{"title":"Effect of heat treatment on charge states, thermophysical and mechanical properties of polypropylene doped with ZrO2 nanoparticles","authors":"Hijran S. Ibrahimova , Tahir D. Ibragimov","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2387605","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2387605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Charge states, thermophysical and mechanical properties of polypropylene doped with zirconium oxide nanoparticles, and their changes during heat treatment at temperatures 60 °C, 100 °C, and 140 °C are studied. The methods used are thermal stimulated depolarization (TSD), scanning differential calorimetry (SDC), and mechanical life assessment. It is shown that with an increase in the concentration of the filler, the intensity of the TSD peaks increases up to 3 vol.%. A further increase in concentration leads to a decrease in the intensity of the peaks. The activation energy of charge release from traps, temperature of maximum of the peaks, and the magnitude of the accumulated charge in the traps have also maximal value at nanoparticle concentration of 3 vol.%. The study of charge characteristics of the nanocomposite with concentration of 3 vol.% after heat treatment shows that the intensity of TSD peaks, the temperature of peak maxima, and the activation energy of charge release increase with increasing pretreatment temperature. The magnitude of the charge accumulated in traps has a maximal value at treatment temperature of 140 °C owing to the increase in the number of traps. The melting point of the composite is 149.38 °C and shifts to 146.88 °C after heat treatment at 140 °C. It indicates that the high temperature of heat treatment leads to partial destruction of polymer chains, leading to a decrease in the critical melting temperature. The mechanical durability of PP + 3%ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite decreases with increase in pretreatment temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"29 7","pages":"Pages 508-520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elsayeda F. Salem , Walaa Abd-Elmonem Elkatan , Nesreen R. Abdel Wahab
{"title":"Improving flame resistance and shielding properties for cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) using nanoclay filler","authors":"Elsayeda F. Salem , Walaa Abd-Elmonem Elkatan , Nesreen R. Abdel Wahab","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2394226","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2394226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymers play an essential role in both industry and medical fields due to their diverse and adaptable properties. In this work, prepared crosslinking polyethylene (XLPE) samples with hydrophilic bentonite nanoclay fillers (H<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>Si) at concentrations of 0, 1, 2.5, 4, and 5 wt% enhance their flame-retardant and radiation shielding efficiency. The research investigated flame retardancy and thermal stability parameters. The XLPE/H<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>Si nanocomposite polymer sheets were exposed to a collimated beam of fast neutrons using an Am/Be neutron source (5 Ci) and to gamma radiation using a <sup>137</sup>Cs point source (5 μCi) to assess their radiation shielding properties. The study found that uniform dispersion of nanoclay particles enhanced the thermal properties of the composite, forming a char layer that acted as a barrier, slowing thermal decomposition and reducing the heat release rate. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) increased from 28% to 34%, and burning rate improved with higher nanoclay concentrations. Additionally, absorption and optical band gap calculations decreased with increasing filler concentrations. Radiation attenuation capabilities increased by approximately 40% for neutrons and 30% for gamma radiation compared to pure XLPE. The study concluded that incorporating nanoclay fillers into XLPE enhances its shielding capabilities and improves flame resistance properties, making the prepared samples suitable for various industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"29 7","pages":"Pages 547-561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response surface methodology-based preparation of sago starch bioplastic film for food packaging","authors":"Shikha Guleria , Harpreet Singh , Atul Jain , Shailendra Kumar Arya , Sanjeev Puri , Madhu Khatri","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2383480","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2383480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increase in the use of plastics during the past few decades has caused environmental pollution due to the non-biodegradable and recalcitrance nature of the plastics. This has caused great problems for the solid waste management efforts. The development of biodegradable polymers from natural and renewable ingredients can address the challenges caused by plastic pollution. The present work deals with the optimization of the preparation process of sago starch-based biodegradable bioplastic films. The sago starch, glycerol-sorbitol mixture, and chitosan were used as polysaccharides, plasticizers, and antimicrobial agents, respectively. The factors screening and design optimization were performed using response surface methodology and Box-Behnken Design to investigate the interactions between all components in the film preparation. Furthermore, the developed bioplastic films were characterized through field emission scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The antimicrobial susceptibility assay showed the inhibition of the growth of <em>Bacillus pumilus</em> and <em>Alcaligenes faecalis XF1</em> by incorporation of cinnamon essential oil into the film. Moreover, the developed films successfully reduced the proliferation of fungal growth on packaged bread samples. The microbial analysis found that the shelf life of the wheat bread was improved from 3 to 15 days. The sago starch bioplastic films developed in this study can potentially meet the requirements for food packaging films.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"29 7","pages":"Pages 478-495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor Ekene Ogbonna , Olawale Popoola , Patricia Popoola
