International Wound Journal最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Medical Device-Related Pressure Injury Prevention Among Nursing Students Undertaking Clinical Placements: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Basma Basha,&nbsp;Maysa` Kassabry,&nbsp;Fadia Reshia,&nbsp;Asmaa Elnosary,&nbsp;Yara Salameh,&nbsp;Najwa Subuh","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70996","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iwj.70996","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Medical device-related pressure injuries (MDRPIs) are localised skin and/or tissue injuries caused by sustained pressure from diagnostic or therapeutic devices and often mirror the device shape. Although largely preventable, MDRPIs require consistent assessment, documentation and timely preventive care during device use. This cross-sectional study assessed knowledge and attitudes towards MDRPI prevention and management among second-, third- and fourth-year nursing students undertaking clinical placements and examined associations with selected sociodemographic and training-related variables. A survey was conducted at Arab American University in the West Bank during April–May 2025. Data were collected using a 16-item MDRPI knowledge test (score range 0–16) and an 11-item attitude scale (score range 11–55), for which all negatively worded items were reverse-coded before total scores were calculated so that higher scores indicated more positive attitudes. A total of 313 nursing students undertaking clinical placements were included in the analysis. Knowledge was high (mean = 13.32, SD = 2.51), with 76.36% classified as having good knowledge. Attitudes were less favourable (mean = 28.30, SD = 11.79); 43.45% were classified descriptively as having negative attitudes and 42.17% as neutral. Knowledge and attitude scores were weakly positively correlated (<i>r</i> = 0.24, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Previous MDRPI-related training was associated with higher knowledge (14.65 ± 1.09 vs. 11.26 ± 2.69, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), whereas attitude scores did not differ significantly by gender, academic year or previous training. These findings support guideline-based, simulation- and case-supported educational strategies that address knowledge, motivation, professional accountability and documentation practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensive Care Nurses' Adherence to Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers and Their Self-Efficacy: A Cross-Sectional","authors":"Özlem Fidan,&nbsp;Arife Şanlialp Zeyrek,&nbsp;Durdu Ok","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70998","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iwj.70998","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nurses' knowledge levels, clinical skills, self-efficacy, and practices play a decisive role in the prevention and management of pressure ulcers. The study aimed to evaluate intensive care nurses in a Turkish university hospital, evidence-based practices and self-efficacy levels in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers and to determine factors influencing self-efficacy. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 134 nurses working in intensive care units of a university hospital. Data were collected using the Pressure Ulcer Management Self-Efficacy Scale and an Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Assessment Form. The mean pressure ulcer self-efficacy score was 57.07 ± 19.28, with the highest in assessment and the lowest in planning. The self-efficacy level was significantly positively correlated with age and the number of patients receiving pressure ulcer care per week. The self-efficacy levels of nurses who had not received training on pressure ulcers and who perceived their knowledge and skills as insufficient were significantly lower. The Braden Scale was widely used, whereas the use of wound assessment scales and modern dressing methods was limited. Nurses' self-efficacy regarding the management of pressure ulcers was above the average level and was affected by age, experience, and education level. Risk assessment was widely practiced, whereas individualised care and advanced treatment methods were insufficient. Regular evidence-based training and hands-on workshops for intensive care nurses may enhance self-efficacy and improve care quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13388016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Brief Patient-Reported Symptom Burden Scale for Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Development and Validation","authors":"Kai Li,&nbsp;Wenhui Dong,&nbsp;Min Huang,&nbsp;Bin Jia,&nbsp;Binglei Li,&nbsp;Yanqun Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangrong Luo,&nbsp;Xiaowen Wu,&nbsp;Rongrong Yan,&nbsp;Xia Jiang,&nbsp;Cuihua Xie","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70995","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iwj.70995","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is associated with substantial morbidity and symptom burden that may be insufficiently captured by wound-centred documentation. This study developed and psychometrically evaluated a brief DFU-specific patient-reported symptom burden scale. A two-phase design was used. Phase I generated and refined items through literature review, semi-structured interviews, Delphi consultation, and pilot testing. Phase II was a cross-sectional validation study in a tertiary hospital in China, using a development sample (<i>n</i> = 160) for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis and a validation sample (<i>n</i> = 200) for confirmatory factor analysis, construct validity testing, and reliability assessment. The final scale included 23 items across six clinically interpretable domains and assessed symptom