Invertebrate Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Circadian rhythm in melatonin release as a mechanism to reinforce the temporal organization of the circadian system in crayfish.","authors":"Leonor Mendoza-Vargas,&nbsp;Armida Báez-Saldaña,&nbsp;Ramón Alvarado,&nbsp;Beatriz Fuentes-Pardo,&nbsp;Edgar Flores-Soto,&nbsp;Héctor Solís-Chagoyán","doi":"10.1007/s10158-017-0199-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-017-0199-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melatonin (MEL) is a conserved molecule with respect to its synthesis pathway and functions. In crayfish, MEL content in eyestalks (Ey) increases at night under the photoperiod, and this indoleamine synchronizes the circadian rhythm of electroretinogram amplitude, which is expressed by retinas and controlled by the cerebroid ganglion (CG). The aim of this study was to determine whether MEL content in eyestalks and CG or circulating MEL in hemolymph (He) follows a circadian rhythm under a free-running condition; in addition, it was tested whether MEL might directly influence the spontaneous electrical activity of the CG. Crayfish were maintained under constant darkness and temperature, a condition suitable for studying the intrinsic properties of circadian systems. MEL was quantified in samples obtained from He, Ey, and CG by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the effect of exogenous MEL on CG spontaneous activity was evaluated by electrophysiological recording. Variation of MEL content in He, Ey, and CG followed a circadian rhythm that peaked at the same circadian time (CT). In addition, a single dose of MEL injected into the crayfish at different CTs reduced the level of spontaneous electrical activity in the CG. Results suggest that the circadian increase in MEL content directly affects the CG, reducing its spontaneous electrical activity, and that MEL might act as a periodical signal to reinforce the organization of the circadian system in crayfish.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"17 2","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-017-0199-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35024769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planarian homolog of puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase DjPsa is required for brain regeneration.","authors":"Suge Wu,&nbsp;Bin Liu,&nbsp;Zuoqing Yuan,&nbsp;Xiufang Zhang,&nbsp;Hong Liu,&nbsp;Qiuxiang Pang,&nbsp;Bosheng Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s10158-017-0196-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-017-0196-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (PSA) belongs to the M1 zinc metallopeptidase family. PSA is the most abundant aminopeptidase in the brain and plays a role in the metabolism of neuropeptides including those involved in neurodegeneration. A cDNA DjPsa was identified from the planarian Dugesia japonica cDNA library. It contains a 639-bp open reading frame corresponding to a deduced protein of 212 amino acids. Whole mount in situ hybridization revealed that DjPsa is expressed in the brain and ventral nerve cords of intact and regenerating animals and demonstrates a tissue and stage-specific expression pattern of DjPsa in developing embryos and larvae. Knocking down DjPsa gene expression with RNA interference during planarian regeneration inhibits the brain reformation completely. The results suggest that DjPsa is required for planarian brain regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"17 2","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-017-0196-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34840190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manganese tissue accumulation and tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining response in the Neotropical freshwater crab, Dilocarcinus pagei, exposed to manganese.","authors":"Silvia Ponzoni","doi":"10.1007/s10158-017-0198-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-017-0198-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal for the development and function of the mammalian brain; however, excess Mn accumulation may cause neurological abnormalities resembling Parkinson's disease due to reductions in brain dopamine levels. Because dopamine also regulates many functions in crustaceans, this study examined the effects of Mn accumulation in Dilocarcinus pagei, a Neotropical freshwater crab. Following a 72-h exposure to graded concentrations of MnCl₂, Mn accumulation was assessed in several tissues. Glycaemia and the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunostaining response were also examined as indicators of catecholaminergic function and catecholaminergic cell integrity, respectively. Tissue Mn accumulation was variable and occurred in the following order: gills > hepatopancreas > claw muscle > haemolymph. Exposure to 2 mM Mn reduced the gill levels of calcium, copper and iron, whereas Mn at all concentrations decreased zinc levels. All Mn-exposed animals showed lower copper levels in the hepatopancreas and haemolymph. Exposure to 2.0 mM Mn increased the haemolymph calcium. Mn exposure had no effect on glycaemia, whereas exposure to low Mn concentrations reduced the TH immunostaining response. Analysis of the central nervous system revealed the greatest Mn effect in the cerebral ganglion and the least effect in the abdominal ganglia. These results suggest the operation of an adaptive mechanism for tissue accumulation that could be responsible for the lack of an association between Mn concentrations and metal accumulation. The findings also suggest that Mn, calcium, iron and zinc share a transporter in gill cells and that Mn resistance is greater in the TH-positive cells of this crustacean than in mammalian cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"17 2","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-017-0198-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34950567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drosophila Dunc-115 mediates axon projection through actin binding","authors":"Christopher Roblodowski, Qi He","doi":"10.1007/s10158-017-0195-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-017-0195-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-017-0195-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48532481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence that polycystins are involved in Hydra cnidocyte discharge","authors":"Susan Mclaughlin","doi":"10.1007/s10158-016-0194-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-016-0194-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-016-0194-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45703264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cholinomimetic morantel as an open channel blocker of the Ascaris suum ACR-16 nAChR","authors":"M. Abongwa, Katherine E Baber, R. Martin, A. Robertson","doi":"10.1007/s10158-016-0193-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-016-0193-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-016-0193-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51963936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on regeneration of central nervous system and social ability of the earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae.","authors":"Nino