International Journal of PharmTech Research最新文献

{"title":"A Survey on Oral Antidiabetic Drugs available in Market for\u0000Non-complicated Diabetic Patients within Ratnagiri Region","authors":"M. Agrawal, Y. Agrawal, A. Pedhavi, G. Hanmante, K. Sharma","doi":"10.20902/ijptr.2019.130413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130413","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This survey was designed to analyze the current oral anti-diabetic drugs prescribed for non-complicated diabetic patients within Ratnagiri region on the basis of variation in prices of same drug available in different brands. Methods: The present survey has been conducted for a period of 4 months involving number of medical stores in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, Doctors and Patients with randomly evaluating around 650 prescriptions. A standard questionnaire was prepared containing different questions; based on patient’s data (such as age, gender, disease history and medications), Doctor’s data (commonly prescribed drug, combination) and chemist data (available alternatives, cost and most selling brands). Results: Statistical analysis of patients data revels that there were 47.5% patients are in between the ages of 50 to 60 years and 92.5 % patient depends on oral antidiabetic drugs. Hypertension was the most common complication found among them (54%). Data from Doctor’s during survey suggested Metformin as mostly prescribed drug to patients having typeII Diabetes Mellitus as a single entity or in fixed dose combinations with Glimiperide or Gliclazide. An exhaustive survey over medical shops revealed that many brands of Metformin and Metformin in combination with Glimiperide or Gliclazide are available in market, but Glycomate (Metformin), Glycomate GP-1 (Metformin and Glimiperide) and Glizid-M (Metformin and Gliclazide) is mostly prescribed by Doctors and sold by Chemist though their cheapest alternatives are available in market. Cost analysis indicates that, wide variation in price of several brands (75-87 %) for oral anti-diabetics. Annual Turnover of these products in Indian domestic market indicates dominance of USV Pvt. Ltd. and Mankind Ltd. over other Pharmaceutical companies. Conclusions: This report will create better awareness among people for the availability of various brands of same anti-diabetic drug and also motivate our physicians to prescribe the economic products.","PeriodicalId":14252,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"91 1","pages":"399-409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80591203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of extraction solvent on total phenolic content,\u0000total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of\u0000Cetraria islandica","authors":"N. Stadnytska, Iryna Fito, V. Novikov, I. Jasicka-Misiak, P. Wieczorek","doi":"10.20902/ijptr.2019.130310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130310","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress may lead to a number of diseases such as atherosclerosis, nephrotoxicity, liver cirrhosis, cancers, diabetes, and Alzheimer disease. Medicinal plants are an important source of antioxidants. Therefore, the antioxidant potential of Cetraria islandica was evaluated in this work. The coarse powder of leaf of Cetraria islandica was extracted in Soxhlet apparatus, with ethanol (90%) and ethanolic extract of Cetraria islandica (EECI) was further processed for phytochemical screening, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and various in vitro antioxidant assays. The phytochemicals present in EECI were glycosides, carbohydrates, triterpenoids, proteins and amino acids, gums and mucilages, and flavonoids. The content of extractives was 8.3 mg/ml for Cetraria islandica еxtract 70%. The content of polyphenolic compounds in terms of per head acid was the highest for the sample of 70% and amounted to 0.586 mg/ml, and the content of flavonoids per standard solution quercetin 0,012 mg/ml also for 70% extract. By DPPH, the percentage of radicals of absorbing activity for 70% of the extract was 86%, and the antiradical activity of 0,417, indicating a sufficiently high rate of Cetraria islandica antioxidant activity at such a concentration of ethanol. The tested extracts showed next results by FRAP assay: 486 μmol/L (EE96) 135 μmol/L (EE70) and 158 μmol/L (EE40). ABTS method showed the highest result of the extract of Cetraria islandica 40%. The obtained results confirmed the high potential of the extracts as a source of phenolic compounds, in particular flavonoids.","PeriodicalId":14252,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"198-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74102745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variant of Dermoscopy and Histopathological Features of\u0000Seborrheic Keratoses in 66 Years-Old Male: A Case Report","authors":"Vesri Yossy, Ennesta Asri","doi":"10.20902/ijptr.2019.130412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130412","url":null,"abstract":"Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is one the most common skin tumour to be misdiagnosed clinically as melanoma. Seborrheic keratosis may grow rapidly, the incidence of this benign epithelial proliferation is increasing with age and exposure to UV light; it can recurrence. Dermoscopy can be a preliminary examination of suspected malignancy and noninvasive tool useful for the early recognition of pigmented skin tumours, especially SK as it helps in differentiating with other disease, because it can look like a wart, pre-cancerous skin growth, or skin cancer. A case of a seborhheic keratoses in 66 years-old male was reported. He complained there were reappeared brown blackish spots that multiple on face, neck and trunk that are increase in number and size since 1 years ago that felt itchy sometimes. Dermatological examination showed multiple brown blackish papules, brown blackish plaques and papules skin colour on face, neck and trunk were noticed. On dermoscopy showed sharped