International Journal of STD & AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Accelerated initiation of antiretroviral therapy by virtual health in service members newly diagnosed with HIV infection.","authors":"Anatole Openshaw, Jason Okulicz, Joseph Yabes","doi":"10.1177/09564624241301467","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624241301467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Delays in HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been associated with HIV disease progression and forward transmission. We evaluated the effectiveness of an accelerated ART virtual protocol (VP) for active duty (AD) members with incident HIV diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Under the traditional protocol (TP), service members stationed worldwide were evaluated in-person at Brooke Army Medical Center (BAMC) and received comprehensive HIV care. In February 2020, a VP was adopted to initiate HIV care at the local base. Chart reviews were conducted to obtain patient demographics and clinical data. Continuous variables were compared using 2-tailed t tests, categorical variables were evaluated with Fisher's exact or Chi squared tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Time from HIV notification to ART initiation was significantly shorter with the VP compared to the TP (15 days vs 25 days; <i>p</i> = <0.05). The VP had a shorter time to viral suppression compared to the TP (96 days [SD ± 86] compared to 269 days [SD ± 300], <i>p</i> = <0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The VP was associated with a shorter time to HIV specialty evaluation, ART initiation, and viral suppression. The use of virtual health protocols for other time sensitive medical interventions and/or for access to limited specialties should be considered as these may improve quality of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"241-245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142768853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health services delivery factors affecting HIV retesting among pregnant women at 34 weeks gestation in Saboba District, Northern region, Ghana.","authors":"Williams Azumah Abanga, Desmond Klu, Maxwell Dery, Iddrisu Fusheini, Salifu Dwomoh, Chrysantus Kubio, Harry Kwami Tagbor","doi":"10.1177/09564624241303819","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624241303819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vertical transmission of HIV is a major global public health issue, particularly due to maternal HIV acquisition during pregnancy, challenges in enrolling pregnant women living with HIV into antiretroviral therapy programmes, and loss to follow-up. The factors influencing HIV retesting in pregnant women with an initial HIV-negative results are understudied. The study examined health service delivery factors affecting HIV retesting among pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in six health facilities in the Saboba District in 2023. Pregnant women who initially tested HIV-negative and were attending antenatal clinics at 34 weeks gestation or later were randomly selected. Data was analyzed using Stata version 15.0. Logistic regression was used to examined the health service factors affecting HIV retesting at a 0.05 significant level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 445 pregnant women initially HIV-negative, only 21.1% were retested at 34 weeks gestation. Pregnant women receiving antenatal care at health centers were less likely to be retested [aOR = 0.34; CI: 0.14-0.84], while those who spent less time during ANC were more likely to retest [aOR = 2.58; CI: 1.33-5.01].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Improvement in HIV retesting requires reproductive health units to develop strategies to enhance coverage and reduce waiting times at health centers could encourage more pregnant women to retest for HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"212-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DOXY do, or DOXY Don't? Syphilis and doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis: A case report.","authors":"Omar Chircop, Courtney Jaggers, Martha Spiteri, Aaron Schembri, Valeska Padovese","doi":"10.1177/09564624241308026","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624241308026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The resurgence of syphilis across Europe has led to a growing number of atypical cases, often characterised by varied symptoms that can delay diagnosis. We report the case of a young man who has sex with men (MSM), presenting with persistent headaches and swelling of the forehead suggestive of giant cell arteritis (GCA). Despite a recent negative syphilis test, further investigations confirmed the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. The patient had been using doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (DoxyPEP), which is suspected to have delayed the diagnosis by masking the typical antibody response. This case highlights concerns about DoxyPEP's impact on syphilis detection and disease progression. Further research is warranted to explore its effects on antimicrobial resistance, the human microbiome, and clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"324-326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stop classifying <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> as an obligate pathogen in men who have sex with men: A viewpoint.","authors":"Thibaut Vanbaelen, Sheeba Santhini Manoharan-Basil, Chris