{"title":"Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the dielectric, thermal, and corrosion resistance properties of polyimide (PI) nanocomposites","authors":"Victor Ekene Ogbonna , Olawale Popoola , Patricia Popoola","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2394225","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2394225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, the effect of varying titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles on the dielectric, thermal, and corrosion characteristics of PI-based composites prepared by spark plasma sintering was investigated. The results obtained revealed that the TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed within the PI matrix. Addition of TiO<sub>2</sub> into the neat PI markedly reduced its dielectric constant and electrical conductivity by 72.7% and 82.3%, respectively, as well as enhancing its breakdown strength by 16.7% at 8 wt% TiO<sub>2</sub> loading. The nanocomposites depict better thermal stability and heat-resistance index characteristics when compared to the PI. Additionally, the produced nanocomposites exhibit improved corrosion resistance than that of the neat PI. The remarkable improvement in the dielectric, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance of the nanocomposites is achieved by better dispersion of the TiO<sub>2</sub> particles in the polymer matrix. The enhancement in properties suggests TiO<sub>2</sub>/PI-based nanocomposites potential for a variety of applications in electrical insulation, thermal management, and harsh environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"29 7","pages":"Pages 533-546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Beyaz , Y. Abdi , R. Bagtache , M. Trari , A. Benaboura
{"title":"Hematite (Fe2O3)-modified biopolymer for Rhodamine B degradation under visible light","authors":"K. Beyaz , Y. Abdi , R. Bagtache , M. Trari , A. Benaboura","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2383846","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2383846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study deals with the preparation of a novel biomaterial by incorporating the hematite α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> onto crushed leaves of the Washingtonia filifera palm tree in their raw state and in extracted cellulose from the same plant. The incorporation of α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was accomplished by hydrothermal route at 200 °C. The palm leaves, extracted cellulose, and synthesized products were characterized by thermal analysis (TG) and FT-IR spectroscopy. The latter revealed peaks at 524 and 449 cm<sup>−1</sup> for the synthesized material, attributed to vibrational deformation of the inorganic Fe-O bond. In contrast to the TG profile of raw palm leaves, the thermogram of the composite degrades in a single step at 343 °C. This one-step decomposition clearly indicates the chemical modification of our cellulose matrix and confirms the successful incorporation of the hematite α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> into the lignocellulose. The second part is devoted to α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> working as sensitizer in photocatalysis, it was characterized optically (<em>E g</em>= 1.94 eV) and electrochemically with a flat band potential of −0.53 V<sub>SCE</sub>. The conduction band (−0.73 V<em>SCE</em>) is more cathodic than the potential of the O<sub>2</sub>/O<sub>2</sub><sup>•−</sup> couple (−0.52 V<em>SCE</em>) and should reduce dissolved oxygen into reactive O<sub>2</sub><sup>•−</sup> radical. The as-prepared materials were successfully tested in the photocatalytic degradation of Rh B (10 ppm) and the result gave an abatement of 60% on α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/lignocellulose under visible light irradiation (LED lamp) with a flux of 23 mW cm<sup>−2</sup>. The kinetic obeys a first-order model with a half photocatalytic-life of ∼ 7 h.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"29 7","pages":"Pages 496-507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of Yucca filamentosa fiber based graft copolymer through response surface methodology and evaluation of physico-chemical properties","authors":"Surjit Kaur , Mithu Maiti Jana","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2377645","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2377645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of the physico-chemical modification of <em>Yucca filamentosa (Yf)</em> natural fiber by graft copolymerization with ethylmethacrylate using ferrous ammonium sulfate-potassium persulfate as a redox initiator has been reported in the article. Initially, six process parameters; reaction duration, reaction temperature, solvent amount, pH, FAS:KPS ratio, and monomer concentration were used in the study in a sequential experimental design technique, and the significant process variables affecting the yield of the graft copolymer were identified. The Resolution-V design method identified the significant parameters as the reaction temperature, amount of solvent, and the concentration of monomer. In second phase of the study, the screened variables were utilized in the development of a model through the technique of response surface methodology (RSM) for the prediction of the yields, and its optimization. The developed RSM model fitted well with the experimental data, and predicted for the optimal conditions of reactions as temperature 50 °C, solvent 100 ml, and the monomer 3.05 × 10<sup>−3 </sup>mol/L; at which the highest graft yield percentage obtained was 124.2%. The techniques of FTIR, SEM, and XRD were used for the characterization graft copolymers. Studies of the various physico-chemical properties showed that the produced graft copolymers were more resistant than the natural fibers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"29 7","pages":"Pages 447-464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141771070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Udhayasankar , B. Karthikeyan , K. Murugan , A. Balaji
