International journal of surgery最新文献

{"title":"Focus on mechano-immunology: new direction in cancer treatment.","authors":"Lin Zhao, Yajun Gui, Xiangying Deng","doi":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JS9.0000000000002224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immune response is modulated by a diverse array of signals within the tissue microenvironment, encompassing biochemical factors, mechanical forces, and pressures from adjacent tissues. Furthermore, the extracellular matrix and its constituents significantly influence the function of immune cells. In the case of carcinogenesis, changes in the biophysical properties of tissues can impact the mechanical signals received by immune cells, and these signals c1an be translated into biochemical signals through mechano-transduction pathways. These mechano-transduction pathways have a profound impact on cellular functions, influencing processes such as cell activation, metabolism, proliferation, and migration, etc. Tissue mechanics may undergo temporal changes during the process of carcinogenesis, offering the potential for novel dynamic levels of immune regulation. Here, we review advances in mechanoimmunology in malignancy studies, focusing on how mechanosignals modulate the behaviors of immune cells at the tissue level, thereby triggering an immune response that ultimately influences the development and progression of malignant tumors. Additionally, we have also focused on the development of mechano-immunoengineering systems, with the help of which could help to further understand the response of tumor cells or immune cells to alterations in the microenvironment and may provide new research directions for overcoming immunotherapeutic resistance of malignant tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":14401,"journal":{"name":"International journal of surgery","volume":"111 3","pages":"2590-2602"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ChatGPT's role in alleviating anxiety in total knee arthroplasty consent process: a randomized controlled trial pilot study.","authors":"Wenyi Gan, Jianfeng Ouyang, Guorong She, Zhaowen Xue, Lingxuan Zhu, Anqi Lin, Weiming Mou, Aimin Jiang, Chang Qi, Quan Cheng, Peng Luo, Hua Li, Xiaofei Zheng","doi":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002223","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) like ChatGPT have expanded possibilities for patient education, yet its impact on perioperative anxiety in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients remains unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-blind, randomized controlled pilot study from April to July 2023, 60 patients were randomly allocated using sealed envelopes to either ChatGPT-assisted or traditional surgeon-led informed consent groups. In the ChatGPT group, physicians used ChatGPT 4.0 to provide standardized, comprehensive responses to patient queries during the consent process, while maintaining their role in interpreting and contextualizing the information. Outcomes were measured using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS), Perioperative Apprehension Scale-7 (PAS-7), Visual Analogue Scales for Anxiety and Pain (VAS-A, VAS-P), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and satisfaction questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 55 patients completing the study, the ChatGPT group showed significantly lower anxiety scores after informed consent (HADS-A: 10.48 ± 3.84 vs 12.75 ± 4.12, P = .04, Power = .67; PAS-7: 12.44 ± 3.70 vs 14.64 ± 2.11, P = .01, Power = .85; VAS-A: 5.40 ± 1.89 vs 6.71 ± 2.27, P = .02, Power = .75) and on the fifth postoperative day (HADS-A: 8.33 ± 3.20 vs 10.71 ± 3.83, P = .01, Power = .79; VAS-A: 3.41 ± 1.58 vs 4.64 ± 1.70, P = .008, Power = .85). The ChatGPT group also reported higher satisfaction with preoperative education (4.22 ± 0.51 vs 3.43 ± 0.84, P <.001, Power = .99) and overall hospitalization experience (4.11 ± 0.65 vs 3.46 ± 0.69, P = .001, Power = .97). No significant differences were found in depression scores, knee function, or pain levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ChatGPT-assisted informed consent effectively reduced perioperative anxiety and improved patient satisfaction in TKA patients. While these preliminary findings are promising, larger studies are needed to validate these results and explore broader applications of AI in preoperative patient education.</p>","PeriodicalId":14401,"journal":{"name":"International journal of surgery","volume":" ","pages":"2546-2557"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iatrogenic nerve injury following pelvic ring injury: a network meta-analysis.","authors":"Yu-Cheng Su, Yung-Heng Hsu, Ying-Chao Chou, I-Jung Chen, Chih-Yang Lai, Yi-Hsun Yu","doi":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002272","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pelvic ring injuries are common in multi-trauma patients and can be life-threatening, necessitating prompt surgical intervention to improve outcomes. However, surgery can lead to complications such as iatrogenic nerve injury. This network meta-analysis aimed to improve outcomes in multi-trauma patients with pelvic ring injuries by evaluating the incidence of iatrogenic nerve injuries, identifying vulnerable nerves, and comparing different fixation methods.