MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)最新文献

{"title":"DINAMIKA ELEKTORAL YANG MEMPENGARUHI MASYARAKAT DUSUN KIMARAGANG DI DUN TANDEK DALAM PILIHAN RAYA DUN SABAH PADA ERA UNITED SABAH NATIONAL ORGANISATION (USNO) DAN PARTI BERSATU RAKYAT JELATA SABAH (BERJAYA): 1967 – 1982","authors":"Manual Damilan, L. Meng, Maureen De Silva","doi":"10.51200/manu.v0i0.1317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v0i0.1317","url":null,"abstract":"Artikel ini membincangkan dinamika elektoral yang mempengaruhi gelombang sentimen dan pilihan politik masyarakat Dusun Kimaragang semasa Pilihan Raya DUN Sabah 1967 hingga 1982, iaitu semasa era pentadbiran United Sabah National Organisation (USNO) dan Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah (BERJAYA). Ramai penulis dan pengkaji mendakwa bahawa senario politik Malaysia khususnya di Sabah sejak dahulu adalah berasaskan dinamika primordial, iaitu sentimen kuat yang tidak dapat dielakkan dan berkait dengan persamaan ciri sosial manusia seperti agama, etnik, puak, bahasa, kekeluargaan dan sebagainya (Loh, 2009; xii). Senario ini telah menyebabkan kebanyakan parti politik cenderung meletakkan calon yang memiliki banyak persamaan dari segi etnik dan agama dengan pengundi di satu-satu kawasan. Walaupun begitu, kemenangan calon bukan Kimaragang (Pilihan Raya 1967 dan 1981) dan kemenangan calon beragama Islam pada tahun 1971 dan 1982 di kawasan Tandek membuktikan bahawa dinamika primordial bukanlah satu-satunya dinamika yang mempengaruhi sentimen dan keputusan politik masyarakat Dusun Kimaragang. Sebaliknya, terdapat juga dinamika-dinamika lain yang turut terlibat. Justeru, berpandukan kepada pendekatan kualitatif, kajian akan melihat sejauhmana dinamika primordial mempengaruhi sentimen politik masyarakat Dusun Kimaragang di kawasan DUN Tandek dari tahun1967 hingga 1982. \u0000Kata kunci: Dinamika elektoral, Pilihan Raya DUN Sabah, DUN Tandek, sejarah politik Sabah, masyarakat Dusun Kimaragang, Kota Marudu. \u0000This article discusses the electoral dynamics affecting the popular groundswell and political choice of the Kimaragang Dusun community in Sabah State Assembly elections from 1967 to 1982, notably during the era of the United Sabah National Organisation (USNO) and Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah (BERJAYA) administration. Many writers and researchers claim that Malaysia’s political scenario especially in Sabah has been primarily driven by primordial dynamics which refers to strong sentiments related to human social characteristics such as religion, ethnicity, language, family, and so on (Loh, 2009, p. xii) . This scenario has created a tendency among many political parties to place candidates who share common ethnic and religious attributes with the majority of voters in one area. However, the victory of non-Kimaragang candidates (1967 and 1981 State Election) as well as Muslim candidates in 1971 and 1982 in the predominantly Dusun Kimaragang area of Tandek proved that primordial sentiments were not the only electoral dynamic affecting the popular groundswell and political decisions of the Kimaragang Dusun community as there were also other dynamics involved. Hence, based on a qualitative approach, the study seeks to analyse the extent to which primordial dynamics influenced the political sentiments of the Kimaragang Dusun community in the Tandek state constituency from 1967 to 1982. \u0000Keywords: Electoral dynamics, Sabah State Assembly election, Tandek State Co","PeriodicalId":143963,"journal":{"name":"MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124554479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ELEMEN TEATER DALAM RITUAL PAG PASAHAYA BAIHU’ ETNIK SULUK DAERAH KUDAT, SABAH","authors":"Mashor Bin Awang Long, S. Zainal, Susan Chee Cheang Sim","doi":"10.51200/manu.v0i0.1310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v0i0.1310","url":null,"abstract":"Makalah ini memfokuskan pada ritual Pag Pasahaya Baihu’ atau lebih dikenali sebagai ritual kecantikan. Ritual ini dikaitkan dengan unsur-unsur spiritual dan ghaib. Seperti upacara lain, pelaksanaan ritual ini perlu menempuhi proses-proses tertentu. Pengkaji telah menganalisis elemen-elemen teater dalam ritual Pag Pasahaya Baihu’ dengan membahagikannya kepada tujuh bahagian utama, iaitu (1) Pelakon/pelaku (2) Waktu dan fungsi (3) Tempat dan ruang (4) Struktur plot (5) Prop (6) Bahasa (lisan dan bukan lisan), dan (7) Watak dan perwatakan. