reversed the promotive effect of MGST1 silencing on the DDP sensitivity of NSCLC cells. Finally, <i>MGST1</i> depletion sensitized NSCLC cells to DDP therapy in nude mice <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MGST1 high expression contributed to DDP resistance of NSCLC cells by inhibiting ALOX5-induced ferroptosis. Our results provide a potential therapeutic target for overcoming DDP resistance in NSCLC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 2","pages":"209-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vanillic acid as a promising intervention for metabolic syndrome: Preclinical studies.","authors":"Mahboobeh Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar, Gordon A Ferns, Majid Ghayour Mobarhan","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.81709.17680","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.81709.17680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of metabolic abnormalities and anthropometric factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. As the search for effective treatments intensifies, attention has turned towards natural substances with potential medicinal benefits. Among them, vanillic acid, a phenolic acid present in many plants, has attracted some attention due to its wide range of biological activities. This review aimed to provide an in-depth summary of the potential therapeutic use of vanillic acid in metabolic syndrome. The potential mechanisms of action of vanillic acid, including its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypolipidemic properties, are discussed. The effect of vanillic acid on glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and adipocyte activity is also addressed. The effect of vanillic acid on lipid metabolism, including the control of lipid synthesis, breakdown, and transport, is also reviewed. The emerging evidence for the beneficial effects of vanillic acid in animal models, <i>in vitro</i> studies, and preliminary clinical studies is also highlighted. The data suggests that vanillic acid has the potential to ameliorate metabolic syndrome. However, further preclinical and clinical research is needed to determine the specific mechanisms of action, appropriate dose, and subsequent advantages of vanillic acid. A more comprehensive understanding of the therapeutic potential of vanillic acid could pave the way for developing innovative techniques for preventing and treating metabolic syndrome and its implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 2","pages":"141-150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of bacteria in cancers and their therapeutic potential: Review of current knowledge.","authors":"Wojciech Wawrety, Anna Kedziora","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.77667.16798","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.77667.16798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancers are extremely dynamic diseases that can actively cause refractorines to be gained from applied therapies, which is why they are at the forefront of deaths worldwide. In this literature review, we covered the most recent and important discoveries regarding the influence of human microbiota, including tumor bacteriome, on the development and treatment of cancer. Advances in research on microbial communities have enabled us to discover the role of the human microbiome in the development and course of this disease, helping us understand neoplasms better and design new potential therapies. As we show through our findings, by immunomodulation and the secretion of certain chemical substances, the correct bacteriome of the intestinal tract, respiratory system, or skin can protect humans against cancer development and help during the treatment process. Bacteria also reside inside tumors, forming part of the tumor microenvironment (TME), where they interact with immunological and cancer cells in many complex ways. Some bacteria, such as <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> or <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i>, can stimulate anticancer cell-mediated immune responses or even directly lead to cancer cell death. We also present the clinical possibilities of using some live, usually modified bacteria to develop bacteriotherapies. Modifying the gut microbiome to stimulate standard treatment is also important. Research on the microbiome and cancer remains a challenging topic in microbiology, having a great potential for advancements in cancer therapy in the future, and is continuously becoming a more and more popular field of research, as shown by our statistical analysis of PubMed data.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 3","pages":"273-282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yavar-70A, a novel water-in-oil adjuvant: A potency study in HPV-16E7d vaccine model.","authors":"Zeinab Mirzaei, Soyar Sari, Masoud Moghaddam Pour, Seyed Mehdi Hassanzadeh, Benjamin Damizadeh, Morteza Taghizadeh, Mehdi Mahdavi","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.81654.17671","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.81654.17671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Adjuvants are some of the most important components used for vaccine formulation. In addition, the efficacy of vaccines is highly dependent on the nature of the adjuvants used. Therefore, new adjuvant formulations may help develop more potent vaccines. In the present study, the potency of an in-house and water-in-oil adjuvant (Yavar-70A) was compared with Montanide ISA 206 and Montanide ISA 266 in an HPV-16E7d vaccine model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three HPV-16 E7d vaccines were formulated using three different adjuvants, Montanide ISA 206, Montanide ISA 266, and Yavar-70A, with standard protocols. Afterward, each formulation containing 10 μg of the E7d protein was administered thrice at