International Journal of Pharmacy Practice最新文献

{"title":"Recognizing the opportunity to directly de-label no-risk penicillin allergies in community pharmacy: a mystery shopper experience.","authors":"Angelina Lim, Sharmila Khumra, Annika Dalley, Grace Bubb, Jacqueline Chien, David C M Kong","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae020","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Incorrect labelling of a penicillin allergy can lead to unnecessary use of broad-spectrum, less effective, more harmful, or more costly antibiotics. Community pharmacists are well positioned to educate the public on penicillin allergies, prevent incorrect labelling persisting, and optimize prescribing of antibiotics. This study investigated community pharmacists' capacity to recognize an opportunity to directly de-label a no-risk penicillin allergy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sequential explanatory mixed methods design using mystery shopping (quantitative) and postvisit reflections (qualitative). Mystery shoppers simulated a case of a previously dispensed prescription (involving nonimmune mediated intolerance 'thrush' as the reported allergy) that provided the opportunity for pharmacists to educate on incorrect penicillin allergy. The main outcomes were proportion of community pharmacists who ascertained the nature of the penicillin reaction, provided education on incorrect penicillin allergy labels and its consequences. Knowledge and practices regarding penicillin allergy were collected.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Across two major states in Australia, 265 community pharmacists participated. Only 44.5% (118/265) of pharmacists asked about the nature of the reaction; of those, 91.52% (108/118) indicated that 'thrush' is not an allergic reaction. No pharmacists took the opportunity to educate on how an incorrect allergy label can impact antibiotic prescribing. Postvisit reflection data revealed five probable explanations for the observations viz. outdated knowledge, lack of knowledge, prioritizing management of adverse drug reaction (thrush), variations in duty of care and assumption of true allergy without an assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings underscore a concerning knowledge and practice gap among community pharmacists regarding penicillin allergy assessment which warrants more support and education in the community pharmacy sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"267-273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"We are warriors*\": the impact of violent conflict on pharmacy practice and medicine misuse and abuse in the MENA region.","authors":"Mayyada Wazaify, Christina Steenkamp","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae028","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"265-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of community pharmacists as oral health advisors in the management of oral effects of asthma medications: an exploratory survey.","authors":"Alex Vy Luan Ho, Isabel Lau, Michelle Davidson, Alan Nimmo, Felicity Ann Croker","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate community pharmacists' attitudes, confidence, practice, knowledge, and barriers towards the management of oral side effects of asthma medications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A paper-based questionnaire was developed from previous research, trialled, and validated. Convenience sampling through web search was used to identify pharmacy practices across Cairns, Queensland, Australia. Practices were contacted by email and phone before hand-delivering and collecting questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Thirty eight community pharmacist responses were descriptively analysed. Community pharmacists surveyed within the Cairns region feel that it is within their role to help manage the side effects of asthma medications. Many feel this is best conveyed during inhaler dispensing and instruction. Current advice is more prompted rather than preventative. Pharmacists routinely advise patients of mouth-rinsing following inhaler use, however the link to preventing side effects is not clearly communicated. Pharmacists are confident in recognizing and managing common side effects such as oral thrush and dry mouth, but fewer are aware of dental decay and gingivitis. Many identify a lack of guidelines as the largest barrier to providing preventive oral health advice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cairns community pharmacists already self-perceive their role in the management of oral side effects of asthma medications. Advice given to patients is practical but does not clearly convey the causative associations between asthma medications and their potential oral side effects. Patient education is prompted more by enquiry rather than a preventative approach. The development of standardized practice protocols and integration within undergraduate degrees or continuing education may benefit the community-pharmacist delivered care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"280-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140911204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding medication recycling practices in Canadian hospitals.","authors":"Brenda Zou, Sophia Sung, Isla Drummond, Linda Tang, Aaron M Tejani","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae026","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medication recycling within hospitals has proven financial and possible environmental benefits according to local evaluations done in British Columbia. Despite this, the extent of medication recycling in Canadian hospitals remains unclear in the literature.</p><p><strong>Objective(s): </strong>To determine if Canadian hospitals recycle medications, provide an estimate of how much medication is recycled by dosage form, and identify medication recycling barriers through the distribution of a cross-sectional survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nine-question survey was distributed to 171 hospital pharmacy departments across Canada that consented to complete the survey. The survey identified whether sites recycled unused medications, an estimate of how much is recycled based on dosage form, and barriers to recycling.