International Journal of Science and Research Archive最新文献

{"title":"Concept paper: Efficiency of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools For STEM Education In Malaysia","authors":"Mohammad Aniq Bin, Mohammad Aniq, Bin Amdan, Naldo Janius, Mohd Aidil, Hazidi Bin Kasdiah","doi":"10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1273","url":null,"abstract":"The concept paper identifies the relationship of Artificial Intelligence (AI) towards teaching and learning in STEM education. AI can really revolutionize STEM education if AI-powered tools are in place to ensure that each of the students receives personalized instructions, intelligent tutoring, and interactive simulations. Not only this, but they even grade assignments or quizzes that are submitted automatically and prove predictions with analytics to create efficiency and effectiveness in STEM pedagogy. However, there is a limited quantity of primary research regarding the actual impacts of such AI technologies. The paper will hence fill this gap by making an in-depth assessment of the application of AI tools in STEM classrooms. If strategically deployed, AI has huge potential to improve student mastery in STEM, increase learner motivation and autonomy, and allow teachers to become more personalized in their support. However, it also identifies challenges of equitable access, bias in algorithms, and wishing that the teachers have robust training programs. It thus proposes, based on the results, key recommendations that include developing ethical guidelines, investing in professional development, and designing AI systems accommodating diverse learning needs. To be precise, this research provides relevant empirical evidence and some practical guidance for education stakeholders to harness the transformative power of AI for STEM learning","PeriodicalId":14366,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive","volume":"3 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro and In-vivo screening methods for targeting HMBG1 in RA: A comprehensive overview","authors":"S. Kalaivanan, S. Showbharnikhaa, T. Thenmozhi, S. Preethi, A. Ayisha Siddiqkha, A. Hema Malini, K. Rajaganapathy, R. Srinivasan","doi":"10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1237","url":null,"abstract":"Targeting High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) holds promise for mitigating inflammation and joint damage. This paper comprehensively overviews In Vitro and In Vivo screening methods for HMGB1 targeting in RA. In Vitro, assays include cell-based assays, ELISA, and Western blotting to assess HMGB1 release, receptor activation, and downstream signalling pathways. In Vivo, models such as collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice and adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats mimic RA pathogenesis and enable evaluation of HMGB1 inhibitors' efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics. Advanced imaging technologies, including PET and MRI, allow non-invasive visualization of HMGB1 expression In Vivo. Biomarker analyses complement screening methods by correlating HMGB1 levels with disease activity and treatment response. Integration of these screening methods facilitates the development of HMGB1-targeted therapies with the potential to transform RA management. In this review we proposed certain In-vitro and In-vivo screening methods for RA.","PeriodicalId":14366,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of school principal leadership, teachers’ creativity and motivation on teachers’ performance in vocational high schools in Bangka Regency","authors":"Mariyana, Eko Pramono Suwito, Sutarto Joko","doi":"10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1203","url":null,"abstract":"The school principal's leadership is crucial in creating a conducive work environment, providing clear guidance, and motivating teachers to perform at their best. Teacher creativity and motivation significantly impact their performance, affecting the overall education quality. Vocational education, such as SMKs, aims to prepare graduates for the workforce, emphasizing professionalism and productivity. This quantitative survey involved teachers from SMKs in Bangka Regency. A total of 170 teachers were selected using proportional multistage sampling. Data were collected through literature review, questionnaires, observations, and documentation. Statistical analyses included tests for normality, linearity, homoscedasticity, and multicollinearity, followed by descriptive statistics, classic assumption testing, multiple regression analysis, and path analysis. Path analysis revealed significant direct effects of teacher creativity and motivation on teacher performance in SMKs in Bangka Regency. The direct effect of teacher creativity was 53.72%, while motivation had a 14.28% direct effect. Together, teacher creativity and motivation had a combined direct effect of 68.02% on teacher performance. Moreover, the moderating effect of school principals' leadership on the relationship between teacher creativity and performance was found to be 17.07%, while for teacher motivation, it was 9.41%. The findings indicate a significant positive relationship between teacher creativity, motivation, and performance in SMKs in Bangka Regency. Higher creativity and motivation lead to better teacher performance, contributing to improved educational outcomes. However, the moderating effect of school principals' leadership was relatively small, suggesting the need for further enhancement of leadership practices to maximize its impact on teacher performance. Overall, fostering teacher creativity and motivation alongside effective leadership can significantly enhance teacher performance in SMKs. The study underscores the importance of teacher creativity, motivation, and effective leadership in enhancing teacher performance in SMKs