{"title":"Hybrid polymer composites of Terminalia chebula filler reinforced thermal and mechanical characterization of bagasse/tamarind seed","authors":"R. Udhayasankar , B. Karthikeyan , K. Murugan , A. Balaji","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2399219","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2399219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of manufacturing industries is crucial for national progress, with a growing emphasis on green and sustainable practices. This study investigates the development and performance of hybrid polymer composites based on poly lactic acid (PLA) reinforced with lignocellulosic fillers: bagasse fiber (BF), tamarind seed fiber (TSF), <em>Terminalia chebula</em> fiber (TCF), and a hybrid filler of bagasse, tamarind seed, and <em>Terminalia chebula</em> (BTSTCF). Five types of composites were fabricated with varying filler compositions: PLA, PLA/BF, PLA/TSF, PLA/TCF, and PLA/BTSTCF, consisting of 30% BF, TSF, or TCF with 70% PLA, and an additional 10% of each filler in the BTSTCF composite. The results demonstrated that the PLA/BTSTCF hybrid composite outperformed others regarding mechanical strength, thermal stability, and interfacial adhesion. Specifically, it exhibited superior flexural strength, impact strength, and tensile strength. The findings indicate that incorporating a combination of bagasse, tamarind seed, and <em>Terminalia chebula</em> fillers into PLA significantly enhances its properties and performance. This study contributes to advancing sustainable and green manufacturing practices and holds promise for economic growth through the development of high-performance, eco-friendly materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"29 8","pages":"Pages 618-634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic mechanical analysis of additively manufactured cenosphere-filled PETG syntactic foam composite","authors":"Jitendra Kumar , Sushant Negi","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2404906","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2404906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Syntactic foam composite (SFC) has the potential to substitute the conventional material used in damage-tolerance, thermal insulation, and weight-sensitive applications such as automotive parts, submarine structures, etc. Here, SFCs were developed by varying the weight fraction of cenosphere (CS) content from 0-40 wt. % in a polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) matrix. This investigation provides the terse behavior of the viscoelastic properties of 3D-printed PETG/CS foam composites. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed that the initial degradation temperature (T<sub>i</sub>) and the temperature at 50% mass loss (T<sub>50</sub>) of the composite filament increased with the addition of CS particles, indicating improved thermal stability. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results revealed that the storage modulus of SFC increased with increasing cenosphere content. The foam composite’s glass transition temperature (78.9 ± 0.35 °C) is lower by 4 °C than pure PETG. This underscores the potential of the developed syntactic foam composite to effectively utilize industrial waste fly ash through 3D printing routine, thereby promoting sustainable manufacturing practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"29 8","pages":"Pages 647-657"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sumbal Anwar , Saad Liaqat , Riaz Ullah , Zafar Iqbal , Fozia Rahman , Essam A. Ali , Umar Nishan , Sandleen Feroz , Nawshad Muhammad
{"title":"Evaluation of dimensional stability, setting time, tensile strength, and rheological properties of kaolin clay incorporated alginate impression material","authors":"Sumbal Anwar , Saad Liaqat , Riaz Ullah , Zafar Iqbal , Fozia Rahman , Essam A. Ali , Umar Nishan , Sandleen Feroz , Nawshad Muhammad","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2398152","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2398152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to determine and compare the dimensional stability, setting time, tensile strength, and rheological properties of kaolin clay powder-modified and unmodified alginate impression material. Commercially available alginate-based impression material was considered as a control (C) while experimental groups E-1, E-2, and E-3 were fabricated by adding 2%, 4%, and 8% of kaolin clay powder in the control, respectively. Analytical techniques were used for the characterization of the samples. A tensile strength, rheological property, dimensional stability, and setting time were recorded for control and experimental groups. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of kaolin clay powder in all experimental groups. SEM showed a round solid structure and irregular shape particle appearance in all experimental groups as well as a control group. The dimensional stability was improved by the addition of kaolin clay powder to the alginate impression material. The percentage dimensional change at 5 min, 6, and 12 h was increased for E3 adding (8% kaolin clay powder) and decreased for the control group. The mean value of tensile strength was highest for E3 followed by E2, E1, and least in control groups. Higher Young’s Modulus and lower deformation values were measured for E3. The mean value of setting time was highest for E3 and the least was in the control group. The results for both setting time and tensile strength were very highly statistically significant (<em>p</em> < 0.001). The mean values of viscoelasticity, flow, and drip test were increased statistically by adding various concentrations of kaolin clay powder to the alginate impression material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"29 8","pages":"Pages 602-617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication and performance of short glass fiber reinforced polyamide composites","authors":"Bedriye Ucpinar Durmaz , Elnura Artykbaeva , Ayse Aytac","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2394222","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2394222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article deals with the impact of short glass fiber (GF) on the performance of 60/40 wt% of polyamide 6/polyamide 12 (PA6/PA12) blend. The short fiber-reinforced composites were fabricated by using melt compounding via twin screw extruder and injection molding. The morphological, water uptake, rheological, thermo-mechanical, and mechanical properties of the composites were discussed. The morphological observations show that the PA6/PA12 blend exhibited compatible morphology and also adhesion between the fiber and matrix was quite strong. The tensile strength/modulus and storage modulus of the blend were substantially improved with GF reinforcement as a result of these morphological findings. While the water uptake of neat PA6 decreased significantly after blending with PA12, the incorporation of GF further reduced the water uptake of the PA6/PA12 blend. The thermomechanical analysis showed the enhancement of the stiffness of the composites and also glass transition temperature increment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"29 8","pages":"Pages 589-601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}