frequency, severity, and distress. The six-factor structure explained 64.398% of variance and showed acceptable model fit (<i>χ</i>²/df = 1.987). Content validity was high (I-CVI = 0.875–1.00; S-CVI/UA = 0.923; S-CVI/Ave = 0.990). Total scores correlated moderately with DFS-SF scores (<i>r</i> = 0.630). Reliability was satisfactory (Cronbach's <i>α</i> = 0.840; split-half = 0.923; ICC = 0.983). The scale may support systematic symptom monitoring and symptom-focused DFU care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13384773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Factors Influencing the Incidence of Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using Classical Statistical and Machine Learning Approaches: A Systematic Review","authors":"Alireza Jafarkhani,&nbsp;Mehdi Jafari Oori,&nbsp;Masoud Arabfard,&nbsp;Kiavash Hushmandi,&nbsp;Mohammad Pourebrahimi","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70982","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iwj.70982","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetic foot ulcers are among the most challenging complications of diabetes. Diabetes heightens patients' risk of severe complications, including amputations and death, while also driving up healthcare system costs. Given the significance of this problem, the present study conducted a systematic review of studies that used Classical Statistical and Machine Learning Approaches to identify factors influencing the development of diabetic foot ulcers in individuals with diabetes. A thorough literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, covering their inception through 7 September 2025. This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMAs) guidelines. Data were analysed narratively using content analysis. Eligible studies used predictive methods to identify factors associated with the development of diabetic foot ulcers. A total of 4396 articles were screened, and 66 studies were selected for full-text review after application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review of these studies identified 95 factors associated with predicting diabetic foot ulcers, among which neuropathy, diabetes duration, age, body mass index and peripheral vascular disease were the most frequently reported. In addition, among the predictive models used in the studies, logistic and Cox regression models were the most useful for predicting factors associated with diabetic foot ulcers. This study identifies key predictive factors for diabetic foot ulcers, enabling healthcare systems to target high-risk patients through early screening. Proactive identification of vulnerable diabetic patients can prevent severe complications, such as amputation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70982","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148436758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Adipose Derived Stem Cells in Chronic Wound Healing","authors":"Siôna M. Ladley,&nbsp;Seyran Naghdi","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70986","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iwj.70986","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wound healing is a complex process of angiogenesis, inflammation and proliferation relying on co-ordination of multiple cell types and cytokines. Dysregulation of this process can lead to chronicity, which we are seeing more commonly due to an increasingly comorbid population. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) show promise as a therapy though their ability to augment the tissue microenvironment via multiple pathways. This review aims to synthesise evidence on the effects of ADSCs on chronic wound healing to assess their efficacy. A systematic search of four databases was conducted covering a period up to June 2025. Comparative studies investigating ADSCs and wounds of any aetiology were included, and a meta-analysis was performed on pooled data. Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis (<i>N</i> = 498). Patients treated with ADSCs were more likely to heal at short-term follow-up (odds ratio (OR) 6.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.80–11.27; <i>n</i> = 377 <i>I</i>² = 0.00% <i>p</i> = 0.00) and healed significantly faster (mean difference −1.90, CI −2.28, −1.51; <i>n</i> = 210, <i>I</i>² = 23.58, <i>p</i> = 0.00) than controls. Grades of recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation assessment showed this evidence is of moderate certainty. This review presents clinical evidence that ADSC use is a safe therapy which expedites the healing of wounds from multiple aetiologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70986","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Adjunctive Acupressure on Postoperative Infection and Hospital Stay in Wagner Grade 2–3 Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Propensity Score-Stratified Cohort Study","authors":"Conghui Shi,&nbsp;Ya Qi,&nbsp;Yaoguo Cui","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70992","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iwj.70992","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a severe complication characterised by poor healing. Although adjunctive therapies like acupressure may improve outcomes, controlled evidence remains limited. This study evaluated whether acupressure reduces postoperative infection rates and hospital stay in patients with Wagner grade 2–3 DFUs. This single-center retrospective cohort study included eligible patients undergoing surgical debridement and moist wound healing between 2018 and 2024. Patients receiving standardised acupressure (ST36, SP6, KI3) were compared to a standard care-only cohort. To control confounders while maximising statistical power and generalizability, we employed an unstratified propensity score subclassification approach, dividing the full cohort into