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Of 62 respondents, the majority indicated they do have medication recycling procedures; however, the frequency of recycling is suboptimal (30-50% of medications are not recycled), and not all medication types are always recycled. Individually packaged oral tablets were most often recycled, and oral liquid medications were least often recycled. Many multi-dose medications were not tamper-proofed. Most respondents selected \"sanitization/infection control\" and \"resource constraint\" as reasons for not recycling all medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among respondents, the proportion and type of unused medicines that are recycled varied. For sites that did not respond, this might suggest that medication recycling is not a priority. This could represent a missed opportunity to standardize practices and increase medication recycling in hospitals, both of which could represent a meaningful step towards responsible use of medications and reduction of negative impacts on human health and the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"311-315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141310719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refining the CRiSPHe (checklist for reporting research using a simulated patient methodology in Health): a Delphi study.","authors":"Joon Soo Park, Amy Page, Rhonda Clifford, Christine Bond, Liza Seubert","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae019","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A recent applicability study highlighted the need for the existing checklist for reporting research using a simulated patient methodology (CRiSP) to be clearer and user-friendly. The aim of this study was to update the checklist to address these concerns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A fourth round of the Delphi consensus study, used in the original checklist development work, was conducted. Previous participants, who had expertise in SP methodology, were invited to complete a questionnaire including a list of 13 checklist items developed in the previous study and revised following applicability testing. Closed questions were analysed for frequency. Consensus was predefined as >80% agreement. All items were discussed in a roundtable meeting and further modified as necessary. Responses to open questions were content analysed.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Twenty-one authors participated. There was a statistical consensus in 12 out of 13 modified checklist items.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A final reporting checklist for studies in health research using SP methodology has been developed using a consensus approach. Further refinements may be needed to increase the generalizability of the checklist in different contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"322-328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undergraduate pharmacy students' perceptions and experiences of a student-led clinic providing preventative services.","authors":"Prince Abdul-Salam, Charlotte Richardson, Hamde Nazar","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Authentic work-based learning is crucial to facilitate the development and preparedness for training healthcare professionals. Such experiences are challenging to design and secure within the clinical environment. One School of Pharmacy established a student-led clinic to provide undergraduate pharmacy students the opportunity to practise physical assessment and communication skills with members of the public. The aim of this study was to explore students' thoughts and perspectives on this experience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Undergraduate students were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview after their clinic experience. Transcriptions of the interviews were analysed by reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve students agreed to an interview that took place between October and December 2022. Three themes were identified from the qualitative data which related to external factors that influenced student experience of the clinic, for example, organizational issues and impact of the physical environment; interactions within the clinic environment; and internalized learning for example, professional growth and development, and the appreciating the learning opportunity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the current climate, where securing valuable work-based learning opportunity is challenging, student-led clinics offer an environment that is well-received by students and appears to facilitate student professional development. Student clinics are receiving more attention and investment across undergraduate healthcare programmes around the world given advantages such as these. However, they need to be well integrated and structured into the existing training and education and students need appropriate induction to prepare them for the experience and manage expectations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"316-321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacist's knowledge and attitude towards self-medication practices: a cross-sectional study for the development and validation of questionnaire.","authors":"Nahid Ansari, Puneeta Ajmera, Abhishek Dadhich","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pharmacists play an essential role in self-medication by providing guidance and counselling services to consumers; hence, it is necessary to assess pharmacists' awareness and attitude towards self-medication to promote responsible self-medication practices.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop a valid and reliable instrument to assess the knowledge and attitude of pharmacists towards self-medication practices and their role in promoting responsible self-medication.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A questionnaire was developed in English after a relevant literature review, which was further administered to a sample of 105 community pharmacists. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using the Karl-Pearson correlation and Cronbach alpha statistics. Content validity was evaluated by subject experts. The dimensional structure of items was assessed through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>The final questionnaire comprises 27 items for knowledge and attitude with a Karl-Pearson correlation value of 0.896 and Cronbach alpha value of 0.814 (24 items), indicating good internal consistency and reproducibility. Factor analysis identified five factors: namely, (i) attitude towards providing guidance and advice to consumers to promote responsible SMP, (ii) attitude towards shared responsibility for promoting rational medicine supply and use, (iii) knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of SMP, (iv) knowledge of the definition of self-medication, (v) attitude towards professional competency of a pharmacist as a healthcare provider. CFA results demonstrate good model fit with the value of Chi-square (184.56), CFI (0.937), RMSEA (0.054), and SRMR (0.075). Model validity measures ensure satisfactory validity and reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings demonstrate a valid and reliable measure for assessing the knowledge and attitude of pharmacists towards self-medication.