two-week intervals to C57BL/6 mice. Serum levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secreted from spleen cells, total IgG, and specific IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes were assessed using ELISA two weeks after the last immunization. Lymphocyte proliferative responses were also evaluated using the BrdU method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the vaccine formulated using the Yavar-70A adjuvant showed the highest lymphocyte proliferation responses compared with other groups and higher IFN-γ cytokine release compared with that formulated using Montanide ISA 206. However, the vaccine formulated using Montanide ISA 206 induced the highest total IgG responses compared with other groups. Importantly, the vaccine formulated using Yavar-70A decreased IL-4 secretion compared with other vaccinated groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study demonstrated that Yavar-70A induces cellular and humoral immunologic parameters against the HPV-16 E7d vaccine model comparable to commercialized oil-based adjuvants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 2","pages":"224-229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NMDA receptors antagonists alleviated the acute phase of traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Mehrdad Hajinejad, Ahmadreza Gharaeian Morshed, Abdolreza Narouiepour, Maryam Izadpanahi, Mohammad Mahdi Taheri, Mohammad Hossein Sadeghian, Fatemeh Forouzanfar, Sajad Sahab Negah","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.80887.17500","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.80887.17500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of mortality and disability worldwide. TBI has been associated with factors such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis, which are believed to be mediated by the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptor. Two NMDA receptor antagonists, ketamine and memantine, have shown potential in mitigating the pathophysiological effects of TBI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To conduct the study, a controlled cortical impact model was used to induce TBI in rats. The rats with TBI were then divided into three groups: a group receiving only TBI, a group receiving TBI along with memantine, and a group receiving TBI along with ketamine. After 24 hr, the levels of oxidative stress markers (such as SOD, MDA, and total thiol) in the brain tissue were measured. Immunohistochemical staining was also performed seven days after TBI to assess the activation of glial cells and the TLR-4/NF-κB neuroinflammatory pathway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that treatment with memantine led to a reduction in MDA levels and an increase in SOD and total thiol levels. Memantine also decreased astrogliosis and down-regulated the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway. On the other hand, ketamine increased the levels of anti-oxidant markers but did not significantly affect the MDA level. Additionally, ketamine decreased the expression of NF-κB seven days after TBI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that NMDA receptor antagonists, such as ketamine and memantine, may have therapeutic effects on TBI by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 2","pages":"181-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications.","authors":"Sina Mahdavifard, Hamid Reza Malekzadeh","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.77553.16771","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.77553.16771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Increased nuclear factor (NF-kβ) and carbonyl stress due to decreased glyoxalase-1 activity (Glo-I) contribute significantly to insulin resistance and vascular complications. Therefore, we aimed to study the impact of the combination of thiamine and niacin on hepatic NF-kβ signaling, metabolic profile, and Glo-I activity in male rats with type-2 diabetes (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty male rats were divided equally into five groups: control, diabetic, diabetic treated with thiamine (180 mg/l in drinking water), niacin (180 mg/l), and a combination of both. The treated groups received the treatments daily in drinking water for two months. T2DM was induced using a combination of nicotinamide and alloxan. Metabolic profile and renal dysfunction parameters were assessed. Additionally, various glycation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The treated group with both vitamins showed the lowest blood sugar and insulin resistance indices, cardiovascular indices, renal dysfunction parameters, hepatic NF-kβ expression, oxidative stress, inflammatory and glycation markers, and the highest anti-oxidant and anti-glycation markers, β cell activity, and insulin sensitivity. Thiamine exhibited more anti-inflammatory activity than niacin in diabetic rats, while niacin demonstrated stronger anti-oxidant activity (<i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined use of vitamins had a more beneficial impact on macro and microvascular complications in diabetes than each alone, attributed to their higher anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycation characteristics. The vitamins also had a more corrective effect on glucose-lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and renal function through a stronger lowering effect on hepatic NF-kβ expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"98-104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11771336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of thymoquinone on vitamin D metabolism in glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance.","authors":"Hazel Berna Göktuğ, Semiha Dede","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.81932.17725","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.81932.17725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The key ingredient in <i>Nigella sativa</i>, thymoquinone (TQ), has several beneficial (antioxidant and anti-inflammatory) properties. This study aimed to investigate the vitamin D metabolism in insulin resistance and the effects of TQ.