International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid最新文献_第6页

Investigation of ternary vapor-liquid equilibrium for refrigerant mixtures containing HFOs: Simple and accurate predictive models 含氢氟烃类制冷剂混合物的三元汽液平衡研究：简单而准确的预测模型

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.043

Hong Yuan , Zhiqiang Yang , Christophe Coquelet , Yuanhao Liao , Jijun Zeng , Bo Zhao , Sheng Han , Wei Zhang , Jian Lu

{"title":"Investigation of ternary vapor-liquid equilibrium for refrigerant mixtures containing HFOs: Simple and accurate predictive models","authors":"Hong Yuan , Zhiqiang Yang , Christophe Coquelet , Yuanhao Liao , Jijun Zeng , Bo Zhao , Sheng Han , Wei Zhang , Jian Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The refrigeration industry is committed to developing high-performance, environmentally friendly mixed refrigerants to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A large amount of ternary vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data are required to design and optimize refrigeration systems if a ternary mixture is used as the refrigerant while the efficiency in design and optimization could be improved by accurate ternary VLE predictions. This paper aims to develop an approach to accurately predict ternary VLE for mixtures containing low-GWP hydrofluoroolefin (HFO). Two models, the PRMC model and PPR78 model are utilized respectively for the ternary VLE prediction validation of 13 binary and 3 ternary systems and subdivided into four methods PRMC-T, PRMC-Avg, PPR78-T and PPR78-Avg according to their different models and binary interaction parameters (<em>k<sub>ij</sub></em>). The <em>k<sub>ij</sub></em> of PRMC model is correlated from literature data, and the obtained <em>k<sub>ij</sub></em> is used to fit group-interaction parameters (<span><math><msub><mi>A</mi><mrow><mi>k</mi><mi>l</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mi>B</mi><mrow><mi>k</mi><mi>l</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) of PPR78 model. The accuracy of PRMC and PPR78 models are validated based on the literature data, and the results in VLE predictions are carefully analyzed and discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"176 ","pages":"Pages 40-51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combining molecular modelling approaches for a holistic thermophysical characterisation of fluorinated refrigerant blends 结合分子建模方法对含氟制冷剂混合物进行整体热物理表征

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.026

Daniel Jovell , Gerard Alonso , Pablo Gamallo , Rafael Gonzalez-Olmos , Héctor Quinteros-Lama , Fèlix Llovell

{"title":"Combining molecular modelling approaches for a holistic thermophysical characterisation of fluorinated refrigerant blends","authors":"Daniel Jovell , Gerard Alonso , Pablo Gamallo , Rafael Gonzalez-Olmos , Héctor Quinteros-Lama , Fèlix Llovell","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>After Montreal Protocol, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) appeared to be a permanent solution for replacing previous ozone-depleting substances. However, their utilisation has now progressively decreased following the Kigali Amendment application in 2016 due to their high global warming potential (GWP). Unsaturated HFCs, such as hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), are considered feasible alternatives due to their high reaction rates and low atmospheric lifetimes, resulting in very low GWP. However, available data on their physicochemical behaviour still needs to be improved, even with the recent increase in the amount of new experimental data for these systems. In this direction, computational tools provide a quick pathway to screen their properties and complete the information obtained from experimental work. In this contribution, two different molecular modelling tools, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and the soft-SAFT equation of state (EOS), are combined to compute the coexistence densities, vapour pressure, heat capacity, interfacial tension, and dynamic viscosity of several refrigerant blends based on 3rd and 4th generation compounds, in order to provide a thermodynamic analysis of the properties of these mixtures, addressing them for drop-in replacement purposes. Results from MD are compared with REFPROP data and those from soft-SAFT, where the capacities of both modelling methods are addressed. In general, quantitative agreement is achieved using the two approaches, offering a framework to screen these properties for new mixtures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 412-423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unified physics-informed ResNet model for comprehensive performance prediction of finned-tube evaporators 用于翅片管蒸发器综合性能预测的统一物理通知ResNet模型

