International Journal of Pharmacy Practice最新文献

{"title":"The clinical burden of potentially inappropriate medications on hospitalization risk in an Italian older adult cohort: a large-scale real-world study.","authors":"Andrea Rossi, Elena Olmastroni, Gerard Ompad, Manuela Casula, Maurizio Sessa","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riag112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riag112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Optimizing drug treatments in older adults is essential for improving health outcomes and reducing drug-related issues.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop an updated and comprehensive explicit indicator of potentially inappropriate medications in older adults, and to evaluate its association with all-cause hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Administrative healthcare data from Local Health Units (LHUs) in Lombardy, Italy (2015-2018) were used to identify individuals aged ≥65 years who were exposed to potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), identified through an explicit criteria-based list. Risk-set matching was used to select unexposed controls, and logistic regression models adjusted for high-dimensional propensity scores were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause hospitalization within 90 days after the first exposure date.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Among 641 230 older patients, between 52.8% and 56.3% were exposed to at least one PIM. After matching (128 063 pairs) hospitalization rates were higher among the exposed (8.3%-10.2%) compared with the not exposed (5.1%-6.0%) across the LHUs. Pooled estimates showed an increased risk of hospitalization for those exposed (ORs 1.55, 95% CIs 1.48-1.62), with the highest risk observed in adults aged 65-74 years (1.67, 1.59-1.76) and in women (1.62, 1.55-1.70).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over half of older individuals were exposed to at least one PIM, with a 55% increase in short-term hospitalization risk. These findings highlight the urgent need for improved prescribing practices tailored to older populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting the research capability and capacity of the pharmacy workforce in Wales: a rapid review of the literature and stakeholder engagement.","authors":"Sarah L Brown, Gwenno Roberts, Gitto Varghese, Sarah Hiom, Delyth H James","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riag116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riag116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify the key components of interventions to build research capability and capacity of the pharmacy workforce in Wales using a behavioural-science approach. Local workforce barriers and enablers, global literature, and stakeholder views were explored to inform strategies for supporting pharmacy research engagement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Phase 1 stakeholder engagement established barriers and enablers using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model. Findings from a rapid literature review identified core elements to support research. Phase 2 stakeholder engagement gathered feedback on findings from Phase 1 from pharmacy research leaders and staff in one Health Board.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Seven papers reporting positive research activity outcomes were identified, from which nine core elements for strengthening research capability and capacity were derived: Strategy, Funding, Partnerships with Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), Physical resources, Networking, Mentorship/support/supervision, Training, Identity, and Protected time. Stakeholders prioritized Strategy, Partnerships, and Identity. Mapping of pharmacy staff barriers and enablers to the COM-B model and nine elements demonstrated how capability (skills, knowledge), opportunity (time, resources, networks), and motivation (professional recognition, culture) can be addressed. Findings emphasize these elements should be implemented together, embedded in organisational culture, and supported through strategic planning and sustained investment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interventions to support pharmacy professionals' research engagement should include all nine core elements, combined appropriately and underpinned by the COM-B model of behaviour, tailoring the operationalisation of these elements to local need. Combining these elements within organisational culture, education, and planning can embed research as a core professional role, ensuring sustained capability, opportunity, and motivation to engage with research across the pharmacy profession.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematized review: a content analysis of reflexivity reporting in pharmacy practice research.","authors":"Justine Tomlinson, Kristina Medlinskiene","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riag124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riag124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Reflexivity, the consideration of how researchers' perspectives and interactions may influence a study, enhances transparency and trustworthiness in research, yet it is often briefly reported. This systematised review and content analysis evaluated how reflexivity is described and reported in qualitative pharmacy practice studies, using Walsh's four-domain typology (personal, interpersonal, methodological, and contextual) as an analytic framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematised review of 11 open-access pharmacy practice journals was conducted. Qualitative studies were included if they reported reflexivity. Two reviewers independently screened 2379 articles; 97 met inclusion criteria. Data were extracted on reflexivity type, methods, and reflexivity within reporting checklists. A content analysis of included articles was undertaken to synthesise how reflexivity was applied and reported.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Reflexivity was sufficiently described in 88 of 97 studies (87%). Most addressed only one reflexivity domain (n = 52). Personal reflexivity was most frequently reported (n = 67), while interpersonal (n = 27), methodological (n = 18), and contextual (n = 1) domains were less common. Reflexive strategies (e.g. diaries, bracketing) were mentioned in 18 studies but were often briefly described without application or impact. Although 86 studies were published after the introduction of COREQ/SRQR, only 34 included a checklist, and just 18 offered detailed reflexivity reporting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reflexivity reporting in qualitative pharmacy practice research remains inconsistent and under-reported. Reflexivity was commonly limited to descriptions of researchers' roles and credentials, with minimal reflection on how their perspectives shaped the study. Stronger engagement across all reflexivity domains and more detailed use of reporting frameworks are needed to enhance transparency and trustworthiness.