Kenyon","doi":"10.1177/09564624241306600","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624241306600","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"337-340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the sources of efficacy dilution in a trial of a monthly dapivirine vaginal ring for HIV-1 prevention.","authors":"Kathryn Peebles, Laura Matrajt, Jared M Baeten, Thesla Palanee-Phillips, Elizabeth R Brown","doi":"10.1177/09564624241300199","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624241300199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Women-initiated HIV - 1 prevention products are key to reducing women's HIV-1 risk. Clinical trials of vaginal microbicides have shown limited to no efficacy in intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses. It is hypothesized that these negative results are partly due to efficacy dilution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a microsimulation model of MTN-020/ASPIRE, a phase 3 trial that evaluated monthly use of a dapivirine vaginal ring for HIV-1 prevention. We evaluated four sources of efficacy dilution: trial-level factors: (i) an imbalance in the number of monthly sex acts between study arms and (ii) heterogeneity in risk emergent over time; and individual-level factors: (iii) product non-adherence and (iv) receptive anal intercourse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Assuming 70% per-vaginal exposure efficacy (consistent with the ITT estimate of 27%), heterogeneity in risk accounted for the largest proportion of efficacy dilution, at 42% (90% CrI: 38, 45), followed by non-adherence (33%; 90% CrI: 27, 39), an imbalance in arms (18%; 90% CrI: 16, 21) and lastly, anal intercourse with less than 10% of efficacy dilution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that heterogeneity in risk was the most important source of efficacy dilution in the ASPIRE trial. Future trials of HIV-1 prevention products for women should consider alternative trial designs and analytic approaches that minimize bias introduced by heterogeneity in risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"195-204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retention in care among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a low-resource setting.","authors":"Ahmed Cordie, Rahma Mohamed, Ammar Hatem, Mahmoud Essam, Shaker Wagih Shaltout, Naeema El Garhy, Lamiaa Al Sehemy, Mirella Sherif, Reham Awad Awad, Mariam Ismail Abdelraouf, Aya M Al-Sharif, Ahmed Ramadan, Sahar Hassany, Engy El Khateeb, Amal M Sayed, Zainab Wafik Zakaria Masoud, Rania Soliman Hamza, Hend Hamed Tamim, Mona Salah Eldin Hamdy, Gamal Esmat, Haidi Karam-Allah Ramadan","doi":"10.1177/09564624241306152","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624241306152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the retention in care among a cohort of Egyptian people living with HIV (PLWHIV).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study was conducted on PLWHIV attending Kasr Alainy HIV and Viral Hepatitis Centre, Cairo, Egypt, from January 1, 2019, to March 31, 2023. PLWHIV were considered not retained in care if there was no documented clinical visit or HIV viral load (VL) or CD4 count test for more than 6 months from their last recorded visit or test. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to test factors associated with retention in care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After excluding those who died and were referred, 369 PLWHIV were included in the analysis, and retention in care was observed in 325 (88%). The majority were males (81.8%) with a median age of 34 [29-41] years. Undetectable VL (OR: 3.555; 95% CI: 1.49-8.47), hepatitis B vaccination (OR: 2.835; 95% CI: 1.07-7.48), CD4 test availability (OR: 2.604; 95% CI: 1.02-6.64), receiving dolutegravir based antiretroviral therapy (OR: 2.429; 95% CI: 1.06-5.537), and longer duration of know HIV infection (OR: 1.025; 95% CI: 1.01- 1.04) were correlated with retention in care. Surprisingly, higher education levels were negatively correlated with retention in care (OR: 0.195, 95%: CI: 0.071-0.533), suggesting the need for further research to explore this relationship.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results are invaluable for developing targeted interventions and informing health policies to improve retention in HIV care in Egypt. Enhancing access to VL and CD4 testing, promoting VL suppression, and focusing on specific groups at risk of dropping out of care are essential strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"275-282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genital-oral transmission of <i>Candida lusitaniae</i>.","authors":"Stefano Veraldi, Paolo Bortoluzzi, Francesca Germiniasi, Anna Grancini","doi":"10.1177/09564624241296582","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624241296582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida lusitaniae</i> is a vaginal commensal. Cases of vaginitis, vulvovaginitis and recurrent vulvovaginitis caused by this yeast are very rare. In the oral cavity, <i>C. lusitaniae</i> causes stomatitis in immunocompromised patients. We describe a case of stomatitis and angular cheilitis caused by <i>C. lusitaniae</i> in a female patient with type 2 diabetes. The infection was most likely transmitted following genital-oral intercourse with the patient's girlfriend, who was affected by <i>C. lusitaniae</i> vulvovaginitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"158-160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV retesting among people living with HIV in Lesotho in 2022.","authors":"Spencer D Pogue, Suzue Saito, Mphotleng Tlhomola, Christine A West, Fred Asiimwe, Puleng Ramphalla, Eugenie