K. K. Khichar , Ravina , S. B. Dangi , S. Z. Hashmi , B. L. Choudhary , N. S. Leel , Saurabh Dalela , A. M. Quraishi , Shalendra Kumar , Balsam F. I. Sofi , Aakansha , P. A. Alvi
{"title":"Tuning the properties of novel and biodegradable ethyl-cellulose (EC)/rGO nanocomposite","authors":"K. K. Khichar , Ravina , S. B. Dangi , S. Z. Hashmi , B. L. Choudhary , N. S. Leel , Saurabh Dalela , A. M. Quraishi , Shalendra Kumar , Balsam F. I. Sofi , Aakansha , P. A. Alvi","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2502811","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2502811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the tunable properties of novel and biodegradable ethyl cellulose (EC)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites by varying concentrations of rGO nanofillers. The EC/rGO nanocomposites were prepared by an uncomplicated chemical mixing route. The influence of rGO content on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of the nanocomposite was systematically studied. The obtained results reveal that the incorporation of rGO enhances the crystallite size with reduced dislocation density and micro-strain in the nanocomposites. The incorporation of rGO was found capable of reducing bandgaps significantly by a magnitude of ∼0.62 eV with an increase in Urbach energy of ∼0.76 eV and a less enhanced refractive index of the nanocomposite. Further, D, G, 2D, and (D + G) modes were found to be present to define the Raman spectra of the nanocomposites. From FTIR spectra, the presence of C–H, C = O, and C–O stretching vibrations in the composite was confirmed. Moreover, electrical constraints, such as dielectric constant, dissipation factor, and ac and dc conductivity, along with frequency exponent, were found to be enhanced by increasing the strength of the incorporated rGO nanofiller. Thus, the findings provide critical insights into the design of biodegradable and multifunctional nanocomposites, paving the way for their application in sustainable packaging, electronics, and biomedical devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 6","pages":"Pages 711-727"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bedrettin Savaş , Abdullah Karanfil , Efkan Çatıker , Temel Öztürk
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of a set of novel copolymers by using RAFT polymerization method and “grafting through” strategy","authors":"Bedrettin Savaş , Abdullah Karanfil , Efkan Çatıker , Temel Öztürk","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2502819","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2502819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study synthesized a series of novel copolymers by introducing the polyethylene glycol segments to the polymethyl methacrylate skeleton. For this purpose, S,S’-(ethane-1,2-diyl) O,O’-diethyl bis(carbonodithioate), named RAFT agent, was synthesized by reacting 1,2-dibromoethane with potassium ethyl xanthogenate. Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether monomethacrylate) [poly(MMA-co-PEGMMA)] copolymer was synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) method and the “grafting through” strategy using the RAFT agent, methyl methacrylate, and different lengths (Mw of PEG unit = 200, 400, and 1000 g.mol<sup>−1</sup>) of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether monomethacrylate (PEGMMA) as macromonomers. The three copolymers of poly(MMA-co-PEGMMA) with three different grafting degrees (5, 10, and 20% by mass) were obtained successfully. Structural and thermal features of poly(MMA-co-PEGMMA) copolymers were examined using FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, GPC, TGA, and DSC methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 6","pages":"Pages 728-739"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Balaji Ayyanar , N. Sridhar , T. Mugilan , S. K. Pradeepmohan
{"title":"Structural, mechanical, thermal characterizations of Agave sisalana fiber- reinforced composite and finite element analysis of composite helical compression spring","authors":"C. Balaji Ayyanar , N. Sridhar , T. Mugilan , S. K. Pradeepmohan","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2496306","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2496306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite having been studied in a range of applications, the use of sisal fiber-reinforced composites in helical compression springs is rare. Thus, this particular study shows the feasibility of replacing conventional metal springs with lightweight composite springs in the interest of furthering sustainable engineering. This study focused on the successful fabrication of a helical compression spring using the filament winding process – a method not very commonly applied to such components. The tensile strength of 66.74 MPa and flexural strength of 70.47 MPa composite specimens were found. The surface morphology and elemental compositions of the composite were found through FESEM and EDX. The DSC analysis found the onset temperature of the thermal event begins at 351.7 °C and ends at 392.8 °C. The area under the peak, representing the energy absorbed, is 100.4 J/g, indicating the amount of heat involved during crosslinking of the composite matrix. The TG analysis revealed the stability of the composite from ∼30 °C to ∼300 °C. Around 300 °C, there is a significant drop in residual weight, indicating decomposition of the composite. The helical compression spring was designed and fabricated through the filament winding process. A 3D model of the spring was developed using SolidWorks and finite element analysis (FEA) of the spring was done using ANSYS. The results revealed a maximum stiffness of 1.87 N/mm at 35 N, validating the material for low-strength applications. Future work should optimize fiber–matrix interaction and study the proposed composite for lightweight suspension systems, vibration-damping components, and other eco-friendly options in the automotive industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 6","pages":"Pages 650-665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced bioactivity of regenerated eggshell membrane hydrogels with strontium-doped hydroxyapatite for potential bone tissue regeneration","authors":"Aakriti Aggarwal , Lajpreet Kaur , Debasish Nath , Himanshu Ojha , Asish Pal , Mahesh Kumar Sah","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2497389","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2497389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tissue