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji elemen-elemen teater yang terkandung dalam ritual Pag Pasahaya Baihu’ dalam etnik Suluk di Kudat, Sabah. Penyelidikan ini telah dijalankan di beberapa lokasi terpilih di sekitar Kudat. Kajian mendapati terdapat elemen-elemen teater yang terkandung dalam ritual tersebut. Dengan wujudnya elemen-elemen teater dalam ritual ini, ianya akan memberikan definisi dan konteks baharu kepada ritual Pag Pasahaya Baihu’. Secara tidak langsung akan menyumbang kepada nilai kesenian dalam peradaban etnik Suluk itu sendiri. \u0000Kata kunci: Pag Pasahaya Baihu’, teater, ritual, etnik Suluk. \u0000This paper focuses on the rituals of Pag Pasahaya Baihu’ which is also known as a beauty ritual. The ritual is associated with spiritual and supernatural elements. As in the case of other ritual ceremonies, it is necessary for the implementation of Pag Pasahaya Baihu’ to undergo certain processes. The researcher analyzed the elements of theatre in Pag Pasahaya Baihu by dividing it into seven main sections namely (1) actors (2) time and function, (3) place and space, (4) plot structure, (5) props, (6) language (verbal and non-verbal), and (7) character and characterization. This paper examines the elements of theatre in the Pag Pasahaya Baihu’ ritual of the Suluk ethnic community in Kudat, Sabah. Fieldwork in selected was conducted locations around Kudat. The study found the theatre elements in the rituals provide a new definition and context to Pag Pasahaya Baihu’ and indirectly contribute to the artistic value of the Suluk ethnic civilization itself. \u0000Keywords: Pag Pasahaya Baihu’, theatre, ritual, Suluk ethnic.","PeriodicalId":143963,"journal":{"name":"MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115384310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Looking East Again? Malaysia-Japan Relations in the 21st Century","authors":"Yew Meng Lai","doi":"10.51200/manu.v0i0.1057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v0i0.1057","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the trends and developments in Malaysia-Japan relations since its inception in 1957. It begins with a brief historical overview of their bilateral interactions, followed by a scrutiny of the developments and shifting trends, from the early decade of the establishment of official diplomatic relations between independent Malaya and Japan that coincided with the Cold War to the introduction of Malaysia’s Look East Policy (LEP) in the early 1980’s that saw Malaysia-Japan ties taking-off to new and unprecedented heights. In doing so, the article reveals the major impetuses/drivers of their ‘special relationship’, which among others include complementarities in their national economies, perceived sociocultural affinities underpinned by the so-called ‘Asian values’ and idiosyncrasies of key leaders like Mahathir Mohamad, as well as the given regional strategic environment, which contributed to a congruence of strategic thought and mutual interests between the major actors from both countries that led to Malaysia’s admirable relations with Japan before the turn of the 21st century. This article also assesses the contemporary trends in and prospects for their bilateral ties, by identifying the changing dynamics that have brought a qualitative shift in the Malaysia-Japan bilateral relationship which is moving towards strategic partnership and beyond.","PeriodicalId":143963,"journal":{"name":"MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126631281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplikasi