International Wound Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effect of an Online Educational Program on Nurses' Knowledge of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis","authors":"Run Qi Cheong,&nbsp;George Frederick Glass Jr,&nbsp;Cheng Cheng Karine Goh,&nbsp;Ee-Yuee Chan","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.70705","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rapid online education is essential to equip nurses with new knowledge, such as how to care for incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD). We evaluated the effect of an online educational program on nurses' knowledge of IAD through a pretest-posttest study, examining how it changed nurses' IAD knowledge. Our 15-item knowledge test contained four categories: 1. IAD pathophysiology, 2. IAD identification and management, 3. Differences between IAD and pressure injuries, and 4. Visual vignettes. We recruited 73 nurses from January 2022 to October 2022 in a Singapore tertiary hospital. Mean baseline IAD knowledge was low, 8.19 out of 15. Mean overall knowledge improved significantly from 8.19 to 9.51 post-test (Mean difference = 1.32, 95% CI: 0.73–1.90, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), reflecting a 30% increase in the proportion of participants with moderate to high knowledge after the program. Participants also improved in their IAD identification and management knowledge (Mean difference = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.40–1.00, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Our study found that an online program enhanced nurses' overall knowledge of IAD, especially in its identification and management. Combining an online program with other modes of learning, for example, face-to-face trainings, might result in a greater understanding of this skin injury. Our findings further highlight the importance of clinical experience, first-hand practicums and regular trainings in consolidating nurses' IAD knowledge. Computer-assisted instruction; education, nursing; incontinence-associated dermatitis; knowledge; online learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70705","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Our Experience With Four or More Crystallised Phenol Applications in Pilonidal Sinus Disease","authors":"Metin Yalçın,&nbsp;Ahmet Cem Esmer","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.70689","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study was to analyse the clinical outcomes of patients with pilonidal sinus who underwent daily phenol treatment in the local intervention room of the outpatient clinic. We retrospectively evaluated 53 patients (43 male, 10 female) aged ≥ 18 years who received 4–9 crystallised phenol applications for pilonidal sinus disease. The mean number of phenol applications was 4.84 sessions (range: 4–9). Treatment success was achieved in 92.45% of patients, with a 3-year follow-up. Recurrence occurred in one patient (1.9%), while three patients (5.7%) required surgery due to treatment failure. Complications included skin necrosis (<i>n</i> = 2) and transient pain (<i>n</i> = 2). Phenol treatment is an effective and simple procedure compared to surgical methods, which can be easily applied in outpatient treatment. Therefore, we believe that it can be applied in many sessions to suitable patients without the need for aggressive surgical excision.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70689","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential Role for a Painless Enzymatic Debridement Gel in Wound Bed Preparation for Venous Leg Ulcers—A Dose Escalation Study","authors":"David Goldsmith,&nbsp;David M. Fairlamb","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.70702","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are painful wounds that require thorough debridement to optimise their chances of healing. We sought to assess the impact on debridement pain from the use of tarumase gel in a prospective Phase IIA open-label, multi-centre, dose escalation study and comparing this to historical pain scores derived from a review of surgical and mechanical debridement within similar chronic wound populations. With tarumase gel, no increase in pain over baseline was observed, irrespective of whether pain was assessed 15–30 min after administration or whether the gel had been resident on the wound for 48–72 h. At the highest concentration of tarumase tested [11 U/mL], all reported NRS scores were below 2.90 (categorised as slight pain) with small trends towards a reduction in the pain score from as early as the first application. By contrast, from previous literature, surgical and mechanical debridement, when used without anaesthesia, commonly resulted in pain scores in excess of 50 mm on 100 mm visual analogue scales (VAS), categorised as moderate to severe pain. Pain from surgical/mechanical debridement can be reduced by topical anaesthetic creams; however, this requires at least 30–60 min of