engineering has emerged as a promising alternative for bone repair. Avian eggshell membrane stands out among potential biomaterials due to its low immunogenicity, similarity to the extracellular matrix, and widespread availability. This study focuses on developing a bone ingrowth support system from a regenerated avian eggshell membrane. The collagenous and non-collagenous protein fractions were developed into hydrogels with poly-(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) via freeze-thawing, followed by their incorporation with hydroxyapatite and strontium-doped hydroxyapatite synthesized from the eggshell cuticle. Their physicochemical analysis revealed the biphasic nature of hydroxyapatite and Ca/P and (Ca + Sr)/P ratios of 1.25 and 1.27, respectively. The characterization with ATR-FTIR revealed the identification of amide I, amide III, and –OH functional groups at 1639 cm<sup>−1</sup>, 1264 cm<sup>−1</sup>, and 3308 cm<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, for all the hydrogels, along with a broad peak observed between 16° and 24° (2θ) in the XRD data. Evaluation of hydrogels’ morphology, degradation (40%−50%), swelling (162%−750%), mechanical properties (1.4 MPa–3.5 MPa), and biocompatibility with osteoblasts (>87%) demonstrated their suitability for bone regeneration. Further, histopathological examination of rat tibial bone demonstrated enhanced bone repair, with the findings strongly suggesting the potential application of the regenerated avian eggshell membrane in promoting bone regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 6","pages":"Pages 675-690"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sherzod Yuldoshov , Yunusov Khaydar Ergashovich , Goyibnazarov Ilkhom Shukhratóǵli , Sarymsakov Abdushkur Abdukhalilovich , Guohua Jiang , Somia Yassin Hussain Abdalkarim , Hou-Yong Yu , Yi Wan , Kudratkhojaeva Madina Abdugoffor qizi
{"title":"Impact of cellulose supramolecular structure on its carboxymethylation reaction activity","authors":"Sherzod Yuldoshov , Yunusov Khaydar Ergashovich , Goyibnazarov Ilkhom Shukhratóǵli , Sarymsakov Abdushkur Abdukhalilovich , Guohua Jiang , Somia Yassin Hussain Abdalkarim , Hou-Yong Yu , Yi Wan , Kudratkhojaeva Madina Abdugoffor qizi","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2463520","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2463520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reaction activity of cellulose samples is determined according to their supramolecular structure, especially the degree of crystallinity and degree of polymerization. The carboxymethylation reaction kinetics of cotton cellulose (CC), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and powder cellulose (PC), with different degrees of crystallinity and degree of polymerization, were studied by the solid-phase method and in an ethanol-water solution medium. In the row of CC, MCC, and PC with different supramolecular structures, it was found that with decreasing crystallinity degree of the raw materials, during carboxymethylation by the solid-phase method and in an ethanol-water solution medium, the degree of substitution (DS) of sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) increased. In this row, the activation energy values of the carboxymethylation reaction of CC, MCC, and PC were 27.79, 18.30, and 10.74 kJ/mol, respectively, by the solid-phase method. Furthermore, the activation energies of the carboxymethylation reaction of CC, MCC, and PC were 59.26, 25.20, and 17.59 kJ/mol, respectively, in an ethanol-water solution medium. Decreasing activation energies led to an increase in the reaction activity, which, after CC, MCC, and PC carboxymethylation, the DS of Na-CMC reached 0.63, 0.86, and 0.97, respectively, using the solid-phase method. In an ethanol solution medium, the DS values of Na-CMC reached 0.89, 1.10, and 1.31 after carboxymethylation of the CC, MCC, and PC, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 303-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Syam Prasad Ammineni , A. Kiran Kumar , R. P. Chowdary , A. Chandrakanth , Pagidipalli Saidulu
{"title":"Frequency and temperature dependent viscoelastic properties of natural rubber and nitrile butadiene rubber at different temperatures for vibration damping applications: an experimental study","authors":"Syam Prasad Ammineni , A. Kiran Kumar , R. P. Chowdary , A. Chandrakanth , Pagidipalli Saidulu","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2453748","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2453748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aims to evaluate the frequency and temperature-dependent viscoelastic properties of natural rubber (NR) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) for vibration damping applications. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests were conducted on NR and NBR at low frequencies, from room temperature to 112 °C. The experimental data were fitted using the generalized Maxwell model, and vibration tests were conducted to obtain dynamic properties such as natural frequencies, damping ratio, and quality factor. The loss factor for NR increased significantly above 80 °C, while for NBR, it decreased above 50 °C. At higher temperatures, both NR and NBR exhibited faster relaxation, but NR had a higher loss factor, indicating a better damping ability. The relaxation strength of NR increased above 60 °C, whereas that of NBR decreased, highlighting the differences in their damping abilities. NBR showed greater damping ability at the first natural frequency, while NR performed better at the second and third natural frequencies. According to the experimental findings, NR proves to be better suited for damping in high-temperature conditions, while NBR is more suitable for low-temperature damping applications. The relaxation modulus of NR is lower than that of NBR at lower temperatures, leading to a better damping performance for NR at higher temperatures. The study recommends using NR for high-temperature applications where high damping is required and NBR for low-temperature applications that require moderate damping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 287-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xu Zhang , Rui Han , Qihong Guan , Yan Zhang , Zhi Wang , Hua Xie
