International Journal of Pharmacy Practice最新文献

{"title":"Community pharmacists' readiness for minor ailment services in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study of perceptions, barriers, and facilitators.","authors":"Fahad Alzahrani, Nosaiba B Khairi, Baraah O Alattas, Toqa H Alrehaili, Ghadeer S Aljehani, Renad B Alahmadi, Dalia Mohammed Refi, Lama S Aljohani, Haifa Abdulrahman Fadil, Faris S Alnezary, Sultan S Al Thaqfan","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae067","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Minor ailments are a significant burden on primary care services globally. In Saudi Arabia's evolving healthcare landscape, pharmacists play a crucial informal role, but no coordinated national approach exists. Understanding pharmacists' preparedness is thus vital to optimize successful integration. This study evaluated Saudi community pharmacists' perceptions, barriers, and facilitators related to minor ailment services (MAS) for capacity-building strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to July 2023. Data were collected from participants using a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire with 48 questions. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS v.27.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Of the 720 pharmacists invited to participate, 442 completed the questionnaire, yielding an overall response rate of 61.4% (442/720). Most pharmacists recognized the value of accessible self-care support using their skills (92.6%), but 26.9% feared misdiagnosis risks. Most (93.9%) emphasized prudent triage and history-taking, and yet 22.2% were ambivalent on referrals. Key barriers that were identified included the lack of patient information (71.5%), lack of reimbursement for MAS (61.8%), lack of a private/counseling area (59.5%), and lack of knowledge for minor ailment management (48.2%). Pharmacists who work in rural areas, work part-time, and have not attended any training or education programs also tend to display a more uncertain attitude toward delivering services for minor ailments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pharmacists in Saudi Arabia can play a significant role in managing minor ailments, but the identified barriers must be addressed to integrate their services thoroughly. That can be done through comprehensive training, allocating resources, and establishing structured communication and referral pathways. This integration can improve healthcare accessibility, reduce costs, and better utilize pharmacists' expertise for delivering patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"197-204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural pharmacist and consumer perspectives of expanded pharmacy services to address inequity in accessing health services.","authors":"Selina Taylor, Martina Mylrea, Jai-Ann Eastaughffe, Rosemarie Dixon, Izabella Kent, Chloe Kappel, Beverley Glass","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Australians living in rural and remote communities have inadequate access to health services, contributing to poorer health outcomes compared to their metropolitan counterparts. This study investigated consumers' and pharmacists' perspectives of expanded pharmacy services in rural and remote communities in Australia. It aims to identify the role of the pharmacist in addressing the inequity of access to healthcare through the provision of expanded services in rural and remote practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A concurrent parallel mixed-methods study was undertaken in rural Western Queensland, Australia to include a survey of 167 consumers and in-depth interviews with 10 pharmacists. Quantitative data analysis employed descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, while qualitative data were analysed thematically against the constructs of the Diffusion of Innovations Theory.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Consumers indicated that they would like to access weight management services (53%), whereas pharmacists thought it was important to offer respiratory clinics and services. Both pharmacists and consumers would like to see diabetes checks (30% and 56%, respectively) and vision, hearing, and ear checks (40% and 53%, respectively) implemented as services in community pharmacies. Most consumers (97%) believe pharmacists have the skills and knowledge to deliver expanded services and in doing so, they would improve the overall health of the community. Pharmacists reported staffing availability, workload and time constraints, cost, and jeopardizing inter-professional relationships as barriers to implementing expanded services.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consumers were supportive of pharmacists working to their full scope of practice to provide expanded services, whereas pharmacists, while open to the idea, highlighted that there were barriers to overcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"73-80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of Malaysian community pharmacists on challenges and barriers to smoking cessation programme: a qualitative study.","authors":"Ee Lee Lio, Mari Kannan Maharajan, Kingston Rajiah","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Smoking remains a significant public health concern, necessitating effective smoking cessation interventions. This study explores the barriers community pharmacists face in delivering smoking cessation services in Malaysia and potential solutions to improve their contribution to public health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study employed purposive and snowball sampling to recruit community pharmacists in Malaysia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, exploring pharmacists' perspectives on barriers, counselling approaches, follow-up strategies, and opinions on smoking cessation services. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes and sub-themes.