application and subsequent removal prior to debridement, making it impractical to use in busy clinic facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70702","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Our Voices, Our Stories—A Multi-Method Knowledge Translation Strategy for Advancing Inclusivity and Creating Trauma-Informed Wound Care","authors":"Idevania G. Costa,&nbsp;Robert K. Strachan,&nbsp;Darren Levine,&nbsp;Iryna Kuper,&nbsp;Samantha Santorelli,&nbsp;Pilar Camargo Plazas,&nbsp;Mariam Botros,&nbsp;Irmajean Bajnok,&nbsp;Catherine Philips","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.70698","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This initiative utilised knowledge translation (KT) strategies, including digital storytelling (DST) as both a narrative and educational tool, to amplify voices and support trauma-informed healing for individuals living with chronic wounds. A multi-method KT approach was employed, involving: (1) patient DST; (2) a national Patient Journey conference; (3) webinars and conference sessions; (4) a social media campaign; (5) infographics and supplements and (6) an open-access digital library. Since its launch in November 2021, the initiative has garnered significant engagement. Twenty-five patients and care partners across Canada shared their wound care journeys. In June 2022, 191 patients, advocates, policymakers and healthcare providers attended the inaugural virtual Patient Journey. Additionally, 102 participants joined three Patient Journey events between June and October 2024. Patient stories received 23 012 views, and the social media campaign and infographics reached over 900 healthcare professionals, policymakers and advocates across Canada. The initiative raised awareness of the challenges faced by individuals living with wounds. Storytellers described grief, frustration and confusion, underscoring the need for person-centred wound care, timely specialised services and better healthcare navigation. Their experiences revealed care gaps, highlighting the urgent need for systemic change to promote equity and inclusivity in wound care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70698","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioimpedance Measurement for Monitoring Chronic Wounds: A Systematic Review","authors":"Magdalena Antoszewska,&nbsp;Katarzyna Połomska,&nbsp;Piotr Spychalski,&nbsp;Atte Kekonen,&nbsp;Jari Viik,&nbsp;Wioletta Barańska-Rybak","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.70707","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chronic wounds decrease patients' quality of life and pose an economic burden on healthcare systems and individuals. Wound assessment tools and monitoring technologies may reduce the costs related to chronic wound management. Bioimpedance has attracted growing attention as a quantitative tool for monitoring chronic ulcers, owing to its proven ability to detect tissue changes throughout the wound healing process. The main objective of this study was to review the state-of-the-art literature on the use of bioimpedance in chronic wound monitoring. A systematic review of literature was performed on the 30th of August 2024 according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines in three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science). Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review. Studies on bioimpedance measurements for chronic lower leg wound monitoring were analysed, confirming significant differences in bioimpedance between wound and healthy skin, with changes observed throughout the healing process. The variety of electrode types and setups highlights the method's complexity, with electrode configuration playing a critical role in ensuring accurate results. Several challenges remain before it can be effectively implemented in clinical practice. Our review emphasises the potential usefulness of bioimpedance-based methods in monitoring chronic wounds on the lower legs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70707","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Polyhexanide Care Bundle on Surgical Site Infections in Paediatric and Neonatal Cardiac Surgery: A Propensity Score-Matched Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Gianluca Castiello,&nbsp;Giuseppe Caravella,&nbsp;Greta Ghizzardi,&nbsp;Gianluca Conte,&nbsp;Arianna Magon,&nbsp;Tiziana Fiorini,&nbsp;Laurenzia Ferraris,&nbsp;Simona De Vecchi,&nbsp;Veronica Calorenne,&nbsp;Andreea Alina Andronache,&nbsp;Alessandro Varrica,&nbsp;Alessandro Giamberti,&nbsp;Antonio Saracino,&nbsp;Rosario Caruso","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.70710","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) care bundle on the occurrence rates of surgical site infections (SSIs) in paediatric and neonatal cardiac surgery, addressing a critical gap in paediatric-specific infection prevention protocols. A retrospective cohort study included patients under 18 years old who underwent cardiac surgery at IRCCS Policlinico San Donato. Cohort A (<i>n</i> = 117) received the PHMB care bundle from April to December 2023, while Cohort B (<i>n</i> = 801) received conventional care from September 2020 to March 2023. The 1:1 propensity score matching was used to balance covariates between cohorts, resulting in two comparable cohorts (Cohort A = 114 patients and Cohort B = 112). The study found a significant reduction in SSIs among patients receiving the PHMB care bundle compared with those receiving conventional care (1.8% vs. 7.