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus from inception to 5 December 2023 revealed 29 comparative studies on the incidence of iatrogenic nerve injury in 1561 adult patients with pelvic ring injuries. Data were extracted on study and patient characteristics, iatrogenic nerve injury incidences, and specific nerve injuries. A random-effects model assessed treatment effects, with subgroup analysis and meta-regression. The main outcomes included odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for iatrogenic nerve injuries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with closed reduction internal fixation, robotic-assisted techniques had the highest, and open reduction internal fixation had the lowest ORs for iatrogenic nerve injuries. The robotic-assisted approach ranked best with an OR of 0.22 (95% CI: 0.02-2.16), while closed reduction internal fixation with the anterior approach (OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.21-2.48) and open reduction internal fixation with the anterior approach performed the worst. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve was injured in all open reduction internal fixation with anterior approach procedures and in 66.7% of open reduction internal fixation with posterior approach procedures. Meta-regression showed a significantly lower OR for iatrogenic nerve injuries in patients aged >41.4 years in the open reduction internal fixation with the anterior approach group (OR: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.001-0.63; P  = 0.026) compared with younger patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The robotic-assisted technique may result in the fewest iatrogenic nerve injuries during the treatment of pelvic ring injuries. The posterior approach may also reduce the risk of iatrogenic nerve injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":14401,"journal":{"name":"International journal of surgery","volume":" ","pages":"2697-2707"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy rescued mouse critical limb ischemia via upregulating GPR120 against inflammation and promoting angiogenesis for restoring the blood flow in ischemic zone-experimental study.","authors":"Pei-Hsun Sung, Jui-Ning Yeh, Tsung-Cheng Yin, Han-Tan Chai, John Y Chiang, Chi-Ruei Huang, Yi-Ling Chen, Mel S Lee, Hon-Kan Yip","doi":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002243","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study tested the hypothesis that extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ECSWT) effectively rescues critical limb ischemia (CLI) in mice through the upregulation of GPR120, which protects against inflammation and angiogenesis to restore blood flow in the ischemic area.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Compared with the control, ECSWT-induced GPR120-mediated anti-inflammatory effects significantly suppressed the expression of inflammatory signaling biomarkers (TAK1/MAPK family/NF-κB/IL-1β/IL-6/TNF-α/MCP-1) in HUVECs, and these effects were abolished by silencing GPR120 or by the GPR120 antagonist AH7614 (all P < 0.001). C57BL/6 mice ( n = 40) were equally categorized into Groups 1 (sham-operated control), 2 (CLI), 3 (CLI + ECSWT), and 4 (CLI + ECSWT + AH7614). By Days 7, 14, and 28 just prior to harvesting the quadriceps muscle, the laser Doppler results showed that the ratio of ischemia to normal blood flow (INBF) in the CLI area was highest in Group 1, lowest in Group 2, and significantly greater in Group 3 than in Group 4 (all P < 0.0001). Endothelial cell markers (CD31/vWF) and GPR120 + cells exhibited identical patterns of INBF among the groups, whereas angiogenesis biomarkers (CXCR4/SDF-1/VEGF/VEGFR2) were significantly and progressively upregulated from Groups 1 to 4 (all P < 0.0001). The protein levels of inflammation (MMP-9, IL-6, and TNF-α) and oxidative stress (NOX-1 and NOX-2) and the cellular levels of inflammation (CD68+)/DNA damage (γ-H2AX+) displayed opposite patterns, whereas the small vessel density in the CLI area displayed an identical pattern of INBF among the groups (all P < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ECSWT rescued CLI by increasing GPR120-mediated suppression of inflammation and enhancing angiogenesis via activation of VEGFR2.</p>","PeriodicalId":14401,"journal":{"name":"International journal of surgery","volume":" ","pages":"2414-2429"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global trends in surgically based treatment of anal fistula in Crohn's disease: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.","authors":"Xingtao Jin, Ye Han, Min Yang, Qianqian Ye, Qingming Wang, De Zheng, Zubing Mei","doi":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002238","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, recurrent gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a complex etiology. Among its perianal complications, anal fistulas represent a challenging comorbidity. With the increase of surgical options, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis was deemed necessary to consolidate the vast array of research in this field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We extracted 1608 articles spanning from 1 January 1994, to 1 May 2024, from the Web of Science Core Collection. Using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Scimago Graphica for visual analytics, we synthesized key trends across multiple bibliometric indicators, encompassing geographic and institutional contributions, individual authorship, journal prominence, citation metrics, and thematic prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the delineated corpus, we identified publications from 325 countries and 5110 research institutions, with