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.042

Bo Zhang, Xing-Yu Liang, Chun-Lu Zhang

{"title":"Unified physics-informed ResNet model for comprehensive performance prediction of finned-tube evaporators","authors":"Bo Zhang, Xing-Yu Liang, Chun-Lu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Finned-tube heat exchangers are widely used in refrigeration and thermal engineering. With the growing demand for digital twins in complex systems, the need for fast and accurate performance prediction has become more urgent. Existing neural network models often suffer from fragmented structures, incomplete parameter considerations, and an inability to capture essential physical details. This study presents a unified physics-informed residual network model that overcomes these limitations by ensuring parameter completeness and integrating physical principles into the network architecture. The proposed method avoids redundant input parameters and conforms to physical laws. Moreover, it ensures that the selected output parameters meet the requirements of actual performance prediction and are conducive to the training of neural networks. By combining residual blocks with independent layers, the model achieves joint prediction of multiple performance metrics, improving both efficiency and accuracy. The proposed model significantly enhances predictive performance. All the determination coefficients reach 0.999, while both the mean absolute error and root mean square error values remain remarkably low. Specifically, it achieves a mean absolute percentage error of 0.41% for total heat transfer rate, 0.65% for sensible heat transfer rate, and below 0.3% for both refrigerant and air pressure drop. Furthermore, it effectively captures critical physical details, such as transitions between dry and wet operating conditions. Compared to previous models, this approach provides a more comprehensive, physically consistent, and computationally efficient framework for finned-tube evaporator performance prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"175 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation on critical parameters of two binary CO2-based mixtures containing hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) and modification of the CO2 + HFC prediction model 含氢氟碳化合物（HFC）的两种二元CO2基混合物关键参数的实验研究及CO2 + HFC预测模型的修正

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.030

Gequn Shu , Shanzhu Hu , Hua Tian

{"title":"Experimental investigation on critical parameters of two binary CO2-based mixtures containing hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) and modification of the CO2 + HFC prediction model","authors":"Gequn Shu , Shanzhu Hu , Hua Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The critical parameters of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) + fluoroethane (R161) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) + 1,1-difluoroethane (R152a) binary mixtures, including critical temperature and critical pressure, have been determined by variable volume method. The critical point is determined by observing the disappearance and recurrence of the vapor-liquid phase interface in the middle of the sapphire image. The extended uncertainties of mixture composition, critical temperature, and critical pressure are <0.00023, 0.27 K, 0.03 MPa (<em>k</em> = 2, 0.95 confidence level), respectively. The experimental results are compared with the prediction results of Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS), Helmholtz energy equation of state (HEOS), Modified Extended Chueh and Prausnitz (MECP) method, which prove the accuracy of the results for the two mixtures. The coefficients of the MECP method are modified for CO<sub>2</sub>+HFC mixtures, and the prediction accuracy of the method is improved. The Redlich-Kister (RK) equations are used to correlate the experimental data, and the results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The average absolute relative deviation (<em>AARD</em>) of the critical temperature and critical pressure fitted to the RK equation are 0.223% and 0.450% (CO<sub>2</sub>/R161), 0.231% and 0.255% (CO<sub>2</sub>/R152a), respectively, which are basically consistent with the experimental results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 259-272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dispersion stability and thermal conductivity of modified ZnO/HFE-7100 nano-coolant 改性ZnO/HFE-7100纳米冷却剂的分散稳定性和导热性能

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.039

Yuxin Yang , Rixin Zhang , Rui Liang , Yike Gao , Chenyang Zhang , Junwei Cui , Shengshan Bi

引用次数: 0

Exergy Analysis and Performance Evaluation of a Vapor Compression Refrigeration System Using R-134a, R-600a, and R-125 R-134a、R-600a和R-125蒸汽压缩制冷系统的火用分析与性能评价

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.034

Shivansh Chaturvedi, Neeraj Kumar Sharma, Chennu Ranganayakulu

引用次数: 0

Energy consumption prediction of cold storage based on LSTM with parameter optimization 基于参数优化的LSTM冷库能耗预测

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.033

Yabo Wang , Junhao Chen , Bo Cao , Xinghua Liu , Xingjian Zhang

{"title":"Energy consumption prediction of cold storage based on LSTM with parameter optimization","authors":"Yabo Wang , Junhao Chen , Bo Cao , Xinghua Liu , Xingjian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In refined energy management, accurate energy consumption prediction is crucial for fault diagnosis, optimizing system operations based on peak electricity prices, and reducing costs. This study proposes a short-term energy consumption prediction model for cold storage refrigeration systems based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks. Tailored to the load features of cold storage, the model incorporates compressor unit operating features and air cooler features specific to cold storage factors, rarely addressed in other refrigeration scenarios, as inputs and replaces personnel activity features with time features. This allows the model to predict energy consumption for the next hour while analyzing the impact of each feature on model performance. Results show that compressor unit operating features and air cooler features are essential for prediction accuracy; without these features, the model's R² is only 0.739 and 0.854. Furthermore, compared to models like CNN, BILSTM, and GRU, the LSTM model demonstrates a significant advantage in predictive accuracy, with R² improved by 0.306 to 0.475, confirming its efficiency and reliability in cold storage energy consumption prediction. By introducing an LSTM model that incorporates specific features of cold storage, this study achieves an innovative breakthrough in prediction accuracy for high-energy-consumption cold storage, laying a solid foundation for energy management applications in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 12-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction and suppression of whistling noise in electronic expansion valve 电子膨胀阀汽笛噪声的预测与抑制