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.048). The comprehensive nature of the PHMB care bundle, including educational programs, preoperative and postoperative antimicrobial treatments, and consistent application of best practices, was instrumental in achieving these outcomes. Implementing antimicrobial care bundles could significantly reduce SSIs in paediatric cardiac surgery. Future research is needed to refine the tested bundle with prospective approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70710","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Double-Edged Approach for Managing Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Lesions","authors":"Masoud Foroutan,&nbsp;Hamidreza Majidiani,&nbsp;Hany M. Elsheikha,&nbsp;Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni,&nbsp;Saeed Bahadory,&nbsp;Reza Saberi,&nbsp;Ana Shirzadshahrivar,&nbsp;Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi,&nbsp;Sara Soudi","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.70709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Leishmania</i> spp. are intracellular protozoan parasites responsible for leishmaniasis, a globally prevalent vector-borne disease transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. Within vertebrate hosts, the parasites preferentially infect macrophages and dendritic cells, leading to cell lysis and the formation of disfiguring lesions. Current treatment regimens are hampered by high toxicity, prolonged administration protocols, and severe side effects, underscoring the need for safer and more effective therapeutic alternatives. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), multipotent non-haematopoietic progenitors with fibroblast-like characteristics, possess self-renewal capacity and the ability to differentiate into various functional cell types. Their intrinsic immunomodulatory and antimicrobial properties have positioned MSCs as promising candidates for combating infectious diseases, including leishmaniasis. This review systematically synthesises experimental evidence on the effects of MSCs on <i>Leishmania</i> parasites and the associated lesions, investigates the potential healing mechanisms of MSCs in the context of <i>Leishmania</i> infection, and outlines future research directions in this evolving field. A comprehensive literature search—spanning Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to 31 May 2024—identified 11 relevant studies: eight from Iran, two from Brazil, and one from Turkey. While Brazilian investigations utilised <i>L. amazonensis</i>, the others focused primarily on <i>L. major</i>, a leading cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Across these studies, MSC-based therapy has shown immunomodulatory and antiparasitic effects, influenced by factors such as cell dosage, timing, route of administration, and the parasite burden. Despite promising findings, variability in experimental designs and outcomes highlights the early and exploratory stage of MSC application in CL therapy. Rigorous and standardised research is urgently needed to validate the therapeutic potential of MSCs and to support their clinical translation for leishmaniasis treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70709","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Randomised Cross-Over Study to Evaluate the Physiological Effects of Internal Air Pressure Changes in Advanced Support Surface Design","authors":"Silvia Caggiari,&nbsp;Martin Toms,&nbsp;Rehorova Lucie,&nbsp;Zara Evans,&nbsp;Ralph Gordon,&nbsp;Paul Muckelt,&nbsp;Florence Mbithi,&nbsp;Davide Filingeri,&nbsp;Peter R. Worsley","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.70703","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High specification mattresses periodically redistribute pressure using alternating air cells, offloading tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of alternating air pressure gradients on sacral tissue physiology. This randomised cross-over study recruited 15 healthy participants to test the three mattress settings (fast cycle, normal cycle, and slow cycle). Participants were asked to adopt supine, lateral, and high sitting (head of bed at 40°) postures, whilst transcutaneous tissue gas tensions and interface pressures at the sacrum were continuously monitored. Comparison between mattress settings and postures showed no statistical difference (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) between peak