the US and UK at the forefront of publication volume and academic impact. The data indicated a leading role for institutions like the Cleveland Clinic and Imperial College London. \"Diseases of the Colon and Rectum\" emerged as a central journal due to its high publication and citation frequency. Distinctly, the analysis uncovered trending keywords, signifying the field's prioritization on surgical intervention, biologic therapy, imaging modalities, and emerging biological treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings elucidate a trajectory toward prominent advancements in CD fistula research. This analysis underscores the field's shift towards integrative treatment strategies, spotlighting the pressing need for comprehensive comparative studies of surgical approaches. It underscores the imperative for robust clinical trials to standardize treatments and extend care to a broader CD patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14401,"journal":{"name":"International journal of surgery","volume":" ","pages":"2578-2589"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of lung function on macro- and micro-structural brain changes in mid- and late-life.","authors":"Jiao Wang, Weige Xu, Abigail Dove, Alireza Salami, Wenzhe Yang, Xiangyu Ma, David A Bennett, Weili Xu","doi":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002228","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lung function has been associated with cognitive decline and dementia, but the extent to which lung function impacts brain structural changes remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of lung function with structural macro- and micro-brain changes across mid- and late-life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included a total of 37 164 neurologic disorder-free participants aged 40-70 years from the UK Biobank, who underwent brain MRI scans 9 years after baseline. After 2.5 years, a subsample (n = 3895) underwent a second MRI scan. Lung function was assessed using a composite score based on forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced vital capacity, and peak expiratory flow, and divided into tertiles (i.e., low, moderate, and high). Structural brain volumes (including total brain, gray matter, white matter, hippocampus, and white matter hyperintensities) and diffusion markers (fractional anisotropy [FA] and mean diffusivity [MD]) were assessed. Data were analyzed using linear regression and mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to high lung function, low lung function was associated with smaller total brain, gray matter, white matter, and hippocampal volume, as well as lower white matter integrity. Over the 2.5-year follow-up, low lung function was associated with reduced white matter and hippocampal volume, reduced FA, and increased white matter hyperintensity volume and MD. After stratification by age, the associations remained significant among adults aged 40-60 years and 60+ years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low lung function is associated with macro- and micro-structural brain changes involving both neurodegenerative and vascular pathologies. This association is significant in both mid- and late-life.</p>","PeriodicalId":14401,"journal":{"name":"International journal of surgery","volume":" ","pages":"2467-2477"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development and evaluation of nine obesity-based indices for gallstones in U.S. adults.","authors":"Xiaodong Wu, Yanhong Song, Shuodong Wu","doi":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002237","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Gallstones have gradually become a highly prevalent digestive disease worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the association of nine different obesity-related indicators (BRI, RFM, BMI, WC, LAP, CMI, VAI, AIP, TyG) with gallstones and to compare their predictive properties for screening gallstones.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for this study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the 2017-2020 cycle, and weighted logistic regression analyses with multi-model adjustment were conducted to explore the association of the nine indicators with gallstones. Subject working curves were analyzed to assess the screening ability of the nine indicators. In addition, the association between the most predictive indicator and gallstones was investigated with smooth curve fitting, and differences in risk across populations were explored with subgroup analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 3654 participants were involved in the final analysis and 383 (10.48%) carried gallstones. The results of weighted multifactorial logistic regression analysis indicated that BRI, RFM, BMI, WC, LAP, and CMI were independent risk factors for gallstones. The ORs for the highest quartile were 4.13 for RFM, 3.13 for BRI, 2.85 for BMI, 2.86 for WC, 2.45 for LAP, and 1.49 for CMI. The area under the ROC curve for RFM was 0.70. The Delong test compared the performance of different ROCs and revealed that the difference between the area under the curve of RFM and the other metrics was significant ( P < 0.05). Smooth curve fitting suggested a linear positive correlation between RFM and gallstones (LLR > 0.05), especially in women, non-Hispanic White, insufficient physical activity, hypertensive, and diabetic populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RFM, BRI, BMI, WC, LAP, and CMI were essential indicators for recognizing gallstones. By comparison, we realized that RFM was a better predictor of gallstones.