Teori Mahjub terhadap Pembaikan Sebutan Bunyi Bahasa Arab dalam Kalangan Pelajar Sabah - Application of Mahjub Theory in Arabic Pronunciation among Sabahan Students","authors":"Issraq Ramli, Mohd. Zaki Abd. Rahman","doi":"10.51200/manu.v25i0.765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v25i0.765","url":null,"abstract":"Terdapat banyak modul sebutan berada di pasaran yang memperkenalkan teknik pembelajaran dan pengajaran sebutan al-Quran al-Karim dan bahasa Arab. Ada yang menggunakan kaedah klasik, moden dan ada juga yang menggunakan kedua-dua kaedah secara komprehensif. Namun, amat sedikit kita lihat kaedah yang dapat memperbaiki sebutan dan menumpukan secara khusus teknik kepada pelajar bukan Arab. Sering kali diperkatakan tentang masalah sebutan pelajar Sabah tanpa membuat kajian secara terperinci dan ilmiah. Justeru, kajian ini dibuat untuk melihat masalah sebenar sebutan bunyi bahasa Arab pelajar Sabah dan seterusnya mengaplikasikan teori Mahjub (1993) untuk memperbaiki masalah sebutan bahasa Arab. Kajian ini dilakukan di sebuah sekolah menengah kebangsaan di Kota Kinabalu yang responden kajiannya ialah pelajar sekolah tingkatan empat. Objektif kajian adalah untuk mengenal pasti secara ilmiah permasalahan sebutan dalam kalangan pelajar Sabah dan mengaplikasi kaedah fonetik Mahjub, seterusnya melihat keberkesanan modul Mahjub sebagai instrumen terbaik memperbaiki sebutan pelajar Sabah. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan huruf-huruf konsonan yang sukar bagi pelajar asing yang dibuat oleh Mahjub (1993) yang menggunakan modul yang digunakan untuk memperbaiki sebutan Arab pelajar asing. Terdapat tiga langkah utama dalam kajian ini, iaitu rakaman ujian pertama (U1) sebagai sebutan bahasa Arab terkini pelajar Sabah, kemudian langkah kedua melaksanakan PdP berdasarkan PdP Mahjub dan langkah yang ketiga membuat rakaman ujian kedua (U2) untuk melihat keberhasilan teori Mahjub dalam memperbaiki sebutan pelajar Sabah. Hasil Kajian menunjukkan nilai yang sangat signifikan antara U1 dan U2. Daripada sembilan huruf yang diuji itu, konsonan ‘Ayn [ع] paling baik disebut oleh pelajar dan huruf Dad [ض] paling sukar disebut dalam U1. Dalam U2, huruf Ta’ [ط] paling sukar disebut dan huruf Sad [ص] paling mudah disebut. Dalam U1 Fathaṯ paling tinggi skor dengan 68.2 berbanding Sukun yang mempunyai skor paling rendah dengan 33.3. Secara puratanya, dalam U1 pelajar atau responden hanya mendapat purata sekitar 55 skor min bagi Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ. Namun, pada U2 peningkatan masing-masing Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ. mendapat skor yang hampir sama, iaitu 77.9 dan 76.9. Data menunjukkan bahawa Sukun paling bermasalah kepada responden dalam sebutan. Begitu juga terdapat perubahan yang signifikan dalam ujian kedudukan Fathaṯ, Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ dari U1 kepada U2. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa teori Mahjub ini berhasil memperbaiki masalah sebutan dalam kalangan pelajar Sabah dan memberikan satu alternatif untuk diaplikasi dalam PdP pelajar dan membuka ruang kepada penulis lain untuk memanjangkan kajian pada masa akan datang. There are many modules/methods available in the market to introduce the techniques of learning and teaching the Holy Quran and the Arabic language. There are classical and modern methods in teaching the Holy Quran, and some might combine both classical and mo","PeriodicalId":143963,"journal":{"name":"MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121078169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polisi dan Realiti Gaji Minimum di Negeri Sabah: Satu Kajian Kes Pekerja Kontrak Pembersihan di Universiti Malaysia Sabah - The Policy and Reality of Minimum Wage in Sabah: A Case Study of Contract Janitors in UMS","authors":"M. Azan, Dzurizah Ibrahim","doi":"10.51200/manu.v25i0.767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v25i0.767","url":null,"abstract":"Pelaksanaan