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Three main themes emerged from the data analysis: barriers, counselling and enhancing follow-up, and pharmacists' opinions on professional fees. Under the theme of barriers, sub-themes included underutilization by the public, poor follow-up by customers, time constraints, lack of educational materials and support, and customer perception. The counselling and enhancing follow-up theme encompassed shared decision-making, motivational intervention, follow-up via phone calls or messaging apps, and providing rebate vouchers. Pharmacists' opinions on professional fees revealed mixed perspectives, with some advocating for fees to recognize the professional service provided, while others expressed concerns about access barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Community pharmacists face challenges in delivering smoking cessation services, such as underutilization, poor follow-up, time constraints, and affordability. However, strategies like shared decision-making and proactive communication can enhance effectiveness. Addressing professional fees and collaborative efforts are essential to optimising these services.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"58-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study of community pharmacists in the UK.","authors":"Bradley Payne, Olivia Righton, Melanie Nana, Sarah Chapman, Catherine Williamson, Shivali Lakhani, Marsha Alter, Zoe Bell, Angela C Flynn","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae057","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the content and frequency of advice community pharmacists (CPs) provide to pregnant women with nausea and vomiting, their confidence in providing advice, and their knowledge of the safety of medication used to manage the condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online questionnaire of closed- and open-ended questions was distributed to CPs in the UK in May 2023. Closed-ended questions were analysed quantitatively, and conventional content analysis was utilised for open-ended responses.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>One hundred and eighty-one respondents completed the questionnaire, 24 responses were excluded, leaving data from 157 available for analysis. The majority (90.4%) of participants reported having experience in providing advice on nausea and vomiting with varying levels of confidence. Advice provided included using over-the-counter products, lifestyle modifications, reassurance, medication advice, and referring to other healthcare professionals. Knowledge of first-line antiemetics considered safe in pregnancy varied; cyclizine was correctly identified as safe during pregnancy by 57.3%, followed by 37.6% for promethazine and 31.2% for prochlorperazine. Self-reported confidence and having experience providing advice were related to higher medication safety identification rates. Five percent of participants reported previous training on the condition, while 70% reported wanting further education, preferably delivered via an online medium.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that although 90% of CPs provide advice on nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, their medication safety knowledge varied. The majority of CPs reported wanting further education that would ensure women could access reliable information and evidence-based advice to optimise management of the condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why go back?: Advantages and challenges of longitudinal qualitative research in social pharmacy, and recommendations for social pharmacy researchers.","authors":"Pauline Norris, Molly George, Vanda Symon, Shirley Keown, Lauralie Richard, Sandhaya Sandy Bhawan, Rosalina Richards","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae072","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Although most qualitative research is cross-sectional, particularly in social pharmacy/pharmacy practice, there are many advantages of using a longitudinal qualitative research (LQR) design, i.e. re-interviewing participants over a period of time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper describes some advantages and challenges of LQR using our 'Access to Medicines: Exploring Lived Experience to inform policy and programmes' study as an illustration.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Advantages of LQR include obtaining richer and more complete data, providing a greater understanding of change and lack of change, understanding pathways through complex systems, including people facing difficult social circumstances, and contributing to evaluation research. Challenges to be addressed include the implications of developing friendships with participants, deciding whether to assist participants, maintaining participant anonymity, the impact of the research on the researchers, and how to analyse the large volume of data generated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We recommend piloting methods before starting a study, considering the resource implications of LQR, planning the analysis in advance, planning for how to deal with developing friendships with participants, considering threats to participant anonymity, and supporting researchers doing fieldwork.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"113-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The International Collaboration of Pharmacy Journal Editors (ICPJE) formally constituted to foster quality around clinical and social pharmacy practice research publications.","authors":"F Alves da Costa, F Fernandez-Llimos, S Desselle, I Arnet, Z Babar, C Bond, M Cordina, V Garcia Cardenas, M S El Hajj, R Jacobsen, A V Law, L S Nørgaard, C Polidori, N Shcherbakova, D Stewart, F Tonin, A E Weidmann","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riaf001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riaf001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":"33 1","pages":"3-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fostering consensus for the implementation of a clinical pharmacy specialization: a nominal group technique approach with pharmacy stakeholders.","authors":"Laura Moura, Stephane Steurbaut, Helder Mota Filipe, Filipa Alves da Costa","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae076","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the need for a specialization in clinical pharmacy and the model to be adopted, as perceived by Portuguese stakeholders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nominal group technique through two online meetings addressed four questions: pros and cons of specialization models used internationally; preferred model for Portugal; and success factors for implementation.