ChemElectroChemPub Date : 2026-07-04DOI: 10.1002/celc.202500484
Mian Muhammad Faisal, Syeda Ramsha Ali
{"title":"Flexible and Wearable Carbon Cloth-Based Supercapacitors: Synthesis, Applications, and Challenges","authors":"Mian Muhammad Faisal, Syeda Ramsha Ali","doi":"10.1002/celc.202500484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.202500484","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the rapid increase in demand for smart, wearable and flexible electronics, sustainable and high-performing energy storage devices have received enormous attention. In general, electrode materials are supported over metal-based scaffolds such as nickel/copper foam or stainless steel. However, their insufficient mechanical flexibility, higher mass density and high susceptibility towards corrosion limit their applications in electrochemical energy storage devices. In contrast, carbon cloth (CC) emerged as a potential scaffold material owing to its light weight, high flexibility, mechanical robustness and chemical inertness. Flexible CC-based supercapacitors are highly demanding when compared with secondary batteries. Moreover, due to the rigid nature of current commercial batteries, it is difficult to integrate them into flexible and wearable applications, whereas CC-based supercapacitors can be easily integrated into flexible and wearable devices. The inherently hydrophobic CC surface can be activated or modified further with nanomaterials using several methods, with each approach having some advantages and disadvantages, playing a significant role in impacting energy storage performance. Here, we discuss some methods used to activate/hydrophilize the CC and the impact of synthesis parameters on morphology, crystallinity, mass loading and overall electrochemical performance. Key applications and critical aspects that still require attention to achieve optimal performance are discussed with the cost metrics necessary for widespread adoption are highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":142,"journal":{"name":"ChemElectroChem","volume":"13 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/celc.202500484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shabnam Pouresmaeil, Jan Griebel, Andrea Prager, Falk Harnisch, Jörg Kretzschmar
{"title":"Wood-Derived Sphere-Like Biochar Granules as an Electrode Platform for Future Bed Electrodes","authors":"Shabnam Pouresmaeil, Jan Griebel, Andrea Prager, Falk Harnisch, Jörg Kretzschmar","doi":"10.1002/celc.70268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.70268","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial electrochemical technologies (MET), among others, facilitate sustainable CO<sub>2</sub> conversion into chemicals at ambient temperature and neutral pH. Reactors used in MET, called bioelectrochemical systems (BES), come in different types; bed electrodes are prominent; however, they lack reproducible, geometrically defined granular electrodes. Typical carbon granules are irregular, have wide size distributions, and poorly defined electrochemical properties, which limit their engineering applications. This study introduces sphere-like granular biochar (GB) cathodes, produced by pyrolyzing beechwood spheres at 850°C (GB850). GB850 electrodes were modified and characterized on a single-granule basis. The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at neutral pH models abiotic cathodic reactions, reflecting its important role as an intermediate in CO<sub>2</sub>-reducing BES. To improve electrocatalytic activity, GB850 was modified with nickel-molybdenum (GB850-NiMo), and the uniform electrodeposition was verified through structural and compositional analysis. GB850-NiMo exhibited an HER overpotential of only 106 ± 9 mV at −1 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, 85% lower than that of GB850. Its electrochemical double-layer capacitance (<i>C</i><sub>dl</sub>) increased fourfold after NiMo deposition, indicating a larger electrochemically active surface area. The apparent stability of GB850-NiMo highlights its potential to optimize bed electrodes in CO<sub>2</sub>-reducing BES through controlled modifications. The highly defined geometry of sphere-like GB offers a valuable tool for future engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":142,"journal":{"name":"ChemElectroChem","volume":"13 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/celc.70268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148373069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrooxidative Iodination of Carbonyl Compounds: A Mild, Simple, and Scalable Access to α-Iodocarbonyls","authors":"Biswadeep Manna, Nora Deil, Marine Pinaud, Sagar Arepally, Monika Merje Meinberg, Anastasiya Krech, Maksim Ošeka","doi":"10.1002/celc.70264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.70264","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A general method for α-iodination of carbonyl compounds has been developed based on electrochemical generation of reactive electrophilic iodine species under mild reaction conditions. This work comprises quaternary ammonium salt as a stable and inexpensive iodine source. By employing electric current as a controllable and traceless alternative oxidant, our work eliminates the use of wasteful oxidants and hazardous reaction conditions. Thus, it demonstrates excellent tolerance toward oxidation-sensitive substrates featuring aldehydes and heterocycles. Additionally, the reaction can be scaled up upon the introduction of a continuous flow setup.