borders and numerous comedo-like, cerebriform pattern, linear hypopigmented ridges and globular pattern opening on face and trunk. On histopathological examination showed the epithelium was placed hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and appeared ‘horn cysts’ on epidermis. Diagnosis in this case was made from a complete history and physical examination, dermoscopy and histopathology examination. This patient was treatment with elecrodessication and curretage serial.","PeriodicalId":14252,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"393-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73832326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple Thin-Layer Chromatographic and\u0000UV-Spectrophotometric Analysis of Promethazine and its\u0000N-Demethylation Metabolites from Biological Fluids","authors":"B. J. Samuel, Ere Diepreye, Wilson O. Diana","doi":"10.20902/ijptr.2019.130402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130402","url":null,"abstract":"Several Ultra-Violet spectrophotometric analytical method has been made available in the analysis of phenothiazine group of drugs but Thin-Layer Chromatographic techniques are not fully utilized. Hence, we were able to develop a succinct, simple and cost-effective TLC and UV-spectrophotometric quantification method for the analysis promethazine and metabolites from biological fluids, validating previous studies. The proposed method was found to be precise, accurate and phenotypic determination and categorization were successfully estimated among the test samples. From the chromatogram intensities, 33.3% of the study population were classified as poor metabolizers, 40% were intermediate metabolizers, and 26.67% extensive metabolizers. Little or no elimination of N-desmethylpromethazine was observed for subjects with poor metabolism in correlation with the severity. Therefore, the phenotypic knowledge will help in the clinical choices as an individual from the same family may likely metabolize a giving drug in the same manner due to their genetic similarities.","PeriodicalId":14252,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"316-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85949736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black cumin Potential Anticancer effect of Black Cumin seed\u0000(Nigella sativa L.) extracts as determined by Cytotoxicity test\u0000against Larvae of Artemia salina Leach using Brine Shrimp\u0000Lethality Test (BSLT)","authors":"Rasidah, Vonna Aulianshah","doi":"10.20902/ijptr.2019.130204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130204","url":null,"abstract":"Black cumin plant seed or black seed (Nigella sativa L.) is among the most commonly used spices. This plant is grown mostly for its spicy seeds. Studies have reported that black cumin seeds have high levels of antioxidant that correlates with anticancer activities. The current study aims to determine the cytotoxic effect of black seed extracts on brine shrimp larvae (Artemia salina Leach) using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Black cumin seed extract was obtained through percolation method using an extraction solvent (ethanol 96%). The cytotoxicity test was performed at 0 ppm concentration (control) and 10, 50, 100, 250 and 500 ppm concentrations of black seed extracts. We use 10 Brine Shrimp larvae per tube and repeated the test three times for each test group. Our results show that ethanolic extract (90%) of black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa L.) has a strong cytotoxic effect on Artemia salina larvae with the LC50 value of 107.2 ppm.","PeriodicalId":14252,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"455 1","pages":"25-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79750890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbal Excipients- Significance of Substances of Natural\u0000Origin as Excipients","authors":"S. Selvadurai, S. Divya, A. Geetha, K. Rohini, S. Anbazhagan","doi":"10.20902/ijptr.2019.130315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130315","url":null,"abstract":"As in every field there is a transformation to improve the performance and satisfy the demand of consumer, in pharmaceutical word, need of “Excipient” have been changed from inert and cheap substance which forms bulk of formulation to a material which has potential to be placed in formulation as it accomplished the desirable objective of treatment. The Herbal or natural excipients have a great advantage over their synthetic analogues as these are non-toxic, less expensive and freely available. Due to advances in drug delivery technology, currently, excipients are included in novel dosage forms to fulfill specific functions and in some cases, they directly or indirectly influence the extent and/or rate of drug release and drug absorption. Recent trends towards use of plant based and natural products demand the replacement of synthetic additives with natural ones. Today, the whole world is increasingly interested in natural drugs and excipients, hence natural materials have many advantages over synthetic ones as they are chemically inert, nontoxic, less expensive , biodegradable, improve the shelf life of the product and widely available. This article gives an overview of natural excipients which are used in conventional dosage forms as well as novel drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":14252,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"242-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83472114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Histamine Levels in Smoked Fish Product in\u0000South Sulawesi","authors":"N. Amir, Syahrul, Syamsuar","doi":"10.20902/ijptr.2019.130216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130216","url":null,"abstract":"Histamine is a derivative composition of the histidine amino acid that is widely found in scombroid fish such as skipjack, tuna and mackerel tuna. Skipjack and tuna are fisheries commodities that are often used as raw material for smoked fish