in Bangka Regency.","PeriodicalId":14366,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutibacterium acnes (Propionibacterium acnes): Review Article","authors":"Ahmed Sami Salman, Mohammed M. Alkhuzaie","doi":"10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1152","url":null,"abstract":"P. acnes or short for Propionibacterium Acnes, is a bacterium that is natural on human skin more or less on everyone. It is a ubiquitous and fascinating wrinkle in our largest organ that merely scratching the skin’s surface gives an impression of. While it’s commonly associated with pimples, the truth is quite diverse, as it plays far more roles than only causing acne. P. acnes is an anaerobic bacterium, which should suggest that it practices in oxygen-scarce environments such as the hair follicles and sebaceous glands, where it indeed feeds on sebum, or skin oil, however, P. acnes does not solely cause this inflammation; the glands have additional friends that contribute to the formation of pimples, papules, and pustules characteristic of acne. Other contributing factors are hormonal, genetic, and immune systems, as they also account for acne manifestations. Second, it is worth pointing out that not all P. acnes strains are alike. Of these, some may be more irritable than others, with a greater impact on acne severity. This has given researchers a cue to look for precise treatments that will focus on the worst-causing strains, thereby giving hope to improved acne treatment. However, different from what it was hitherto associated with, P. acnes is currently being researched for what it can do. Some of the proposed benefits are that it might act as an immunomodulator; it helps us control the immune system, which prevents infections; and it may be involved in the healing process, especially in burns, thus, it was found that P. acnes and our skin are intertwined in a mutually wakeful and poorly understood connection. It may be bad for acne-prone skin, but it may be good for something in our bodies. It is imperative to fully understand this intricate relationship in order to derive new tactics for halting the occurrence of acne and promoting proper skin health.","PeriodicalId":14366,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Botanical detectives: Harnessing plant evidence in criminal justice","authors":"Isha Vishnoi","doi":"10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1320","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic botany is an interdisciplinary science that combines botanical principles with legal investigations to solve crimes. Forensic botany involves various subdisciplines of plant science, including palynology (study of pollen and spores), dendrochronology (study of tree rings), and plant anatomy and morphology. Historically, plant evidence has been underutilized in forensic science, despite its potential to provide critical information. The field gained prominence in the mid-20th century, with pioneering cases where botanical evidence played a key role in criminal investigations. This paper reviews procedures and recent cases where botanical evidence played a role in establishing either manner or time of death. Plant evidence can be useful for determining if the death was due to an accident, suicide, or homicide, or what time of year burial may have taken place. In addition, plant evidence can be used to determine whether a crime scene is a primary or secondary scene and to locate missing bodies.","PeriodicalId":14366,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A convolutional neural networks approach in MRI image analysis for Alzhei","authors":"Satyanarayana Botsa, Suresh Kumar Maddila","doi":"10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1195","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its advancements, particularly in Computer Vision, have narrowed the gap between humans and machines. The Deep Learning techniques, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), have revolutionized image analysis by assigning importance to different aspects of an image and enabling accurate differentiation. This paper focuses on applying CNNs to detect structural changes associated with Alzheimer's disease using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Currently, the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease relies on a combination of clinical assessments and neurological tests. This study aims to develop and evaluate various CNN models, including VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, ResNet101, MobileNet, MobileNetV2, InceptionV3, Xception, DenseNet121, and DenseNet169, to analyze MRI scans for Alzheimer's disease detection. The above models were trained and tested using a dataset comprising MRI scans from healthy individuals and Alzheimer's patients. By comparing the accuracy of the CNN models in detecting Alzheimer's disease from MRI scans, the study demonstrates the potential of CNNs in improving the accuracy and efficiency of Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. The findings suggest that CNN-based analysis of Alzheimer's MRI images holds promise for early detection and treatment of the disease. This research can growing body of knowledge in computer-aided medical diagnostics and underscores the significance of leveraging AI techniques to enhance healthcare outcomes.","PeriodicalId":14366,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Part3: Concept development of ‘Renewable Marine Island (REMARIS)’","authors":"Ravi S. Gonella, Shyam S. Gonella","doi":"10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1290","url":null,"abstract":"This paper highlights about the Renewable marine function islands, the outbreaking innovation where consumer appurtenances utilize the renewable energy from near shore and offshore renewable marine hybrid islands to process the energy population and meet the