2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)最新文献

{"title":"Non-destructive quality evaluation of fruit by color based on RGB LEDs system","authors":"O. Yahaya, M. MatJafri, A. Aziz, A. Omar","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015804","url":null,"abstract":"Fruits and vegetables are generally valued based on their visual appearance, particularly their color. Color is an important quality attribute that affects consumer acceptance and preference in the food industry. Human perception of color has been used as an indirect measure for classifying fruits in indices as fruits matured and ripened. This study was conducted to measure fruit quality by using visible optical fiber sensors that contains of RGB LEDs which are red, green and blue with peak wavelengths at 635 nm, 525 nm, and 470 nm, respectively. Moreover, this study aims to provide an innovative and low-cost approach for nondestructive fruit quality measurement. Multiple linear regressions was applied to develop calibration models for classifying fruits based on the index. Results showed that the proposed optical instruments can produce good and accurate measurements when evaluating the index. The highest coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.879), was obtained by using a combination of red, green, and blue data sets at various ripeness indices. Meanwhile, the optical fiber of red system generated by the monochromatic wavelength exhibited better precision (R2 = 0.795) compared with the other two wavelengths. In conclusion, the application of these systems leads to the rapid and efficient assessment of the quality measurement of mangoes.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133424843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical modeling of gate capacitance and drain current of gate-all-around InxGa1−xAs nanowire MOSFET","authors":"S. Khan, M. S. Hossain, M. O. Hossen, F. Rahman, R. Zaman, Q. Khosru","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015777","url":null,"abstract":"Gate-all-around structure with III-V channel material shows improved channel performance with high carrier mobility and less short channel effect and therefore is being studied rigorously for next generation transistors. We propose an analytical model to calculate gate capacitance and drain current of gate-all-around (GAA) nanowire MOSFET, a prospective device to replace the state-of-art FinFET in near future as per ITRS roadmap. The gate capacitance in strong inversion region is modeled incorporating quantum mechanical effects which are verified against the results obtained from self-consistent simulation of Schrödinger-Poisson equation appeared in recent literature. This model can also be extended for calculating gate capacitance in strong inversion region of different Multi-gate MOSFETs. A Spice compatible analytic model for drain current is also proposed which shows excellent agreement with the reported results of experimentally demonstrated In0.53Ga0.47As (2×1016/cm3) GAA MOSFET. Using the proposed formula for gate capacitance in strong inversion region and drain current together with semi-numerical ballistic MOSFET model, the performance of In0.53Ga0.47As (2×1016/cm3) GAA MOSFET is examined. This device is found suitable for ultra-high performance application with very high intrinsic cut-off frequency resulting from very low gate delay and very high on current and gate capacitance. The proposed analytical model of gate capacitance utilizes a modified form of co-axial cable capacitance along with the quantum capacitance limit to form a computationally efficient formula that is in well agreement with the results appeared in recent literature. On the other hand, Landauer-Buttiker formula and compact model for drain current of planar bulk-MOSFET are utilized to form the model for analytic drain current that shows excellent agreement with the experimental results appeared in the literature in recent past. The proposed model can be used for Spice modeling and circuit simulation of In0.53Ga0.47As GAA MOSFET. Moreover, this model is flexible and can be modified for other high performance multi-gate nano-devices.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134147651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of CPU load & idle state on embedded processor energy usage","authors":"S. Daud, R. B. Ahmad, Ong Bi Lynn, Zahereel Ishwar Abd Kareem, Latifah Munirah Kamarudin, P. Ehkan, M. N. M. Warip, R. R. Othman","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015766","url":null,"abstract":"Device power consumption is a serious design consideration especially for embedded systems. By reducing the power consumption of a particular system, we could effectively prolong the runtime of the system, allowing for longer operational condition of a particular system. Previous studies have suggested that the power characteristics of a modern embedded processor have since been improved with manufacturer's implementation of better energy-focused designs. Implementation of hardware optimization such as better clock and power gating have been shown to produce better energy usage during on-load and off-load processing. In this paper we benchmarked the energy use of a modern embedded processor and study the effects of idling time to the processor and system energy usage. We have found that the processor energy use is significantly reduced in the instant that the processor goes idle during the execution process. The idling time during a processing timeslice allows the processor to use significantly less energy without explicitly depending on a frequency scaling algorithm to reduce energy consumption. This power saving feature directly implemented inside the processor hardware have the possibility to render software based frequency scaling algorithm and DVFS method to be less effective in reducing energy usage.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124116329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology of power integrity analysis for high speed PCB design","authors":"Y. Fei","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015785","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the methodology of power integrity (PI) analysis for high speed printed circuit board (PCB) design. This involves the analysis of AC and DC characteristic of the PCB, and also the loop stability of the switch mode voltage source. Besides this, the best practices of designing a power rail with excellent fidelity are discussed in detail in this paper. The basic theory of operation of the switch mode voltage source and the concept of loop stability are also discussed. The results of simulated PI DC and AC analysis of PCB using Hyperlynx from Mentor Graphic, simulated and measured loop stability and transient response of switch mode voltage source are presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115235959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application Specific Electronic Nose (ASEN) for Ganoderma boninense detection using artificial neural network","authors":"A. Abdullah, A. Shakaff, A. Zakaria, F. Saad, S. A. Abdul Shukor, A. Mat","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015788","url":null,"abstract":"Oil palm has many usages and mainly is used in food, detergent and medical products. However, the crop is susceptible to diseases where one of them, the Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease, is affecting oil palm plantations in Malaysia and Indonesia. Currently, most of the detection techniques in treating the disease require detailed operating procedures and some are still not fully tested. In this paper, the Application Specific Electronic Nose (ASEN) is proposed to be used in Ganoderma boninense detection which is the basidiomycetes fungi of BSR disease. The specific sensor arrays will increase the instrument performance while reducing the cost, processing time and noise. The instrument data processing uses Artificial Neural Network (MLP, PNN and RBF) classification model. Initial results show that the instrument was able to detect the fungus. The instrument provides an effective low cost non-destructive method for the disease detection. This indicates that the instrument can be used as a detection system for plant disease monitoring.