</p>","PeriodicalId":142,"journal":{"name":"ChemElectroChem","volume":"13 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/celc.70264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aija Gudkova, Hariharan Ravi Kavitha, Shaofeng Huang, Yushi Ohno, Shinsuke Inagi, Wei Zhang, Adam Holewinski, Robert Francke
{"title":"Anodic Alcohol Oxidation in Catalytically Active Suspensions of Carbon Particles and TEMPO-Modified Polymethacrylates","authors":"Aija Gudkova, Hariharan Ravi Kavitha, Shaofeng Huang, Yushi Ohno, Shinsuke Inagi, Wei Zhang, Adam Holewinski, Robert Francke","doi":"10.1002/celc.70260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.70260","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Homogeneous electrocatalysts (“mediators”) are often used in organic electrosynthesis to overcome electron transfer inhibitions and to control coupled chemical reactions. However, separating the mediators after completed electrolysis poses a challenge that is typically solved by column chromatography. In this context, the polymediator concept was previously developed, allowing for separation of mediator-modified polymers using scalable size-exclusive membrane processes. A problem that remained to be solved is the loss of catalytic activity with increasing molecular weight of the polymediator due to curbed mass transport, resulting in prolonged electrolysis durations. In the present report, we describe an approach to overcome this dilemma by suspending conductive carbon particles in the electrolyte. Using the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-catalyzed alcohol oxidation as a test reaction, the starting material is electrolyzed in a carbon particle suspension in the presence of TEMPO-modified polymethacrylate (TPMA), leading to a significantly accelerated reaction compared to particle-free conversion while maintaining high selectivity. In addition to investigating the influence of various parameters such as particle type and loading, substrate scope, scalability, and recyclability were examined, whereby promising results were obtained. Possible explanations for the enhanced performance—such as improved mass transport and mixing effects, as well as the formation of conductive networks—are discussed in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":142,"journal":{"name":"ChemElectroChem","volume":"13 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/celc.70260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Erika Mendoza-Chavez, Pablo Gortáres-Moroyoqui, Le Shi, Ruggero Rossi, Bruce E. Logan
{"title":"Relative Resiliency of Bioanode Electrochemical Resistances with Changes in Interelectrode Spacing in Microbial Electrolysis Cells","authors":"C. Erika Mendoza-Chavez, Pablo Gortáres-Moroyoqui, Le Shi, Ruggero Rossi, Bruce E. Logan","doi":"10.1002/celc.70251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.70251","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bioelectrochemical systems, such as microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), are more complex systems than abiotic electrochemical cells, as their performance can be impacted by microorganisms on the anode resulting from differences in materials (electrodes) and architectures (electrode spacing). Using the electrode potential slope (EPS) method, we quantified impacts on performance due to anode type (graphite brush or flat carbon felt) and changes in electrode spacing in MECs in terms of anode resistance separately from cathode resistance, anolyte and catholyte solution resistances, and total internal resistance. Carbon-felt anodes had resistances (41–49 mΩ m<sup>2</sup>) substantially higher than those of brushes (11–14 mΩ m<sup>2</sup>), demonstrating the importance of the anode materials on performance. Both brush and felt anode resistances were unaffected by changes in spacing (and thus changes in solution resistances) when these anodes were moved further (2 cm) away from the cathode. This lack of a change with electrode location indicated stable performance of the exoelectrogenic microorganisms on the anodes despite the lower current densities due to increased solution resistances. These results show that large changes in MEC performance result from electrode materials but not from changes in current densities resulting from increased internal resistances due to larger electrode spacing.