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eliciting participant perspectives about a mailed brochure on sleeping pills and cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia to inform future implementation of deprescribing interventions.","authors":"Selene S Mak, Aaron P Thomas, Cathy A Alessi, Jennifer L Martin, Christi Ulmer, Christopher N Kaufmann, Jason P Smith, Constance H Fung","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riag120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riag120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore how older adults engaged with a direct-to-patient brochure and telephone reinforcement call about benzodiazepine receptor agonist (BZRA) risks and discontinuation, including barriers and facilitators to acting on brochure content.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative analysis was conducted within a 3-arm pilot randomized trial at 2 Veterans Health Administration facilities. Participants randomized to the active brochure plus telephone reinforcement call arm (n = 120) were contacted up to two times. Field notes from completed calls were analysed using qualitative content analysis.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Seventy-two participants completed a call. Three themes emerged: brochure awareness and interest, intention to act on brochure content, and perceptions of insomnia and BZRAs. Participants varied in whether they recalled or reviewed the brochure, whether they planned to discuss BZRA use with a clinician or use digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia, and how they understood long-term BZRA use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Limited recall of mailed materials, digital access barriers, and beliefs about BZRA use may shape engagement with low-touch deprescribing interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community pharmacists' perspectives on resupplying and prescribing contraceptives: a descriptive qualitative study in Australia.","authors":"Zaynah Zureen Ali, Helen Skouteris, Safeera Yasmeen Hussainy, Danielle Mazza, Elizabeth Lehman, Stephanie Pirotta, Anisa Rojanapenkul Assifi","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riag117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riag117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Australia has commenced implementing contraceptive resupply and prescribing by community pharmacists to improve equity in method access. This study aimed to investigate pharmacist's acceptability of hormonal contraceptive resupply and prescribing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were recruited via convenience sampling and had provided contraceptive counseling consistent with the ALLIANCE intervention (i.e. structured, patient-centered, effectiveness-based care) to women seeking the emergency contraceptive pill or presenting prescriptions for medical abortion medicines. This qualitative descriptive study was embedded within the ALLIANCE trial, whose process evaluation included semi-structured interviews with pharmacist participants. The interview guide, containing questions on pharmacists' views of the resupply and prescribing service, was reviewed by the ALLIANCE Trial Chief Investigators and piloted in June 2024 with the SPHERE Pharmacy Advisory Circle. Thirteen questions were developed using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA). Two researchers conducted line-by-line coding using an iteratively refined codebook, with codes mapped to TFA constructs to examine operationalization in pharmacists' delivery of hormonal contraception.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Although pharmacists (n = 24) perceived that the service could be cost- and time-saving to patients, they raised concerns of unintentionally removing general practitioner (GP)-led monitoring of patients and overstepping GPs' roles. While pharmacists felt confident in their expertise and generally supported the service, they expressed hesitation about initiating contraceptive prescriptions, for which they felt further training and access to comprehensive medical records were required. Additional barriers included increased workload pressures, lack of reimbursement, and inadequate staffing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, providing a resupply service appears to be acceptable to community pharmacists because it relies on the GP's initial assessment but prescribing less so. However, evaluation is needed post-implementation to explore sustainability, feasibility, and long-term impact on patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative exploration of barriers and enablers to providing autonomous independent pharmacist prescribing for common clinical conditions in community pharmacy.","authors":"Lorna Brown, Rachel Bruce, Pamela Macintyre","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riag119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riag119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In 2020, a national Pharmacy First Plus (PF+) service was introduced in Scotland to enhance healthcare access by enabling community pharmacists with an independent prescribing qualification to diagnose, manage and autonomously prescribe for a wider range of common clinical conditions. Data demonstrated service delivery is variable.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to explore the barriers and enablers to delivering PF+ by community pharmacies within National Health Service Greater Glasgow & Clyde (NHSGGC), the largest health board in Scotland.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Between July and December 2023, 12 one-to-one semi-structured interviews with NHSGGC community pharmacist prescribers offering the PF+ service were conducted face to face or virtually. Audio recordings of the interviews were transcribed verbatim and underwent thematic analysis using normalization process theory.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Analysis generated three overarching themes of individual, organizational and contractual factors. Subthemes were pharmacy logistics, clinical skills and training, staffing/skill mix, competing priorities, time challenges and external stakeholder relationships. Many of these were interdependent and had the potential to be a barrier or an enabler to PF+ provision, depending on context.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The barriers and enablers to community pharmacists working as autonomous prescribing pharmacists and delivering a standardized service are multifaceted. With growing opportunities to expand the PF+ service, it is important to address and influence the barriers that currently exist.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicine shortages in an Austrian community pharmacy: quantification and pharmacist intervention-a prospective observational study on shortage extent, patient support, and associated predictive factors.","authors":"Alexander Schmidt-Ilsinger, Thomas Arzt, Petra Riegler, Trudi McIntosh","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riag110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riag110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medicine shortages increasingly challenge community pharmacies, affecting patient safety, increasing pharmacist workload, and straining healthcare systems. Little is known about shortages in Austrian community pharmacy settings.