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Male Wistar albino rats were used. TQ was administered as a therapy, and prophylaxis and treatment with metformin were set up for the groups in which insulin resistance had been developed. The gene groups implicated in vitamin D metabolism underwent RT-PCR gene expression analysis and western blot protein analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis shows that the application of TQ reduced HOMA-IR (a sign of insulin resistance). The expression of the VDR gene may be responsible for TQ's effect on treating insulin resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It has been demonstrated that using TQ for therapeutic and preventive reasons is advantageous for improving insulin resistance metrics. Serum vitamin D level was also found to be impacted, which was found to be directly related to the expression of several genes involved in vitamin D metabolism in the liver. However, some of these genes were found to be relatively ineffective in the present study.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 3","pages":"292-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the protective effects of fluvoxamine against sepsis-related acute lung injury through antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant features in rats.","authors":"Halil Asci, Suleyman Emre Akin, Hasan Ekrem Camas, Ahmet Bindal, Okan Kurtbolat, Serife Tasan, Abdurrahman Gulal, Rumeysa Taner, Turgut Kurt, Ozlem Ozmen","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.80608.17444","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.80608.17444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by severe hypoxia and alveolar damage, often caused by oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and apoptosis. Fluvoxamine (FLV), an antidepressant, has tissue-protective properties through various intracellular mechanisms. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory effects of FLV used as an antidepressant in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty-two female Wistar Albino rats aged 14-16 weeks and weighing 300-350 g, with 8 animals in each group, were divided into four groups: control, LPS, LPS+FLV, and FLV. After LPS administration, rats were euthanized, and histopathological analysis, immunohistochemistry for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and caspase-3 (Cas-3), ELISA for oxidative stress markers, and PCR for CHOP, Cas-12, and Cas-9 gene expressions were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the LPS group, lung tissue damage, increased inflammatory cell infiltration, increased Cas-3 and TNF-α expressions, increased oxidative stress markers, and increased CHOP, Cas-9, and Cas-12 mRNA expressions were observed compared to the control group. FLV treatment in the LPS+FLV group significantly reversed these effects in the LPS group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FLV exhibits protective effects against ALI by mitigating inflammation, ERS, and apoptosis via the CHOP/Cas-9/Cas-12 pathway. Further studies are needed to explore additional pathways and potential clinical applications of FLV.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 3","pages":"323-331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regeneration of the skin wound by two different crosslinkers: <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies.","authors":"Naimeh Mahheidari, Morteza Alizadeh, Mohamad Kamalabadi Farahani, Zohreh Arabpour, Nariman Rezaei Kolarijani, Ali R Djalilian, Majid Salehi","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.80137.17361","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijbms.2024.80137.17361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>For designing a suitable hydrogel, two crosslinked Alginate/ Carboxymethyl cellulose (Alg/CMC) hydrogel, using calcium chloride (Ca²⁺) and glutaraldehyde (GA) as crosslinking agents were synthesized and compared.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All samples were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Blood compatibility (BC), Blood clotting index (BCI), weight loss (WL), water absorption (WA), pH, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Cell viability and cell migration were investigated using the MTT assay and the wound scratch test, respectively. Besides, the wound healing potential of prepared hydrogels was evaluated on the rat models with full-thickness skin excision. To further investigation, TGF β1, IGF-I, COL1, ACT-A (alfa-SMA), and GAPDH expression levels were also reported by RT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Water absorption and weight loss properties were compared between different crosslinker agents, and the most nontoxic crosslinker concentration was determined. We have shown that GA (20 µl/ml) and Ca²⁺ (50 or 75 mM) enhanced the physical stability of Alg-CMC hydrogel, and they are nontoxic and suitable crosslinkers for wound dressing applications. Although <i>in vivo</i> assessments indicated that the GA (20 µl/ml) had a cytotoxic effect on tissue repair, Ca²⁺ (75 mM) boosted the wound healing process. Further, RT-PCR results revealed that TGF β1, IGF-I, COL1, ACT-A (alfa-SMA), and GAPDH expression levels were increased in GA (20 µl/ml). Moreover, this trend is the opposite in the Ca²⁺ (75 mM) treatment groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research shows that Ca²⁺ (75 mM) boosts tissue regeneration and wound healing process.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 2","pages":"194-208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}