</p>","PeriodicalId":142,"journal":{"name":"ChemElectroChem","volume":"13 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/celc.70251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental and Computational Elucidation of Protic Redox Reaction Mechanisms","authors":"Lachlan O. Smith, Deborah L. Crittenden","doi":"10.1002/celc.70250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.70250","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Molecular design of redox-active species for applications such as redox sensing, energy storage and chemical synthesis hinges on reliable methods for predicting redox potentials. Protic redox potentials are especially challenging to model, because they are mechanism-dependent; they may proceed via multiple pathways and/or yield a range of different products, depending on experimental conditions. Experimental elucidation of these mechanisms is challenging and time-consuming, but computational modelling may offer a convenient and cost-effective alternative. However, careful quantification of computational and experimental uncertainties is required for robust mechanistic assignments. In this work, we apply a new computational procedure for estimating protic redox potentials with associated computational uncertainties and show that it may be used to assign mechanisms for a diverse range of redox species and processes, including reductive ring opening of benzoxadiazole; irreversible reduction of dinitrobenzoic acid and Orange G and reversible oxidation of their reduction products; reversible oxidation and irreversible reduction of Nitroso-R; and reversible reduction of Basic Red 5.</p>","PeriodicalId":142,"journal":{"name":"ChemElectroChem","volume":"13 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/celc.70250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kosar Hasanpoursorkhdehi, Michele Maragliano, Dario Bove, Barbara Bosio
{"title":"NiO Dissolution in Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Cathodes: Challenges and Strategies for Long-Term Stability","authors":"Kosar Hasanpoursorkhdehi, Michele Maragliano, Dario Bove, Barbara Bosio","doi":"10.1002/celc.70253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.70253","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) are highly promising for efficient electricity generation and selective CO<sub>2</sub> capture, particularly in hard-to-abate sectors such as maritime and heavy industry. However, their operational lifetime is constrained by the dissolution of nickel oxide (NiO) cathodes in molten carbonate electrolytes, which leads to voltage degradation and potential short-circuiting. This review evaluates strategies to enhance cathode stability and reduce NiO solubility. Key approaches include advanced coatings (LiCoO<sub>2</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, ZrO<sub>2</sub>, and Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>), doping, partial replacement with alternative materials (LiFeO<sub>2</sub>, La-based oxides, and bismuth–yttrium–samarium oxide [BYS]), and electrolyte modification using alkaline and rare-earth oxides. Various fabrication techniques<b>,</b> including sol–gel, Pechini, atomic layer deposition (ALD), tape-casting, and slurry infiltration<b>,</b> were applied to produce uniform, adherent, and chemically stable cathode layers. Reported studies show that optimized coatings and dopants can reduce NiO dissolution by 50%–60%, enhance electronic conductivity, and improve structural stability under prolonged operation. Multilayer cathode architectures and modified electrolytes further improve oxygen reduction kinetics, mechanical robustness, and power density. Collectively, these strategies significantly extend MCFC lifetime and performance, offering a pathway toward cost-effective, durable, and high-performance cells. The findings underscore the critical role of integrating material innovations and electrolyte engineering to advance MCFC commercialization while simultaneously supporting CO<sub>2</sub> mitigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":142,"journal":{"name":"ChemElectroChem","volume":"13 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/celc.70253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jana Mrowetz, Joachim Gerd Christian Hering, Daniel Schröder
{"title":"Electrochemical Investigation of Temperature-Dependent Zinc Anode Behavior for Zn–MnO2 Batteries Under Alkaline and Mildly Acidic Conditions","authors":"Jana Mrowetz, Joachim Gerd Christian Hering, Daniel Schröder","doi":"10.1002/celc.70252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.70252","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work presents a systematic comparison of temperature-dependent zinc anode performance in aqueous, alkaline (6 M KOH), and mildly acidic (2 M ZnSO<sub>4</sub>) electrolytes in a temperature window of 0°C to 40°C, i.e., relevant for practical application. Galvanostatic and electrochemical analyses reveal fundamentally different kinetic and transport properties, reflected in significantly lower absolute overpotentials and higher Coulombic efficiencies in alkaline media. Despite these differences, both systems exhibit remarkably similar relative temperature dependencies of hysteresis and nucleation overpotentials. Corrosion studies show strongly accelerated kinetics with increasing