Gopi Daisy,&nbsp;Elaiya Raja Subramanian,&nbsp;Jackson Durairaj Selvan Christyraj,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar Sudalai Mani,&nbsp;Johnson Retnaraj Samuel Selvan Christyraj,&nbsp;Kalidas Ramamoorthy,&nbsp;Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami,&nbsp;Sudhakar Sivasubramaniam","doi":"10.1007/s10158-016-0189-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-016-0189-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Earthworms are segmented invertebrates that belong to the phylum Annelida. The segments can be divided into the anterior, clitellar and posterior parts. If the anterior part of the earthworm, which includes the brain, is amputated, the worm would essentially survive even in the absence of the brain. In these brain amputee-derived worms, the nerve cord serves as the primary control center for neurological function. In this current work, we studied changes in the expression levels of anti-acetylated tubulin and serotonin as the indicators of neuro-regenerative processes. The data reveal that the blastemal tissues express the acetylated tubulin and serotonin from day four and that the worm amputated at the 7th segment takes 30 days to complete the regeneration of brain. The ability of self-assemblage is one of the specific functions of the earthworm's brain. The brain amputee restored the ability of self-assemblage on the eighth day.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"16 3","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-016-0189-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34452183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do the macrocyclic lactones kill filarial nematode larvae?","authors":"Adrian J Wolstenholme,&nbsp;Mary J Maclean,&nbsp;Ruby Coates,&nbsp;Ciaran J McCoy,&nbsp;Barbara J Reaves","doi":"10.1007/s10158-016-0190-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-016-0190-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The macrocyclic lactones (MLs) are one of the few classes of drug used in the control of the human filarial infections, onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis, and the only one used to prevent heartworm disease in dogs and cats. Despite their importance in preventing filarial diseases, the way in which the MLs work against these parasites is unclear. In vitro measurements of nematode motility have revealed a large discrepancy between the maximum plasma concentrations achieved after drug administration and the amounts required to paralyze worms. Recent evidence has shed new light on the likely functions of the ML target, glutamate-gated chloride channels, in filarial nematodes and supports the hypothesis that the rapid clearance of microfilariae that follows treatment involves the host immune system.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"16 3","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-016-0190-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34452184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monosaccharide profiling of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) nervous system during development and aging.","authors":"Seçkin Soya,&nbsp;Umut Şahar,&nbsp;Sabire Karaçalı","doi":"10.1007/s10158-016-0191-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-016-0191-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycoconjugates have various functions in differentiation, development, aging and in all aspects of normal functioning of organisms. The reason for increased research on this topic is that glycoconjugates locate mostly on the cell surface and play crucial biological roles in the nervous system including brain development, synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Considering their roles in the nervous system, information about their existence in the insect nervous system is rather sparse. Therefore, in order to detect monosaccharide content of N- and O-glycans, we carried out capLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis to determine the concentration changes of glucose, mannose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), fucose, xylose, arabinose, and ribose monosaccharides in the nervous system of Bombyx mori during development and aging processes. In addition to LC-MS, lectin blotting was done to detect quantitative changes in N- and O-glycans. Developmental stages were selected as 3rd (the youngest sample), 5th (young) larval instar, motionless prepupa (the oldest sample), and pupa (adult development). Derivatization of monosaccharides was performed with a solution of PMP agent and analyzed with capLC-ESI-MS/MS. For lectin blotting, determination of glycan types was carried out with Galanthus nivalis agglutinin and Peanut agglutinin lectins. In all stages, the most abundant monosaccharide was glucose. Although all monosaccharides were present most abundantly in the youngest stage (3rd instar), they are generally reduced gradually during the aging process. It was observed that amounts of monosaccharides increased again in the pupa stage. According to lectin blotting, N- and O-linked glycoproteins expressions were different and there were some specific glycoprotein expression differences between stages. These findings suggest that the glycosylation state of proteins in the nervous system changes during development and aging in insects in a similar fashion to that reported for vertebrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"16 3","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-016-0191-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34498865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytoplasmic localization of SBR (Dm NXF1) protein and its zonal distribution in the ganglia of Drosophila melanogaster larvae.","authors":"Anna O Yakimova,&nbsp;Olga M Pugacheva,&nbsp;Elena V Golubkova,&nbsp;Ludmila A Mamon","doi":"10.1007/s10158-016-0192-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-016-0192-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Drosophila gene Dm nxf1 (nuclear export factor 1) previously known as small bristles (sbr) controls nuclear export of various mRNA transcripts. We found that Dm NXF1 is present not only in nucleoplasm or at the nuclear rim but also in the cytoplasm. On the spatiotemporal level, anti-SBR antibodies labeled some neuroblasts and their lineages in the brains of Drosophila larvae. The number of Dm NXF1-rich lineages increased during larval development, but Dm NXF1 expression was not evident in all lineages. In all larval stages, Dm NXF1 concentrated in the midline cells of the ventral nerve cord, which reflects a specific status of those cells. In neurites, Dm NXF1 was present in the form of cytoplasmic granules, which is similar to the behavior of another RNA-binding protein, dFMR. Interestingly, though, the granule expression pattern of Dm NXF1 and dFMR did not always overlap, as some granules stained exclusively for one or the other protein. It suggests the existence of specific mRNA partners for Dm NXF1 in neurites.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"16 3","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-016-0192-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34645892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}