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131014699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-directional beam of patch antenna","authors":"M. Jusoh, A. H. Ismail, M. Kamarudin, A. Alomainy, Mohd Waffy Nasrudin, T. Sabapathy","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015801","url":null,"abstract":"A parasitic planar patch antenna capable of multidirectional pattern reconfiguration is presented. The integration of mutual coupling principle with the parasitic techniques has realized the pattern reconfigurable features. The antenna structure consists of a driven element surrounded by four parasitic elements act as reflectors and director depending on the switching schemes. All parasitic elements is directly connected to the ground via shorting pins. Reconfiguration achieved using four PIN diode switches by experimentally investigating the effect of switching technique on overall steering performance. The proposed antenna achieves nine clear beam angular positions at □=0°, 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270° and 315°. Moreover, the proposed antenna has achieved excellent gain levels at all reconfiguration scenarios with an average value 7 dBi. Regardless of the switching configurations, the proposed antenna has stable S11 between 2.36 GHz to 2.39 GHz application.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130353740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust alignment of salient facial regions for recognition of 3-D partial faces scans","authors":"Abdulamir Abdullah Kerim, R. F. Ghani, S. A. Mahmood","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015774","url":null,"abstract":"The work in this paper is dedicated to present and experiment a fully automatic face recognition approach based on exploiting the distinctive traits of 3D facial scans. We aim to present a recognition approach operates with fully and partial facial scans (missing facial parts). A region based approach for registration and recognition processes is adopted to offer robust faces matching against facial expression and pose variations. An average nose model was constructed in this work via procrustes analysis concept for registration purpose. The nose region for both training and testing facial scans is detected using cascade filtering scheme of the extracted local descriptors (Distance to Local Plan and shape index). Finally, the similarity measure between faces is computed based on Iterative Closest Point (ICP) method. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been evaluated on GAVADB 3D face database which consists of both frontal and partial facial scans. The experimental results showed, that nose region has been detected accurately with success rate 98% for facial scans having natural expression and frontal pose, which leads to achieve high recognition rates of the faces. The experiments have demonstrate that nose region based detector capable to operates significantly with partial facial scans and thus achieves accuracy about (5.5 mm) for nose tip location.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129463924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic target detection in GPR images using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG)","authors":"K. L. Lee, M. Mokji","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015795","url":null,"abstract":"Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has proven itself to be one of the most popular and reliable geophysical device in subsurface investigation. However, human operators are required to manually interpret the GPR data. In a typical geophysical survey, collected GPR data sometimes can be enormously huge, causing issues such as time consuming and inaccuracy in results due to human errors. In this paper, we present an algorithm that automatically detects hyperbolic signatures in GPR data in B-scan model. This developed algorithm is able to mark potential regions that contain the reflections from target of buried objects. Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) was initially developed to detect pedestrians, but it can be also well-adapted to detect particular shapes and objects. HOG descriptors are extracted from a set of training images and are trained using a linear SVM classifier. The main purpose of this algorithm is to narrow down the data into possible target reflection regions. After that, we implement Hough Transform to highlight the hyperbolic patterns in the reflection. The results shows that the developed system can perform target detection at an average of 93.75% detection rate for all four test sets.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128241319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of resource allocation using Taguchi's method for LTE-Advanced network","authors":"A. S. Md Zain, M. F. Abd Malek, M. Elshaikh, N. Omar","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015814","url":null,"abstract":"Managing and allocating available resources are vital in communication networks in order to attain a network design objective while keeping great satisfaction in quality of service (QoS) for all users. Resource allocation in multi-cell system can be described as maximizing of a system utility by allocating transmits power among users and spatial directions. Different resource scheduling algorithms also have been addressed to handle the resource allocation among users. Hence, this study provides an optimization framework for downlink resource allocation in a single cell with multi user system. The framework will then be extended for multi-cell system. The structure of optimal resource allocation is derived based on Taguchi's method. An initial simulation study has been carried out using OMNeT++ simulator. Three performance criteria are measured which are MAC throughput and delay of the system, and also the mean opinion score (MOS) for VoIP traffic application.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":"25 22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121039777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributed cognitive radio detection using Waspmote sensor for Windows based PC/Laptop","authors":"M. N. Morshed, S. Khatun, L. Kamarudin, A. Zakaria, N. Azmi","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015816","url":null,"abstract":"All over the world, the existing spectrum is already been saturated with ever increasing demand. Every day huge number of users is joined to the existing fixed band frequency but the bandwidth is not increasing. To solve this issue the cognitive radio is the best choice. Spectrum or white space detection is an essential and very important issue in cognitive radio communication. The aim of channel detection is to find out efficiently the presence or absence of primary or licensed frequency. In this paper, we have developed a Libelium Waspmote sensor based cognitive radio detection scheme which is very easy to use, energy and cost effective. The reason for selecting this type of sensor is it supports IEEE 802.11 b/g and the Tx/Rx antenna transmission and reception sensitivity can be changed by the software. It can scan the available channel resource within its range and can store the data files. Also the security of this type of sensor supports the highest level of wireless security that is Wireless Protected Access V2 or WPA2. It is Windows based which is very common worldwide. The application runs in background without interrupting the PC/Laptop users. It is able to find efficient spectrum hole (Ideal channel) for a secondary or cognitive user to use the primary or licensed band without interrupting the primary user.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126989752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}