five quintiles. Primary outcomes were postoperative wound infection and hospital stay length. Secondary outcomes included antibiotic duration and re-debridement rate. We analyzed the full cohort of 423 patients (acupressure group: 186; standard care group: 237). After adjusting for propensity score strata, the acupressure group exhibited significantly lower postoperative infection rates (unadjusted 16.7% vs. 32.1%, adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.001) and shorter hospital stays (unadjusted median 10.0 vs. 12.0 days; adjusted mean difference −2.1 days, 95% CI −3.4 to −0.8, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Systemic antibiotic duration was significantly reduced (unadjusted median 6.0 vs. 8.0 days, adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.003), alongside a clinically relevant decrease in re-debridement rates (9.1% vs. 17.3%, adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.057). Doubly robust multivariate regression confirmed adjunctive acupressure as an independent protective factor against postoperative infection (adjusted OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.28–0.80, <i>p</i> = 0.005), with interaction tests demonstrating consistent benefits across all propensity score subclasses. Adjunctive acupressure significantly reduces postoperative infection risk and shortens hospitalisation in Wagner 2–3 DFU patients. Retaining the full cohort via propensity score subclassification strengthens generalizability, suggesting acupressure as a safe, effective, and low-cost complementary therapy for standard wound care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70992","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Impact of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy With Instillation Compared With Standard Negative Pressure Wound Therapy and Gauze Dressing in Acute Traumatic Wounds","authors":"Dimas A. Milcheski,&nbsp;Ashley W. Collinsworth,&nbsp;Siobhan Lookess,&nbsp;Rafael A. Santos Jr,&nbsp;Bruna C. S. Amaral,&nbsp;Rolf Gemperli","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70994","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iwj.70994","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Negative pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time has demonstrated clinical benefits in complex wounds, but data regarding its economic impact in traumatic wounds remain limited. This study evaluated differences in overall hospitalisation costs and wound-related inpatient costs among patients with acute traumatic wounds treated with negative pressure wound therapy with instillation compared with standard negative pressure wound therapy and gauze dressings. Hospitalisation costs and inputs for a wound-related economic model were obtained from a single-centre randomised controlled trial including patients treated with negative pressure wound therapy with instillation, standard negative pressure wound therapy or gauze dressings for acute traumatic wounds. Wound-related cost per patient was estimated as the sum of costs associated with wound-related inpatient stay, surgical procedures and wound therapy products. Total overall hospitalisation cost was lower for patients treated with negative pressure wound therapy with instillation ($7814) compared with standard negative pressure wound therapy ($7890) and gauze dressing ($9735), although these differences were not statistically significant. Modelled wound-related costs were lower in the instillation therapy group ($3390) compared with standard negative pressure wound therapy ($4149) and gauze dressing ($4275). These differences were primarily driven by shorter time to wound closure and fewer surgical procedures. Using randomised controlled trial-derived inputs, negative pressure wound therapy with instillation was associated with lower modelled wound-related costs than standard negative pressure wound therapy and gauze dressing in patients with acute traumatic wounds. These differences were primarily driven by shorter time to wound closure and fewer wound-related surgical procedures. Because overall hospitalisation costs and overall length of stay did not differ significantly between groups, these findings should be interpreted as modelled wound-related cost differences rather than demonstrated reductions in total hospitalisation expenditure.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70994","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148396791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Incidence, Risk Factors and Characteristics of Respiratory Device-Related Pressure Injuries","authors":"Sevda Sönmez,&nbsp;Buğse Böleç,&nbsp;Zilan Baran,&nbsp;Dilek Özden","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70933","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iwj.70933","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to investigate the incidence of respiratory device-related pressure injuries (RDRPI) in patients hospitalised in chest disease clinics, as well as the associated risk factors and wound characteristics. This prospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted at a chest disease hospital in a province in western Turkey between February and July 2024. A total of 225 patients who were hospitalised for 24 h or more and used respiratory devices in the chest diseases clinic of the hospital were included in the study. It was found that 32.9% of the patients developed RDRPIs. The study identified that prolonged hospitalisation, low albumin and haemoglobin levels and inappropriate sizing of the respiratory device were associated with an increased risk of developing these injuries. The study found a high incidence of RDRPIs. It is recommended that high-quality evidence-based studies be conducted on the prevention and reduction of these injuries in hospitalised patients, and that institutional strategies be developed to address this issue by targeting modifiable risk factors such as device fit and nutritional status.