</p>","PeriodicalId":14401,"journal":{"name":"International journal of surgery","volume":" ","pages":"2348-2357"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-enhanced abbreviated MRI as a periodic surveillance protocol for colorectal liver metastases compared with contrast-enhanced CT: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Jingjing Liu, Lechi Ye, Gengyun Miao, Shengxiang Rao, Mengsu Zeng, Liheng Liu","doi":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002252","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adopting an appropriate noninvasive radiological method is crucial for periodic surveillance of liver metastases in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients after surgery, which is closely related to clinical management and prognosis. This study aimed to prospectively enroll stage II-III CRC patients for the surveillance of liver metastases and compare the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) and non-enhanced abbreviated MRI (NE-AMRI) during this process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>587 CRC patients undergoing radical resection of the primary tumor were evaluated by 1 to 3 rounds of surveillance tests, consisting of abdominal CE-CT and contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) within 7 days at 6-month intervals. Subsequently, images of NE-AMRI were extracted from the CE-MRI examination, and paired CE-CT and NE-AMRI analysis were performed. The lesion-based detection rates between two protocols were compared, and a subgroup analysis was performed in lesions with a size of ≤10 mm. The patient-based sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, and the areas under the curves (AUCs) of CE-CT and NE-AMRI in each round were evaluated. Finally, the relationship between the diagnostic accuracy of two protocols and characteristics of patients was explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lesion-based detection rates of NE-AMRI in three rounds were all significantly higher than those of CE-CT ( P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.003, respectively). In the subgroup analysis of lesions ≤ 10 mm, NE-AMRI also performed better than CE-CT ( P < 0.001, P = 0.002, P = 0.005, respectively). The patient-based sensitivities, specificities, NPVs, and PPVs of NE-AMRI were higher than those of CE-CT in three rounds of surveillance. The AUCs for NE-AMRI were all significantly better than those for CE-CT in each round ( P = 0.015, P = 0.045, P = 0.009, respectively). Furthermore, patient BMI and fatty liver disease had impacts on the diagnostic accuracy of the CE-CT protocol, but not on the NE-AMRI protocol.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NE-AMRI may be a promising periodic surveillance tool for CRC patients after surgery to increase diagnostic accuracy of liver metastases, developing personalized clinical management and improving prognosis, simultaneously avoiding side effects associated with ionizing radiation and contrast agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":14401,"journal":{"name":"International journal of surgery","volume":" ","pages":"2495-2504"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143058884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophil membrane-engineered Panax ginseng root-derived exosomes loaded miRNA 182-5p targets NOX4/Drp-1/NLRP3 signal pathway to alleviate acute lung injury in sepsis: experimental studies: Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JS9.0000000000002337","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14401,"journal":{"name":"International journal of surgery","volume":"111 3","pages":"2765"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-driven evidence synthesis: data extraction of randomized controlled trials with large language models.","authors":"Jiayi Liu, Honghao Lai, Weilong Zhao, Jiajie Huang, Danni Xia, Hui Liu, Xufei Luo, Bingyi Wang, Bei Pan, Liangying Hou, Yaolong Chen, Long Ge","doi":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002215","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JS9.0000000000002215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advancement of large language models (LLMs) presents promising opportunities to enhance evidence synthesis efficiency, particularly in data extraction processes, yet existing prompts for data extraction remain limited, focusing primarily on commonly used items without accommodating diverse extraction needs. This research letter developed structured prompts for LLMs and evaluated their feasibility in extracting data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Using Claude (Claude-2) as the platform, we designed comprehensive structured prompts comprising 58 items across six Cochrane Handbook domains and tested them on 10 randomly selected RCTs from published Cochrane reviews. The results demonstrated high accuracy with an overall correct rate of 94.77% (95% CI: 93.66% to 95.73%), with domain-specific performance ranging from 77.97% to 100%. The extraction process proved efficient, requiring only 88 seconds per RCT. These findings substantiate the feasibility and potential value of LLMs in evidence synthesis when guided by structured prompts, marking a significant advancement in systematic review methodology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14401,"journal":{"name":"International journal of surgery","volume":" ","pages":"2722-2726"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}