in several districts in South Sulawesi. This study aims to evaluate the level of histamine in smoked fish products in South Sulawesi. Smoked fish samples were immediately taken from processors in Bulukumba, Bone and Sinjai districts using the Purpossive Sampling method. Analysis of histamine levels was carried out at the Laboratory of the Application Center for Fisheries Product Quality South Sulawesi used spectrophotometry based on SNI 2354.10: 2009. The results determined the value of histamine levels of smoked fish products in South Sulawesi as required by SNI 2725: 2013 which was 3.00-7.32 mg / kg.","PeriodicalId":14252,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"128-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80040936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solubility Enhancement of Poorly soluble Drugs by using\u0000Novel Techniques : A Comprehensive Review","authors":"A. P. Mahapatra, V. Patil, R. Patil","doi":"10.20902/ijptr.2019.130211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130211","url":null,"abstract":"The primary aim of this review was to improve the solubility and Bioavailability of BCS Class-II drugs because of their low solubility and dissolution rate. Solubility is one of the imp parameter to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for pharmacological response to be shown. Hence the classII drugs require enhancement in solubility and dissolution rate in there formulation development particularly in solid dosage form such as in tablet and capsule. So because of this there are several methods and newer emerging technologies have been developed for increasing the solubility as well as Bioavailability of class –II drugs. In this article review on literature on newer techniques or methods as well as recent research on formulation development of classII drugs was done.","PeriodicalId":14252,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"80-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81458687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Patients with Pelvis injury in General\u0000Hospital of Haji Adam Malik Medan","authors":"Irfan Ritonga, Chairiandi Siregar","doi":"10.20902/ijptr.2019.130213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130213","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveFractures and injuries to the pelvic ringmay be associated with severe trauma and other associated injuries. This study aims to determine the characteristics of patients with pelvic injury in Adam Malik Haji General Hospital Medan. Material and Method-The type of research conducted is a retrospective descriptive research method. This study was conducted in Medan Haji Adam Malik Hospital based on medical records of traumatic pelvic injury patients during the period of January 2016 December 2017. The data used is secondary data taken from the records in the patient's medical record. The collected medical and demographic data is tabulated and presented in the form of a frequency distribution diagram or table and analyzed descriptively using total sampling. ResultsDuring the period of research found from the medical record data of Medan Haji Adam Malik Hospital, there were 59 subjects with women as many as 18 subjects (30.5%) and 41 people (69.5%). . From the data collected, it was found that patients with a kindergarten background of 2 (16.9%), SD as many as 10 (16.9%) people, SMP as many as 8 (13.6%) people, high school as many as 25 (42, 4%) people, 10 (16.9%) people, and 4 (6.8%) people who don't go to school. Patients with tile type A1 total 12 patients (20.3%), tile type A2 as many as 18 people (30.5%), tile type B1 as many as 10 (16.9%), type tile B2 as many as 9 people (15.3 %), C1 tile type as many as 6 people (10.2%), C2 tile type as much as 1 (1.7%), and C3 tile type as much as 1 (1.7%). Patients with APC 1 compression type as many as 7 (11.9%) people, APC 2 as many as 13 (22%) people, APC 3 as many as 3 (5.1%) people, LC1 as many as 21 (35.6%) people, LC2 11 (18.6%) people, LC3 as many as 1 (1.7%) people, undefined as many as 2 (3.4%) people, and VS as many as 1 (1.7%) people. ConclusionPatients who experience pelvic injuries are mostly male with an age range of 4-80 years. In terms of level of education, most patients are at the level of high school education. The most common mechanism of injury in pelvic injuries is lateral compression. The most common for tile classification is A2. Other most frequent injuries are lower limb fractures and the most common treatment for pelvic injuries are conservatives treatment.","PeriodicalId":14252,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"103-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76160371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and Evaluation of Rapimelt Tablet of\u0000Anti-Vertigo Drug (Lorazepam)","authors":"B. M. Kadu, S. Bhasme, R. D. Bawankar, D. Mundhada","doi":"10.20902/ijptr.2019.130405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130405","url":null,"abstract":"A. Rapimelt tablet of Lorazepam was prepared by direct compression method using Indion 414, Cross Carmellose Sodium and sodium starch glycolate as superdisintegrants with aim to get rapid onset of action, improve bioavailability and to give pleasant taste and better mouth feel. The tablets prepared were evaluated for various parameters like various density parameters, thickness, hardness, friability, disintegration time, wetting time and invitro dissolution time and were found to be within limits as per Indian Pharmacopoeia. FT-IR spectra of physical mixture of Lorazepam with Indion 414showedretention of basic peaks of Lorazepam. The developed formulation of Lorazepam batch F5 (10% Indion 414) showed good palatability and dispersed within 30 seconds as compared to Crosscarmellose Sodium batches F1-F3 and Sodium starch glycolate batches F6-F9.","PeriodicalId":14252,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"341-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82780441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}