{"title":"Thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of casein-based rigid polyurethane foam with starch and sepiolite as fillers","authors":"Xu Zhang , Rui Han , Qihong Guan , Yan Zhang , Zhi Wang , Hua Xie","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2449526","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2449526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Casein-based rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) with different ratios of starch and sepiolite were prepared by a one-step process. Thermogravimetric analysis, CONE analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI) analysis, vertical combustion analysis, and mechanical property analysis were used to explore the thermal stability, flame retardancy, and compressive properties of the modified RPUFs, respectively. The results showed that the initial decomposition temperature and activation energy (E) of RPUF-C5ST2SE3 (5 g casein, 2 g starch, and 3 g sepiolite) were the highest. Under the condition of radiant flux of 50 kW/m<sup>2</sup>, the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), peak smoke production rate (PSPR), and total smoke release (TSR) were reduced by 35.92%, 10.83%, 36.67%, and 18.20%, respectively, compared with the RPUF without flame retardant. By analyzing the carbon residue, it was found that RPUF-C5ST2SE3 had the highest carbon residue and its carbon residue morphology was relatively intact. In addition, the RPUF-C5ST2SE3 had the highest LOI and a UL-94 rating of V-0. At the same time, it also had the best mechanical property. The present experimental results can provide a useful reference for future RPUF flame retardant studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 271-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Orkid Coskuner-Weber , Fatma Nilsu Cayli , Vladimir N. Uversky
{"title":"Disordered peptide-based design of intrinsically disordered polymers for biomedical applications","authors":"Orkid Coskuner-Weber , Fatma Nilsu Cayli , Vladimir N. Uversky","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2458470","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2458470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the fields of biology and medicine, the development of synthetic polymers that emulate the unique conformational characteristics of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) is of significant interest due to their exceptional structural and conformational versatility. The inherent flexibility of IDPs, arising from their absence of stable three-dimensional structures, enhances their capacity for self-organization, thereby rendering them advantageous for diverse biomedical applications. Intrinsically disordered synthetic polymers hold considerable promise in areas such as drug delivery systems, organ transplantation, artificial organ design, and immune system compatibility. However, advancing the synthesis and characterization methodologies for these polymers, which are derived from the properties of IDPs, remains a critical challenge. This article presents our design strategies for creating intrinsically disordered synthetic polymers tailored for biomedical use. These design methodologies are informed by the attributes of intrinsically disordered proteins and incorporate disorder-promoting oligopeptides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 315-363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Vidhyaranyan , Venkatesh K , Jenova I , Karthikeyan Shunmugavel , Madeswaran S
{"title":"Structural and electrochemical properties of NH4SCN-doped almond gum biopolymer electrolytes","authors":"F. Vidhyaranyan , Venkatesh K , Jenova I , Karthikeyan Shunmugavel , Madeswaran S","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2446596","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2446596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of solid polymer electrolytes based on natural gums represents a promising step toward sustainable energy solutions, driven by their abundance, cost-effectiveness, biodegradability, and nontoxic nature. This study primarily focused on the fabrication of a solid polymer electrolyte using almond gum (Amygdalus communis) doped with NH<sub>4</sub>SCN salt using solution casting method and investigated its impact on ionic conductivity. An ionic conductivity of 1.123 × 10<sup>−4</sup> Scm<sup>−1</sup> was attained for the membrane with 40 wt% ammonium thiocyanate. Through XRD and FTIR analysis, the amorphous nature and the interaction of certain functional groups with the salt provided insights into its potential for use in sustainable energy systems. Transference number analysis confirmed the major charge carriers present in the polymer electrolyte.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 227-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spectral characterization of polymer complexes based on poly(3,5,7,3’,4’-pentahydroxyflavone) with some ion metals","authors":"Anastasiia Dunaieva , Andrii Voronkin , Dmytro Mishurov , Anatoliy Tatarets , Alexander Roshal","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2449056","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2449056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present work focuses on investigating the complexation of some Group II metal ions and Al<sup>3+</sup> with cross-linked polymers containing built-in fragments of 3,5,7,3’,4’-pentahydroxyflavone (quercetin). It has been studied how the formation of the polymer complexes manifests itself in IR, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectra of polymers. Additionally, the effect of polymer network structure on the spectral parameters of the complexes was analyzed and compared with the complexation of “free” quercetin not bound to the polymer. When a rigid and dense network is formed, metal ions face restricted access to the complexation centers, resulting in a lower concentration of bound metal ions. Moreover, it was found that unlike complexes of “free” quercetin, the complexes of quercetin-containing polymers with Group II ions exhibit extremely weak fluorescence, whereas the polymeric Al<sup>3+</sup> complexes exhibit significant emission. This finding suggests that quercetin-containing polymers may be promising candidates for use as selective polymeric film indicators for detecting aluminum ions in natural and industrial environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 255-270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}