pressure index values at the sacrum for each air inflation cycle speed setting. By contrast, a significantly higher sacral (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) contact area was observed for high sitting. During high sitting, ischemic responses during both fast and normal air inflation cycle speed settings were recorded. During the slow air inflation cycle speed, most participants (60%–100%) showed high levels of perfusion. The present study identified a main effect of posture on interface pressure and perfusion over the sacrum. The alternating mattress speed influenced local tissue perfusion, with the greatest changes in tissue oxygenation occurring in a high-speed setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70703","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Is the Impact of Care Bundles on the Prevalence or Incidence of Pressure Ulcers Among At-Risk Adults in the Acute Care Setting? A Systematic Review","authors":"Áine Curtis,&nbsp;Rosemarie Derwin,&nbsp;Gráinne Milne,&nbsp;Ann Marie Connor,&nbsp;Linda Nugent,&nbsp;Zena Moore","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.70693","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A pressure ulcer is an injury to the skin and underlying tissues caused by pressure, shear or a combination of the two. In Europe, the mean prevalence rate of pressure ulcers is 10.8%, in Ireland, it is less than 12%. Using systematic review methodology, original research studies written in English were included, employing pre- and post-studies, quality improvement initiatives or projects, randomised controlled trials and experimental studies. Data was extracted using a pre-designed data extraction tool and quality appraisal was undertaken using the Evidence-Based Librarianship (EBL) tool. Where appropriate, a meta-analysis was undertaken using RevMan. The study protocol was pre-registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO CRD42023442711). Following the search, 628 records were returned, of which 25 met the inclusion criteria. The studies were conducted in a variety of acute healthcare settings. Of the included studies, 16 presented data on incidence and 12 presented data on prevalence of pressure ulcers post-implementation of a care bundle. A meta-analysis of 10 studies discussing incidence indicates the RR of PU is 0.40 (95% CI: 0.21–0.78; <i>p</i> = 0.007), supporting the use of a care bundle. A meta-analysis of seven studies discussing prevalence indicates the RR of PU is 0.34 (95% CI: 0.21–0.56; <i>p</i> = 0.0001), demonstrating the reduction in the RR of PU development in favour of the care bundle group. A variety of care bundle elements were found in the studies. Although results indicated the use of a care bundle was advantageous in preventing a pressure ulcer in the acute care setting, it was unclear which of these elements were most effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70693","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Towards Thermal Burns: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Lebanese Population","authors":"Charbel B. Aoun,&nbsp;Joseph Sfeir,&nbsp;Raymond Challita,&nbsp;Elie Moukawam,&nbsp;Ziad Hankach,&nbsp;Samira Wanna,&nbsp;Georgio Abou Tass,&nbsp;Elias Nemnom,&nbsp;Ralph Daher,&nbsp;Cybelle Tannoury,&nbsp;Deoda Maassarani,&nbsp;Nancy Zeaiter,&nbsp;Elie Fazaa,&nbsp;Nina Rossa Haddad,&nbsp;Loubna Abboud,&nbsp;George Ghanime,&nbsp;Ziad Sleiman","doi":"10.1111/iwj.70704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.70704","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the Lebanese population regarding thermal burns to inform targeted interventions. Using a cross-sectional design, data was collected from 1090 participants though a structured questionnaire. Key findings revealed a mean knowledge score of 14.89/20, indicating moderate understanding, with gaps in identifying third-degree burns and optimal cooling durations. Attitudes scores averaged 36.97/50, reflecting a strong support for burn prevention but low confidence in first aid. Practices scored 12.37/20, with many participants adhering to safety measures but relying on unverified remedies and lacking emergency preparedness. Significant correlations were found between the three domains, particularly between knowledge and practices (<i>r</i> = 0.328, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), emphasising the role of education and attitudes in shaping behaviours. Multivariate analysis identified formal first aid training, education, and urban residency as strong predictors across all three domains, while older age negatively influenced knowledge. These results underscore the need for culturally tailored education and enhanced training to address gaps in burn prevention and management among the Lebanese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14451,"journal":{"name":"International Wound Journal","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iwj.70704","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}