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>All nine stakeholders recognized the need to train pharmacists in clinical pharmacy and agreed specialization is essential, through a model including strong clinical undergraduate education, supplemented with postgraduate training. The postgraduate component considered most suited comprised a balanced approach to theoretical and practical training, where the relative weigh of theory (20%-60%) could progressively decrease with the implementation of the European directive 2024/782 establishing the minimum training requirements for the professions of pharmacists, where the clinical pharmacy is to be strengthened at the undergraduate level. Success factors for implementing this model include, establishing a regulatory framework for the career and the desired characteristics of the graduates from the postgraduate programme.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study led to a consensus among key Portuguese stakeholders on the model to be adopted for a clinical pharmacy specialization in Portugal and, the information gathered will be used to guide future implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"127-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental sustainability-an essential component of rational use of medicines.","authors":"Valentina Giunchi, Michele Fusaroli, Elkanah Linder, Johanna Villén, Emanuel Raschi, Carlotta Lunghi, Björn Wettermark, Elisabetta Poluzzi, Marmar Nekoro","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae073","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human-use medicines are introduced into surface water throughout their entire life cycle, from manufacturing and consumption to improper disposal, resulting in negative effects on aquatic flora and fauna. Sustainability approaches have addressed this issue, proposing frameworks like the One Health approach. A revised definition of the rational use of medicines has also been proposed, taking into account their environmental sustainability. Building on this updated definition, this paper presents a decision-making flowchart to integrate the assessment of the impact of human medicines on surface water, outlining existing actions and proposing new ones. These actions are categorized into those with primary clinical benefits and those focused solely on environmental concerns. They include both upstream and downstream measures, such as implementing regulations similar to those in the EU and the USA, educating future healthcare practitioners, promoting green pharmacy innovations, and establishing proper disposal practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"102-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients from the perspective of pharmaceutical care: a scoping review.","authors":"Giselle Amorim Lira, Júlia de Andrade Brandão, Leticia Anderson, Ênio José Bassi","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae054","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer treatment has become a significant health challenge, with notable changes in recent years due to increasing knowledge of cancer biology. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown promising results, but they can induce adverse events (AEs), resulting in serious consequences for patients. Pharmaceutical care aims to prevent, identify, and address issues related to medications, such as AEs.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The objective of this scoping review was to assess the contribution of pharmacists to the intervention and care of cancer patients undergoing treatment with ICIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies on the treatment of cancer patients treated with ICIs in which pharmacists participated. No time frame or language restriction was applied. Article screening was performed independently by two authors, with any discrepancies resolved by a third author. The studies were analyzed and included in this review following the inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Pharmaceutical care encompasses a variety of interventions, including providing guidance to patients and to the multidisciplinary team, monitoring and managing AEs, conducting pharmaceutical consultations, and recommending over-the-counter medications and laboratory tests, among other actions. Pharmaceutical recommendations led to better outcomes regarding AEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pharmaceutical care has a positive impact on oncological immunotherapy with ICIs, contributing to both health institutions through cost reduction and, most importantly, patients by improving treatment outcomes and enhancing the quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"19-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of deprescribing services in frail patients: a systematic review.","authors":"Dalal Alshatti, Anthony R Cox, Christine Hirsch, Vicky Cheng, Jeff Aston","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae070","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deprescribing, a process of dose reduction or withdrawal of inappropriate medication that no longer has benefit, is a proposed intervention in the care of older adults living with frailty.</p><p><strong>Objective/aim: </strong>To evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and clinical impact of deprescribing services in frail patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was performed in November 2023 using Scopus, CINAHL PLUS (EBSCO), MEDLINE (OVID and EMBASE), and Cochrane Library. The Mixed Methods Appraisal tool was used for appraising the methodological quality of the included papers. Studies were selected after title, abstract, and full-text screening, with independent review. Thematic analysis was used for analysing data from the selected articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five hundred ninety unique titles were identified, with nine (six trials, one interview, one survey, and one designed-delay study) meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Four main descriptive themes have been identified: challenges of deprescribing in frailty, facilitators of deprescribing in frailty, deprescribing processes in current practice in frail patients, and deprescribing outcomes. Additionally, two analytical themes have been identified: safety and quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A number of issues have been highlighted that impact the implementation of deprescribing services in frail patients. Currently, there is limited evidence showing strong benefits of such deprescribing services, such as reducing the number of potentially inappropriate medications and medication costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"34-44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}