green energy demand. In other words, Renewable marine islands are Central processing Smart ocean fuel stations where homes, vessels, carriers, planes and ships capture energy retrofit in batches towards its marine journey. The marine floatation includes hydrogen production, topside processing, LNG re-gasification, pipeline production, tank storage, internal combustion, energy conversion, electric generation, propeller motion etc.","PeriodicalId":14366,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive","volume":"7 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of socio-demographic factors on knowledge of cervical cancer among women in rural Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Abu Ansar, Md Rizwan, Iffat Ara Begum, Shihab-ul-Islam Rafi, Zubaida Iftekhar, Moshfequa Rahman Khan, Sujit Kumar Banik, Shamiul Bashir Plabon, Ridwanul Islam","doi":"10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1202","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cervical cancer poses a significant public health challenge globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where it leads to substantial morbidity and mortality. In Bangladesh, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women, with socioeconomic factors, educational attainment, and access to healthcare being critical determinants of health outcomes. This study investigates the impact of socio-demographic factors on the knowledge of cervical cancer among women in rural Bangladesh. Method: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted across four subdistricts: Bakergonj, Amtoli, Kumarkhali, and Jagannathpur. A sample size of 245 women aged 30 to 49 years was selected through systematic random sampling. Data were collected from November 2020 to February 2021 using structured questionnaires administered during face-to-face interviews. Knowledge was assessed based on responses to 15 questions about cervical cancer, with scores ranging from 0 to 15. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the associations between knowledge levels and socio-demographic variables. Results: The study revealed that only 17.14% of the respondents demonstrated good knowledge of cervical cancer, while 82.86% exhibited poor knowledge. Significant associations were found between knowledge levels and factors such as age, education, and household size. Notably, 15.38% of respondents aged 30-34 demonstrated good knowledge compared to only 12.82% of those aged 45-49 (P=0.022). Similarly, 100% of respondents with graduate or higher education had good knowledge (P=0.026). Smaller household sizes were also associated with better knowledge (P=0.047). Conclusion: The findings highlight substantial gaps in cervical cancer knowledge among rural women in Bangladesh, underscoring the need for targeted educational interventions. These interventions should focus on providing comprehensive information about HPV, cervical cancer, and screening methods, and addressing cultural stigmas and misconceptions.","PeriodicalId":14366,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Solution for Plane Stagnation Point Flow","authors":"Stanley A. Omenai","doi":"10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1357","url":null,"abstract":"The plane stagnation point flow, where a fluid stream impinges perpendicularly on a flat surface, is a classic problem in fluid dynamics with significant theoretical and practical implications. This report presents a comprehensive numerical solution to the plane stagnation point flow using the fourth order Runge-Kutta approximation. The numerical approach is developed to solve the governing Hiemenz Flow equation. Key flow characteristics, including velocity, are analyzed, offering insights into the fluid behavior near the stagnation point.","PeriodicalId":14366,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the competency of some selected soft computing techniques for modeling of lateritic soil strength based on index properties","authors":"Lateef Bankole Adamolekun, M. Saliu, A. Lawal, I. A. Okewale","doi":"10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1199","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the capability of some soft computing techniques including ANN, M5P and RF to accurately predict the strength of selected lateritic soils in southwestern Nigeria from index properties including specific gravity, linear shrinkage, liquid limit, plasticity index, fine sand content, and fines content. To achieve this goal, the experimental dataset obtained from the laboratory analysis of three hundred soil samples taken from thirty different lateritic deposits within southwestern Nigeria was divided into model and gaging dataset. The model dataset contains two hundred and forty data points, which were divided into 70% for training and 15% each for testing and validation of the proposed models. The gaging dataset contains sixty data points, which were used to validate the proposed models against prominent existing models in the literature. The models performances were evaluated using various statistical estimators. Based on the statistical estimators, the proposed models outperformed the existing models in the literature and provided satisfactory performances, thus, they are validated. The obtained R2 values using the ANN model are 0.9967, 0.9963, 0.9989, and 0.9852 for training, testing, validation, and gaging dataset, respectively; the R2 values obtained for M5P model are 0.6676, 0.5501, 0.636 and 0.6727; and the R2 values for RF model are 0.8346, 0.6380, 0.7564, and 0.7901. This implies that ANN provided the most reliable model for the prediction of the soil strength. Thus, ANN is strongly recommended for prediction of lateritic soil strength.","PeriodicalId":14366,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Research Archive","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}