International Journal of STD & AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Secondary syphilis presenting with elevated CA19-9: A report of two cases.","authors":"Toshiya Nakashima, Hiroshi Ito, Koki Kikuchi","doi":"10.1177/09564624251348680","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624251348680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Syphilis is known for its diverse and often deceptive clinical manifestations, yet its potential to elevate tumor markers such as carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) remains underrecognized. We report two cases of secondary syphilis, each presenting with markedly elevated CA19-9 levels in the absence of malignancy. Both patients exhibited cholestatic liver enzyme elevations, and neither had structural abnormalities in the pancreaticobiliary system. In both cases, CA19-9 levels normalized following appropriate antibiotic treatment for syphilis. These cases suggest that systemic inflammation, hepatocellular injury with regenerative changes, and epithelial damage associated with syphilitic hepatitis may contribute to transient CA19-9 elevation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"744-746"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmission of gonorrhea from the oral cavity to the rectal tract: A systematic review.","authors":"Yuri Garcia Dutra Souza, Yan Rocha Neves, Valéria de Oliveira, Luiz Eduardo de Almeida, Mabel Miluska Suca Salas","doi":"10.1177/09564624251347457","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624251347457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and the high prevalence of asymptomatic extragenital infections are a worldwide concern. This research investigated whether gonorrhea can be transmitted from the oral cavity to the anorectal tract among men who have sex with men.<b>Purpose</b>The aim of this research is to find plausible relationships regarding the probability of gonococcal transmission from the oral cavity to the anorectal tract among MSM.<b>Research Design</b>A research question was defined using the P.I.C.O. strategy (population, intervention or exposure, comparison and outcome), where the target population is MSM, the intervention is exposure to contaminated oral cavity/saliva, the control is the absence of exposure, and the outcome is the acquisition of GC. The eligibility criteria included observational studies involving men who have sex with men, regardless of sexual orientation, aged 16 or older, screened for oropharyngeal and rectal gonorrhea, and examining the role of oral fluids in transmission. Studies involving partners previously diagnosed with urogenital gonorrhea or reporting consistent condom use during receptive penoanal sex were excluded to avoid urethral-to-anorectal transmission bias.<b>Study Sample</b>The databases employed were PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, SciELO, and the Virtual Health Library (VHL). A total of 383 studies were identified, however, only 6 were included.<b>Data Collection and/or Analysis</b>According to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), two studies were \"very good,\" two \"good,\" and two \"satisfactory\". Most studies described a complete methodology according to Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE).<b>Results</b>Differences in diagnostic methods, methodologies, and variables limited the findings. While the results do not confirm transmission from the oral cavity to the anorectal tract, they suggest its possibility. Further research is needed to better understand this transmission route.<b>Conclusions</b>Transmissibility of gonorrhea from oropharyngeal via to the anorectal tract cannot be totally establish. However, evidence suggested the existence of this gonorrhea transmission. The fact that men with rectal gonorrhea continue to appear, even in contexts of condom use or the absence of receptive penoanal sex, brings the importance of cases monitoring and the establishment of preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"688-699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis in a person living with HIV.","authors":"Meryem Soughi, Samira Rabhi, Mouna Guechchati, Zakia Douhi, Sara Elloudi, Hanane Baybay, Fatima Zahra Mernissi","doi":"10.1177/09564624251344435","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624251344435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leishmaniasis is a tropical disease caused by protozoa belonging to the group of <i>Leishmania</i> species. Visceral leishmaniasis, diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis, and atypical forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis are common in acquiring HIV. We report a case of atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in a person living with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"731-733"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of socioeconomic factors and apolipoprotein ε genotype on cognitive outcomes in a multi-ethnic sample living with HCV and HIV.","authors":"Shanna L Burke, Adrienne Grudzien, Tan Li, Stephanie Garcia, Sabrina Sales Martinez, Emily Jurich, Daniel R Jimenez, Jacqueline Hernández, Qingyun Liu, Tahirah A Tyrell, Natalie Goulett, Adriana L Campa, Zoran Bursac, Marianna K Baum","doi":"10.1177/09564624251324968","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624251324968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThis study examined associations between apolipoprotein (APOE) ε4 carrier status and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores and whether this relationship varied among adults living with HIV/HCV, HIV, HCV, or neither. We also examined whether sociodemographic factors moderated associations between APOE ε4 carrier status and MMSE scores.MethodsA secondary analysis of cognitive, psychological, and sociodemographic data from the Miami Adult Studies on HIV (MASH) cohort (<i>n</i> = 493) was completed. Banked blood samples underwent APOE genotyping. Bivariate analyses examined potential differences across participants by HIV and/or HCV statuses and by APOE ε4 carrier status. Multiple linear regression was conducted to test the adjusted moderation effect of each sociodemographic variable between APOE ε4 carrier status and MMSE scores within each group.ResultsSociodemographic factors, such as income, education, food insecurity, and employment influenced associations between APOE ε4 carrier status and MMSE scores among participants with HIV/HCV. Participants with APOE ε4 genotypes living with HCV had higher MMSE scores than non-APOE ε4 carriers.ConclusionThese results reinforce the need for future studies examining (1) the impact of APOE genotype on cognitive functioning while considering socioeconomic factors and (2) the influence of socioeconomic factors on cognitive scores among individuals living with HIV and or HCV.