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70933","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunoinflammatory Profile of FGF-18, IL-35 and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcers","authors":"Hemin Mohamad Hussein,&nbsp;Ahmed Alkhuzai,&nbsp;Shukur Wasman Smail,&nbsp;Taha Othman Mahwi,&nbsp;Jonas Bystrom,&nbsp;Christer Janson,&nbsp;Kawa Amin","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70990","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iwj.70990","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a serious problem that may cause amputation of the lower extremities in patients with diabetes. The present research aimed to assess the localised tissue expression and potential immunoinflammatory crosstalk among fibroblast growth factor-18 (FGF-18), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and interleukin-35 (IL-35) in DFU compared to non-diabetic controls (NDCs), while also examining the systemic serum levels of FGF-18 and IL-35. Venous blood was collected from 80 patients with DFU and 100 NDC, and the concentrations of serum IL-35, FGF-18 and blood haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were analysed. Aseptically collected biopsy samples were obtained from FUs of 30 type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients and from accidental foot wounds of 30 NDC. Biopsies were preserved in formalin (10%) until paraffin blocks were prepared. The immunohistochemical methodology used antibodies specifically to identify tissue FGF-18, GAD and IL-35 in the soft tissue specimens. The tissue expression of FGF-18, IL-35 and GAD was significantly higher in DFU compared to NDC (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.0001), suggesting a strong localised immunoinflammatory role, whereas serum levels of FGF-18 and IL-35 remained statistically unchanged. Furthermore, significant positive correlations observed between tissue IL-35 and FGF-18 (<i>r</i> = 0.67, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) and between tissue IL-35 and GAD (<i>r</i> = 0.60, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) indicate robust immunoinflammatory crosstalk. The marked and correlated elevation of FGF-18, IL-35 and GAD specifically within DFU tissue, without changes in serum levels of FGF-18 and IL-35, establishes a robust, compartmentalised immunoinflammatory axis that drives chronic pathology and presents novel targets for localised therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70990","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148375644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden and Associated Factors of Diabetic Foot Complications in a Tertiary Referral Cohort Between 2021 and 2024 in the Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Mohamed Goda Elbqry,&nbsp;Fatma Mohamed Elmansy,&nbsp;Talal Ali F. Alharbi,&nbsp;Hani Badahdah,&nbsp;Mona Ibrahim Hebeshy,&nbsp;Mohammed Nader Shalaby","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70987","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iwj.70987","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetic foot complications, including ulcers, infections, and amputations, remain a major cause of morbidity among individuals with diabetes, primarily driven by neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease. Despite being largely preventable, their burden remains substantial, particularly in high-risk populations. To assess the burden and associated factors of diabetic foot complications among patients attending a tertiary diabetes centre in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, between 2021 and 2024. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using medical record data from 4119 patients attending a tertiary referral diabetes and endocrinology centre. Standardised clinical and demographic data were extracted and analysed to estimate the burden of diabetic foot complications and examine associated factors. The mean age of the participants was 58.8 ± 10.8 years; 60.5% were male, and 97.8% had type II diabetes. The mean BMI was 28.2 ± 2.9 kg/m², and the mean HbA1c level was 8.9% ± 2.1%. Hypertension was present in 78.9% of participants. Foot ulcers were identified in 65.4% of patients, and 41.2% had a history of lower-extremity amputation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age, male sex, type II diabetes, smoking, hypertension, elevated BMI, higher HbA1c levels, and lack of participation in diabetes-related educational programs were independently associated with amputation. Male patients had higher adjusted odds of amputation than females (AOR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.23–1.79), while type II diabetes was independently associated with higher odds of amputation (AOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.02–2.07). A high burden of diabetic foot complications was observed in this tertiary referral cohort, likely reflecting the concentration of advanced and complex cases. Older age, male sex, type II diabetes, smoking, hypertension, elevated BMI, higher HbA1c levels, and lack of participation in diabetes-related educational programs were independently associated with lower-extremity amputation. These findings highlight the importance of earlier referral of high-risk patients, strengthening diabetic foot screening within primary healthcare settings, and enhancing multidisciplinary foot care services to prevent progression to advanced disease and reduce avoidable amputations. However, given the retrospective cross-sectional design, the reported findings should be interpreted as associations rather than causal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148375736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}