gaji minimum di Malaysia pada dasarnya bermula apabila Akta Majlis Perundingan Gaji Negara (Akta 732) dikuatkuasakan mulai 15 September 2011. Bersandarkan kepada Pelaksanaan Perintah Gaji Minimum 2012 (Sabah, Sarawak dan Labuan) yang telah diperkenalkan pada September 2012, Sabah memulakan operasi agar para majikan di Sabah turut melaksanakan gaji minimum kepada para pekerja masing-masing. Penguatkuasaan pelaksanaan gaji minimum di Malaysia pada 1 Januari 2014 meletakkan gaji minimum di Semenanjung Malaysia sebanyak RM900, manakala Sabah dan Sarawak sebanyak RM800. Gaji minimum diperkenalkan bertujuan menjaga hak dan kebajikan pekerja menerusi ‘fair pay’ bagi membantu golongan pekerja sekali gus menggalakkan mobiliti. Namun, sejauh mana alasan-alasan tersebut dan kesedaran tentang kewujudan gaji minimum diketahui oleh para pekerja masih menjadi persoalan, khususnya dalam konteks pekerja di negeri Sabah. Artikel ini membincangkan tahap kesedaran pekerja terhadap gaji minimum serta menilai sejauh mana pembayaran gaji minimum dilaksanakan dalam sektor pembersihan di Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) menerusi temu bual mendalam ke atas dua orang wakil pengurusan dan 16 orang responden dalam kalangan pekerja pembersihan. Kajian mendapati bahawa tahap kesedaran pekerja terhadap kewujudan dan pelaksanaan gaji minimum adalah sifar. Walaupun majikan mengakui telah melaksanakan gaji minimum, dapatan kajian menemukan sebaliknya. Manipulasi maklumat oleh majikan telah mengekang pelaksanaan gaji minimum untuk dilaksanakan secara berkesan. Kajian ini penting sebagai sandaran untuk memastikan hak dan kebajikan pekerja bukan sahaja di Sabah tetapi juga di Kepulauan Borneo ini secara amnya dapat dipelihara. The implementation of a minimum wage in Malaysia basically began when the National Wage Consultative Council Act (Act 732) came into force on 15 September 2011. In accordance with the Minimum Wage Act that was introduced in September 2012, Sabah’s employers have started implementing the Minimum Wage Act (2012) on their workers. The implementation of a minimum wage in Malaysia have become mandatory on 1 January 2014, thus a minimum wage of RM900 has been set for workers in Peninsular Malaysia and RM800 for the workers in Sabah and Sarawak. The reason for introducing a minimum wage is protecting workers’ rights and welfare through fair pay policy which is intended to help workers and also to encourage worker mobility. However, the awareness of employees about the existence of the minimum wage is still questionable, especially workers in Sabah. Therefore, this paper discussed the level of employee awareness with regard to the minimum wage, as well as assessed the extent of the minimum wage implementation in the cleaning services in Universiti Malaysia Sabah via in-depth interviews with two management representatives of the cleaning service organizations and 16 janitors. This study found that the level of employee awareness of the existence and ","PeriodicalId":143963,"journal":{"name":"MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124345264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pattani Malay Identity in Pantai Ini Lautnya Dalam - Identiti Melayu Pattani dalam Pantai Ini Lautnya Dalam","authors":"Saravanan P Veeramuthu","doi":"10.51200/manu.v25i0.763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v25i0.763","url":null,"abstract":"This study is an examination of the portrayal of the Pattani Malay identity in the Pantai Ini Lautnya Dalam anthology by Abdul Razak Panaemalae. Ten short stories by the writer are analysed with specific focus on how this identity is presented or reflected through the characters based on the model of identity advocated by Phinney (1989). Four dimensions of identity - religion, language, economy, and politics - are highlighted in the discussion. Abdul Razak’s stories present the perspective of the Pattani Malay community manifested through the ‘world view’ of youths entrenched in the dominant Thai culture. Analysis of the stories indicated that the Malay identity is still prevalent in the community. The cultural markers of language identity and religion identity are also ascertained. This indicated that the writer subscribed to the tenet of ‘gentem lingua facit’ or ‘language reflects nation’.  