temperature, with rates in KOH exceeding those in ZnSO<sub>4</sub> by several orders of magnitude, accompanied by distinct passivation behavior. While alkaline electrolytes promote ZnO-based passivation, ZnSO<sub>4</sub> enables continuous active dissolution without stable film formation. The results demonstrate that comparable macroscopic performance trends can arise from different physicochemical origins, providing a unified perspective on temperature effects in aqueous zinc systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":142,"journal":{"name":"ChemElectroChem","volume":"13 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/celc.70252","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148274746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Free-Standing Binder-Free Cellulose-Based MoS2@C@CNFs Electrodes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries","authors":"Meltem Yanilmaz, Busra Temel, Mumine Demir","doi":"10.1002/celc.70255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.70255","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are promising high-energy systems but suffer from the polysulfide shuttle effect, low sulfur conductivity, and large volume expansions. Herein, we report a novel, free-standing, binder-free sulfur host composed of hierarchical MoS<sub>2</sub> and carbon nanoparticle decorated cellulose-based CNFs (MoS<sub>2</sub>@C@CNFs) for Li–S batteries for the first time. It is fabricated via electrospinning, carbon coating, carbonization, and hydrothermal methods. Carbon-coated CNFs promote high active material loading and Li-ion transport, while MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets anchored on C@CNFs further increase the surface area and provide abundant active sites. The hierarchical structure, consisting of 2D layered MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets and 0D carbon nanoparticles integrated onto the surface of 1D porous CNFs, creates a multiscale network that enhances reaction kinetics and electrical conductivity, mitigates the shuttle effect, and accommodates sulfur volume expansion. MoS<sub>2</sub>@C@CNFs cathode shows excellent electrochemical performance, delivering an initial capacity of 1320 mA h g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.2C, and a reversible capacity of 1050 mA h g<sup>−1</sup> after 250 cycles, with a capacity retention of 79.55%. After 450 cycles at 2C, it exhibits a low average capacity fading rate of 0.0885% per cycle. This study offers a novel strategy to produce free-standing binder-free cellulose-based CNF electrodes for high-performance Li–S batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":142,"journal":{"name":"ChemElectroChem","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/celc.70255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiying He, Xuliang Yu, Haodong Luo, Lin Wang, Shibo Zhai, Song Xue, Linjie Zhi
{"title":"Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Using Covalent Organic Frameworks Under Neutral Conditions","authors":"Zhiying He, Xuliang Yu, Haodong Luo, Lin Wang, Shibo Zhai, Song Xue, Linjie Zhi","doi":"10.1002/celc.70221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.70221","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The elimination of antibiotics such as tetracycline from wastewater under neutral conditions is of great significance, yet it remains a challenge. Here, a methoxy-functionalized pyrene-based covalent organic framework (Py-OCH<sub>3</sub>-COF) was synthesized and employed to construct a photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) system for the tetracycline (TC) degradation. The TC degradation performance was systematically evaluated under three different conditions, namely electrocatalysis (EC), photocatalysis (PC), and PEC under visible light irradiation, respectively. Among them, under the PEC condition, the Py-OCH<sub>3</sub>-COF exhibited the highest performance, achieving a TC degradation efficiency of 89.39% within 60 min. The corresponding reaction rate constant in the PEC process reaches 0.039 min<sup>−1</sup>, almost 1.86 and 13 times higher than those in the EC and PC processes, respectively, indicating a significant PEC synergistic effect. Radical trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis revealed that the enhanced PEC performance originates from a pronounced PEC synergy that promotes charge separation and modulates the reactive oxygen species distribution, rendering singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) the dominant reactive species. The corresponding intermediates generated during TC degradation, identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, further enable the proposal of plausible degradation pathways. This study provides a feasible and green strategy for the efficient treatment of organic wastewater under neutral conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":142,"journal":{"name":"ChemElectroChem","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/celc.70221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}