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"719-730"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follmann's balanitis: An heterogeneous clinical manifestation of primary syphilis.","authors":"Jorge Pérez Garcia, Patricia Álvarez-Lopez, Juliana Esperalba, Vicente Descalzo, Maider Arando","doi":"10.1177/09564624251338657","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624251338657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundSexually transmitted infections (STIs) rates have increased in the last two decades in Western world, including syphilis. Higher rates of syphilis lead to the emergence of atypical or less common manifestations like Follmann's balanitis. Follmann's balanitis is an atypical presentation of primary syphilis characterized as erythematous, erosive lesions on the glans penis.MethodsThe aim of the study is to describe the cases of the Follmann 's diagnosed in Vall d'Hebron-Drassanes STI Unit over 20 years (2003-2023). Retrospectively, the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological data were collected.ResultsIn total 20 cases of Follmann's balanitis were diagnosed. The clinical presentation was heterogeneous, with erosive balanitis being the most frequent presentation. Fifteen per cent had also a chancre and 50% presented with lymphadenopathy. Dark field microscopy and <i>Treponema pallidum</i> NAAT were positive in 41% and 92% respectively, and the median RPR titre was 1/4 (IQR 1/2-1/16).ConclusionsFollmann's balanitis is a rare presentation of primary syphilis which has to be suspected in case of erosive balanitis, especially in key populations as MSM or persons with previous STIs, where syphilis is more frequent.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"700-704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV in Syria: An urgent call for action amid a collapsed health system and widespread stigma.","authors":"Abdulkader Mohammad, Abdulmalek Aljafari, Ahmad Mohammad Al Zamel","doi":"10.1177/09564624251347418","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624251347418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"747-748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis and preterm birth in pregnant people living with HIV: A population-based cohort study.","authors":"Jeffrey Man Hay Wong, Gal Av-Gay, Terry Lee, Arezou Azampanah, Chelsea Elwood, Julie van Schalkwyk, Laura Sauvé, Deborah Money","doi":"10.1177/09564624251347458","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624251347458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundWhile individual sexually transmitted infections are linked with preterm births, their synergistic impact among pregnant people living with HIV (PLWH) remain unclear. We aimed to identify the impact of antenatal sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis on preterm birth in PLWH.MethodsWe completed a population-based cohort study using the British Columbia Perinatal HIV Surveillance Database, capturing all births in PLWH from January 1997 to December 2022. Univariate risk factors for preterm birth were identified using chi-squared tests, Fisher's exact tests and t-tests, followed by a multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf 578 singleton pregnancies, 111 (19.2%) had preterm births, of which 34 (31%) delivered before 34 weeks gestational age. In our population, 11% were identified with a sexually transmitted infection or bacterial vaginosis (STIBV) in pregnancy. The preterm birth rate in PLWH with antenatal STIBV was 37% compared to 17% in PLWH without STIBV (OR: 2.18; 95% CI (1.50 - 3.16); <i>p</i> = .0003). Preterm deliveries were more common in individuals with concurrent Hepatitis C (OR: 2.42; <i>p</i> < .0001), antenatal diagnosis of <i>Chlamydia</i> <i>trachomatis</i> (OR 2.17; <i>p</i> = .036), <i>Trichomonas</i> <i>vaginalis</i> (OR: 2.78; <i>p</i> < .001) and bacterial vaginosis (OR: 2.15; <i>p</i> = .003). After adjusting for ethnicity, history of preterm birth, substance use, concurrent Hepatitis C, CD4 count and viral suppression at delivery, STIBV remains an independent risk factor (OR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.04 - 4.19; <i>p</i> = .039).ConclusionAmong PLWH, antenatal screening for sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis can identify individuals at the highest risk of preterm birth.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"712-718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in a person living with HIV.","authors":"Nicolas Laverde-Sudupe, Angela Lizeth Giraldo-Serna, Mariana Vasquez-Amaya, Fabián Carrera-Patiño","doi":"10.1177/09564624251346029","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624251346029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leishmaniasis, the third most common parasitic infection in persons living with HIV, typically presents in cutaneous, mucocutaneous, or visceral forms. This case report describes a 24-year-old male with advanced HIV/AIDS (CD4+ count 3 cells/mm³) who presented with neurological deterioration due to cerebral toxoplasmosis. During hospitalization, he developed atypical genital ulcers and persistent pancytopenia. Bone marrow examination revealed amastigotes consistent with <i>Leishmania</i> spp., indicating concurrent visceral and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B followed by miltefosine resulted in clinical improvement of the genital ulcers. This case highlights the atypical presentation of leishmaniasis in a patient living with HIV, deviating from classic descriptions and underscoring the diagnostic challenges. The presence of <i>Leishmania</i> amastigotes in the bone marrow, coupled with unusual cutaneous manifestations, emphasizes the need for a high index of suspicion for opportunistic infections in patients living with HIV/AIDS with unexplained findings, even without a history of travel to endemic areas. Timely diagnosis through bone marrow examination and appropriate multi-drug therapy are crucial for managing such complex co-infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"734-737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vespasiano Gonzaga, founder of Sabbioneta, and his Renaissance disease.","authors":"Gianluca Nazzaro","doi":"10.1177/09564624251347419","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624251347419","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"749-751"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syphilitic proctitis mimicking ulcerative colitis in a person living with HIV.","authors":"Islam Rajab, Ayman Khaled, Hammam Jallad, Ahmad Nouri, Mohamed Elagami, Walid Baddoura, Qutayba Z Ayaseh","doi":"10.1177/09564624251363480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09564624251363480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Syphilitic proctitis is a rare presentation of syphilis that can mimic IBD, posing a diagnostic challenge, especially in immunocompromised patients. We report the case of a 28-year-old transgender woman with a past medical history of ulcerative colitis, HIV, and syphilis, initially misdiagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Sigmoidoscopy showed a rectal ulcer; histology and positive syphilis serologies confirmed syphilitic proctitis. This case highlights the need to consider infectious causes in atypical or treatment-resistant proctitis, emphasising the value of a thorough history and targeted testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"9564624251363480"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}