Poirot, Claire Steiner, Abigail R Greenleaf","doi":"10.1177/09564624241289984","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624241289984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite widespread HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa, regular testing among at-risk populations is crucial for effective prevention. However, reports increasingly indicate retesting among people living with HIV (PLHIV), a group that would not require additional testing since they would already have received a confirmed diagnosis. We describe the demographic characteristics of PLHIV retesters in Lesotho, report the average number of HIV tests post-diagnosis among PLHIV, and share motivations for retesting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In August 2022, a nationally representative cohort in Lesotho participated in a cell phone survey about their HIV status and testing history. Study participants were recruited from a face-to-face survey conducted in 2020, Lesotho Population Based HIV Impact Assessment survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1523 participants called, 1111 participants responded (72.9%) and 266 reported living with HIV. We found 18.8% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) reported retesting at least once for HIV, and 58% of PLHIV who reported retesting were likely or very likely to retest for HIV in the coming year. The main reason PLHIV reported retesting was because a health care worker offered the test (61.7%) followed by self-initiated testing to confirm their status (29.1%). Among male PLHIV who had a history of retesting, 92.0% were very likely or likely to retest, compared to only 30.6% of female PLHIV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found almost a fifth of PLHIV in Lesotho reported a history of retesting for HIV, and 58% of PLHIV were likely or very likely to retest for HIV in the coming year. Educating providers and men living with HIV could reduce retesting among PLHIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"114-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic Health interventions for HIV in Pakistan: Is it the only way out?","authors":"Muhammad Atique, Muhammad Abbas Abid","doi":"10.1177/09564624241299570","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624241299570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"170-171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV risk perception and PrEP uptake among black MSM in Mississippi.","authors":"Fei Teng, Paul Burns, Michael Welsch, Weiming Tang, Benjamin Walker","doi":"10.1177/09564624241297830","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624241297830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Rates for HIV are disproportionately higher for Black men who have sex with men (MSM) compared to other MSM in the U.S. While there is evidence that low perceived risk of HIV infection may increase HIV vulnerability, few studies have examined this relationship among Black MSM in the Southern U.S. where the HIV rates are the highest in the country. This study examined the association between perceived HIV risk and PrEP adoption among Black MSM in a medium-size city in Mississippi.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were drawn from a subsample of the \"ACCELERATE!\" intervention, an innovative and sustainable community-driven project to improve health outcomes among Black MSM. The outcome of interest was PrEP uptake, a binary variable derived from responses to the question \"Have you taken PrEP in the last year?\". The perceived risk of HIV, an independent variable, is measured by self-report of an individual's assessment of their vulnerability of contracting HIV defined as low versus high risk. Covariates included age and socio-environmental factors (health insurance, incarceration and discrimination) Sample characteristics were provided using means and standard deviations for continuous variables and proportions for categorical variables. Exact logistic regression was used to assess the association between perceived HIV risk and PrEP adoption, adjusting for covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 84 HIV negative Black men with a median age of 30 (min = 18, max = 69) years were available for analyses. Approximately 16% of participants reported experiencing incarceration and 57% reported experiencing discrimination. Seven out of ten respondents reported having low perceived risk, and 28.6% (24/84) reported having high perceived risk for HIV. There were 73 participants (86.9%) who reported PrEP use in the last year. We observed a higher proportion of participants with high perceived risk that reported lower uptake of PrEP. After adjusting for age, socioeconomic variables, and risky sexual behaviors, higher levels of perceived risk of HIV were associated with decreased odds of PrEP uptake (OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.04-0.94, <i>p</i> = 0.040).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The role of HIV risk perception on PrEP adoption is complex among Black MSM in Mississippi. Higher levels of perceived risk of HIV were associated with lower odds of PrEP adoption among Black MSM. This inverse relationship between HIV risk perception and PrEP adoption suggests social- and structural- factors play a critical role in decision-making on PrEP initiation among Black MSM in Jackson. In addition, further longitudinal studies are needed to understand the complex interactions between perceived risk and PrEP use.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"119-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}