Kajian ini berkisar kepada pemaparan identiti Melayu Pattani dalam kumpulan cerpen Pantai Ini Lautnya Dalam. Unit analisis kajian ini terdiri daripada sepuluh buah cerpen nukilan Abdul Razak Panaemalae dalam Pantai Ini Lautnya Dalam. Aspek kajian bertumpu kepada citra identiti Melayu Pattani yang digambarkan melalui watak-watak yang menggerakkan cerita dalam rangkaian cerpen tersebut. Penelitian ini disandarkan kepada teori kajian identiti yang disarankan dalam model identiti Phinney (1989). Perbincangan dibahagikan kepada beberapa dimensi identiti iaitu agama, bahasa, budaya, ekonomi dan politik. Tuntasnya, nukilan Abdul Razak memperlihatkan identiti masyarakat Melayu Pattani dari sudut ‘world view’ generasi muda yang kini berada dalam lingkungan budaya Thai yang dominan. Analisis cerpen-cerpen ini menunjukkan bahawa identiti Melayu masih jelas. Selain itu, dua petanda budaya (cultural marker) dikesan iaitu identiti bahasa dan identiti agama. Hal ini membuktikan bahawa penulis berpegang kepada “gentem lingua facit”, istilah Latin yang bermaksud “bahasa menunjukkan bangsa.”","PeriodicalId":143963,"journal":{"name":"MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116854492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personaliti Islam menurut Perspektif Al-Ghazali dalam Novel Tuhan Lebih Saintifik Karya Farhan Hadi The Islamic Personality from The Perspective of Al-Ghazali in Farhan Hadi’s Novel “God is More Scientific”","authors":"N. Arifin, K. Kamarudin","doi":"10.51200/manu.v25i0.759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v25i0.759","url":null,"abstract":"Kajian ini menganalisis dan merumuskan personaliti Islam dalam novel Tuhan Lebih Saintifik karya Farhan Hadi. Novel ini dikaji menggunakan konsep personaliti Islam menurut pandangan al-Ghazali. Konsep al-Ghazali digunakan bagi melihat jenis personaliti yang dianjurkan, iaitu personaliti yang terpuji (mahmudah) dan personaliti yang tidak terpuji (mazmumah). Hasil kajian mendapati aspek personaliti Islam dalam novel ini, iaitu personaliti yang terpuji (mahmudah) lebih menyerlah berbanding dengan personaliti yang tidak terpuji (mazmumah). Hal ini memperlihatkan personaliti Islam yang terdapat dalam novel ini mampu menjadi wadah dalam mengembangkan nilai Islam dan boleh menyumbang kepada pembentukan peribadi manusia.This study analyzes and formulates Islamic personality in the novel, “Tuhan Lebih Saintifik” by Farhan Hadi. The novel is reviewed by using the concept of Islamic personality according to al-Ghazali. The concept of al-Ghazali is used to look at the types of personalities namely, noble personality (mahmudah) and despicable personality (mazmumah). The research results revealed the aspects of personality from the novel whereby the noble personality (mahmudah) was more noticeable compared to the despicable personality (mazmumah). This shows that the Islamic personality depicted in the novel could serve as the bedrock in spreading of Islamic values and contribute to the personal development of men.","PeriodicalId":143963,"journal":{"name":"MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123368773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kepesatan Pembangunan Ekonomi dan Dasar Tenaga Kerja di Sabah, 1960-an – 1980-an Rapid Economic Development and Labour Policies in Sabah, 1960’s – 1980’s","authors":"Ramli Dollah, Kamarulnizam Abdullah","doi":"10.51200/manu.v25i0.761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v25i0.761","url":null,"abstract":"Pembangunan ekonomi negeri yang pesat menyebabkan sektor ekonomi negeri Sabah bergantung kepada tenaga kerja asing dari negara Indonesia dan Filipina yang majoritinya bekerja secara