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"294-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141295988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community pharmacy discharge medicines service activity as recorded in PharmOutcomes: a retrospective exploration and analysis.","authors":"Michael Wilcock, Liam Bastian, Anne Jones, Wasim Baqir","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae021","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Transition of care when a patient moves between healthcare locations is a risk factor for medication errors and medicines-related preventable harm. The aims of this retrospective service evaluation were to understand, by classifying and quantifying, the nature of interventions made by community pharmacy when receiving a discharge medicines service referral from a secondary care hospital, with a focus on two groups of high-risk medicines supplied at discharge-oral anticoagulants and weak opioids following hip or knee surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Records made on the PharmOutcomes™ platform by community pharmacists in response to referral for the NHS England discharge medicines service were analysed and summarized. This analysis was exploratory and interpretative in nature and used a convenience sample of patients who had consented for the service over 12 months from May 2022 to April 2023.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>During 12 months, 6811 referrals occurred, of which 71% were recorded as having different stages of the service completed on PharmOutcomes™. Medicines reconciliation, first-prescription review, and consultation stages decreased as patients progressed through the service. Slightly greater rates of completion were observed for patients receiving oral anticoagulants and for codeine or dihydrocodeine following hip and knee surgery, although overall referrals were low for this latter cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Through this service, community pharmacists are well placed to support the safe and effective use of medicines including oral anticoagulants and weak opioids posthospital discharge and potentially reduce incidents of avoidable harm. The variations in recorded completion rates across the three stages of the service and the apparent greater finalization rates for the high-risk medicines studied require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"274-279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of community pharmacists in the United Kingdom on the provision of travel health services and associated educational requirements.","authors":"Larry Goodyer, Derek Evans, Amanda Wilson, Piali Palit, Christopher Ma, Helen R Lister, Tiziano Poletti","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Travel health services play a critical role in public health. Previously, travel services were provided solely through GPs or private specialist clinics. In recent years, they have been available from community pharmacists in the UK. This study sought to understand the types of travel health services provided by community pharmacists and to establish the educational needs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Qualitative interviews and focus groups explored current practices and educational needs in travel medicine. Thematic analysis of transcribed interviews and focus groups was conducted to understand how travel services are provided and the training undertaken by community pharmacists in delivering these services.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine individual interviews and one focus group of seven additional pharmacists was conducted. Pharmacists considered that they provided a comprehensive service and undertook the necessary training for safe delivery. Pharmacists described a 'vaccine centric' approach to travel services, with aspects, such as management of chronic conditions, fitness/preparedness for travel, prevention and self-management of travel-related conditions considered to be of lower priority. This was reflected in the travel medicine education that they had received and their perception of future requirements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Whilst vaccination is a critical aspect of travel health medicine, taking a 'vaccine centric' approach represents a missed opportunity in public health. Future educational opportunities for pharmacists could include training that encourages a broader approach to travel health consultations, to include a co-created, structured, and holistic risk assessment for travellers and recommendations for appropriate prevention and management strategies for travellers prior to, during and after travel.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"287-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative exploration of the barriers and enablers to supporting informal and familial carers within community pharmacies.","authors":"Charlotte Lucy Richardson, Katherine Edwards, Judith Lunny, Laura Lindsey","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>There are approximately 5.3 million informal carers in the United Kingdom, many of whom support family in their health despite being unpaid and often unsupported. Many visit pharmacies to collect medicines and look for advice. This work explores informal carer support within community pharmacies (CP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured video interviews exploring perspectives on the role of CP in supporting carers were conducted in autumn 2022. The study received institutional ethical approval. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using a reflexive thematic approach.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>In total 25 interviews were conducted with 13 carers and 12 pharmacy staff. Three themes were identified:-What support do carers need through CP?-medicines management, navigating services, and carers health and wellbeing.-Barriers to CP better supporting carers-relationships with CP, carer needs, identification as a 'carer'.-Enablers to CP better supporting carers-support is a team effort, and CP as a community 'hub'.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a trusted relationships between carers and pharmacy staff which can contribute to establishing pharmacies as a safe space of support, this includes medicines-specific support and navigating services, but also carer health and wellbeing support. Pharmacy staff may need to reconsider approaches to identifying and supporting carers and not just treating them as an extension of supporting a patient. In making this support accessible, relationships with pharmacy staff are important, as well as embracing CP as a 'community hub', although pharmacy staff may need training and information to facilitate them in this role.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"201-207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139939877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}