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of medicine shortages in a community pharmacy in Austria, and describe how frequently pharmaceutical interventions were provided to mitigate their impact on patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, single-centre study was conducted over 8 weeks in an Austrian community pharmacy. Medicine shortages were identified using point-of-sale software during prescription dispensing. A structured data collection form was used to record patient demographics, affected medicines, and pharmaceutical interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3182 patients, 212 (6.7%) experienced a shortage, involving 243 medicines (1.6%). Of these, 67.9% were permanent and 32.1% temporary shortages. Pharmacist-led interventions resolved 90.1% of cases. Intervention success rates were consistently high regardless of shortage duration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Medicine shortages have become routine in Austrian community pharmacies. This study demonstrates the high acceptance and effectiveness of pharmacist-led interventions, irrespective of shortage duration. Findings support enhancing pharmacists' role in medicine supply, including regulatory adjustments such as Aut-idem substitution.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacists' knowledge of allopurinol-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and its predictors: a study from Sudan.","authors":"Ahmed Hassan Ali Hassan, Yousif B Hamadalneel, Ali Awadallah Saeed, Ahmed Murtada Rashad Ahmed, Mohamed Mubarak AbdAlrahman Khalifa, Safaa Badi, Maha Yahia Suliman","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riag115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riag115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a rare, life-threatening reaction often linked to allopurinol. Pharmacists are key in its prevention, but data on their knowledge in Sudan are limited. This study evaluated pharmacists' knowledge of allopurinol-induced SJS and its predictors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analytical study used a validated questionnaire and convenience sampling. The study was conducted among community pharmacists across Sudan between November and December 2023.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>A total of 385 pharmacists participated; 197 (51.2%) were male, and 188 (48.8%) were aged 20-25 years. The overall median knowledge score was 60% (IQR: 52-68%), with 310 (80.5%) demonstrating good knowledge. Awareness of the allopurinol-SJS association was reported by 246 (63.9%), but only 183 (47.5%) identified it as life-threatening. Misconceptions were common, as 228 (59.2%) believed the risk to be dose dependent. Female pharmacists (162/188, 86.2%) were more than twice as likely to have good knowledge (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.20-3.54; P = .009), whereas pharmacists having postgraduate degrees (59/61, 96.7%) were more than ten times as likely (AOR = 10.32, 95% CI: 2.17-49.01; P = .003). No significant associations were found with age, experience, or location.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although most pharmacists displayed good overall knowledge, substantial gaps remain in recognizing the severity, causative factors, and genetic risks of allopurinol-induced SJS. Targeted education, pharmacovigilance training, and the integration of pharmacogenetics into pharmacy curricula are essential to improve early detection, patient counselling, and safe prescribing in Sudan.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148818366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient experience with pharmaceutical care: a systematic review of service users' experience with pharmacist-led services in ambulatory care.","authors":"Vanessa Klimkowski Argoud, Carine Raquel Blatt, Sophia Gluer Normann, Gabriel Ricardo Fernandes, Matheus de Matos Medina, Marcelo Pedrotti Barbieri, Nicole Schons Jung, Mellina da Silva Terres","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riag118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riag118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine how patient experience (PX) has been defined, assessed, and reported in pharmacist-led services delivered in ambulatory care, and to identify experiential themes across service models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42025635268), and the results were reported according to PRISMA 2020. MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, and LILACS were searched from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2024. Interventional and observational studies examining service users' experiences with pharmacist-led ambulatory services beyond satisfaction measures were included. Inpatient and non-pharmacist-led services were excluded. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were independently screened by two reviewers, and data were extracted independently. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research, and confidence in findings was evaluated using GRADE-CERQual. Given the heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was conducted, guided by a multidimensional experiential framework.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Twenty-three studies were included, predominantly qualitative (n = 18) and conducted in high-income countries (n = 22). Only two studies explicitly defined PX, and two used validated Patient-Reported Experience Measures. Three recurring themes were identified: trust (n = 18), accessibility (n = 14), and holistic and longitudinal care (n = 12). In-person services emphasized relational continuity, remote services prioritized convenience but raised concerns about impersonality, and hybrid models combined flexibility with continuity. Confidence in the review findings was high for trust, moderate for accessibility, and low to moderate for holistic and longitudinal care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PX in pharmacist-led ambulatory services is multidimensional yet inconsistently conceptualized and measured. Clearer operationalization and routine assessment may strengthen service evaluation and support sustainable implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148818361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for potentially teratogenic medications in the hospital setting: a necessity or a luxury?","authors":"Michael Ceulemans, Lynn Bruyninckx, Evelyne Van den Broucke, Karel Allegaert, Kristel Van Calsteren, Isabel Spriet, Charlotte Quintens","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riag101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riag101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study assessed the frequency and type of potentially teratogenic medications administered to hospitalized pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted among pregnant women hospitalized between 2021 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Among 155 individuals, 1058 medications were administered (mean: 6.8 per patient), including 77 potentially teratogenic medications (7.3%), corresponding to 27.1% of the cohort. Indomethacin (18.7%), tramadol (18.1%), and sufentanil (7.7%) were most common. Such medications were used nearly twice as often during non-pregnancy versus pregnancy-related admissions (12.7% vs. 6.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings support the potential value of pregnancy-related monitoring, however, improving pregnancy documentation, especially in non-obstetric wards, remains essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}