tidak sah. Walau bagaimanapun, Kerajaan Persekutuan dan Negeri sejak awal lagi telah berusaha untuk mengurangkan kebergantungan tenaga kerja asing tanpa izin dengan mengambil beberapa inisiatif awal mengatasi masalah kekurangan tenaga kerja di negeri ini. Makalah ini melihat kepesatan pembangunan ekonomi negeri Sabah serta usaha-usaha yang diambil oleh pihak Kerajaan Negeri dan Persekutuan serta pihak swasta di negeri ini untuk mengatasi masalah kekurangan tenaga kerja pada awal kemerdekaan sehinggalah tahun 1980-an. Dua inisiatif utama dibincangkan, iaitu penubuhan Lembaga Kumpulan Wang Perpindahan tahun 1960-an dan penubuhan Sabah Immigrant Manpower Center 1980-an. Kedua- dua inisiatif menangani kekurangan tenaga kerja ini gagal mencapai matlamat. Keadaan ini menyebabkan cara terbaik menangani masalah kekurangan tenaga kerja dengan mendapatkan pekerja asing dari negara jiran terutamanya Indonesia dan Filipina yang majoritinya bekerja di negeri ini secara tidak sah. Trend kebergantungan kepada pekerja asing tanpa izin akhirnya menjadi elemen utama pembangunan ekonomi negeri Sabah pada hari ini. Sabah rapid economic development has led to the heavy reliance on migrant workers from Indonesia and the Philippines, in which a majority of them are working illegally. However, the federal and state governments have been trying to reduce the dependency on undocumented migrant workers since the outset by taking several early initiatives to overcome the labour shortage in this state in Borneon Malaysia. This paper examines the economic development and the efforts the state has taken together with the federal government as well as the private sector in Sabah to cope with the labour shortage in the early days of independence until the 1980’s. Two major initiatives were discussed, namely the establishment of the Migration Fund Board in the 1960’s and Sabah Manpower Immigrant Centre in the 1980’s. Both initiatives have failed to achieve their goals in addressing labour shortage. As a consequence, the best way to deal with the problem of labour shortage was hiring migrant workers from neighbouring countries, particularly Indonesia and the Philippines and most of them had worked illegally. Therefore, the dependency on illegal migrant workers has eventually become a key element to the present-day economic development in Sabah.","PeriodicalId":143963,"journal":{"name":"MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127545378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etika Kerja Etnik Bugis di Sabah: Satu Kajian di Organisasi Awam Bugis Work Ethics: A Study on Public Organization","authors":"A. Omar, Asmiaty Amat","doi":"10.51200/manu.v25i0.762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v25i0.762","url":null,"abstract":"Kepelbagaian etnik dalam organisasi merupakan perkara utama yang sering kali menjadi perbincangan di peringkat pengurusan sumber manusia. Setiap etnik tersebut telah membentuk satu nilai, kepercayaan dan pandangan yang tersendiri terhadap pelaksanaan tugas yang dilakukan di tempat kerja. Etnik Bugis merupakan salah satu etnik yang terdapat di Sabah dan secara tidak langsung menjadi penyumbang terhadap tenaga kerja dalam organisasi awam. Kepelbagaian etnik tersebut memerlukan seorang pengurus yang peka terhadap etika kerja setiap etnik kerana ia mampu menyumbang kepada kecemerlangan organisasi. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti etika kerja etnik Bugis serta perbezaan etika kerja antara lelaki dan perempuan. Seramai 144 orang pekerja yang bekerja di organisasi awam sekitar Kota Kinabalu dipilih secara rawak sebagai responden kajian. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah soal selidik. Borang soal selidik mengandungi demografi responden dan juga Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile (MWEP) yang diperkenalkan oleh Miller et al. (2002). Data akan dikumpul dan dianalisis menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa etika kerja etnik Bugis adalah bekerja keras ketika melakukan sesuatu pekerjaan. Selain itu, tidak terdapat perbezaan etika kerja antara lelaki dan perempuan etnik Bugis. Akhir sekali, hasil kajian ini dapat menyumbang kepada perancangan strategik sumber manusia terhadap satu garis panduan etika kerja yang boleh diamalkan oleh setiap individu dalam organisasi. Ethnic diversity in the organization has been discussed widely in human resource management. Diversity in workplaces may form various beliefs, values and perceptions that affect the way staff perform their task. The Bugis is one of the ethnic groups in Sabah that contribute to the workforce in public organizations. Thus, ethnic diversity in the organization requires a manager to be aware of their work ethic because it can impact on an organization is performance. This study aims to identify the Bugis work ethic and determine the work ethic differences between man and women. A total of 144 public organization workers in Kota Kinabalu were randomly selected as respondents. This study used a quantitative approach with questionnaire method. The questionnaire encompassed respondent demographic and Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile (WEP) by Miller et al. (2002). Data was collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22. The results showed that the Bugis people are hardworking. In addition, there is no differences in work ethic between man and women. Finally, the results may contribute to the human resources strategic planning for ethical guidelines that can be practiced by every individual in the organization","PeriodicalId":143963,"journal":{"name":"MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123619336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kerencatan Hubungan Diplomatik Kesultanan Melayu Melaka, Johor dan Aceh The Deterrence of Malay Government Diplomatic Relationship with Malacca, Johore and Aceh","authors":"Salmah Jan Noor Muhammad","doi":"10.51200/manu.v25i0.764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v25i0.764","url":null,"abstract":"Hubungan diplomatik merupakan hubungan yang terjalin di antara dua atau lebih kerajaan. Pada dasarnya, hubungan ini terbina atas dasar kepercayaan, keserasian dan keinginan untuk menjayakan matlamat yang sama demi kepentingan kerajaan masing-masing. Namun, hubungan diplomatik ini akan mengalami kerencatan apabila segelintir pemerintah kerajaan tidak lagi terikat dengan nilai integriti dan melihat ‘kuasa’ sebagai agenda utama dalam hubungan tersebut. Makalah ini bertujuan mengkaji faktor penyebab berlakunya permasalahan ini. Bagi memperoleh data, penulis melakukan kajian kepustakaan. Hasil dapatan menemui bahawa faktor kerencatan ini berlaku disebabkan oleh interaksi sosial yang berbeza antara kerajaan, matlamat untuk menjadi ‘kerajaan autokratik’ dan akibat perlanggaran prinsip etika dan moral hidup. Naskhah Sulalatus Salatin, Tuhfat al-Nafis dan Hikayat Aceh akan dijadikan sebagai bahan perbincangan utama. Diplomatic relationship is an affiliation that is formed between two or more overnments. Essentially, this relationship is built on belief, compatibility and desire to achieve similar goals for the sake of their respective state interests. However, this diplomatic relationship will decline when government rulers are bound with the value of integrity and perceive ‘power’ as main agenda in that affiliation. This article aims to study the causal factor towards this problem. To obtain data, the author prepared aprecise literature study. Results of the study showed that factors that lead to this interference are social interaction that is diverse between governments, the goal of becoming the ‘autocratic government,’ and the collision of the principle of ethics and moral life. The copy of Sulalatus Salatin, Tuhfat al- Nafis and Hikayat Aceh will be utilised as the main discussion materials.","PeriodicalId":143963,"journal":{"name":"MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115241834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}