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.038

Shaohua Zhou, Feilong Zhan, Guoliang Ding

{"title":"Prediction and suppression of whistling noise in electronic expansion valve","authors":"Shaohua Zhou, Feilong Zhan, Guoliang Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whistling noise is the most serious flowing noise in the indoor electronic expansion valve (EEV) of multi-split air conditioners, and it is caused by resonance between the refrigerant flowing at a specific speed and the EEV chamber with a particular opening. The key for avoiding this noise is to identify the noise-generating speed range for a given EEV opening and keep the refrigerant flow speed outside this range. The purpose of this study is to develop a predictive formula for the noise-generating speed range at a given EEV opening. The basic idea for developing the predictive formula is firstly to establish the functional relation between the whistling noise frequency and the refrigerant flow speed, and then to establish the functional relation between the whistling noise frequency range and the EEV opening, and lastly to combine these two relations to determine the noise-generating speed range for a given EEV opening. The predicted lower and upper limits of the noise-generating speed range are validated through experiments on a typical EEV for room air-conditioners using R410A as refrigerant. It is shown that the deviations of these two limits between predicted results and experimental data are both within 0.02 m/s at various EEV openings, meaning that the accuracy of the developed predictive formula for the noise-generating speed range at a given EEV opening is acceptable in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 174-186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolution of subcritical and transcritical cycles and the quantitative influence of heat exchangers configuration on CO2 automotive heat pumps 亚临界和跨临界循环的演变以及换热器配置对CO2汽车热泵的定量影响

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.036

Yichen Zhang , Jianmin Fang , Xiang Yin , Bin Chen , Feng Cao , Xiaolin Wang

{"title":"Evolution of subcritical and transcritical cycles and the quantitative influence of heat exchangers configuration on CO2 automotive heat pumps","authors":"Yichen Zhang , Jianmin Fang , Xiang Yin , Bin Chen , Feng Cao , Xiaolin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional CO<sub>2</sub> heat pumps are designed to operate using transcritical cycles to achieve optimal heating performance. However, in scenarios where the inlet air temperature is low, these systems may inadvertently transition to subcritical cycles. This transition is particularly influenced by the sensitivity of the working medium state before the expansion valve (EXV) to the rejection pressure, and system performance can drop if it operates improperly. To well address this problem, a mathematical model was established to reveal the underlying reason for optimal operation between subcritical and transcritical CO<sub>2</sub> cycles. The heat transfer in the gas cooler was first evaluated and analyzed. The effect of parameters, including air flow rate, inlet and supply air temperature, on heat transfer performance were investigated. Moreover, the evolution boundary between subcritical and transcritical CO<sub>2</sub> cycles were summarized. The quantitative influence of heat exchanger configuration on the evolution characterize was further analyzed, and the impact weights of various parameters under different heat exchanger designs on the anticipated operating pressure were studied. Based on simulation results, the inlet air temperature had the highest influence on the sub-transcritical cycle evolution, accounting for > 81 % across various systems. This study explained why different system designs correspond to different optimal pressure correlation equations for both transcritical and subcritical CO<sub>2</sub> cycles, as these were affected by the unique characteristics of sub- to trans-critical evolution for electric CO<sub>2</sub> heat pumps in winter. It provides new insights into achieving universal optimal operation of CO<sub>2</sub> heat pumps for low-temperature heating applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 424-436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative evaluation of environmental influence of heat emission from lake water heat pump 湖泊水源热泵放热对环境影响的定量评价

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.027

Jinghui Luo , Shicheng Xin , Yunxin Huang , Qiuming Hu , Jinggang Wang , Changjian Zhang

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of environmental influence of heat emission from lake water heat pump","authors":"Jinghui Luo , Shicheng Xin , Yunxin Huang , Qiuming Hu , Jinggang Wang , Changjian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of global warming and the energy crisis, Lake Water Heat Pumps (LWHP) show significant advantages in sustainable energy but raise concerns about thermal pollution affecting aquatic ecosystems and system efficiency. This study uses China's <em>Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water</em> to establish thermal balance through the water surface temperature method. It examines LWHP discharge impacts on lake water temperature and defines a thermal pollution rate based on the lake's thermal load capacity. Using the Nanjing LWHP project as a case study, lake water temperature was measured, and thermal load capacity was analyzed to calculate thermal pollution rates for the coldest and hottest weeks. Results show a vertical temperature gradient in the lake affects refrigerant cooling efficiency and COP variation. The thermal load capacity of the lake is higher in winter than in summer. During the hottest week, the maximum thermal pollution rate for the Nanjing LWHP system is 0.58, and during the coldest week, it is 0.38, neither causing thermal pollution. This study is significant for the rational use of LWHP systems, aquatic ecosystem protection, and sustainable energy technology advancement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 288-298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0